Merge branch 'linus' into cpumask-for-linus

Conflicts:
	arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c

48 files changed, 3877 insertions, 643 deletions

diff --git a/sound/isa/Kconfig b/sound/isa/Kconfig
index ce0aa044e274..c5c9a9218ff6 100644
--- a/sound/isa/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/isa/Kconfig
@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@ config SND_AD1848
 	  Say Y here to include support for AD1848 (Analog Devices) or
 	  CS4248 (Cirrus Logic - Crystal Semiconductors) chips.
 	  
-	  For newer chips from Cirrus Logic, use the CS4231, CS4232 or
-	  CS4236+ drivers.
+	  For newer chips from Cirrus Logic, use the CS4231 or CS4232+
+	  drivers.
 
 	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
 	  will be called snd-ad1848.
@@ -94,6 +94,8 @@ config SND_CMI8330
 	tristate "C-Media CMI8330"
 	select SND_WSS_LIB
 	select SND_SB16_DSP
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
 	help
 	  Say Y here to include support for soundcards based on the
 	  C-Media CMI8330 chip.
@@ -112,26 +114,15 @@ config SND_CS4231
 	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
 	  will be called snd-cs4231.
 
-config SND_CS4232
-	tristate "Generic Cirrus Logic CS4232 driver"
-	select SND_OPL3_LIB
-	select SND_MPU401_UART
-	select SND_WSS_LIB
-	help
-	  Say Y here to include support for CS4232 chips from Cirrus
-	  Logic - Crystal Semiconductors.
-
-	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
-	  will be called snd-cs4232.
-
 config SND_CS4236
-	tristate "Generic Cirrus Logic CS4236+ driver"
+	tristate "Generic Cirrus Logic CS4232/CS4236+ driver"
 	select SND_OPL3_LIB
 	select SND_MPU401_UART
 	select SND_WSS_LIB
 	help
-	  Say Y to include support for CS4235,CS4236,CS4237B,CS4238B,
-	  CS4239 chips from Cirrus Logic - Crystal Semiconductors.
+	  Say Y to include support for CS4232,CS4235,CS4236,CS4237B,
+	  CS4238B,CS4239 chips from Cirrus Logic - Crystal
+	  Semiconductors.
 
 	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
 	  will be called snd-cs4236.
@@ -377,14 +368,17 @@ config SND_SGALAXY
 	  will be called snd-sgalaxy.
 
 config SND_SSCAPE
-	tristate "Ensoniq SoundScape PnP driver"
+	tristate "Ensoniq SoundScape driver"
 	select SND_HWDEP
 	select SND_MPU401_UART
 	select SND_WSS_LIB
 	help
-	  Say Y here to include support for Ensoniq SoundScape PnP
+	  Say Y here to include support for Ensoniq SoundScape 
 	  soundcards.
 
+	  The PCM audio is supported on SoundScape Classic, Elite, PnP
+	  and VIVO cards. The MIDI support is very experimental.
+
 	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
 	  will be called snd-sscape.
 
@@ -411,5 +405,36 @@ config SND_WAVEFRONT_FIRMWARE_IN_KERNEL
 	  you need to install the firmware files from the
 	  alsa-firmware package.
 
+config SND_MSND_PINNACLE
+	tristate "Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/Fiji driver"
+	depends on X86 && EXPERIMENTAL
+	select FW_LOADER
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_PCM
+	help
+	  Say Y to include support for Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/
+	  Fiji soundcards.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-msnd-pinnacle.
+
+config SND_MSND_CLASSIC
+	tristate "Support for Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti, Monterey"
+	depends on X86 && EXPERIMENTAL
+	select FW_LOADER
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_PCM
+	help
+	  Say M here if you have a Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti or
+	  Monterey (not for the Pinnacle or Fiji).
+
+	  See <file:Documentation/sound/oss/MultiSound> for important information
+	  about this driver.  Note that it has been discontinued, but the
+	  Voyetra Turtle Beach knowledge base entry for it is still available
+	  at <http://www.turtlebeach.com/site/kb_ftp/790.asp>.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-msnd-classic.
+
 endif	# SND_ISA
 
diff --git a/sound/isa/Makefile b/sound/isa/Makefile
index 63af13d901a5..b906b9a1a81e 100644
--- a/sound/isa/Makefile
+++ b/sound/isa/Makefile
@@ -26,5 +26,5 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SC6000) += snd-sc6000.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SGALAXY) += snd-sgalaxy.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SSCAPE) += snd-sscape.o
 
-obj-$(CONFIG_SND) += ad1816a/ ad1848/ cs423x/ es1688/ gus/ opti9xx/ \
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND) += ad1816a/ ad1848/ cs423x/ es1688/ gus/ msnd/ opti9xx/ \
 		     sb/ wavefront/ wss/
diff --git a/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a.c b/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a.c
index 77524244a846..bbcbf92a8ebe 100644
--- a/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a.c
+++ b/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a.c
@@ -156,10 +156,12 @@ static int __devinit snd_card_ad1816a_probe(int dev, struct pnp_card_link *pcard
 	struct snd_card_ad1816a *acard;
 	struct snd_ad1816a *chip;
 	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+	struct snd_timer *timer;
 
-	if ((card = snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
-				 sizeof(struct snd_card_ad1816a))) == NULL)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	error = snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_card_ad1816a), &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
 	acard = (struct snd_card_ad1816a *)card->private_data;
 
 	if ((error = snd_card_ad1816a_pnp(dev, acard, pcard, pid))) {
@@ -194,6 +196,12 @@ static int __devinit snd_card_ad1816a_probe(int dev, struct pnp_card_link *pcard
 		return error;
 	}
 
+	error = snd_ad1816a_timer(chip, 0, &timer);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return error;
+	}
+
 	if (mpu_port[dev] > 0) {
 		if (snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_MPU401,
 					mpu_port[dev], 0, mpu_irq[dev], IRQF_DISABLED,
@@ -207,11 +215,8 @@ static int __devinit snd_card_ad1816a_probe(int dev, struct pnp_card_link *pcard
 				    OPL3_HW_AUTO, 0, &opl3) < 0) {
 			printk(KERN_ERR PFX "no OPL device at 0x%lx-0x%lx.\n", fm_port[dev], fm_port[dev] + 2);
 		} else {
-			if ((error = snd_opl3_timer_new(opl3, 1, 2)) < 0) {
-				snd_card_free(card);
-				return error;
-			}
-			if ((error = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL)) < 0) {
+			error = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+			if (error < 0) {
 				snd_card_free(card);
 				return error;
 			}
diff --git a/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a_lib.c b/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a_lib.c
index 3bfca7c59baf..05aef8b97e96 100644
--- a/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a_lib.c
+++ b/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a_lib.c
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ static inline int snd_ad1816a_busy_wait(struct snd_ad1816a *chip)
 		if (inb(AD1816A_REG(AD1816A_CHIP_STATUS)) & AD1816A_READY)
 			return 0;
 
-	snd_printk("chip busy.\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "chip busy.\n");
 	return -EBUSY;
 }
 
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ static int snd_ad1816a_trigger(struct snd_ad1816a *chip, unsigned char what,
 		spin_unlock(&chip->lock);
 		break;
 	default:
-		snd_printk("invalid trigger mode 0x%x.\n", what);
+		snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "invalid trigger mode 0x%x.\n", what);
 		error = -EINVAL;
 	}
 
@@ -377,7 +377,6 @@ static struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_ad1816a_capture = {
 	.fifo_size =		0,
 };
 
-#if 0 /* not used now */
 static int snd_ad1816a_timer_close(struct snd_timer *timer)
 {
 	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_timer_chip(timer);
@@ -442,8 +441,6 @@ static struct snd_timer_hardware snd_ad1816a_timer_table = {
 	.start =	snd_ad1816a_timer_start,
 	.stop =		snd_ad1816a_timer_stop,
 };
-#endif /* not used now */
-
 
 static int snd_ad1816a_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
@@ -568,7 +565,7 @@ static const char __devinit *snd_ad1816a_chip_id(struct snd_ad1816a *chip)
 	case AD1816A_HW_AD1815:	return "AD1815";
 	case AD1816A_HW_AD18MAX10: return "AD18max10";
 	default:
-		snd_printk("Unknown chip version %d:%d.\n",
+		snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "Unknown chip version %d:%d.\n",
 			chip->version, chip->hardware);
 		return "AD1816A - unknown";
 	}
@@ -687,7 +684,6 @@ int __devinit snd_ad1816a_pcm(struct snd_ad1816a *chip, int device, struct snd_p
 	return 0;
 }
 
-#if 0 /* not used now */
 int __devinit snd_ad1816a_timer(struct snd_ad1816a *chip, int device, struct snd_timer **rtimer)
 {
 	struct snd_timer *timer;
@@ -709,7 +705,6 @@ int __devinit snd_ad1816a_timer(struct snd_ad1816a *chip, int device, struct snd
 		*rtimer = timer;
 	return 0;
 }
-#endif /* not used now */
 
 /*
  *
diff --git a/sound/isa/ad1848/ad1848.c b/sound/isa/ad1848/ad1848.c
index 223a6c038819..4beeb6f98e0e 100644
--- a/sound/isa/ad1848/ad1848.c
+++ b/sound/isa/ad1848/ad1848.c
@@ -91,9 +91,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_ad1848_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int error;
 
-	card = snd_card_new(index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE, 0);
-	if (!card)
-		return -EINVAL;
+	error = snd_card_create(index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE, 0, &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	error = snd_wss_create(card, port[n], -1, irq[n], dma1[n], -1,
 			thinkpad[n] ? WSS_HW_THINKPAD : WSS_HW_DETECT,
diff --git a/sound/isa/adlib.c b/sound/isa/adlib.c
index 374b7177e111..7465ae036e0b 100644
--- a/sound/isa/adlib.c
+++ b/sound/isa/adlib.c
@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ static int __devinit snd_adlib_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
 	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
 	int error;
 
-	card = snd_card_new(index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE, 0);
-	if (!card) {
+	error = snd_card_create(index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE, 0, &card);
+	if (error < 0) {
 		dev_err(dev, "could not create card\n");
-		return -EINVAL;
+		return error;
 	}
 
 	card->private_data = request_region(port[n], 4, CRD_NAME);
diff --git a/sound/isa/als100.c b/sound/isa/als100.c
index f1ce30f379c9..5fd52e4d7079 100644
--- a/sound/isa/als100.c
+++ b/sound/isa/als100.c
@@ -163,9 +163,10 @@ static int __devinit snd_card_als100_probe(int dev,
 	struct snd_card_als100 *acard;
 	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
 
-	if ((card = snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
-				 sizeof(struct snd_card_als100))) == NULL)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	error = snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_card_als100), &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
 	acard = card->private_data;
 
 	if ((error = snd_card_als100_pnp(dev, acard, pcard, pid))) {
diff --git a/sound/isa/azt2320.c b/sound/isa/azt2320.c
index 3e74d1a3928e..f7aa637b0d18 100644
--- a/sound/isa/azt2320.c
+++ b/sound/isa/azt2320.c
@@ -184,9 +184,10 @@ static int __devinit snd_card_azt2320_probe(int dev,
 	struct snd_wss *chip;
 	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
 
-	if ((card = snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
-				 sizeof(struct snd_card_azt2320))) == NULL)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	error = snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_card_azt2320), &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
 	acard = (struct snd_card_azt2320 *)card->private_data;
 
 	if ((error = snd_card_azt2320_pnp(dev, acard, pcard, pid))) {
diff --git a/sound/isa/cmi8330.c b/sound/isa/cmi8330.c
index e49aec700a55..de83608719ea 100644
--- a/sound/isa/cmi8330.c
+++ b/sound/isa/cmi8330.c
@@ -31,11 +31,11 @@
  *  To quickly load the module,
  *
  *  modprobe -a snd-cmi8330 sbport=0x220 sbirq=5 sbdma8=1
- *    sbdma16=5 wssport=0x530 wssirq=11 wssdma=0
+ *    sbdma16=5 wssport=0x530 wssirq=11 wssdma=0 fmport=0x388
  *
  *  This card has two mixers and two PCM devices.  I've cheesed it such
  *  that recording and playback can be done through the same device.
- *  The driver "magically" routes the capturing to the AD1848 codec,
+ *  The driver "magically" routes the capturing to the CMI8330 codec,
  *  and playback to the SB16 codec.  This allows for full-duplex mode
  *  to some extent.
  *  The utilities in alsa-utils are aware of both devices, so passing
@@ -51,6 +51,8 @@
 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
 #include <sound/core.h>
 #include <sound/wss.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
 #include <sound/sb.h>
 #include <sound/initval.h>
 
@@ -79,6 +81,9 @@ static int sbdma16[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;
 static long wssport[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
 static int wssirq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
 static int wssdma[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;
+static long fmport[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static long mpuport[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static int mpuirq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
 
 module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for CMI8330 soundcard.");
@@ -107,6 +112,12 @@ MODULE_PARM_DESC(wssirq, "IRQ # for CMI8330 WSS driver.");
 module_param_array(wssdma, int, NULL, 0444);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(wssdma, "DMA for CMI8330 WSS driver.");
 
+module_param_array(fmport, long, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(fmport, "FM port # for CMI8330 driver.");
+module_param_array(mpuport, long, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpuport, "MPU-401 port # for CMI8330 driver.");
+module_param_array(mpuirq, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpuirq, "IRQ # for CMI8330 MPU-401 port.");
 #ifdef CONFIG_PNP
 static int isa_registered;
 static int pnp_registered;
@@ -149,6 +160,7 @@ struct snd_cmi8330 {
 #ifdef CONFIG_PNP
 	struct pnp_dev *cap;
 	struct pnp_dev *play;
+	struct pnp_dev *mpu;
 #endif
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	struct snd_wss *wss;
@@ -165,7 +177,7 @@ struct snd_cmi8330 {
 #ifdef CONFIG_PNP
 
 static struct pnp_card_device_id snd_cmi8330_pnpids[] = {
-	{ .id = "CMI0001", .devs = { { "@@@0001" }, { "@X@0001" } } },
+	{ .id = "CMI0001", .devs = { { "@@@0001" }, { "@X@0001" }, { "@H@0001" } } },
 	{ .id = "" }
 };
 
@@ -219,8 +231,10 @@ WSS_SINGLE("3D Control - Switch", 0,
 		CMI8330_RMUX3D, 5, 1, 1),
 WSS_SINGLE("PC Speaker Playback Volume", 0,
 		CMI8330_OUTPUTVOL, 3, 3, 0),
-WSS_SINGLE("FM Playback Switch", 0,
-		CMI8330_RECMUX, 3, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE("FM Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_AUX2_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX2_RIGHT_INPUT, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE("FM Playback Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_AUX2_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX2_RIGHT_INPUT, 0, 0, 31, 1),
 WSS_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("Input ", CAPTURE, SWITCH), 0,
 		CMI8330_RMUX3D, 7, 1, 1),
 WSS_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("Input ", PLAYBACK, SWITCH), 0,
@@ -323,16 +337,21 @@ static int __devinit snd_cmi8330_pnp(int dev, struct snd_cmi8330 *acard,
 	if (acard->play == NULL)
 		return -EBUSY;
 
+	acard->mpu = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[2].id, NULL);
+	if (acard->play == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
 	pdev = acard->cap;
 
 	err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
 	if (err < 0) {
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "CMI8330/C3D (AD1848) PnP configure failure\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "CMI8330/C3D PnP configure failure\n");
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
 	wssport[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
 	wssdma[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 0);
 	wssirq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+	fmport[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 1);
 
 	/* allocate SB16 resources */
 	pdev = acard->play;
@@ -347,6 +366,17 @@ static int __devinit snd_cmi8330_pnp(int dev, struct snd_cmi8330 *acard,
 	sbdma16[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 1);
 	sbirq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
 
+	/* allocate MPU-401 resources */
+	pdev = acard->mpu;
+
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR
+			   "CMI8330/C3D (MPU-401) PnP configure failure\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	mpuport[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+	mpuirq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
 	return 0;
 }
 #endif
@@ -467,26 +497,29 @@ static int snd_cmi8330_resume(struct snd_card *card)
 
 #define PFX	"cmi8330: "
 
-static struct snd_card *snd_cmi8330_card_new(int dev)
+static int snd_cmi8330_card_new(int dev, struct snd_card **cardp)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	struct snd_cmi8330 *acard;
+	int err;
 
-	card = snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
-			    sizeof(struct snd_cmi8330));
-	if (card == NULL) {
+	err = snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+			      sizeof(struct snd_cmi8330), &card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "could not get a new card\n");
-		return NULL;
+		return err;
 	}
 	acard = card->private_data;
 	acard->card = card;
-	return card;
+	*cardp = card;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int __devinit snd_cmi8330_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
 {
 	struct snd_cmi8330 *acard;
 	int i, err;
+	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
 
 	acard = card->private_data;
 	err = snd_wss_create(card, wssport[dev] + 4, -1,
@@ -494,11 +527,11 @@ static int __devinit snd_cmi8330_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
 			     wssdma[dev], -1,
 			     WSS_HW_DETECT, 0, &acard->wss);
 	if (err < 0) {
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "(AD1848) device busy??\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "(CMI8330) device busy??\n");
 		return err;
 	}
 	if (acard->wss->hardware != WSS_HW_CMI8330) {
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "(AD1848) not found during probe\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "(CMI8330) not found during probe\n");
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
 
@@ -530,6 +563,27 @@ static int __devinit snd_cmi8330_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "failed to create pcms\n");
 		return err;
 	}
+	if (fmport[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		if (snd_opl3_create(card,
+				    fmport[dev], fmport[dev] + 2,
+				    OPL3_HW_AUTO, 0, &opl3) < 0) {
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX
+				   "no OPL device at 0x%lx-0x%lx ?\n",
+				   fmport[dev], fmport[dev] + 2);
+		} else {
+			err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (mpuport[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		if (snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_MPU401,
+					mpuport[dev], 0, mpuirq[dev],
+					IRQF_DISABLED, NULL) < 0)
+			printk(KERN_ERR PFX "no MPU-401 device at 0x%lx.\n",
+				mpuport[dev]);
+	}
 
 	strcpy(card->driver, "CMI8330/C3D");
 	strcpy(card->shortname, "C-Media CMI8330/C3D");
@@ -564,9 +618,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_cmi8330_isa_probe(struct device *pdev,
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	int err;
 
-	card = snd_cmi8330_card_new(dev);
-	if (! card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = snd_cmi8330_card_new(dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 	snd_card_set_dev(card, pdev);
 	if ((err = snd_cmi8330_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
@@ -628,9 +682,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_cmi8330_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
 		return -ENODEV;
 			       
-	card = snd_cmi8330_card_new(dev);
-	if (! card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	res = snd_cmi8330_card_new(dev, &card);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
 	if ((res = snd_cmi8330_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid)) < 0) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "PnP detection failed\n");
 		snd_card_free(card);
diff --git a/sound/isa/cs423x/Makefile b/sound/isa/cs423x/Makefile
index 5870ca21ab59..6d397e8d54ac 100644
--- a/sound/isa/cs423x/Makefile
+++ b/sound/isa/cs423x/Makefile
@@ -3,13 +3,11 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
 #
 
-snd-cs4236-lib-objs := cs4236_lib.o
 snd-cs4231-objs := cs4231.o
-snd-cs4232-objs := cs4232.o
-snd-cs4236-objs := cs4236.o
+snd-cs4236-objs := cs4236.o cs4236_lib.o
 
 # Toplevel Module Dependency
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_CS4231) += snd-cs4231.o
-obj-$(CONFIG_SND_CS4232) += snd-cs4232.o
-obj-$(CONFIG_SND_CS4236) += snd-cs4236.o snd-cs4236-lib.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_CS4236) += snd-cs4236.o
+
 
diff --git a/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4231.c b/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4231.c
index f019d449e2d6..cb9153e75b82 100644
--- a/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4231.c
+++ b/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4231.c
@@ -95,9 +95,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_cs4231_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int error;
 
-	card = snd_card_new(index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE, 0);
-	if (!card)
-		return -EINVAL;
+	error = snd_card_create(index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE, 0, &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	error = snd_wss_create(card, port[n], -1, irq[n], dma1[n], dma2[n],
 			WSS_HW_DETECT, 0, &chip);
diff --git a/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4232.c b/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4232.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 9fad2e6c0c2c..000000000000
--- a/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4232.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-#define CS4232
-#include "cs4236.c"
diff --git a/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236.c b/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236.c
index 019c9401663e..a076a6ce8071 100644
--- a/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236.c
+++ b/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236.c
@@ -33,17 +33,14 @@
 
 MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
-#ifdef CS4232
-MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Cirrus Logic CS4232");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Cirrus Logic CS4232-9");
 MODULE_SUPPORTED_DEVICE("{{Turtle Beach,TBS-2000},"
 		"{Turtle Beach,Tropez Plus},"
 		"{SIC CrystalWave 32},"
 		"{Hewlett Packard,Omnibook 5500},"
 		"{TerraTec,Maestro 32/96},"
-		"{Philips,PCA70PS}}");
-#else
-MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Cirrus Logic CS4235-9");
-MODULE_SUPPORTED_DEVICE("{{Crystal Semiconductors,CS4235},"
+		"{Philips,PCA70PS}},"
+		"{{Crystal Semiconductors,CS4235},"
 		"{Crystal Semiconductors,CS4236},"
 		"{Crystal Semiconductors,CS4237},"
 		"{Crystal Semiconductors,CS4238},"
@@ -70,15 +67,11 @@ MODULE_SUPPORTED_DEVICE("{{Crystal Semiconductors,CS4235},"
 		"{Typhoon Soundsystem,CS4236B},"
 		"{Turtle Beach,Malibu},"
 		"{Unknown,Digital PC 5000 Onboard}}");
-#endif
 
-#ifdef CS4232
-#define IDENT "CS4232"
-#define DEV_NAME "cs4232"
-#else
-#define IDENT "CS4236+"
-#define DEV_NAME "cs4236"
-#endif
+MODULE_ALIAS("snd_cs4232");
+
+#define IDENT "CS4232+"
+#define DEV_NAME "cs4232+"
 
 static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
 static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
@@ -128,9 +121,7 @@ MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma2, "DMA2 # for " IDENT " driver.");
 #ifdef CONFIG_PNP
 static int isa_registered;
 static int pnpc_registered;
-#ifdef CS4232
 static int pnp_registered;
-#endif
 #endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
 
 struct snd_card_cs4236 {
@@ -145,11 +136,10 @@ struct snd_card_cs4236 {
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_PNP
 
-#ifdef CS4232
 /*
  * PNP BIOS
  */
-static const struct pnp_device_id snd_cs4232_pnpbiosids[] = {
+static const struct pnp_device_id snd_cs423x_pnpbiosids[] = {
 	{ .id = "CSC0100" },
 	{ .id = "CSC0000" },
 	/* Guillemot Turtlebeach something appears to be cs4232 compatible
@@ -157,10 +147,8 @@ static const struct pnp_device_id snd_cs4232_pnpbiosids[] = {
 	{ .id = "GIM0100" },
 	{ .id = "" }
 };
-MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp, snd_cs4232_pnpbiosids);
-#endif /* CS4232 */
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp, snd_cs423x_pnpbiosids);
 
-#ifdef CS4232
 #define CS423X_ISAPNP_DRIVER	"cs4232_isapnp"
 static struct pnp_card_device_id snd_cs423x_pnpids[] = {
 	/* Philips PCA70PS */
@@ -179,12 +167,6 @@ static struct pnp_card_device_id snd_cs423x_pnpids[] = {
 	{ .id = "CSCf032", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
 	/* Netfinity 3000 on-board soundcard */
 	{ .id = "CSCe825", .devs = { { "CSC0100" }, { "CSC0110" }, { "CSC010f" } } },
-	/* --- */
-	{ .id = "" }	/* end */
-};
-#else /* CS4236 */
-#define CS423X_ISAPNP_DRIVER	"cs4236_isapnp"
-static struct pnp_card_device_id snd_cs423x_pnpids[] = {
 	/* Intel Marlin Spike Motherboard - CS4235 */
 	{ .id = "CSC0225", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
 	/* Intel Marlin Spike Motherboard (#2) - CS4235 */
@@ -266,7 +248,6 @@ static struct pnp_card_device_id snd_cs423x_pnpids[] = {
 	/* --- */
 	{ .id = "" }	/* end */
 };
-#endif
 
 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, snd_cs423x_pnpids);
 
@@ -323,17 +304,19 @@ static int __devinit snd_cs423x_pnp_init_mpu(int dev, struct pnp_dev *pdev)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-#ifdef CS4232
-static int __devinit snd_card_cs4232_pnp(int dev, struct snd_card_cs4236 *acard,
-					 struct pnp_dev *pdev)
+static int __devinit snd_card_cs423x_pnp(int dev, struct snd_card_cs4236 *acard,
+					 struct pnp_dev *pdev,
+					 struct pnp_dev *cdev)
 {
 	acard->wss = pdev;
 	if (snd_cs423x_pnp_init_wss(dev, acard->wss) < 0)
 		return -EBUSY;
-	cport[dev] = -1;
+	if (cdev)
+		cport[dev] = pnp_port_start(cdev, 0);
+	else
+		cport[dev] = -1;
 	return 0;
 }
-#endif
 
 static int __devinit snd_card_cs423x_pnpc(int dev, struct snd_card_cs4236 *acard,
 					  struct pnp_card_link *card,
@@ -382,16 +365,18 @@ static void snd_card_cs4236_free(struct snd_card *card)
 	release_and_free_resource(acard->res_sb_port);
 }
 
-static struct snd_card *snd_cs423x_card_new(int dev)
+static int snd_cs423x_card_new(int dev, struct snd_card **cardp)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card;
+	int err;
 
-	card = snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
-			    sizeof(struct snd_card_cs4236));
-	if (card == NULL)
-		return NULL;
+	err = snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+			      sizeof(struct snd_card_cs4236), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 	card->private_free = snd_card_cs4236_free;
-	return card;
+	*cardp = card;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int __devinit snd_cs423x_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
@@ -409,40 +394,39 @@ static int __devinit snd_cs423x_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 
-#ifdef CS4232
 	err = snd_wss_create(card, port[dev], cport[dev],
 			     irq[dev],
 			     dma1[dev], dma2[dev],
-			     WSS_HW_DETECT, 0, &chip);
-	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
-	acard->chip = chip;
-
-	err = snd_wss_pcm(chip, 0, &pcm);
-	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
-
-	err = snd_wss_mixer(chip);
+			     WSS_HW_DETECT3, 0, &chip);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-
-#else /* CS4236 */
-	err = snd_cs4236_create(card,
-				port[dev], cport[dev],
-				irq[dev], dma1[dev], dma2[dev],
-				WSS_HW_DETECT, 0, &chip);
-	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
-	acard->chip = chip;
-
-	err = snd_cs4236_pcm(chip, 0, &pcm);
-	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
-
-	err = snd_cs4236_mixer(chip);
-	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
-#endif
+	if (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_CS4236B_MASK) {
+		snd_wss_free(chip);
+		err = snd_cs4236_create(card,
+					port[dev], cport[dev],
+					irq[dev], dma1[dev], dma2[dev],
+					WSS_HW_DETECT, 0, &chip);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		acard->chip = chip;
+
+		err = snd_cs4236_pcm(chip, 0, &pcm);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+
+		err = snd_cs4236_mixer(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	} else {
+		acard->chip = chip;
+		err = snd_wss_pcm(chip, 0, &pcm);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+
+		err = snd_wss_mixer(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
 	strcpy(card->driver, pcm->name);
 	strcpy(card->shortname, pcm->name);
 	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %i, dma %i",
@@ -512,9 +496,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_cs423x_isa_probe(struct device *pdev,
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	int err;
 
-	card = snd_cs423x_card_new(dev);
-	if (! card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = snd_cs423x_card_new(dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 	snd_card_set_dev(card, pdev);
 	if ((err = snd_cs423x_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
@@ -577,13 +561,14 @@ static struct isa_driver cs423x_isa_driver = {
 
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_PNP
-#ifdef CS4232
-static int __devinit snd_cs4232_pnpbios_detect(struct pnp_dev *pdev,
+static int __devinit snd_cs423x_pnpbios_detect(struct pnp_dev *pdev,
 					       const struct pnp_device_id *id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	int err;
 	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct pnp_dev *cdev;
+	char cid[PNP_ID_LEN];
 
 	if (pnp_device_is_isapnp(pdev))
 		return -ENOENT;	/* we have another procedure - card */
@@ -594,10 +579,19 @@ static int __devinit snd_cs4232_pnpbios_detect(struct pnp_dev *pdev,
 	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	card = snd_cs423x_card_new(dev);
-	if (! card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-	if ((err = snd_card_cs4232_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pdev)) < 0) {
+	/* prepare second id */
+	strcpy(cid, pdev->id[0].id);
+	cid[5] = '1';
+	cdev = NULL;
+	list_for_each_entry(cdev, &(pdev->protocol->devices), protocol_list) {
+		if (!strcmp(cdev->id[0].id, cid))
+			break;
+	}
+	err = snd_cs423x_card_new(dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_card_cs423x_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pdev, cdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		printk(KERN_ERR "PnP BIOS detection failed for " IDENT "\n");
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
@@ -612,35 +606,34 @@ static int __devinit snd_cs4232_pnpbios_detect(struct pnp_dev *pdev,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void __devexit snd_cs4232_pnp_remove(struct pnp_dev * pdev)
+static void __devexit snd_cs423x_pnp_remove(struct pnp_dev *pdev)
 {
 	snd_card_free(pnp_get_drvdata(pdev));
 	pnp_set_drvdata(pdev, NULL);
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM
-static int snd_cs4232_pnp_suspend(struct pnp_dev *pdev, pm_message_t state)
+static int snd_cs423x_pnp_suspend(struct pnp_dev *pdev, pm_message_t state)
 {
 	return snd_cs423x_suspend(pnp_get_drvdata(pdev));
 }
 
-static int snd_cs4232_pnp_resume(struct pnp_dev *pdev)
+static int snd_cs423x_pnp_resume(struct pnp_dev *pdev)
 {
 	return snd_cs423x_resume(pnp_get_drvdata(pdev));
 }
 #endif
 
-static struct pnp_driver cs4232_pnp_driver = {
-	.name = "cs4232-pnpbios",
-	.id_table = snd_cs4232_pnpbiosids,
-	.probe = snd_cs4232_pnpbios_detect,
-	.remove = __devexit_p(snd_cs4232_pnp_remove),
+static struct pnp_driver cs423x_pnp_driver = {
+	.name = "cs423x-pnpbios",
+	.id_table = snd_cs423x_pnpbiosids,
+	.probe = snd_cs423x_pnpbios_detect,
+	.remove = __devexit_p(snd_cs423x_pnp_remove),
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM
-	.suspend	= snd_cs4232_pnp_suspend,
-	.resume		= snd_cs4232_pnp_resume,
+	.suspend	= snd_cs423x_pnp_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_cs423x_pnp_resume,
 #endif
 };
-#endif /* CS4232 */
 
 static int __devinit snd_cs423x_pnpc_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 					    const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
@@ -656,9 +649,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_cs423x_pnpc_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	card = snd_cs423x_card_new(dev);
-	if (! card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	res = snd_cs423x_card_new(dev, &card);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
 	if ((res = snd_card_cs423x_pnpc(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid)) < 0) {
 		printk(KERN_ERR "isapnp detection failed and probing for " IDENT
 		       " is not supported\n");
@@ -714,18 +707,14 @@ static int __init alsa_card_cs423x_init(void)
 #ifdef CONFIG_PNP
 	if (!err)
 		isa_registered = 1;
-#ifdef CS4232
-	err = pnp_register_driver(&cs4232_pnp_driver);
+	err = pnp_register_driver(&cs423x_pnp_driver);
 	if (!err)
 		pnp_registered = 1;
-#endif
 	err = pnp_register_card_driver(&cs423x_pnpc_driver);
 	if (!err)
 		pnpc_registered = 1;
-#ifdef CS4232
 	if (pnp_registered)
 		err = 0;
-#endif
 	if (isa_registered)
 		err = 0;
 #endif
@@ -737,10 +726,8 @@ static void __exit alsa_card_cs423x_exit(void)
 #ifdef CONFIG_PNP
 	if (pnpc_registered)
 		pnp_unregister_card_driver(&cs423x_pnpc_driver);
-#ifdef CS4232
 	if (pnp_registered)
-		pnp_unregister_driver(&cs4232_pnp_driver);
-#endif
+		pnp_unregister_driver(&cs423x_pnp_driver);
 	if (isa_registered)
 #endif
 		isa_unregister_driver(&cs423x_isa_driver);
diff --git a/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236_lib.c b/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236_lib.c
index 6a85fdc53b60..38835f31298b 100644
--- a/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236_lib.c
+++ b/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236_lib.c
@@ -88,10 +88,6 @@
 #include <sound/wss.h>
 #include <sound/asoundef.h>
 
-MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
-MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Routines for control of CS4235/4236B/4237B/4238B/4239 chips");
-MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
-
 /*
  *
  */
@@ -286,7 +282,8 @@ int snd_cs4236_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	if (hardware == WSS_HW_DETECT)
 		hardware = WSS_HW_DETECT3;
 	if (cport < 0x100) {
-		snd_printk("please, specify control port for CS4236+ chips\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "please, specify control port "
+			   "for CS4236+ chips\n");
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
 	err = snd_wss_create(card, port, cport,
@@ -295,7 +292,8 @@ int snd_cs4236_create(struct snd_card *card,
 		return err;
 
 	if (!(chip->hardware & WSS_HW_CS4236B_MASK)) {
-	        snd_printk("CS4236+: MODE3 and extended registers not available, hardware=0x%x\n",chip->hardware);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "CS4236+: MODE3 and extended registers "
+			   "not available, hardware=0x%x\n", chip->hardware);
 		snd_device_free(card, chip);
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
@@ -303,16 +301,19 @@ int snd_cs4236_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	{
 		int idx;
 		for (idx = 0; idx < 8; idx++)
-			snd_printk("CD%i = 0x%x\n", idx, inb(chip->cport + idx));
+			snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "CD%i = 0x%x\n",
+				   idx, inb(chip->cport + idx));
 		for (idx = 0; idx < 9; idx++)
-			snd_printk("C%i = 0x%x\n", idx, snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, idx));
+			snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "C%i = 0x%x\n",
+				   idx, snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, idx));
 	}
 #endif
 	ver1 = snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, 1);
 	ver2 = snd_cs4236_ext_in(chip, CS4236_VERSION);
 	snd_printdd("CS4236: [0x%lx] C1 (version) = 0x%x, ext = 0x%x\n", cport, ver1, ver2);
 	if (ver1 != ver2) {
-		snd_printk("CS4236+ chip detected, but control port 0x%lx is not valid\n", cport);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "CS4236+ chip detected, but "
+			   "control port 0x%lx is not valid\n", cport);
 		snd_device_free(card, chip);
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
@@ -883,7 +884,8 @@ static int snd_cs4236_get_iec958_switch(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct sn
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
 	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1] & 0x02 ? 1 : 0;
 #if 0
-	printk("get valid: ALT = 0x%x, C3 = 0x%x, C4 = 0x%x, C5 = 0x%x, C6 = 0x%x, C8 = 0x%x\n",
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG "get valid: ALT = 0x%x, C3 = 0x%x, C4 = 0x%x, "
+	       "C5 = 0x%x, C6 = 0x%x, C8 = 0x%x\n",
 			snd_wss_in(chip, CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1),
 			snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, 3),
 			snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, 4),
@@ -920,7 +922,8 @@ static int snd_cs4236_put_iec958_switch(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct sn
 	mutex_unlock(&chip->mce_mutex);
 
 #if 0
-	printk("set valid: ALT = 0x%x, C3 = 0x%x, C4 = 0x%x, C5 = 0x%x, C6 = 0x%x, C8 = 0x%x\n",
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG "set valid: ALT = 0x%x, C3 = 0x%x, C4 = 0x%x, "
+	       "C5 = 0x%x, C6 = 0x%x, C8 = 0x%x\n",
 			snd_wss_in(chip, CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1),
 			snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, 3),
 			snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, 4),
@@ -1015,23 +1018,3 @@ int snd_cs4236_mixer(struct snd_wss *chip)
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_cs4236_create);
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_cs4236_pcm);
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_cs4236_mixer);
-
-/*
- *  INIT part
- */
-
-static int __init alsa_cs4236_init(void)
-{
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void __exit alsa_cs4236_exit(void)
-{
-}
-
-module_init(alsa_cs4236_init)
-module_exit(alsa_cs4236_exit)
diff --git a/sound/isa/dt019x.c b/sound/isa/dt019x.c
index a0242c3b613e..80f5b1af9be8 100644
--- a/sound/isa/dt019x.c
+++ b/sound/isa/dt019x.c
@@ -150,9 +150,10 @@ static int __devinit snd_card_dt019x_probe(int dev, struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 	struct snd_card_dt019x *acard;
 	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
 
-	if ((card = snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
-				 sizeof(struct snd_card_dt019x))) == NULL)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	error = snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_card_dt019x), &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
 	acard = card->private_data;
 
 	snd_card_set_dev(card, &pcard->card->dev);
diff --git a/sound/isa/es1688/es1688.c b/sound/isa/es1688/es1688.c
index b46377139cf8..442b081cafb7 100644
--- a/sound/isa/es1688/es1688.c
+++ b/sound/isa/es1688/es1688.c
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
 static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
 static int enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE;	/* Enable this card */
 static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* 0x220,0x240,0x260 */
+static long fm_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* Usually 0x388 */
 static long mpu_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = -1};
 static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 5,7,9,10 */
 static int mpu_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 5,7,9,10 */
@@ -65,6 +66,8 @@ MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
 module_param_array(mpu_port, long, NULL, 0444);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_port, "MPU-401 port # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
 module_param_array(irq, int, NULL, 0444);
+module_param_array(fm_port, long, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(fm_port, "FM port # for ES1688 driver.");
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
 module_param_array(mpu_irq, int, NULL, 0444);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_irq, "MPU-401 IRQ # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
@@ -122,9 +125,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_es1688_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int error;
 
-	card = snd_card_new(index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE, 0);
-	if (!card)
-		return -EINVAL;
+	error = snd_card_create(index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE, 0, &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	error = snd_es1688_legacy_create(card, dev, n, &chip);
 	if (error < 0)
@@ -143,13 +146,19 @@ static int __devinit snd_es1688_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
 	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %i, dma %i", pcm->name,
 		chip->port, chip->irq, chip->dma8);
 
-	if (snd_opl3_create(card, chip->port, chip->port + 2,
-			OPL3_HW_OPL3, 0, &opl3) < 0)
-		dev_warn(dev, "opl3 not detected at 0x%lx\n", chip->port);
-	else {
-		error =	snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
-		if (error < 0)
-			goto out;
+	if (fm_port[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
+		fm_port[n] = port[n];	/* share the same port */
+
+	if (fm_port[n] > 0) {
+		if (snd_opl3_create(card, fm_port[n], fm_port[n] + 2,
+				OPL3_HW_OPL3, 0, &opl3) < 0)
+			dev_warn(dev,
+				 "opl3 not detected at 0x%lx\n", fm_port[n]);
+		else {
+			error =	snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+			if (error < 0)
+				goto out;
+		}
 	}
 
 	if (mpu_irq[n] >= 0 && mpu_irq[n] != SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ &&
diff --git a/sound/isa/es1688/es1688_lib.c b/sound/isa/es1688/es1688_lib.c
index 4fbb508a817f..4c6e14f87f2d 100644
--- a/sound/isa/es1688/es1688_lib.c
+++ b/sound/isa/es1688/es1688_lib.c
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ static int snd_es1688_dsp_command(struct snd_es1688 *chip, unsigned char val)
 			return 1;
 		}
 #ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
-	printk("snd_es1688_dsp_command: timeout (0x%x)\n", val);
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG "snd_es1688_dsp_command: timeout (0x%x)\n", val);
 #endif
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -167,13 +167,16 @@ static int snd_es1688_probe(struct snd_es1688 *chip)
 	hw = ES1688_HW_AUTO;
 	switch (chip->version & 0xfff0) {
 	case 0x4880:
-		snd_printk("[0x%lx] ESS: AudioDrive ES488 detected, but driver is in another place\n", chip->port);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "[0x%lx] ESS: AudioDrive ES488 detected, "
+			   "but driver is in another place\n", chip->port);
 		return -ENODEV;
 	case 0x6880:
 		hw = (chip->version & 0x0f) >= 8 ? ES1688_HW_1688 : ES1688_HW_688;
 		break;
 	default:
-		snd_printk("[0x%lx] ESS: unknown AudioDrive chip with version 0x%x (Jazz16 soundcard?)\n", chip->port, chip->version);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "[0x%lx] ESS: unknown AudioDrive chip "
+			   "with version 0x%x (Jazz16 soundcard?)\n",
+			   chip->port, chip->version);
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
 
@@ -223,7 +226,7 @@ static int snd_es1688_init(struct snd_es1688 * chip, int enable)
 		}
 	}
 #if 0
-	snd_printk("mpu cfg = 0x%x\n", cfg);
+	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "mpu cfg = 0x%x\n", cfg);
 #endif
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
 	snd_es1688_mixer_write(chip, 0x40, cfg);
@@ -237,7 +240,9 @@ static int snd_es1688_init(struct snd_es1688 * chip, int enable)
 		cfg = 0xf0;	/* enable only DMA counter interrupt */
 		irq_bits = irqs[chip->irq & 0x0f];
 		if (irq_bits < 0) {
-			snd_printk("[0x%lx] ESS: bad IRQ %d for ES1688 chip!!\n", chip->port, chip->irq);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "[0x%lx] ESS: bad IRQ %d "
+				   "for ES1688 chip!!\n",
+				   chip->port, chip->irq);
 #if 0
 			irq_bits = 0;
 			cfg = 0x10;
@@ -250,7 +255,8 @@ static int snd_es1688_init(struct snd_es1688 * chip, int enable)
 		cfg = 0xf0;	/* extended mode DMA enable */
 		dma = chip->dma8;
 		if (dma > 3 || dma == 2) {
-			snd_printk("[0x%lx] ESS: bad DMA channel %d for ES1688 chip!!\n", chip->port, dma);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "[0x%lx] ESS: bad DMA channel %d "
+				   "for ES1688 chip!!\n", chip->port, dma);
 #if 0
 			dma_bits = 0;
 			cfg = 0x00;	/* disable all DMA */
@@ -341,8 +347,9 @@ static int snd_es1688_trigger(struct snd_es1688 *chip, int cmd, unsigned char va
 		return -EINVAL;	/* something is wrong */
 	}
 #if 0
-	printk("trigger: val = 0x%x, value = 0x%x\n", val, value);
-	printk("trigger: pointer = 0x%x\n", snd_dma_pointer(chip->dma8, chip->dma_size));
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG "trigger: val = 0x%x, value = 0x%x\n", val, value);
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG "trigger: pointer = 0x%x\n",
+	       snd_dma_pointer(chip->dma8, chip->dma_size));
 #endif
 	snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb8, (val & 0xf0) | value);
 	spin_unlock(&chip->reg_lock);
diff --git a/sound/isa/es18xx.c b/sound/isa/es18xx.c
index 90498e4ca260..8cfbff73a835 100644
--- a/sound/isa/es18xx.c
+++ b/sound/isa/es18xx.c
@@ -2125,10 +2125,10 @@ static int __devinit snd_audiodrive_pnpc(int dev, struct snd_audiodrive *acard,
 #define is_isapnp_selected(dev)		0
 #endif
 
-static struct snd_card *snd_es18xx_card_new(int dev)
+static int snd_es18xx_card_new(int dev, struct snd_card **cardp)
 {
-	return snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
-			    sizeof(struct snd_audiodrive));
+	return snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+			       sizeof(struct snd_audiodrive), cardp);
 }
 
 static int __devinit snd_audiodrive_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
@@ -2197,9 +2197,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_es18xx_isa_probe1(int dev, struct device *devptr)
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	int err;
 
-	card = snd_es18xx_card_new(dev);
-	if (! card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = snd_es18xx_card_new(dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 	snd_card_set_dev(card, devptr);
 	if ((err = snd_audiodrive_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
@@ -2303,9 +2303,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_audiodrive_pnp_detect(struct pnp_dev *pdev,
 	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	card = snd_es18xx_card_new(dev);
-	if (! card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = snd_es18xx_card_new(dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 	if ((err = snd_audiodrive_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pdev)) < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
@@ -2362,9 +2362,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_audiodrive_pnpc_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	card = snd_es18xx_card_new(dev);
-	if (! card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	res = snd_es18xx_card_new(dev, &card);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
 
 	if ((res = snd_audiodrive_pnpc(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid)) < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_dma.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_dma.c
index f45f6116c77a..36c27c832360 100644
--- a/sound/isa/gus/gus_dma.c
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_dma.c
@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@ static void snd_gf1_dma_program(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
 	unsigned char dma_cmd;
 	unsigned int address_high;
 
-	// snd_printk("dma_transfer: addr=0x%x, buf=0x%lx, count=0x%x\n", addr, (long) buf, count);
+	snd_printdd("dma_transfer: addr=0x%x, buf=0x%lx, count=0x%x\n",
+		    addr, buf_addr, count);
 
 	if (gus->gf1.dma1 > 3) {
 		if (gus->gf1.enh_mode) {
@@ -77,7 +78,8 @@ static void snd_gf1_dma_program(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
 	snd_gf1_dma_ack(gus);
 	snd_dma_program(gus->gf1.dma1, buf_addr, count, dma_cmd & SNDRV_GF1_DMA_READ ? DMA_MODE_READ : DMA_MODE_WRITE);
 #if 0
-	snd_printk("address = 0x%x, count = 0x%x, dma_cmd = 0x%x\n", address << 1, count, dma_cmd);
+	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "address = 0x%x, count = 0x%x, dma_cmd = 0x%x\n",
+		   address << 1, count, dma_cmd);
 #endif
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&gus->reg_lock, flags);
 	if (gus->gf1.enh_mode) {
@@ -142,7 +144,9 @@ static void snd_gf1_dma_interrupt(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
 	snd_gf1_dma_program(gus, block->addr, block->buf_addr, block->count, (unsigned short) block->cmd);
 	kfree(block);
 #if 0
-	printk("program dma (IRQ) - addr = 0x%x, buffer = 0x%lx, count = 0x%x, cmd = 0x%x\n", addr, (long) buffer, count, cmd);
+	snd_printd(KERN_DEBUG "program dma (IRQ) - "
+		   "addr = 0x%x, buffer = 0x%lx, count = 0x%x, cmd = 0x%x\n",
+		   block->addr, block->buf_addr, block->count, block->cmd);
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -203,13 +207,16 @@ int snd_gf1_dma_transfer_block(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
 	}
 	*block = *__block;
 	block->next = NULL;
-#if 0
-	printk("addr = 0x%x, buffer = 0x%lx, count = 0x%x, cmd = 0x%x\n", block->addr, (long) block->buffer, block->count, block->cmd);
-#endif
-#if 0
-	printk("gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm_last = 0x%lx\n", (long)gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm_last);
-	printk("gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm = 0x%lx\n", (long)gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm);
-#endif
+
+	snd_printdd("addr = 0x%x, buffer = 0x%lx, count = 0x%x, cmd = 0x%x\n",
+		    block->addr, (long) block->buffer, block->count,
+		    block->cmd);
+
+	snd_printdd("gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm_last = 0x%lx\n",
+		    (long)gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm_last);
+	snd_printdd("gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm = 0x%lx\n",
+		    (long)gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm);
+
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&gus->dma_lock, flags);
 	if (synth) {
 		if (gus->gf1.dma_data_synth_last) {
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_irq.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_irq.c
index 041894ddd014..2055aff71b50 100644
--- a/sound/isa/gus/gus_irq.c
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_irq.c
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ __again:
 	if (status == 0)
 		return IRQ_RETVAL(handled);
 	handled = 1;
-	// snd_printk("IRQ: status = 0x%x\n", status);
+	/* snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "IRQ: status = 0x%x\n", status); */
 	if (status & 0x02) {
 		STAT_ADD(gus->gf1.interrupt_stat_midi_in);
 		if (gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_midi_in)
@@ -65,7 +65,9 @@ __again:
 				continue;	/* multi request */
 			already |= _current_;	/* mark request */
 #if 0
-			printk("voice = %i, voice_status = 0x%x, voice_verify = %i\n", voice, voice_status, inb(GUSP(gus, GF1PAGE)));
+			printk(KERN_DEBUG "voice = %i, voice_status = 0x%x, "
+			       "voice_verify = %i\n",
+			       voice, voice_status, inb(GUSP(gus, GF1PAGE)));
 #endif
 			pvoice = &gus->gf1.voices[voice]; 
 			if (pvoice->use) {
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_pcm.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_pcm.c
index 38510aeb21c6..edb11eefdfe3 100644
--- a/sound/isa/gus/gus_pcm.c
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_pcm.c
@@ -82,7 +82,10 @@ static int snd_gf1_pcm_block_change(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 
 	count += offset & 31;
 	offset &= ~31;
-	// snd_printk("block change - offset = 0x%x, count = 0x%x\n", offset, count);
+	/*
+	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "block change - offset = 0x%x, count = 0x%x\n",
+		   offset, count);
+	*/
 	memset(&block, 0, sizeof(block));
 	block.cmd = SNDRV_GF1_DMA_IRQ;
 	if (snd_pcm_format_unsigned(runtime->format))
@@ -135,7 +138,11 @@ static void snd_gf1_pcm_trigger_up(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 		curr = begin + (pcmp->bpos * pcmp->block_size) / runtime->channels;
 		end = curr + (pcmp->block_size / runtime->channels);
 		end -= snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 16 ? 2 : 1;
-		// snd_printk("init: curr=0x%x, begin=0x%x, end=0x%x, ctrl=0x%x, ramp=0x%x, rate=0x%x\n", curr, begin, end, voice_ctrl, ramp_ctrl, rate);
+		/*
+		snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "init: curr=0x%x, begin=0x%x, end=0x%x, "
+			   "ctrl=0x%x, ramp=0x%x, rate=0x%x\n",
+			   curr, begin, end, voice_ctrl, ramp_ctrl, rate);
+		*/
 		pan = runtime->channels == 2 ? (!voice ? 1 : 14) : 8;
 		vol = !voice ? gus->gf1.pcm_volume_level_left : gus->gf1.pcm_volume_level_right;
 		spin_lock_irqsave(&gus->reg_lock, flags);
@@ -205,9 +212,11 @@ static void snd_gf1_pcm_interrupt_wave(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
 	ramp_ctrl = (snd_gf1_read8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_CONTROL) & ~0xa4) | 0x03;
 #if 0
 	snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, pvoice->number);
-	printk("position = 0x%x\n", (snd_gf1_read_addr(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VA_CURRENT, voice_ctrl & 4) >> 4));
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG "position = 0x%x\n",
+	       (snd_gf1_read_addr(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VA_CURRENT, voice_ctrl & 4) >> 4));
 	snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, pcmp->pvoices[1]->number);
-	printk("position = 0x%x\n", (snd_gf1_read_addr(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VA_CURRENT, voice_ctrl & 4) >> 4));
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG "position = 0x%x\n",
+	       (snd_gf1_read_addr(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VA_CURRENT, voice_ctrl & 4) >> 4));
 	snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, pvoice->number);
 #endif
 	pcmp->bpos++;
@@ -299,7 +308,11 @@ static int snd_gf1_pcm_poke_block(struct snd_gus_card *gus, unsigned char *buf,
 	unsigned int len;
 	unsigned long flags;
 
-	// printk("poke block; buf = 0x%x, pos = %i, count = %i, port = 0x%x\n", (int)buf, pos, count, gus->gf1.port);
+	/*
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG
+	       "poke block; buf = 0x%x, pos = %i, count = %i, port = 0x%x\n",
+	       (int)buf, pos, count, gus->gf1.port);
+	*/
 	while (count > 0) {
 		len = count;
 		if (len > 512)		/* limit, to allow IRQ */
@@ -680,7 +693,8 @@ static int snd_gf1_pcm_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	runtime->private_free = snd_gf1_pcm_playback_free;
 
 #if 0
-	printk("playback.buffer = 0x%lx, gf1.pcm_buffer = 0x%lx\n", (long) pcm->playback.buffer, (long) gus->gf1.pcm_buffer);
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG "playback.buffer = 0x%lx, gf1.pcm_buffer = 0x%lx\n",
+	       (long) pcm->playback.buffer, (long) gus->gf1.pcm_buffer);
 #endif
 	if ((err = snd_gf1_dma_init(gus)) < 0)
 		return err;
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_uart.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_uart.c
index f0af3f79b08b..21cc42e4c4be 100644
--- a/sound/isa/gus/gus_uart.c
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_uart.c
@@ -129,8 +129,14 @@ static int snd_gf1_uart_input_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 	}
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&gus->uart_cmd_lock, flags);
 #if 0
-	snd_printk("read init - enable = %i, cmd = 0x%x, stat = 0x%x\n", gus->uart_enable, gus->gf1.uart_cmd, snd_gf1_uart_stat(gus));
-	snd_printk("[0x%x] reg (ctrl/status) = 0x%x, reg (data) = 0x%x (page = 0x%x)\n", gus->gf1.port + 0x100, inb(gus->gf1.port + 0x100), inb(gus->gf1.port + 0x101), inb(gus->gf1.port + 0x102));
+	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG
+		   "read init - enable = %i, cmd = 0x%x, stat = 0x%x\n",
+		   gus->uart_enable, gus->gf1.uart_cmd, snd_gf1_uart_stat(gus));
+	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG
+		   "[0x%x] reg (ctrl/status) = 0x%x, reg (data) = 0x%x "
+		   "(page = 0x%x)\n",
+		   gus->gf1.port + 0x100, inb(gus->gf1.port + 0x100),
+		   inb(gus->gf1.port + 0x101), inb(gus->gf1.port + 0x102));
 #endif
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gusclassic.c b/sound/isa/gus/gusclassic.c
index 426532a4d730..086b8f0e0f94 100644
--- a/sound/isa/gus/gusclassic.c
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gusclassic.c
@@ -148,9 +148,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_gusclassic_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
 	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
 	int error;
 
-	card = snd_card_new(index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE, 0);
-	if (!card)
-		return -EINVAL;
+	error = snd_card_create(index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE, 0, &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	if (pcm_channels[n] < 2)
 		pcm_channels[n] = 2;
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gusextreme.c b/sound/isa/gus/gusextreme.c
index 7ad4c3b41a84..180a8dea6bd9 100644
--- a/sound/isa/gus/gusextreme.c
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gusextreme.c
@@ -241,9 +241,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_gusextreme_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
 	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
 	int error;
 
-	card = snd_card_new(index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE, 0);
-	if (!card)
-		return -EINVAL;
+	error = snd_card_create(index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE, 0, &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	if (mpu_port[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
 		mpu_port[n] = 0;
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gusmax.c b/sound/isa/gus/gusmax.c
index f94c1976e632..f26eac8d8110 100644
--- a/sound/isa/gus/gusmax.c
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gusmax.c
@@ -214,10 +214,10 @@ static int __devinit snd_gusmax_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
 	struct snd_wss *wss;
 	struct snd_gusmax *maxcard;
 
-	card = snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
-			    sizeof(struct snd_gusmax));
-	if (card == NULL)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+			      sizeof(struct snd_gusmax), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 	card->private_free = snd_gusmax_free;
 	maxcard = (struct snd_gusmax *)card->private_data;
 	maxcard->card = card;
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/interwave.c b/sound/isa/gus/interwave.c
index 5faecfb602d3..534a6eced2b8 100644
--- a/sound/isa/gus/interwave.c
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/interwave.c
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ static void snd_interwave_i2c_setlines(struct snd_i2c_bus *bus, int ctrl, int da
 	unsigned long port = bus->private_value;
 
 #if 0
-	printk("i2c_setlines - 0x%lx <- %i,%i\n", port, ctrl, data);
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG "i2c_setlines - 0x%lx <- %i,%i\n", port, ctrl, data);
 #endif
 	outb((data << 1) | ctrl, port);
 	udelay(10);
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ static int snd_interwave_i2c_getclockline(struct snd_i2c_bus *bus)
 
 	res = inb(port) & 1;
 #if 0
-	printk("i2c_getclockline - 0x%lx -> %i\n", port, res);
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG "i2c_getclockline - 0x%lx -> %i\n", port, res);
 #endif
 	return res;
 }
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ static int snd_interwave_i2c_getdataline(struct snd_i2c_bus *bus, int ack)
 		udelay(10);
 	res = (inb(port) & 2) >> 1;
 #if 0
-	printk("i2c_getdataline - 0x%lx -> %i\n", port, res);
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG "i2c_getdataline - 0x%lx -> %i\n", port, res);
 #endif
 	return res;
 }
@@ -342,7 +342,8 @@ static void __devinit snd_interwave_bank_sizes(struct snd_gus_card * gus, int *s
 			snd_gf1_poke(gus, local, d);
 			snd_gf1_poke(gus, local + 1, d + 1);
 #if 0
-			printk("d = 0x%x, local = 0x%x, local + 1 = 0x%x, idx << 22 = 0x%x\n",
+			printk(KERN_DEBUG "d = 0x%x, local = 0x%x, "
+			       "local + 1 = 0x%x, idx << 22 = 0x%x\n",
 			       d,
 			       snd_gf1_peek(gus, local),
 			       snd_gf1_peek(gus, local + 1),
@@ -356,7 +357,8 @@ static void __devinit snd_interwave_bank_sizes(struct snd_gus_card * gus, int *s
 		}
 	}
 #if 0
-	printk("sizes: %i %i %i %i\n", sizes[0], sizes[1], sizes[2], sizes[3]);
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG "sizes: %i %i %i %i\n",
+	       sizes[0], sizes[1], sizes[2], sizes[3]);
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -410,12 +412,12 @@ static void __devinit snd_interwave_detect_memory(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
 		lmct = (psizes[3] << 24) | (psizes[2] << 16) |
 		    (psizes[1] << 8) | psizes[0];
 #if 0
-		printk("lmct = 0x%08x\n", lmct);
+		printk(KERN_DEBUG "lmct = 0x%08x\n", lmct);
 #endif
 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(lmc); i++)
 			if (lmct == lmc[i]) {
 #if 0
-				printk("found !!! %i\n", i);
+				printk(KERN_DEBUG "found !!! %i\n", i);
 #endif
 				snd_gf1_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GW_MEMORY_CONFIG, (snd_gf1_look16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GW_MEMORY_CONFIG) & 0xfff0) | i);
 				snd_interwave_bank_sizes(gus, psizes);
@@ -626,20 +628,22 @@ static void snd_interwave_free(struct snd_card *card)
 		free_irq(iwcard->irq, (void *)iwcard);
 }
 
-static struct snd_card *snd_interwave_card_new(int dev)
+static int snd_interwave_card_new(int dev, struct snd_card **cardp)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	struct snd_interwave *iwcard;
+	int err;
 
-	card = snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
-			    sizeof(struct snd_interwave));
-	if (card == NULL)
-		return NULL;
+	err = snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+			      sizeof(struct snd_interwave), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 	iwcard = card->private_data;
 	iwcard->card = card;
 	iwcard->irq = -1;
 	card->private_free = snd_interwave_free;
-	return card;
+	*cardp = card;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int __devinit snd_interwave_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
@@ -778,9 +782,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_interwave_isa_probe1(int dev, struct device *devptr)
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	int err;
 
-	card = snd_interwave_card_new(dev);
-	if (! card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = snd_interwave_card_new(dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 
 	snd_card_set_dev(card, devptr);
 	if ((err = snd_interwave_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
@@ -876,9 +880,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_interwave_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
 		return -ENODEV;
 				
-	card = snd_interwave_card_new(dev);
-	if (! card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	res = snd_interwave_card_new(dev, &card);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
 
 	if ((res = snd_interwave_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid)) < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/Makefile b/sound/isa/msnd/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2171c0aa2f62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+
+snd-msnd-lib-objs := msnd.o msnd_midi.o msnd_pinnacle_mixer.o
+snd-msnd-pinnacle-objs := msnd_pinnacle.o
+snd-msnd-classic-objs := msnd_classic.o
+
+# Toplevel Module Dependency
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_MSND_PINNACLE) += snd-msnd-pinnacle.o snd-msnd-lib.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_MSND_CLASSIC) += snd-msnd-classic.o snd-msnd-lib.o
+
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.c b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..906454413ed2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.c
@@ -0,0 +1,705 @@
+/*********************************************************************
+ *
+ * 2002/06/30 Karsten Wiese:
+ *	removed kernel-version dependencies.
+ *	ripped from linux kernel 2.4.18 (OSS Implementation) by me.
+ *	In the OSS Version, this file is compiled to a separate MODULE,
+ *	that is used by the pinnacle and the classic driver.
+ *	since there is no classic driver for alsa yet (i dont have a classic
+ *	& writing one blindfold is difficult) this file's object is statically
+ *	linked into the pinnacle-driver-module for now.	look for the string
+ *		"uncomment this to make this a module again"
+ *	to do guess what.
+ *
+ * the following is a copy of the 2.4.18 OSS FREE file-heading comment:
+ *
+ * msnd.c - Driver Base
+ *
+ * Turtle Beach MultiSound Sound Card Driver for Linux
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1998 Andrew Veliath
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+ *
+ ********************************************************************/
+
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+#include <sound/pcm.h>
+#include <sound/pcm_params.h>
+
+#include "msnd.h"
+
+#define LOGNAME			"msnd"
+
+
+void snd_msnd_init_queue(void *base, int start, int size)
+{
+	writew(PCTODSP_BASED(start), base + JQS_wStart);
+	writew(PCTODSP_OFFSET(size) - 1, base + JQS_wSize);
+	writew(0, base + JQS_wHead);
+	writew(0, base + JQS_wTail);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_init_queue);
+
+static int snd_msnd_wait_TXDE(struct snd_msnd *dev)
+{
+	unsigned int io = dev->io;
+	int timeout = 1000;
+
+	while (timeout-- > 0)
+		if (inb(io + HP_ISR) & HPISR_TXDE)
+			return 0;
+
+	return -EIO;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_wait_HC0(struct snd_msnd *dev)
+{
+	unsigned int io = dev->io;
+	int timeout = 1000;
+
+	while (timeout-- > 0)
+		if (!(inb(io + HP_CVR) & HPCVR_HC))
+			return 0;
+
+	return -EIO;
+}
+
+int snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(struct snd_msnd *dev, u8 cmd)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->lock, flags);
+	if (snd_msnd_wait_HC0(dev) == 0) {
+		outb(cmd, dev->io + HP_CVR);
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->lock, flags);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->lock, flags);
+
+	snd_printd(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": Send DSP command timeout\n");
+
+	return -EIO;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd);
+
+int snd_msnd_send_word(struct snd_msnd *dev, unsigned char high,
+		   unsigned char mid, unsigned char low)
+{
+	unsigned int io = dev->io;
+
+	if (snd_msnd_wait_TXDE(dev) == 0) {
+		outb(high, io + HP_TXH);
+		outb(mid, io + HP_TXM);
+		outb(low, io + HP_TXL);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	snd_printd(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": Send host word timeout\n");
+
+	return -EIO;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_send_word);
+
+int snd_msnd_upload_host(struct snd_msnd *dev, const u8 *bin, int len)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (len % 3 != 0) {
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME
+			   ": Upload host data not multiple of 3!\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i += 3)
+		if (snd_msnd_send_word(dev, bin[i], bin[i + 1], bin[i + 2]))
+			return -EIO;
+
+	inb(dev->io + HP_RXL);
+	inb(dev->io + HP_CVR);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_upload_host);
+
+int snd_msnd_enable_irq(struct snd_msnd *dev)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	if (dev->irq_ref++)
+		return 0;
+
+	snd_printdd(LOGNAME ": Enabling IRQ\n");
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->lock, flags);
+	if (snd_msnd_wait_TXDE(dev) == 0) {
+		outb(inb(dev->io + HP_ICR) | HPICR_TREQ, dev->io + HP_ICR);
+		if (dev->type == msndClassic)
+			outb(dev->irqid, dev->io + HP_IRQM);
+
+		outb(inb(dev->io + HP_ICR) & ~HPICR_TREQ, dev->io + HP_ICR);
+		outb(inb(dev->io + HP_ICR) | HPICR_RREQ, dev->io + HP_ICR);
+		enable_irq(dev->irq);
+		snd_msnd_init_queue(dev->DSPQ, dev->dspq_data_buff,
+				    dev->dspq_buff_size);
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->lock, flags);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->lock, flags);
+
+	snd_printd(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": Enable IRQ failed\n");
+
+	return -EIO;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_enable_irq);
+
+int snd_msnd_disable_irq(struct snd_msnd *dev)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	if (--dev->irq_ref > 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (dev->irq_ref < 0)
+		snd_printd(KERN_WARNING LOGNAME ": IRQ ref count is %d\n",
+			   dev->irq_ref);
+
+	snd_printdd(LOGNAME ": Disabling IRQ\n");
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->lock, flags);
+	if (snd_msnd_wait_TXDE(dev) == 0) {
+		outb(inb(dev->io + HP_ICR) & ~HPICR_RREQ, dev->io + HP_ICR);
+		if (dev->type == msndClassic)
+			outb(HPIRQ_NONE, dev->io + HP_IRQM);
+		disable_irq(dev->irq);
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->lock, flags);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->lock, flags);
+
+	snd_printd(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": Disable IRQ failed\n");
+
+	return -EIO;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_disable_irq);
+
+static inline long get_play_delay_jiffies(struct snd_msnd *chip, long size)
+{
+	long tmp = (size * HZ * chip->play_sample_size) / 8;
+	return tmp / (chip->play_sample_rate * chip->play_channels);
+}
+
+static void snd_msnd_dsp_write_flush(struct snd_msnd *chip)
+{
+	if (!(chip->mode & FMODE_WRITE) || !test_bit(F_WRITING, &chip->flags))
+		return;
+	set_bit(F_WRITEFLUSH, &chip->flags);
+/*	interruptible_sleep_on_timeout(
+		&chip->writeflush,
+		get_play_delay_jiffies(&chip, chip->DAPF.len));*/
+	clear_bit(F_WRITEFLUSH, &chip->flags);
+	if (!signal_pending(current))
+		schedule_timeout_interruptible(
+			get_play_delay_jiffies(chip, chip->play_period_bytes));
+	clear_bit(F_WRITING, &chip->flags);
+}
+
+void snd_msnd_dsp_halt(struct snd_msnd *chip, struct file *file)
+{
+	if ((file ? file->f_mode : chip->mode) & FMODE_READ) {
+		clear_bit(F_READING, &chip->flags);
+		snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, HDEX_RECORD_STOP);
+		snd_msnd_disable_irq(chip);
+		if (file) {
+			snd_printd(KERN_INFO LOGNAME
+				   ": Stopping read for %p\n", file);
+			chip->mode &= ~FMODE_READ;
+		}
+		clear_bit(F_AUDIO_READ_INUSE, &chip->flags);
+	}
+	if ((file ? file->f_mode : chip->mode) & FMODE_WRITE) {
+		if (test_bit(F_WRITING, &chip->flags)) {
+			snd_msnd_dsp_write_flush(chip);
+			snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, HDEX_PLAY_STOP);
+		}
+		snd_msnd_disable_irq(chip);
+		if (file) {
+			snd_printd(KERN_INFO
+				   LOGNAME ": Stopping write for %p\n", file);
+			chip->mode &= ~FMODE_WRITE;
+		}
+		clear_bit(F_AUDIO_WRITE_INUSE, &chip->flags);
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_dsp_halt);
+
+
+int snd_msnd_DARQ(struct snd_msnd *chip, int bank)
+{
+	int /*size, n,*/ timeout = 3;
+	u16 wTmp;
+	/* void *DAQD; */
+
+	/* Increment the tail and check for queue wrap */
+	wTmp = readw(chip->DARQ + JQS_wTail) + PCTODSP_OFFSET(DAQDS__size);
+	if (wTmp > readw(chip->DARQ + JQS_wSize))
+		wTmp = 0;
+	while (wTmp == readw(chip->DARQ + JQS_wHead) && timeout--)
+		udelay(1);
+
+	if (chip->capturePeriods == 2) {
+		void *pDAQ = chip->mappedbase + DARQ_DATA_BUFF +
+			     bank * DAQDS__size + DAQDS_wStart;
+		unsigned short offset = 0x3000 + chip->capturePeriodBytes;
+
+		if (readw(pDAQ) != PCTODSP_BASED(0x3000))
+			offset = 0x3000;
+		writew(PCTODSP_BASED(offset), pDAQ);
+	}
+
+	writew(wTmp, chip->DARQ + JQS_wTail);
+
+#if 0
+	/* Get our digital audio queue struct */
+	DAQD = bank * DAQDS__size + chip->mappedbase + DARQ_DATA_BUFF;
+
+	/* Get length of data */
+	size = readw(DAQD + DAQDS_wSize);
+
+	/* Read data from the head (unprotected bank 1 access okay
+	   since this is only called inside an interrupt) */
+	outb(HPBLKSEL_1, chip->io + HP_BLKS);
+	n = msnd_fifo_write(&chip->DARF,
+			    (char *)(chip->base + bank * DAR_BUFF_SIZE),
+			    size, 0);
+	if (n <= 0) {
+		outb(HPBLKSEL_0, chip->io + HP_BLKS);
+		return n;
+	}
+	outb(HPBLKSEL_0, chip->io + HP_BLKS);
+#endif
+
+	return 1;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_DARQ);
+
+int snd_msnd_DAPQ(struct snd_msnd *chip, int start)
+{
+	u16	DAPQ_tail;
+	int	protect = start, nbanks = 0;
+	void	*DAQD;
+	static int play_banks_submitted;
+	/* unsigned long flags;
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->lock, flags); not necessary */
+
+	DAPQ_tail = readw(chip->DAPQ + JQS_wTail);
+	while (DAPQ_tail != readw(chip->DAPQ + JQS_wHead) || start) {
+		int bank_num = DAPQ_tail / PCTODSP_OFFSET(DAQDS__size);
+
+		if (start) {
+			start = 0;
+			play_banks_submitted = 0;
+		}
+
+		/* Get our digital audio queue struct */
+		DAQD = bank_num * DAQDS__size + chip->mappedbase +
+			DAPQ_DATA_BUFF;
+
+		/* Write size of this bank */
+		writew(chip->play_period_bytes, DAQD + DAQDS_wSize);
+		if (play_banks_submitted < 3)
+			++play_banks_submitted;
+		else if (chip->playPeriods == 2) {
+			unsigned short offset = chip->play_period_bytes;
+
+			if (readw(DAQD + DAQDS_wStart) != PCTODSP_BASED(0x0))
+				offset = 0;
+
+			writew(PCTODSP_BASED(offset), DAQD + DAQDS_wStart);
+		}
+		++nbanks;
+
+		/* Then advance the tail */
+		/*
+		if (protect)
+			snd_printd(KERN_INFO "B %X %lX\n",
+				   bank_num, xtime.tv_usec);
+		*/
+
+		DAPQ_tail = (++bank_num % 3) * PCTODSP_OFFSET(DAQDS__size);
+		writew(DAPQ_tail, chip->DAPQ + JQS_wTail);
+		/* Tell the DSP to play the bank */
+		snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, HDEX_PLAY_START);
+		if (protect)
+			if (2 == bank_num)
+				break;
+	}
+	/*
+	if (protect)
+		snd_printd(KERN_INFO "%lX\n", xtime.tv_usec);
+	*/
+	/* spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->lock, flags); not necessary */
+	return nbanks;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_DAPQ);
+
+static void snd_msnd_play_reset_queue(struct snd_msnd *chip,
+				      unsigned int pcm_periods,
+				      unsigned int pcm_count)
+{
+	int	n;
+	void	*pDAQ = chip->mappedbase + DAPQ_DATA_BUFF;
+
+	chip->last_playbank = -1;
+	chip->playLimit = pcm_count * (pcm_periods - 1);
+	chip->playPeriods = pcm_periods;
+	writew(PCTODSP_OFFSET(0 * DAQDS__size), chip->DAPQ + JQS_wHead);
+	writew(PCTODSP_OFFSET(0 * DAQDS__size), chip->DAPQ + JQS_wTail);
+
+	chip->play_period_bytes = pcm_count;
+
+	for (n = 0; n < pcm_periods; ++n, pDAQ += DAQDS__size) {
+		writew(PCTODSP_BASED((u32)(pcm_count * n)),
+			pDAQ + DAQDS_wStart);
+		writew(0, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSize);
+		writew(1, pDAQ + DAQDS_wFormat);
+		writew(chip->play_sample_size, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSampleSize);
+		writew(chip->play_channels, pDAQ + DAQDS_wChannels);
+		writew(chip->play_sample_rate, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSampleRate);
+		writew(HIMT_PLAY_DONE * 0x100 + n, pDAQ + DAQDS_wIntMsg);
+		writew(n, pDAQ + DAQDS_wFlags);
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_msnd_capture_reset_queue(struct snd_msnd *chip,
+					 unsigned int pcm_periods,
+					 unsigned int pcm_count)
+{
+	int		n;
+	void		*pDAQ;
+	/* unsigned long	flags; */
+
+	/* snd_msnd_init_queue(chip->DARQ, DARQ_DATA_BUFF, DARQ_BUFF_SIZE); */
+
+	chip->last_recbank = 2;
+	chip->captureLimit = pcm_count * (pcm_periods - 1);
+	chip->capturePeriods = pcm_periods;
+	writew(PCTODSP_OFFSET(0 * DAQDS__size), chip->DARQ + JQS_wHead);
+	writew(PCTODSP_OFFSET(chip->last_recbank * DAQDS__size),
+		chip->DARQ + JQS_wTail);
+
+#if 0 /* Critical section: bank 1 access. this is how the OSS driver does it:*/
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->lock, flags);
+	outb(HPBLKSEL_1, chip->io + HP_BLKS);
+	memset_io(chip->mappedbase, 0, DAR_BUFF_SIZE * 3);
+	outb(HPBLKSEL_0, chip->io + HP_BLKS);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->lock, flags);
+#endif
+
+	chip->capturePeriodBytes = pcm_count;
+	snd_printdd("snd_msnd_capture_reset_queue() %i\n", pcm_count);
+
+	pDAQ = chip->mappedbase + DARQ_DATA_BUFF;
+
+	for (n = 0; n < pcm_periods; ++n, pDAQ += DAQDS__size) {
+		u32 tmp = pcm_count * n;
+
+		writew(PCTODSP_BASED(tmp + 0x3000), pDAQ + DAQDS_wStart);
+		writew(pcm_count, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSize);
+		writew(1, pDAQ + DAQDS_wFormat);
+		writew(chip->capture_sample_size, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSampleSize);
+		writew(chip->capture_channels, pDAQ + DAQDS_wChannels);
+		writew(chip->capture_sample_rate, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSampleRate);
+		writew(HIMT_RECORD_DONE * 0x100 + n, pDAQ + DAQDS_wIntMsg);
+		writew(n, pDAQ + DAQDS_wFlags);
+	}
+}
+
+static struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_msnd_playback = {
+	.info =			SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID,
+	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		8000,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	0x3000,
+	.period_bytes_min =	0x40,
+	.period_bytes_max =	0x1800,
+	.periods_min =		2,
+	.periods_max =		3,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+static struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_msnd_capture = {
+	.info =			SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID,
+	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		8000,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	0x3000,
+	.period_bytes_min =	0x40,
+	.period_bytes_max =	0x1800,
+	.periods_min =		2,
+	.periods_max =		3,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+
+static int snd_msnd_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	set_bit(F_AUDIO_WRITE_INUSE, &chip->flags);
+	clear_bit(F_WRITING, &chip->flags);
+	snd_msnd_enable_irq(chip);
+
+	runtime->dma_area = chip->mappedbase;
+	runtime->dma_bytes = 0x3000;
+
+	chip->playback_substream = substream;
+	runtime->hw = snd_msnd_playback;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_playback_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	snd_msnd_disable_irq(chip);
+	clear_bit(F_AUDIO_WRITE_INUSE, &chip->flags);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+static int snd_msnd_playback_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+					struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params)
+{
+	int	i;
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	void	*pDAQ =	chip->mappedbase + DAPQ_DATA_BUFF;
+
+	chip->play_sample_size = snd_pcm_format_width(params_format(params));
+	chip->play_channels = params_channels(params);
+	chip->play_sample_rate = params_rate(params);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i, pDAQ += DAQDS__size) {
+		writew(chip->play_sample_size, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSampleSize);
+		writew(chip->play_channels, pDAQ + DAQDS_wChannels);
+		writew(chip->play_sample_rate, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSampleRate);
+	}
+	/* dont do this here:
+	 * snd_msnd_calibrate_adc(chip->play_sample_rate);
+	 */
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	unsigned int pcm_size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	unsigned int pcm_count = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
+	unsigned int pcm_periods = pcm_size / pcm_count;
+
+	snd_msnd_play_reset_queue(chip, pcm_periods, pcm_count);
+	chip->playDMAPos = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_playback_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				     int cmd)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	int	result = 0;
+
+	if (cmd == SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START) {
+		snd_printdd("snd_msnd_playback_trigger(START)\n");
+		chip->banksPlayed = 0;
+		set_bit(F_WRITING, &chip->flags);
+		snd_msnd_DAPQ(chip, 1);
+	} else if (cmd == SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP) {
+		snd_printdd("snd_msnd_playback_trigger(STop)\n");
+		/* interrupt diagnostic, comment this out later */
+		clear_bit(F_WRITING, &chip->flags);
+		snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, HDEX_PLAY_STOP);
+	} else {
+		snd_printd(KERN_ERR "snd_msnd_playback_trigger(?????)\n");
+		result = -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	snd_printdd("snd_msnd_playback_trigger() ENDE\n");
+	return result;
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t
+snd_msnd_playback_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	return bytes_to_frames(substream->runtime, chip->playDMAPos);
+}
+
+
+static struct snd_pcm_ops snd_msnd_playback_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_msnd_playback_open,
+	.close =	snd_msnd_playback_close,
+	.ioctl =	snd_pcm_lib_ioctl,
+	.hw_params =	snd_msnd_playback_hw_params,
+	.prepare =	snd_msnd_playback_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_msnd_playback_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_msnd_playback_pointer,
+};
+
+static int snd_msnd_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	set_bit(F_AUDIO_READ_INUSE, &chip->flags);
+	snd_msnd_enable_irq(chip);
+	runtime->dma_area = chip->mappedbase + 0x3000;
+	runtime->dma_bytes = 0x3000;
+	memset(runtime->dma_area, 0, runtime->dma_bytes);
+	chip->capture_substream = substream;
+	runtime->hw = snd_msnd_capture;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_capture_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	snd_msnd_disable_irq(chip);
+	clear_bit(F_AUDIO_READ_INUSE, &chip->flags);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_capture_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	unsigned int pcm_size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	unsigned int pcm_count = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
+	unsigned int pcm_periods = pcm_size / pcm_count;
+
+	snd_msnd_capture_reset_queue(chip, pcm_periods, pcm_count);
+	chip->captureDMAPos = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_capture_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				    int cmd)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	if (cmd == SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START) {
+		chip->last_recbank = -1;
+		set_bit(F_READING, &chip->flags);
+		if (snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, HDEX_RECORD_START) == 0)
+			return 0;
+
+		clear_bit(F_READING, &chip->flags);
+	} else if (cmd == SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP) {
+		clear_bit(F_READING, &chip->flags);
+		snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, HDEX_RECORD_STOP);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t
+snd_msnd_capture_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	return bytes_to_frames(runtime, chip->captureDMAPos);
+}
+
+
+static int snd_msnd_capture_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+					struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params)
+{
+	int		i;
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	void		*pDAQ = chip->mappedbase + DARQ_DATA_BUFF;
+
+	chip->capture_sample_size = snd_pcm_format_width(params_format(params));
+	chip->capture_channels = params_channels(params);
+	chip->capture_sample_rate = params_rate(params);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i, pDAQ += DAQDS__size) {
+		writew(chip->capture_sample_size, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSampleSize);
+		writew(chip->capture_channels, pDAQ + DAQDS_wChannels);
+		writew(chip->capture_sample_rate, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSampleRate);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+static struct snd_pcm_ops snd_msnd_capture_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_msnd_capture_open,
+	.close =	snd_msnd_capture_close,
+	.ioctl =	snd_pcm_lib_ioctl,
+	.hw_params =	snd_msnd_capture_hw_params,
+	.prepare =	snd_msnd_capture_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_msnd_capture_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_msnd_capture_pointer,
+};
+
+
+int snd_msnd_pcm(struct snd_card *card, int device,
+			struct snd_pcm **rpcm)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_pcm	*pcm;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_new(card, "MSNDPINNACLE", device, 1, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_msnd_playback_ops);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_msnd_capture_ops);
+
+	pcm->private_data = chip;
+	strcpy(pcm->name, "Hurricane");
+
+
+	if (rpcm)
+		*rpcm = pcm;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_pcm);
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Common routines for Turtle Beach Multisound drivers");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.h b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3773e242b58e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.h
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+/*********************************************************************
+ *
+ * msnd.h
+ *
+ * Turtle Beach MultiSound Sound Card Driver for Linux
+ *
+ * Some parts of this header file were derived from the Turtle Beach
+ * MultiSound Driver Development Kit.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1998 Andrew Veliath
+ * Copyright (C) 1993 Turtle Beach Systems, Inc.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+ *
+ ********************************************************************/
+#ifndef __MSND_H
+#define __MSND_H
+
+#define DEFSAMPLERATE		44100
+#define DEFSAMPLESIZE		SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16
+#define DEFCHANNELS		1
+
+#define SRAM_BANK_SIZE		0x8000
+#define SRAM_CNTL_START		0x7F00
+#define SMA_STRUCT_START	0x7F40
+
+#define DSP_BASE_ADDR		0x4000
+#define DSP_BANK_BASE		0x4000
+
+#define AGND			0x01
+#define SIGNAL			0x02
+
+#define EXT_DSP_BIT_DCAL	0x0001
+#define EXT_DSP_BIT_MIDI_CON	0x0002
+
+#define BUFFSIZE		0x8000
+#define HOSTQ_SIZE		0x40
+
+#define DAP_BUFF_SIZE		0x2400
+
+#define DAPQ_STRUCT_SIZE	0x10
+#define DARQ_STRUCT_SIZE	0x10
+#define DAPQ_BUFF_SIZE		(3 * 0x10)
+#define DARQ_BUFF_SIZE		(3 * 0x10)
+#define MODQ_BUFF_SIZE		0x400
+
+#define DAPQ_DATA_BUFF		0x6C00
+#define DARQ_DATA_BUFF		0x6C30
+#define MODQ_DATA_BUFF		0x6C60
+#define MIDQ_DATA_BUFF		0x7060
+
+#define DAPQ_OFFSET		SRAM_CNTL_START
+#define DARQ_OFFSET		(SRAM_CNTL_START + 0x08)
+#define MODQ_OFFSET		(SRAM_CNTL_START + 0x10)
+#define MIDQ_OFFSET		(SRAM_CNTL_START + 0x18)
+#define DSPQ_OFFSET		(SRAM_CNTL_START + 0x20)
+
+#define	HP_ICR			0x00
+#define	HP_CVR			0x01
+#define	HP_ISR			0x02
+#define	HP_IVR			0x03
+#define HP_NU			0x04
+#define HP_INFO			0x04
+#define	HP_TXH			0x05
+#define	HP_RXH			0x05
+#define	HP_TXM			0x06
+#define	HP_RXM			0x06
+#define	HP_TXL			0x07
+#define	HP_RXL			0x07
+
+#define HP_ICR_DEF		0x00
+#define HP_CVR_DEF		0x12
+#define HP_ISR_DEF		0x06
+#define HP_IVR_DEF		0x0f
+#define HP_NU_DEF		0x00
+
+#define	HP_IRQM			0x09
+
+#define	HPR_BLRC		0x08
+#define	HPR_SPR1		0x09
+#define	HPR_SPR2		0x0A
+#define	HPR_TCL0		0x0B
+#define	HPR_TCL1		0x0C
+#define	HPR_TCL2		0x0D
+#define	HPR_TCL3		0x0E
+#define	HPR_TCL4		0x0F
+
+#define	HPICR_INIT		0x80
+#define HPICR_HM1		0x40
+#define HPICR_HM0		0x20
+#define HPICR_HF1		0x10
+#define HPICR_HF0		0x08
+#define	HPICR_TREQ		0x02
+#define	HPICR_RREQ		0x01
+
+#define HPCVR_HC		0x80
+
+#define	HPISR_HREQ		0x80
+#define HPISR_DMA		0x40
+#define HPISR_HF3		0x10
+#define HPISR_HF2		0x08
+#define	HPISR_TRDY		0x04
+#define	HPISR_TXDE		0x02
+#define	HPISR_RXDF		0x01
+
+#define	HPIO_290		0
+#define	HPIO_260		1
+#define	HPIO_250		2
+#define	HPIO_240		3
+#define	HPIO_230		4
+#define	HPIO_220		5
+#define	HPIO_210		6
+#define	HPIO_3E0		7
+
+#define	HPMEM_NONE		0
+#define	HPMEM_B000		1
+#define	HPMEM_C800		2
+#define	HPMEM_D000		3
+#define	HPMEM_D400		4
+#define	HPMEM_D800		5
+#define	HPMEM_E000		6
+#define	HPMEM_E800		7
+
+#define	HPIRQ_NONE		0
+#define HPIRQ_5			1
+#define HPIRQ_7			2
+#define HPIRQ_9			3
+#define HPIRQ_10		4
+#define HPIRQ_11		5
+#define HPIRQ_12		6
+#define HPIRQ_15		7
+
+#define	HIMT_PLAY_DONE		0x00
+#define	HIMT_RECORD_DONE	0x01
+#define	HIMT_MIDI_EOS		0x02
+#define	HIMT_MIDI_OUT		0x03
+
+#define	HIMT_MIDI_IN_UCHAR	0x0E
+#define	HIMT_DSP		0x0F
+
+#define	HDEX_BASE	       	0x92
+#define	HDEX_PLAY_START		(0 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_PLAY_STOP		(1 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_PLAY_PAUSE		(2 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_PLAY_RESUME	(3 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_RECORD_START	(4 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_RECORD_STOP	(5 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_MIDI_IN_START 	(6 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_MIDI_IN_STOP	(7 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_MIDI_OUT_START	(8 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_MIDI_OUT_STOP	(9 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_AUX_REQ		(10 + HDEX_BASE)
+
+#define	HDEXAR_CLEAR_PEAKS	1
+#define	HDEXAR_IN_SET_POTS	2
+#define	HDEXAR_AUX_SET_POTS	3
+#define	HDEXAR_CAL_A_TO_D	4
+#define	HDEXAR_RD_EXT_DSP_BITS	5
+
+/* Pinnacle only HDEXAR defs */
+#define	HDEXAR_SET_ANA_IN	0
+#define	HDEXAR_SET_SYNTH_IN	4
+#define	HDEXAR_READ_DAT_IN	5
+#define	HDEXAR_MIC_SET_POTS	6
+#define	HDEXAR_SET_DAT_IN	7
+
+#define HDEXAR_SET_SYNTH_48	8
+#define HDEXAR_SET_SYNTH_44	9
+
+#define HIWORD(l)		((u16)((((u32)(l)) >> 16) & 0xFFFF))
+#define LOWORD(l)		((u16)(u32)(l))
+#define HIBYTE(w)		((u8)(((u16)(w) >> 8) & 0xFF))
+#define LOBYTE(w)		((u8)(w))
+#define MAKELONG(low, hi)	((long)(((u16)(low))|(((u32)((u16)(hi)))<<16)))
+#define MAKEWORD(low, hi)	((u16)(((u8)(low))|(((u16)((u8)(hi)))<<8)))
+
+#define PCTODSP_OFFSET(w)	(u16)((w)/2)
+#define PCTODSP_BASED(w)	(u16)(((w)/2) + DSP_BASE_ADDR)
+#define DSPTOPC_BASED(w)	(((w) - DSP_BASE_ADDR) * 2)
+
+#ifdef SLOWIO
+#  undef outb
+#  undef inb
+#  define outb			outb_p
+#  define inb			inb_p
+#endif
+
+/* JobQueueStruct */
+#define JQS_wStart		0x00
+#define JQS_wSize		0x02
+#define JQS_wHead		0x04
+#define JQS_wTail		0x06
+#define JQS__size		0x08
+
+/* DAQueueDataStruct */
+#define DAQDS_wStart		0x00
+#define DAQDS_wSize		0x02
+#define DAQDS_wFormat		0x04
+#define DAQDS_wSampleSize	0x06
+#define DAQDS_wChannels		0x08
+#define DAQDS_wSampleRate	0x0A
+#define DAQDS_wIntMsg		0x0C
+#define DAQDS_wFlags		0x0E
+#define DAQDS__size		0x10
+
+#include <sound/pcm.h>
+
+struct snd_msnd {
+	void __iomem		*mappedbase;
+	int			play_period_bytes;
+	int			playLimit;
+	int			playPeriods;
+	int 			playDMAPos;
+	int			banksPlayed;
+	int 			captureDMAPos;
+	int			capturePeriodBytes;
+	int			captureLimit;
+	int			capturePeriods;
+	struct snd_card		*card;
+	void			*msndmidi_mpu;
+	struct snd_rawmidi	*rmidi;
+
+	/* Hardware resources */
+	long io;
+	int memid, irqid;
+	int irq, irq_ref;
+	unsigned long base;
+
+	/* Motorola 56k DSP SMA */
+	void __iomem	*SMA;
+	void __iomem	*DAPQ;
+	void __iomem	*DARQ;
+	void __iomem	*MODQ;
+	void __iomem	*MIDQ;
+	void __iomem	*DSPQ;
+	int dspq_data_buff, dspq_buff_size;
+
+	/* State variables */
+	enum { msndClassic, msndPinnacle } type;
+	mode_t mode;
+	unsigned long flags;
+#define F_RESETTING			0
+#define F_HAVEDIGITAL			1
+#define F_AUDIO_WRITE_INUSE		2
+#define F_WRITING			3
+#define F_WRITEBLOCK			4
+#define F_WRITEFLUSH			5
+#define F_AUDIO_READ_INUSE		6
+#define F_READING			7
+#define F_READBLOCK			8
+#define F_EXT_MIDI_INUSE		9
+#define F_HDR_MIDI_INUSE		10
+#define F_DISABLE_WRITE_NDELAY		11
+	spinlock_t lock;
+	spinlock_t mixer_lock;
+	int nresets;
+	unsigned recsrc;
+#define LEVEL_ENTRIES 32
+	int left_levels[LEVEL_ENTRIES];
+	int right_levels[LEVEL_ENTRIES];
+	int calibrate_signal;
+	int play_sample_size, play_sample_rate, play_channels;
+	int play_ndelay;
+	int capture_sample_size, capture_sample_rate, capture_channels;
+	int capture_ndelay;
+	u8 bCurrentMidiPatch;
+
+	int last_playbank, last_recbank;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *playback_substream;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *capture_substream;
+
+};
+
+void snd_msnd_init_queue(void *base, int start, int size);
+
+int snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(struct snd_msnd *chip, u8 cmd);
+int snd_msnd_send_word(struct snd_msnd *chip,
+			   unsigned char high,
+			   unsigned char mid,
+			   unsigned char low);
+int snd_msnd_upload_host(struct snd_msnd *chip,
+			     const u8 *bin, int len);
+int snd_msnd_enable_irq(struct snd_msnd *chip);
+int snd_msnd_disable_irq(struct snd_msnd *chip);
+void snd_msnd_dsp_halt(struct snd_msnd *chip, struct file *file);
+int snd_msnd_DAPQ(struct snd_msnd *chip, int start);
+int snd_msnd_DARQ(struct snd_msnd *chip, int start);
+int snd_msnd_pcm(struct snd_card *card, int device, struct snd_pcm **rpcm);
+
+int snd_msndmidi_new(struct snd_card *card, int device);
+void snd_msndmidi_input_read(void *mpu);
+
+void snd_msndmix_setup(struct snd_msnd *chip);
+int __devinit snd_msndmix_new(struct snd_card *card);
+int snd_msndmix_force_recsrc(struct snd_msnd *chip, int recsrc);
+#endif /* __MSND_H */
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_classic.c b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_classic.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3b23a096fa4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_classic.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+/* The work is in msnd_pinnacle.c, just define MSND_CLASSIC before it. */
+#define MSND_CLASSIC
+#include "msnd_pinnacle.c"
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_classic.h b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_classic.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f18d5fa5baf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_classic.h
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/*********************************************************************
+ *
+ * msnd_classic.h
+ *
+ * Turtle Beach MultiSound Sound Card Driver for Linux
+ *
+ * Some parts of this header file were derived from the Turtle Beach
+ * MultiSound Driver Development Kit.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1998 Andrew Veliath
+ * Copyright (C) 1993 Turtle Beach Systems, Inc.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+ *
+ ********************************************************************/
+#ifndef __MSND_CLASSIC_H
+#define __MSND_CLASSIC_H
+
+#define DSP_NUMIO				0x10
+
+#define	HP_MEMM					0x08
+
+#define	HP_BITM					0x0E
+#define	HP_WAIT					0x0D
+#define	HP_DSPR					0x0A
+#define	HP_PROR					0x0B
+#define	HP_BLKS					0x0C
+
+#define	HPPRORESET_OFF				0
+#define HPPRORESET_ON				1
+
+#define HPDSPRESET_OFF				0
+#define HPDSPRESET_ON				1
+
+#define HPBLKSEL_0				0
+#define HPBLKSEL_1				1
+
+#define HPWAITSTATE_0				0
+#define HPWAITSTATE_1				1
+
+#define HPBITMODE_16				0
+#define HPBITMODE_8				1
+
+#define	HIDSP_INT_PLAY_UNDER			0x00
+#define	HIDSP_INT_RECORD_OVER			0x01
+#define	HIDSP_INPUT_CLIPPING			0x02
+#define	HIDSP_MIDI_IN_OVER			0x10
+#define	HIDSP_MIDI_OVERRUN_ERR  0x13
+
+#define TIME_PRO_RESET_DONE			0x028A
+#define TIME_PRO_SYSEX				0x0040
+#define TIME_PRO_RESET				0x0032
+
+#define DAR_BUFF_SIZE				0x2000
+
+#define MIDQ_BUFF_SIZE				0x200
+#define DSPQ_BUFF_SIZE				0x40
+
+#define DSPQ_DATA_BUFF				0x7260
+
+#define MOP_SYNTH				0x10
+#define MOP_EXTOUT				0x32
+#define MOP_EXTTHRU				0x02
+#define MOP_OUTMASK				0x01
+
+#define MIP_EXTIN				0x01
+#define MIP_SYNTH				0x00
+#define MIP_INMASK				0x32
+
+/* Classic SMA Common Data */
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayBytes			0x0000
+#define SMA_wCurrRecordBytes			0x0002
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayVolLeft			0x0004
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayVolRight			0x0006
+#define SMA_wCurrInVolLeft			0x0008
+#define SMA_wCurrInVolRight			0x000a
+#define SMA_wUser_3				0x000c
+#define SMA_wUser_4				0x000e
+#define SMA_dwUser_5				0x0010
+#define SMA_dwUser_6				0x0014
+#define SMA_wUser_7				0x0018
+#define SMA_wReserved_A				0x001a
+#define SMA_wReserved_B				0x001c
+#define SMA_wReserved_C				0x001e
+#define SMA_wReserved_D				0x0020
+#define SMA_wReserved_E				0x0022
+#define SMA_wReserved_F				0x0024
+#define SMA_wReserved_G				0x0026
+#define SMA_wReserved_H				0x0028
+#define SMA_wCurrDSPStatusFlags			0x002a
+#define SMA_wCurrHostStatusFlags		0x002c
+#define SMA_wCurrInputTagBits			0x002e
+#define SMA_wCurrLeftPeak			0x0030
+#define SMA_wCurrRightPeak			0x0032
+#define SMA_wExtDSPbits				0x0034
+#define SMA_bExtHostbits			0x0036
+#define SMA_bBoardLevel				0x0037
+#define SMA_bInPotPosRight			0x0038
+#define SMA_bInPotPosLeft			0x0039
+#define SMA_bAuxPotPosRight			0x003a
+#define SMA_bAuxPotPosLeft			0x003b
+#define SMA_wCurrMastVolLeft			0x003c
+#define SMA_wCurrMastVolRight			0x003e
+#define SMA_bUser_12				0x0040
+#define SMA_bUser_13				0x0041
+#define SMA_wUser_14				0x0042
+#define SMA_wUser_15				0x0044
+#define SMA_wCalFreqAtoD			0x0046
+#define SMA_wUser_16				0x0048
+#define SMA_wUser_17				0x004a
+#define SMA__size				0x004c
+
+#define INITCODEFILE		"turtlebeach/msndinit.bin"
+#define PERMCODEFILE		"turtlebeach/msndperm.bin"
+#define LONGNAME		"MultiSound (Classic/Monterey/Tahiti)"
+
+#endif /* __MSND_CLASSIC_H */
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_midi.c b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_midi.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..cb9aa4c4edd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_midi.c
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Copyright (c) 2009 by Krzysztof Helt
+ *  Routines for control of MPU-401 in UART mode
+ *
+ *  MPU-401 supports UART mode which is not capable generate transmit
+ *  interrupts thus output is done via polling. Also, if irq < 0, then
+ *  input is done also via polling. Do not expect good performance.
+ *
+ *
+ *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ *   (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *   GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/ioport.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/rawmidi.h>
+
+#include "msnd.h"
+
+#define MSNDMIDI_MODE_BIT_INPUT		0
+#define MSNDMIDI_MODE_BIT_OUTPUT		1
+#define MSNDMIDI_MODE_BIT_INPUT_TRIGGER	2
+#define MSNDMIDI_MODE_BIT_OUTPUT_TRIGGER	3
+
+struct snd_msndmidi {
+	struct snd_msnd *dev;
+
+	unsigned long mode;		/* MSNDMIDI_MODE_XXXX */
+
+	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream_input;
+
+	spinlock_t input_lock;
+};
+
+/*
+ * input/output open/close - protected by open_mutex in rawmidi.c
+ */
+static int snd_msndmidi_input_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_msndmidi *mpu;
+
+	snd_printdd("snd_msndmidi_input_open()\n");
+
+	mpu = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+
+	mpu->substream_input = substream;
+
+	snd_msnd_enable_irq(mpu->dev);
+
+	snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(mpu->dev, HDEX_MIDI_IN_START);
+	set_bit(MSNDMIDI_MODE_BIT_INPUT, &mpu->mode);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msndmidi_input_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_msndmidi *mpu;
+
+	mpu = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+	snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(mpu->dev, HDEX_MIDI_IN_STOP);
+	clear_bit(MSNDMIDI_MODE_BIT_INPUT, &mpu->mode);
+	mpu->substream_input = NULL;
+	snd_msnd_disable_irq(mpu->dev);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_msndmidi_input_drop(struct snd_msndmidi *mpu)
+{
+	u16 tail;
+
+	tail = readw(mpu->dev->MIDQ + JQS_wTail);
+	writew(tail, mpu->dev->MIDQ + JQS_wHead);
+}
+
+/*
+ * trigger input
+ */
+static void snd_msndmidi_input_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+					int up)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct snd_msndmidi *mpu;
+
+	snd_printdd("snd_msndmidi_input_trigger(, %i)\n", up);
+
+	mpu = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&mpu->input_lock, flags);
+	if (up) {
+		if (!test_and_set_bit(MSNDMIDI_MODE_BIT_INPUT_TRIGGER,
+				      &mpu->mode))
+			snd_msndmidi_input_drop(mpu);
+	} else {
+		clear_bit(MSNDMIDI_MODE_BIT_INPUT_TRIGGER, &mpu->mode);
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&mpu->input_lock, flags);
+	if (up)
+		snd_msndmidi_input_read(mpu);
+}
+
+void snd_msndmidi_input_read(void *mpuv)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct snd_msndmidi *mpu = mpuv;
+	void *pwMIDQData = mpu->dev->mappedbase + MIDQ_DATA_BUFF;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&mpu->input_lock, flags);
+	while (readw(mpu->dev->MIDQ + JQS_wTail) !=
+	       readw(mpu->dev->MIDQ + JQS_wHead)) {
+		u16 wTmp, val;
+		val = readw(pwMIDQData + 2 * readw(mpu->dev->MIDQ + JQS_wHead));
+
+			if (test_bit(MSNDMIDI_MODE_BIT_INPUT_TRIGGER,
+				     &mpu->mode))
+				snd_rawmidi_receive(mpu->substream_input,
+						    (unsigned char *)&val, 1);
+
+		wTmp = readw(mpu->dev->MIDQ + JQS_wHead) + 1;
+		if (wTmp > readw(mpu->dev->MIDQ + JQS_wSize))
+			writew(0,  mpu->dev->MIDQ + JQS_wHead);
+		else
+			writew(wTmp,  mpu->dev->MIDQ + JQS_wHead);
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&mpu->input_lock, flags);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msndmidi_input_read);
+
+static struct snd_rawmidi_ops snd_msndmidi_input = {
+	.open =		snd_msndmidi_input_open,
+	.close =	snd_msndmidi_input_close,
+	.trigger =	snd_msndmidi_input_trigger,
+};
+
+static void snd_msndmidi_free(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi)
+{
+	struct snd_msndmidi *mpu = rmidi->private_data;
+	kfree(mpu);
+}
+
+int snd_msndmidi_new(struct snd_card *card, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_msndmidi *mpu;
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_rawmidi_new(card, "MSND-MIDI", device, 1, 1, &rmidi);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	mpu = kcalloc(1, sizeof(*mpu), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (mpu == NULL) {
+		snd_device_free(card, rmidi);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	mpu->dev = chip;
+	chip->msndmidi_mpu = mpu;
+	rmidi->private_data = mpu;
+	rmidi->private_free = snd_msndmidi_free;
+	spin_lock_init(&mpu->input_lock);
+	strcpy(rmidi->name, "MSND MIDI");
+	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT,
+			    &snd_msndmidi_input);
+	rmidi->info_flags |= SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_INPUT;
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.c b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..60b6abd71612
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1238 @@
+/*********************************************************************
+ *
+ * Linux multisound pinnacle/fiji driver for ALSA.
+ *
+ * 2002/06/30 Karsten Wiese:
+ *	for now this is only used to build a pinnacle / fiji driver.
+ *	the OSS parent of this code is designed to also support
+ *	the multisound classic via the file msnd_classic.c.
+ *	to make it easier for some brave heart to implemt classic
+ *	support in alsa, i left all the MSND_CLASSIC tokens in this file.
+ *	but for now this untested & undone.
+ *
+ *
+ * ripped from linux kernel 2.4.18 by Karsten Wiese.
+ *
+ * the following is a copy of the 2.4.18 OSS FREE file-heading comment:
+ *
+ * Turtle Beach MultiSound Sound Card Driver for Linux
+ * msnd_pinnacle.c / msnd_classic.c
+ *
+ * -- If MSND_CLASSIC is defined:
+ *
+ *     -> driver for Turtle Beach Classic/Monterey/Tahiti
+ *
+ * -- Else
+ *
+ *     -> driver for Turtle Beach Pinnacle/Fiji
+ *
+ * 12-3-2000  Modified IO port validation  Steve Sycamore
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1998 Andrew Veliath
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+ *
+ ********************************************************************/
+
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/ioport.h>
+#include <linux/firmware.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/isapnp.h>
+#include <linux/irq.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+#include <sound/asound.h>
+#include <sound/pcm.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+# ifndef __alpha__
+#  define SLOWIO
+# endif
+#endif
+#include "msnd.h"
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+#  include "msnd_classic.h"
+#  define LOGNAME			"msnd_classic"
+#else
+#  include "msnd_pinnacle.h"
+#  define LOGNAME			"snd_msnd_pinnacle"
+#endif
+
+static void __devinit set_default_audio_parameters(struct snd_msnd *chip)
+{
+	chip->play_sample_size = DEFSAMPLESIZE;
+	chip->play_sample_rate = DEFSAMPLERATE;
+	chip->play_channels = DEFCHANNELS;
+	chip->capture_sample_size = DEFSAMPLESIZE;
+	chip->capture_sample_rate = DEFSAMPLERATE;
+	chip->capture_channels = DEFCHANNELS;
+}
+
+static void snd_msnd_eval_dsp_msg(struct snd_msnd *chip, u16 wMessage)
+{
+	switch (HIBYTE(wMessage)) {
+	case HIMT_PLAY_DONE: {
+		if (chip->banksPlayed < 3)
+			snd_printdd("%08X: HIMT_PLAY_DONE: %i\n",
+				(unsigned)jiffies, LOBYTE(wMessage));
+
+		if (chip->last_playbank == LOBYTE(wMessage)) {
+			snd_printdd("chip.last_playbank == LOBYTE(wMessage)\n");
+			break;
+		}
+		chip->banksPlayed++;
+
+		if (test_bit(F_WRITING, &chip->flags))
+			snd_msnd_DAPQ(chip, 0);
+
+		chip->last_playbank = LOBYTE(wMessage);
+		chip->playDMAPos += chip->play_period_bytes;
+		if (chip->playDMAPos > chip->playLimit)
+			chip->playDMAPos = 0;
+		snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->playback_substream);
+
+		break;
+	}
+	case HIMT_RECORD_DONE:
+		if (chip->last_recbank == LOBYTE(wMessage))
+			break;
+		chip->last_recbank = LOBYTE(wMessage);
+		chip->captureDMAPos += chip->capturePeriodBytes;
+		if (chip->captureDMAPos > (chip->captureLimit))
+			chip->captureDMAPos = 0;
+
+		if (test_bit(F_READING, &chip->flags))
+			snd_msnd_DARQ(chip, chip->last_recbank);
+
+		snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->capture_substream);
+		break;
+
+	case HIMT_DSP:
+		switch (LOBYTE(wMessage)) {
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+		case HIDSP_PLAY_UNDER:
+#endif
+		case HIDSP_INT_PLAY_UNDER:
+			snd_printd(KERN_WARNING LOGNAME ": Play underflow %i\n",
+				chip->banksPlayed);
+			if (chip->banksPlayed > 2)
+				clear_bit(F_WRITING, &chip->flags);
+			break;
+
+		case HIDSP_INT_RECORD_OVER:
+			snd_printd(KERN_WARNING LOGNAME ": Record overflow\n");
+			clear_bit(F_READING, &chip->flags);
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			snd_printd(KERN_WARNING LOGNAME
+				   ": DSP message %d 0x%02x\n",
+				   LOBYTE(wMessage), LOBYTE(wMessage));
+			break;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case HIMT_MIDI_IN_UCHAR:
+		if (chip->msndmidi_mpu)
+			snd_msndmidi_input_read(chip->msndmidi_mpu);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		snd_printd(KERN_WARNING LOGNAME ": HIMT message %d 0x%02x\n",
+			   HIBYTE(wMessage), HIBYTE(wMessage));
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static irqreturn_t snd_msnd_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = dev_id;
+	void *pwDSPQData = chip->mappedbase + DSPQ_DATA_BUFF;
+
+	/* Send ack to DSP */
+	/* inb(chip->io + HP_RXL); */
+
+	/* Evaluate queued DSP messages */
+	while (readw(chip->DSPQ + JQS_wTail) != readw(chip->DSPQ + JQS_wHead)) {
+		u16 wTmp;
+
+		snd_msnd_eval_dsp_msg(chip,
+			readw(pwDSPQData + 2 * readw(chip->DSPQ + JQS_wHead)));
+
+		wTmp = readw(chip->DSPQ + JQS_wHead) + 1;
+		if (wTmp > readw(chip->DSPQ + JQS_wSize))
+			writew(0, chip->DSPQ + JQS_wHead);
+		else
+			writew(wTmp, chip->DSPQ + JQS_wHead);
+	}
+	/* Send ack to DSP */
+	inb(chip->io + HP_RXL);
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+
+static int snd_msnd_reset_dsp(long io, unsigned char *info)
+{
+	int timeout = 100;
+
+	outb(HPDSPRESET_ON, io + HP_DSPR);
+	msleep(1);
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+	if (info)
+		*info = inb(io + HP_INFO);
+#endif
+	outb(HPDSPRESET_OFF, io + HP_DSPR);
+	msleep(1);
+	while (timeout-- > 0) {
+		if (inb(io + HP_CVR) == HP_CVR_DEF)
+			return 0;
+		msleep(1);
+	}
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": Cannot reset DSP\n");
+
+	return -EIO;
+}
+
+static int __devinit snd_msnd_probe(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = card->private_data;
+	unsigned char info;
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+	char *xv, *rev = NULL;
+	char *pin = "TB Pinnacle", *fiji = "TB Fiji";
+	char *pinfiji = "TB Pinnacle/Fiji";
+#endif
+
+	if (!request_region(chip->io, DSP_NUMIO, "probing")) {
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": I/O port conflict\n");
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	if (snd_msnd_reset_dsp(chip->io, &info) < 0) {
+		release_region(chip->io, DSP_NUMIO);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+	strcpy(card->shortname, "Classic/Tahiti/Monterey");
+	strcpy(card->longname, "Turtle Beach Multisound");
+	printk(KERN_INFO LOGNAME ": %s, "
+	       "I/O 0x%lx-0x%lx, IRQ %d, memory mapped to 0x%lX-0x%lX\n",
+	       card->shortname,
+	       chip->io, chip->io + DSP_NUMIO - 1,
+	       chip->irq,
+	       chip->base, chip->base + 0x7fff);
+#else
+	switch (info >> 4) {
+	case 0xf:
+		xv = "<= 1.15";
+		break;
+	case 0x1:
+		xv = "1.18/1.2";
+		break;
+	case 0x2:
+		xv = "1.3";
+		break;
+	case 0x3:
+		xv = "1.4";
+		break;
+	default:
+		xv = "unknown";
+		break;
+	}
+
+	switch (info & 0x7) {
+	case 0x0:
+		rev = "I";
+		strcpy(card->shortname, pin);
+		break;
+	case 0x1:
+		rev = "F";
+		strcpy(card->shortname, pin);
+		break;
+	case 0x2:
+		rev = "G";
+		strcpy(card->shortname, pin);
+		break;
+	case 0x3:
+		rev = "H";
+		strcpy(card->shortname, pin);
+		break;
+	case 0x4:
+		rev = "E";
+		strcpy(card->shortname, fiji);
+		break;
+	case 0x5:
+		rev = "C";
+		strcpy(card->shortname, fiji);
+		break;
+	case 0x6:
+		rev = "D";
+		strcpy(card->shortname, fiji);
+		break;
+	case 0x7:
+		rev = "A-B (Fiji) or A-E (Pinnacle)";
+		strcpy(card->shortname, pinfiji);
+		break;
+	}
+	strcpy(card->longname, "Turtle Beach Multisound Pinnacle");
+	printk(KERN_INFO LOGNAME ": %s revision %s, Xilinx version %s, "
+	       "I/O 0x%lx-0x%lx, IRQ %d, memory mapped to 0x%lX-0x%lX\n",
+	       card->shortname,
+	       rev, xv,
+	       chip->io, chip->io + DSP_NUMIO - 1,
+	       chip->irq,
+	       chip->base, chip->base + 0x7fff);
+#endif
+
+	release_region(chip->io, DSP_NUMIO);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_init_sma(struct snd_msnd *chip)
+{
+	static int initted;
+	u16 mastVolLeft, mastVolRight;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+	outb(chip->memid, chip->io + HP_MEMM);
+#endif
+	outb(HPBLKSEL_0, chip->io + HP_BLKS);
+	/* Motorola 56k shared memory base */
+	chip->SMA = chip->mappedbase + SMA_STRUCT_START;
+
+	if (initted) {
+		mastVolLeft = readw(chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolLeft);
+		mastVolRight = readw(chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolRight);
+	} else
+		mastVolLeft = mastVolRight = 0;
+	memset_io(chip->mappedbase, 0, 0x8000);
+
+	/* Critical section: bank 1 access */
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->lock, flags);
+	outb(HPBLKSEL_1, chip->io + HP_BLKS);
+	memset_io(chip->mappedbase, 0, 0x8000);
+	outb(HPBLKSEL_0, chip->io + HP_BLKS);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->lock, flags);
+
+	/* Digital audio play queue */
+	chip->DAPQ = chip->mappedbase + DAPQ_OFFSET;
+	snd_msnd_init_queue(chip->DAPQ, DAPQ_DATA_BUFF, DAPQ_BUFF_SIZE);
+
+	/* Digital audio record queue */
+	chip->DARQ = chip->mappedbase + DARQ_OFFSET;
+	snd_msnd_init_queue(chip->DARQ, DARQ_DATA_BUFF, DARQ_BUFF_SIZE);
+
+	/* MIDI out queue */
+	chip->MODQ = chip->mappedbase + MODQ_OFFSET;
+	snd_msnd_init_queue(chip->MODQ, MODQ_DATA_BUFF, MODQ_BUFF_SIZE);
+
+	/* MIDI in queue */
+	chip->MIDQ = chip->mappedbase + MIDQ_OFFSET;
+	snd_msnd_init_queue(chip->MIDQ, MIDQ_DATA_BUFF, MIDQ_BUFF_SIZE);
+
+	/* DSP -> host message queue */
+	chip->DSPQ = chip->mappedbase + DSPQ_OFFSET;
+	snd_msnd_init_queue(chip->DSPQ, DSPQ_DATA_BUFF, DSPQ_BUFF_SIZE);
+
+	/* Setup some DSP values */
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+	writew(1, chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrPlayFormat);
+	writew(chip->play_sample_size, chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrPlaySampleSize);
+	writew(chip->play_channels, chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrPlayChannels);
+	writew(chip->play_sample_rate, chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrPlaySampleRate);
+#endif
+	writew(chip->play_sample_rate, chip->SMA + SMA_wCalFreqAtoD);
+	writew(mastVolLeft, chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolLeft);
+	writew(mastVolRight, chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolRight);
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+	writel(0x00010000, chip->SMA + SMA_dwCurrPlayPitch);
+	writel(0x00000001, chip->SMA + SMA_dwCurrPlayRate);
+#endif
+	writew(0x303, chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrInputTagBits);
+
+	initted = 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+static int upload_dsp_code(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = card->private_data;
+	const struct firmware *init_fw = NULL, *perm_fw = NULL;
+	int err;
+
+	outb(HPBLKSEL_0, chip->io + HP_BLKS);
+
+	err = request_firmware(&init_fw, INITCODEFILE, card->dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": Error loading " INITCODEFILE);
+		goto cleanup1;
+	}
+	err = request_firmware(&perm_fw, PERMCODEFILE, card->dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": Error loading " PERMCODEFILE);
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	memcpy_toio(chip->mappedbase, perm_fw->data, perm_fw->size);
+	if (snd_msnd_upload_host(chip, init_fw->data, init_fw->size) < 0) {
+		printk(KERN_WARNING LOGNAME ": Error uploading to DSP\n");
+		err = -ENODEV;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+	printk(KERN_INFO LOGNAME ": DSP firmware uploaded\n");
+	err = 0;
+
+cleanup:
+	release_firmware(perm_fw);
+cleanup1:
+	release_firmware(init_fw);
+	return err;
+}
+
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+static void reset_proteus(struct snd_msnd *chip)
+{
+	outb(HPPRORESET_ON, chip->io + HP_PROR);
+	msleep(TIME_PRO_RESET);
+	outb(HPPRORESET_OFF, chip->io + HP_PROR);
+	msleep(TIME_PRO_RESET_DONE);
+}
+#endif
+
+static int snd_msnd_initialize(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = card->private_data;
+	int err, timeout;
+
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+	outb(HPWAITSTATE_0, chip->io + HP_WAIT);
+	outb(HPBITMODE_16, chip->io + HP_BITM);
+
+	reset_proteus(chip);
+#endif
+	err = snd_msnd_init_sma(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		printk(KERN_WARNING LOGNAME ": Cannot initialize SMA\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_msnd_reset_dsp(chip->io, NULL);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = upload_dsp_code(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		printk(KERN_WARNING LOGNAME ": Cannot upload DSP code\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	timeout = 200;
+
+	while (readw(chip->mappedbase)) {
+		msleep(1);
+		if (!timeout--) {
+			snd_printd(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": DSP reset timeout\n");
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+	}
+
+	snd_msndmix_setup(chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_dsp_full_reset(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = card->private_data;
+	int rv;
+
+	if (test_bit(F_RESETTING, &chip->flags) || ++chip->nresets > 10)
+		return 0;
+
+	set_bit(F_RESETTING, &chip->flags);
+	snd_msnd_dsp_halt(chip, NULL);	/* Unconditionally halt */
+
+	rv = snd_msnd_initialize(card);
+	if (rv)
+		printk(KERN_WARNING LOGNAME ": DSP reset failed\n");
+	snd_msndmix_force_recsrc(chip, 0);
+	clear_bit(F_RESETTING, &chip->flags);
+	return rv;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_dev_free(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	snd_printdd("snd_msnd_chip_free()\n");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd_chk(struct snd_msnd *chip, u8 cmd)
+{
+	if (snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, cmd) == 0)
+		return 0;
+	snd_msnd_dsp_full_reset(chip->card);
+	return snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, cmd);
+}
+
+static int __devinit snd_msnd_calibrate_adc(struct snd_msnd *chip, u16 srate)
+{
+	snd_printdd("snd_msnd_calibrate_adc(%i)\n", srate);
+	writew(srate, chip->SMA + SMA_wCalFreqAtoD);
+	if (chip->calibrate_signal == 0)
+		writew(readw(chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrHostStatusFlags)
+		       | 0x0001, chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrHostStatusFlags);
+	else
+		writew(readw(chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrHostStatusFlags)
+		       & ~0x0001, chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrHostStatusFlags);
+	if (snd_msnd_send_word(chip, 0, 0, HDEXAR_CAL_A_TO_D) == 0 &&
+	    snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd_chk(chip, HDEX_AUX_REQ) == 0) {
+		schedule_timeout_interruptible(msecs_to_jiffies(333));
+		return 0;
+	}
+	printk(KERN_WARNING LOGNAME ": ADC calibration failed\n");
+	return -EIO;
+}
+
+/*
+ * ALSA callback function, called when attempting to open the MIDI device.
+ */
+static int snd_msnd_mpu401_open(struct snd_mpu401 *mpu)
+{
+	snd_msnd_enable_irq(mpu->private_data);
+	snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(mpu->private_data, HDEX_MIDI_IN_START);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_msnd_mpu401_close(struct snd_mpu401 *mpu)
+{
+	snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(mpu->private_data, HDEX_MIDI_IN_STOP);
+	snd_msnd_disable_irq(mpu->private_data);
+}
+
+static long mpu_io[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static int mpu_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
+
+static int __devinit snd_msnd_attach(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = card->private_data;
+	int err;
+	static struct snd_device_ops ops = {
+		.dev_free =      snd_msnd_dev_free,
+		};
+
+	err = request_irq(chip->irq, snd_msnd_interrupt, 0, card->shortname,
+			  chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": Couldn't grab IRQ %d\n", chip->irq);
+		return err;
+	}
+	request_region(chip->io, DSP_NUMIO, card->shortname);
+
+	if (!request_mem_region(chip->base, BUFFSIZE, card->shortname)) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME
+			": unable to grab memory region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
+			chip->base, chip->base + BUFFSIZE - 1);
+		release_region(chip->io, DSP_NUMIO);
+		free_irq(chip->irq, chip);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	chip->mappedbase = ioremap_nocache(chip->base, 0x8000);
+	if (!chip->mappedbase) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME
+			": unable to map memory region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
+			chip->base, chip->base + BUFFSIZE - 1);
+		err = -EIO;
+		goto err_release_region;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_msnd_dsp_full_reset(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto err_release_region;
+
+	/* Register device */
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto err_release_region;
+
+	err = snd_msnd_pcm(card, 0, NULL);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": error creating new PCM device\n");
+		goto err_release_region;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_msndmix_new(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": error creating new Mixer device\n");
+		goto err_release_region;
+	}
+
+
+	if (mpu_io[0] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		struct snd_mpu401 *mpu;
+
+		err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_MPU401,
+					  mpu_io[0],
+					  MPU401_MODE_INPUT |
+					  MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT,
+					  mpu_irq[0], IRQF_DISABLED,
+					  &chip->rmidi);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME
+				": error creating new Midi device\n");
+			goto err_release_region;
+		}
+		mpu = chip->rmidi->private_data;
+
+		mpu->open_input = snd_msnd_mpu401_open;
+		mpu->close_input = snd_msnd_mpu401_close;
+		mpu->private_data = chip;
+	}
+
+	disable_irq(chip->irq);
+	snd_msnd_calibrate_adc(chip, chip->play_sample_rate);
+	snd_msndmix_force_recsrc(chip, 0);
+
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto err_release_region;
+
+	return 0;
+
+err_release_region:
+	if (chip->mappedbase)
+		iounmap(chip->mappedbase);
+	release_mem_region(chip->base, BUFFSIZE);
+	release_region(chip->io, DSP_NUMIO);
+	free_irq(chip->irq, chip);
+	return err;
+}
+
+
+static void __devexit snd_msnd_unload(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = card->private_data;
+
+	iounmap(chip->mappedbase);
+	release_mem_region(chip->base, BUFFSIZE);
+	release_region(chip->io, DSP_NUMIO);
+	free_irq(chip->irq, chip);
+	snd_card_free(card);
+}
+
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+
+/* Pinnacle/Fiji Logical Device Configuration */
+
+static int __devinit snd_msnd_write_cfg(int cfg, int reg, int value)
+{
+	outb(reg, cfg);
+	outb(value, cfg + 1);
+	if (value != inb(cfg + 1)) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": snd_msnd_write_cfg: I/O error\n");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int __devinit snd_msnd_write_cfg_io0(int cfg, int num, u16 io)
+{
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(cfg, IREG_LOGDEVICE, num))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(cfg, IREG_IO0_BASEHI, HIBYTE(io)))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(cfg, IREG_IO0_BASELO, LOBYTE(io)))
+		return -EIO;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int __devinit snd_msnd_write_cfg_io1(int cfg, int num, u16 io)
+{
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(cfg, IREG_LOGDEVICE, num))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(cfg, IREG_IO1_BASEHI, HIBYTE(io)))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(cfg, IREG_IO1_BASELO, LOBYTE(io)))
+		return -EIO;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int __devinit snd_msnd_write_cfg_irq(int cfg, int num, u16 irq)
+{
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(cfg, IREG_LOGDEVICE, num))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(cfg, IREG_IRQ_NUMBER, LOBYTE(irq)))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(cfg, IREG_IRQ_TYPE, IRQTYPE_EDGE))
+		return -EIO;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int __devinit snd_msnd_write_cfg_mem(int cfg, int num, int mem)
+{
+	u16 wmem;
+
+	mem >>= 8;
+	wmem = (u16)(mem & 0xfff);
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(cfg, IREG_LOGDEVICE, num))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(cfg, IREG_MEMBASEHI, HIBYTE(wmem)))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(cfg, IREG_MEMBASELO, LOBYTE(wmem)))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (wmem && snd_msnd_write_cfg(cfg, IREG_MEMCONTROL,
+				       MEMTYPE_HIADDR | MEMTYPE_16BIT))
+		return -EIO;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int __devinit snd_msnd_activate_logical(int cfg, int num)
+{
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(cfg, IREG_LOGDEVICE, num))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(cfg, IREG_ACTIVATE, LD_ACTIVATE))
+		return -EIO;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int __devinit snd_msnd_write_cfg_logical(int cfg, int num, u16 io0,
+						u16 io1, u16 irq, int mem)
+{
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(cfg, IREG_LOGDEVICE, num))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg_io0(cfg, num, io0))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg_io1(cfg, num, io1))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg_irq(cfg, num, irq))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg_mem(cfg, num, mem))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_activate_logical(cfg, num))
+		return -EIO;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int __devinit snd_msnd_pinnacle_cfg_reset(int cfg)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/* Reset devices if told to */
+	printk(KERN_INFO LOGNAME ": Resetting all devices\n");
+	for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
+		if (snd_msnd_write_cfg_logical(cfg, i, 0, 0, 0, 0))
+			return -EIO;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, S_IRUGO);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for msnd_pinnacle soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, S_IRUGO);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for msnd_pinnacle soundcard.");
+
+static long io[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
+static long mem[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+
+static long cfg[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+/* Extra Peripheral Configuration (Default: Disable) */
+static long ide_io0[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static long ide_io1[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static int ide_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
+
+static long joystick_io[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+/* If we have the digital daugherboard... */
+static int digital[SNDRV_CARDS];
+
+/* Extra Peripheral Configuration */
+static int reset[SNDRV_CARDS];
+#endif
+
+static int write_ndelay[SNDRV_CARDS] = { [0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS-1)] = 1 };
+
+static int calibrate_signal;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int isapnp[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_PNP;
+module_param_array(isapnp, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(isapnp, "ISA PnP detection for specified soundcard.");
+#define has_isapnp(x) isapnp[x]
+#else
+#define has_isapnp(x) 0
+#endif
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Karsten Wiese <annabellesgarden@yahoo.de>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Turtle Beach " LONGNAME " Linux Driver");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_FIRMWARE(INITCODEFILE);
+MODULE_FIRMWARE(PERMCODEFILE);
+
+module_param_array(io, long, NULL, S_IRUGO);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(io, "IO port #");
+module_param_array(irq, int, NULL, S_IRUGO);
+module_param_array(mem, long, NULL, S_IRUGO);
+module_param_array(write_ndelay, int, NULL, S_IRUGO);
+module_param(calibrate_signal, int, S_IRUGO);
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+module_param_array(digital, int, NULL, S_IRUGO);
+module_param_array(cfg, long, NULL, S_IRUGO);
+module_param_array(reset, int, 0, S_IRUGO);
+module_param_array(mpu_io, long, NULL, S_IRUGO);
+module_param_array(mpu_irq, int, NULL, S_IRUGO);
+module_param_array(ide_io0, long, NULL, S_IRUGO);
+module_param_array(ide_io1, long, NULL, S_IRUGO);
+module_param_array(ide_irq, int, NULL, S_IRUGO);
+module_param_array(joystick_io, long, NULL, S_IRUGO);
+#endif
+
+
+static int __devinit snd_msnd_isa_match(struct device *pdev, unsigned int i)
+{
+	if (io[i] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (irq[i] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT || mem[i] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		printk(KERN_WARNING LOGNAME ": io, irq and mem must be set\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+	if (!(io[i] == 0x290 ||
+	      io[i] == 0x260 ||
+	      io[i] == 0x250 ||
+	      io[i] == 0x240 ||
+	      io[i] == 0x230 ||
+	      io[i] == 0x220 ||
+	      io[i] == 0x210 ||
+	      io[i] == 0x3e0)) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": \"io\" - DSP I/O base must be set "
+			" to 0x210, 0x220, 0x230, 0x240, 0x250, 0x260, 0x290, "
+			"or 0x3E0\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+#else
+	if (io[i] < 0x100 || io[i] > 0x3e0 || (io[i] % 0x10) != 0) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME
+			": \"io\" - DSP I/O base must within the range 0x100 "
+			"to 0x3E0 and must be evenly divisible by 0x10\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+#endif /* MSND_CLASSIC */
+
+	if (!(irq[i] == 5 ||
+	      irq[i] == 7 ||
+	      irq[i] == 9 ||
+	      irq[i] == 10 ||
+	      irq[i] == 11 ||
+	      irq[i] == 12)) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME
+			": \"irq\" - must be set to 5, 7, 9, 10, 11 or 12\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!(mem[i] == 0xb0000 ||
+	      mem[i] == 0xc8000 ||
+	      mem[i] == 0xd0000 ||
+	      mem[i] == 0xd8000 ||
+	      mem[i] == 0xe0000 ||
+	      mem[i] == 0xe8000)) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": \"mem\" - must be set to "
+		       "0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000, 0xe0000 or "
+		       "0xe8000\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+	if (cfg[i] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		printk(KERN_INFO LOGNAME ": Assuming PnP mode\n");
+	} else if (cfg[i] != 0x250 && cfg[i] != 0x260 && cfg[i] != 0x270) {
+		printk(KERN_INFO LOGNAME
+			": Config port must be 0x250, 0x260 or 0x270 "
+			"(or unspecified for PnP mode)\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+#endif /* MSND_CLASSIC */
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int __devinit snd_msnd_isa_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int idx)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_msnd *chip;
+
+	if (has_isapnp(idx) || cfg[idx] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		printk(KERN_INFO LOGNAME ": Assuming PnP mode\n");
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_card_create(index[idx], id[idx], THIS_MODULE,
+			      sizeof(struct snd_msnd), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	snd_card_set_dev(card, pdev);
+	chip = card->private_data;
+	chip->card = card;
+
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+	switch (irq[idx]) {
+	case 5:
+		chip->irqid = HPIRQ_5; break;
+	case 7:
+		chip->irqid = HPIRQ_7; break;
+	case 9:
+		chip->irqid = HPIRQ_9; break;
+	case 10:
+		chip->irqid = HPIRQ_10; break;
+	case 11:
+		chip->irqid = HPIRQ_11; break;
+	case 12:
+		chip->irqid = HPIRQ_12; break;
+	}
+
+	switch (mem[idx]) {
+	case 0xb0000:
+		chip->memid = HPMEM_B000; break;
+	case 0xc8000:
+		chip->memid = HPMEM_C800; break;
+	case 0xd0000:
+		chip->memid = HPMEM_D000; break;
+	case 0xd8000:
+		chip->memid = HPMEM_D800; break;
+	case 0xe0000:
+		chip->memid = HPMEM_E000; break;
+	case 0xe8000:
+		chip->memid = HPMEM_E800; break;
+	}
+#else
+	printk(KERN_INFO LOGNAME ": Non-PnP mode: configuring at port 0x%lx\n",
+			cfg[idx]);
+
+	if (!request_region(cfg[idx], 2, "Pinnacle/Fiji Config")) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": Config port 0x%lx conflict\n",
+			   cfg[idx]);
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	if (reset[idx])
+		if (snd_msnd_pinnacle_cfg_reset(cfg[idx])) {
+			err = -EIO;
+			goto cfg_error;
+		}
+
+	/* DSP */
+	err = snd_msnd_write_cfg_logical(cfg[idx], 0,
+					 io[idx], 0,
+					 irq[idx], mem[idx]);
+
+	if (err)
+		goto cfg_error;
+
+	/* The following are Pinnacle specific */
+
+	/* MPU */
+	if (mpu_io[idx] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT
+	    && mpu_irq[idx] != SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		printk(KERN_INFO LOGNAME
+		       ": Configuring MPU to I/O 0x%lx IRQ %d\n",
+		       mpu_io[idx], mpu_irq[idx]);
+		err = snd_msnd_write_cfg_logical(cfg[idx], 1,
+						 mpu_io[idx], 0,
+						 mpu_irq[idx], 0);
+
+		if (err)
+			goto cfg_error;
+	}
+
+	/* IDE */
+	if (ide_io0[idx] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT
+	    && ide_io1[idx] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT
+	    && ide_irq[idx] != SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		printk(KERN_INFO LOGNAME
+		       ": Configuring IDE to I/O 0x%lx, 0x%lx IRQ %d\n",
+		       ide_io0[idx], ide_io1[idx], ide_irq[idx]);
+		err = snd_msnd_write_cfg_logical(cfg[idx], 2,
+						 ide_io0[idx], ide_io1[idx],
+						 ide_irq[idx], 0);
+
+		if (err)
+			goto cfg_error;
+	}
+
+	/* Joystick */
+	if (joystick_io[idx] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		printk(KERN_INFO LOGNAME
+		       ": Configuring joystick to I/O 0x%lx\n",
+		       joystick_io[idx]);
+		err = snd_msnd_write_cfg_logical(cfg[idx], 3,
+						 joystick_io[idx], 0,
+						 0, 0);
+
+		if (err)
+			goto cfg_error;
+	}
+	release_region(cfg[idx], 2);
+
+#endif /* MSND_CLASSIC */
+
+	set_default_audio_parameters(chip);
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+	chip->type = msndClassic;
+#else
+	chip->type = msndPinnacle;
+#endif
+	chip->io = io[idx];
+	chip->irq = irq[idx];
+	chip->base = mem[idx];
+
+	chip->calibrate_signal = calibrate_signal ? 1 : 0;
+	chip->recsrc = 0;
+	chip->dspq_data_buff = DSPQ_DATA_BUFF;
+	chip->dspq_buff_size = DSPQ_BUFF_SIZE;
+	if (write_ndelay[idx])
+		clear_bit(F_DISABLE_WRITE_NDELAY, &chip->flags);
+	else
+		set_bit(F_DISABLE_WRITE_NDELAY, &chip->flags);
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+	if (digital[idx])
+		set_bit(F_HAVEDIGITAL, &chip->flags);
+#endif
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->lock);
+	err = snd_msnd_probe(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": Probe failed\n");
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_msnd_attach(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": Attach failed\n");
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return err;
+	}
+	dev_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
+
+	return 0;
+
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+cfg_error:
+	release_region(cfg[idx], 2);
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
+#endif
+}
+
+static int __devexit snd_msnd_isa_remove(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	snd_msnd_unload(dev_get_drvdata(pdev));
+	dev_set_drvdata(pdev, NULL);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define DEV_NAME "msnd-pinnacle"
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_msnd_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_msnd_isa_match,
+	.probe		= snd_msnd_isa_probe,
+	.remove		= __devexit_p(snd_msnd_isa_remove),
+	/* FIXME: suspend, resume */
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	},
+};
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int __devinit snd_msnd_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+					 const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	static int idx;
+	struct pnp_dev *pnp_dev;
+	struct pnp_dev *mpu_dev;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_msnd *chip;
+	int ret;
+
+	for ( ; idx < SNDRV_CARDS; idx++) {
+		if (has_isapnp(idx))
+			break;
+	}
+	if (idx >= SNDRV_CARDS)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	/*
+	 * Check that we still have room for another sound card ...
+	 */
+	pnp_dev = pnp_request_card_device(pcard, pid->devs[0].id, NULL);
+	if (!pnp_dev)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	mpu_dev = pnp_request_card_device(pcard, pid->devs[1].id, NULL);
+	if (!mpu_dev)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	if (!pnp_is_active(pnp_dev) && pnp_activate_dev(pnp_dev) < 0) {
+		printk(KERN_INFO "msnd_pinnacle: device is inactive\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+
+	if (!pnp_is_active(mpu_dev) && pnp_activate_dev(mpu_dev) < 0) {
+		printk(KERN_INFO "msnd_pinnacle: MPU device is inactive\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Create a new ALSA sound card entry, in anticipation
+	 * of detecting our hardware ...
+	 */
+	ret = snd_card_create(index[idx], id[idx], THIS_MODULE,
+			      sizeof(struct snd_msnd), &card);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	chip = card->private_data;
+	chip->card = card;
+	snd_card_set_dev(card, &pcard->card->dev);
+
+	/*
+	 * Read the correct parameters off the ISA PnP bus ...
+	 */
+	io[idx] = pnp_port_start(pnp_dev, 0);
+	irq[idx] = pnp_irq(pnp_dev, 0);
+	mem[idx] = pnp_mem_start(pnp_dev, 0);
+	mpu_io[idx] = pnp_port_start(mpu_dev, 0);
+	mpu_irq[idx] = pnp_irq(mpu_dev, 0);
+
+	set_default_audio_parameters(chip);
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+	chip->type = msndClassic;
+#else
+	chip->type = msndPinnacle;
+#endif
+	chip->io = io[idx];
+	chip->irq = irq[idx];
+	chip->base = mem[idx];
+
+	chip->calibrate_signal = calibrate_signal ? 1 : 0;
+	chip->recsrc = 0;
+	chip->dspq_data_buff = DSPQ_DATA_BUFF;
+	chip->dspq_buff_size = DSPQ_BUFF_SIZE;
+	if (write_ndelay[idx])
+		clear_bit(F_DISABLE_WRITE_NDELAY, &chip->flags);
+	else
+		set_bit(F_DISABLE_WRITE_NDELAY, &chip->flags);
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+	if (digital[idx])
+		set_bit(F_HAVEDIGITAL, &chip->flags);
+#endif
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->lock);
+	ret = snd_msnd_probe(card);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": Probe failed\n");
+		goto _release_card;
+	}
+
+	ret = snd_msnd_attach(card);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR LOGNAME ": Attach failed\n");
+		goto _release_card;
+	}
+
+	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
+	++idx;
+	return 0;
+
+_release_card:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void __devexit snd_msnd_pnp_remove(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	snd_msnd_unload(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, NULL);
+}
+
+static int isa_registered;
+static int pnp_registered;
+
+static struct pnp_card_device_id msnd_pnpids[] = {
+	/* Pinnacle PnP */
+	{ .id = "BVJ0440", .devs = { { "TBS0000" }, { "TBS0001" } } },
+	{ .id = "" }	/* end */
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, msnd_pnpids);
+
+static struct pnp_card_driver msnd_pnpc_driver = {
+	.flags = PNP_DRIVER_RES_DO_NOT_CHANGE,
+	.name = "msnd_pinnacle",
+	.id_table = msnd_pnpids,
+	.probe = snd_msnd_pnp_detect,
+	.remove = __devexit_p(snd_msnd_pnp_remove),
+};
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+static int __init snd_msnd_init(void)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = isa_register_driver(&snd_msnd_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (!err)
+		isa_registered = 1;
+
+	err = pnp_register_card_driver(&msnd_pnpc_driver);
+	if (!err)
+		pnp_registered = 1;
+
+	if (isa_registered)
+		err = 0;
+#endif
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void __exit snd_msnd_exit(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (pnp_registered)
+		pnp_unregister_card_driver(&msnd_pnpc_driver);
+	if (isa_registered)
+#endif
+		isa_unregister_driver(&snd_msnd_driver);
+}
+
+module_init(snd_msnd_init);
+module_exit(snd_msnd_exit);
+
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.h b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..48318d1ee340
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.h
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+/*********************************************************************
+ *
+ * msnd_pinnacle.h
+ *
+ * Turtle Beach MultiSound Sound Card Driver for Linux
+ *
+ * Some parts of this header file were derived from the Turtle Beach
+ * MultiSound Driver Development Kit.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1998 Andrew Veliath
+ * Copyright (C) 1993 Turtle Beach Systems, Inc.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+ *
+ ********************************************************************/
+#ifndef __MSND_PINNACLE_H
+#define __MSND_PINNACLE_H
+
+#define DSP_NUMIO				0x08
+
+#define IREG_LOGDEVICE				0x07
+#define IREG_ACTIVATE				0x30
+#define LD_ACTIVATE				0x01
+#define LD_DISACTIVATE				0x00
+#define IREG_EECONTROL				0x3F
+#define IREG_MEMBASEHI				0x40
+#define IREG_MEMBASELO				0x41
+#define IREG_MEMCONTROL				0x42
+#define IREG_MEMRANGEHI				0x43
+#define IREG_MEMRANGELO				0x44
+#define MEMTYPE_8BIT				0x00
+#define MEMTYPE_16BIT				0x02
+#define MEMTYPE_RANGE				0x00
+#define MEMTYPE_HIADDR				0x01
+#define IREG_IO0_BASEHI				0x60
+#define IREG_IO0_BASELO				0x61
+#define IREG_IO1_BASEHI				0x62
+#define IREG_IO1_BASELO				0x63
+#define IREG_IRQ_NUMBER				0x70
+#define IREG_IRQ_TYPE				0x71
+#define IRQTYPE_HIGH				0x02
+#define IRQTYPE_LOW				0x00
+#define IRQTYPE_LEVEL				0x01
+#define IRQTYPE_EDGE				0x00
+
+#define	HP_DSPR					0x04
+#define	HP_BLKS					0x04
+
+#define HPDSPRESET_OFF				2
+#define HPDSPRESET_ON				0
+
+#define HPBLKSEL_0				2
+#define HPBLKSEL_1				3
+
+#define	HIMT_DAT_OFF				0x03
+
+#define	HIDSP_PLAY_UNDER			0x00
+#define	HIDSP_INT_PLAY_UNDER			0x01
+#define	HIDSP_SSI_TX_UNDER  			0x02
+#define HIDSP_RECQ_OVERFLOW			0x08
+#define HIDSP_INT_RECORD_OVER			0x09
+#define HIDSP_SSI_RX_OVERFLOW			0x0a
+
+#define	HIDSP_MIDI_IN_OVER			0x10
+
+#define	HIDSP_MIDI_FRAME_ERR			0x11
+#define	HIDSP_MIDI_PARITY_ERR			0x12
+#define	HIDSP_MIDI_OVERRUN_ERR			0x13
+
+#define HIDSP_INPUT_CLIPPING			0x20
+#define	HIDSP_MIX_CLIPPING			0x30
+#define HIDSP_DAT_IN_OFF			0x21
+
+#define TIME_PRO_RESET_DONE			0x028A
+#define TIME_PRO_SYSEX				0x001E
+#define TIME_PRO_RESET				0x0032
+
+#define DAR_BUFF_SIZE				0x1000
+
+#define MIDQ_BUFF_SIZE				0x800
+#define DSPQ_BUFF_SIZE				0x5A0
+
+#define DSPQ_DATA_BUFF				0x7860
+
+#define MOP_WAVEHDR				0
+#define MOP_EXTOUT				1
+#define MOP_HWINIT				0xfe
+#define MOP_NONE				0xff
+#define MOP_MAX					1
+
+#define MIP_EXTIN				0
+#define MIP_WAVEHDR				1
+#define MIP_HWINIT				0xfe
+#define MIP_MAX					1
+
+/* Pinnacle/Fiji SMA Common Data */
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayBytes			0x0000
+#define SMA_wCurrRecordBytes			0x0002
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayVolLeft			0x0004
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayVolRight			0x0006
+#define SMA_wCurrInVolLeft			0x0008
+#define SMA_wCurrInVolRight			0x000a
+#define SMA_wCurrMHdrVolLeft			0x000c
+#define SMA_wCurrMHdrVolRight			0x000e
+#define SMA_dwCurrPlayPitch			0x0010
+#define SMA_dwCurrPlayRate			0x0014
+#define SMA_wCurrMIDIIOPatch			0x0018
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayFormat			0x001a
+#define SMA_wCurrPlaySampleSize			0x001c
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayChannels			0x001e
+#define SMA_wCurrPlaySampleRate			0x0020
+#define SMA_wCurrRecordFormat			0x0022
+#define SMA_wCurrRecordSampleSize		0x0024
+#define SMA_wCurrRecordChannels			0x0026
+#define SMA_wCurrRecordSampleRate		0x0028
+#define SMA_wCurrDSPStatusFlags			0x002a
+#define SMA_wCurrHostStatusFlags		0x002c
+#define SMA_wCurrInputTagBits			0x002e
+#define SMA_wCurrLeftPeak			0x0030
+#define SMA_wCurrRightPeak			0x0032
+#define SMA_bMicPotPosLeft			0x0034
+#define SMA_bMicPotPosRight			0x0035
+#define SMA_bMicPotMaxLeft			0x0036
+#define SMA_bMicPotMaxRight			0x0037
+#define SMA_bInPotPosLeft			0x0038
+#define SMA_bInPotPosRight			0x0039
+#define SMA_bAuxPotPosLeft			0x003a
+#define SMA_bAuxPotPosRight			0x003b
+#define SMA_bInPotMaxLeft			0x003c
+#define SMA_bInPotMaxRight			0x003d
+#define SMA_bAuxPotMaxLeft			0x003e
+#define SMA_bAuxPotMaxRight			0x003f
+#define SMA_bInPotMaxMethod			0x0040
+#define SMA_bAuxPotMaxMethod			0x0041
+#define SMA_wCurrMastVolLeft			0x0042
+#define SMA_wCurrMastVolRight			0x0044
+#define SMA_wCalFreqAtoD			0x0046
+#define SMA_wCurrAuxVolLeft			0x0048
+#define SMA_wCurrAuxVolRight			0x004a
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay1VolLeft			0x004c
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay1VolRight			0x004e
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay2VolLeft			0x0050
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay2VolRight			0x0052
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay3VolLeft			0x0054
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay3VolRight			0x0056
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay4VolLeft			0x0058
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay4VolRight			0x005a
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay1PeakLeft			0x005c
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay1PeakRight			0x005e
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay2PeakLeft			0x0060
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay2PeakRight			0x0062
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay3PeakLeft			0x0064
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay3PeakRight			0x0066
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay4PeakLeft			0x0068
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay4PeakRight			0x006a
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayPeakLeft			0x006c
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayPeakRight			0x006e
+#define SMA_wCurrDATSR				0x0070
+#define SMA_wCurrDATRXCHNL			0x0072
+#define SMA_wCurrDATTXCHNL			0x0074
+#define SMA_wCurrDATRXRate			0x0076
+#define SMA_dwDSPPlayCount			0x0078
+#define SMA__size				0x007c
+
+#define INITCODEFILE		"turtlebeach/pndspini.bin"
+#define PERMCODEFILE		"turtlebeach/pndsperm.bin"
+#define LONGNAME		"MultiSound (Pinnacle/Fiji)"
+
+#endif /* __MSND_PINNACLE_H */
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle_mixer.c b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle_mixer.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..494058a1a502
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle_mixer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,343 @@
+/***************************************************************************
+			  msnd_pinnacle_mixer.c  -  description
+			     -------------------
+    begin		: Fre Jun 7 2002
+    copyright 		: (C) 2002 by karsten wiese
+    email		: annabellesgarden@yahoo.de
+ ***************************************************************************/
+
+/***************************************************************************
+ *							      		   *
+ *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify  *
+ *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by  *
+ *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or     *
+ *   (at your option) any later version.				   *
+ *									   *
+ ***************************************************************************/
+
+#include <linux/io.h>
+
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/control.h>
+#include "msnd.h"
+#include "msnd_pinnacle.h"
+
+
+#define MSND_MIXER_VOLUME	0
+#define MSND_MIXER_PCM		1
+#define MSND_MIXER_AUX		2	/* Input source 1  (aux1) */
+#define MSND_MIXER_IMIX		3	/*  Recording monitor  */
+#define MSND_MIXER_SYNTH	4
+#define MSND_MIXER_SPEAKER	5
+#define MSND_MIXER_LINE		6
+#define MSND_MIXER_MIC		7
+#define MSND_MIXER_RECLEV	11	/* Recording level */
+#define MSND_MIXER_IGAIN	12	/* Input gain */
+#define MSND_MIXER_OGAIN	13	/* Output gain */
+#define MSND_MIXER_DIGITAL	17	/* Digital (input) 1 */
+
+/*	Device mask bits	*/
+
+#define MSND_MASK_VOLUME	(1 << MSND_MIXER_VOLUME)
+#define MSND_MASK_SYNTH		(1 << MSND_MIXER_SYNTH)
+#define MSND_MASK_PCM		(1 << MSND_MIXER_PCM)
+#define MSND_MASK_SPEAKER	(1 << MSND_MIXER_SPEAKER)
+#define MSND_MASK_LINE		(1 << MSND_MIXER_LINE)
+#define MSND_MASK_MIC		(1 << MSND_MIXER_MIC)
+#define MSND_MASK_IMIX		(1 << MSND_MIXER_IMIX)
+#define MSND_MASK_RECLEV	(1 << MSND_MIXER_RECLEV)
+#define MSND_MASK_IGAIN		(1 << MSND_MIXER_IGAIN)
+#define MSND_MASK_OGAIN		(1 << MSND_MIXER_OGAIN)
+#define MSND_MASK_AUX		(1 << MSND_MIXER_AUX)
+#define MSND_MASK_DIGITAL	(1 << MSND_MIXER_DIGITAL)
+
+static int snd_msndmix_info_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static char *texts[3] = {
+		"Analog", "MASS", "SPDIF",
+	};
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned items = test_bit(F_HAVEDIGITAL, &chip->flags) ? 3 : 2;
+
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_ENUMERATED;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.enumerated.items = items;
+	if (uinfo->value.enumerated.item >= items)
+		uinfo->value.enumerated.item = items - 1;
+	strcpy(uinfo->value.enumerated.name,
+		texts[uinfo->value.enumerated.item]);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msndmix_get_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	/* MSND_MASK_IMIX is the default */
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 0;
+
+	if (chip->recsrc & MSND_MASK_SYNTH) {
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 1;
+	} else if ((chip->recsrc & MSND_MASK_DIGITAL) &&
+		 test_bit(F_HAVEDIGITAL, &chip->flags)) {
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 2;
+	}
+
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msndmix_set_mux(struct snd_msnd *chip, int val)
+{
+	unsigned newrecsrc;
+	int change;
+	unsigned char msndbyte;
+
+	switch (val) {
+	case 0:
+		newrecsrc = MSND_MASK_IMIX;
+		msndbyte = HDEXAR_SET_ANA_IN;
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		newrecsrc = MSND_MASK_SYNTH;
+		msndbyte = HDEXAR_SET_SYNTH_IN;
+		break;
+	case 2:
+		newrecsrc = MSND_MASK_DIGITAL;
+		msndbyte = HDEXAR_SET_DAT_IN;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	change  = newrecsrc != chip->recsrc;
+	if (change) {
+		change = 0;
+		if (!snd_msnd_send_word(chip, 0, 0, msndbyte))
+			if (!snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, HDEX_AUX_REQ)) {
+				chip->recsrc = newrecsrc;
+				change = 1;
+			}
+	}
+	return change;
+}
+
+static int snd_msndmix_put_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *msnd = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	return snd_msndmix_set_mux(msnd, ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0]);
+}
+
+
+static int snd_msndmix_volume_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				   struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 2;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 100;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msndmix_volume_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				  struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *msnd = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int addr = kcontrol->private_value;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&msnd->mixer_lock, flags);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = msnd->left_levels[addr] * 100;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] /= 0xFFFF;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = msnd->right_levels[addr] * 100;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] /= 0xFFFF;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&msnd->mixer_lock, flags);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define update_volm(a, b)						\
+	do {								\
+		writew((dev->left_levels[a] >> 1) *			\
+		       readw(dev->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolLeft) / 0xffff,	\
+		       dev->SMA + SMA_##b##Left);			\
+		writew((dev->right_levels[a] >> 1)  *			\
+		       readw(dev->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolRight) / 0xffff, \
+		       dev->SMA + SMA_##b##Right);			\
+	} while (0);
+
+#define update_potm(d, s, ar)						\
+	do {								\
+		writeb((dev->left_levels[d] >> 8) *			\
+		       readw(dev->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolLeft) / 0xffff, \
+		       dev->SMA + SMA_##s##Left);			\
+		writeb((dev->right_levels[d] >> 8) *			\
+		       readw(dev->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolRight) / 0xffff, \
+		       dev->SMA + SMA_##s##Right);			\
+		if (snd_msnd_send_word(dev, 0, 0, ar) == 0)		\
+			snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(dev, HDEX_AUX_REQ);	\
+	} while (0);
+
+#define update_pot(d, s, ar)						\
+	do {								\
+		writeb(dev->left_levels[d] >> 8,			\
+		       dev->SMA + SMA_##s##Left);			\
+		writeb(dev->right_levels[d] >> 8,			\
+		       dev->SMA + SMA_##s##Right);			\
+		if (snd_msnd_send_word(dev, 0, 0, ar) == 0)		\
+			snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(dev, HDEX_AUX_REQ);	\
+	} while (0);
+
+
+static int snd_msndmix_set(struct snd_msnd *dev, int d, int left, int right)
+{
+	int bLeft, bRight;
+	int wLeft, wRight;
+	int updatemaster = 0;
+
+	if (d >= LEVEL_ENTRIES)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	bLeft = left * 0xff / 100;
+	wLeft = left * 0xffff / 100;
+
+	bRight = right * 0xff / 100;
+	wRight = right * 0xffff / 100;
+
+	dev->left_levels[d] = wLeft;
+	dev->right_levels[d] = wRight;
+
+	switch (d) {
+		/* master volume unscaled controls */
+	case MSND_MIXER_LINE:			/* line pot control */
+		/* scaled by IMIX in digital mix */
+		writeb(bLeft, dev->SMA + SMA_bInPotPosLeft);
+		writeb(bRight, dev->SMA + SMA_bInPotPosRight);
+		if (snd_msnd_send_word(dev, 0, 0, HDEXAR_IN_SET_POTS) == 0)
+			snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(dev, HDEX_AUX_REQ);
+		break;
+	case MSND_MIXER_MIC:			/* mic pot control */
+		if (dev->type == msndClassic)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		/* scaled by IMIX in digital mix */
+		writeb(bLeft, dev->SMA + SMA_bMicPotPosLeft);
+		writeb(bRight, dev->SMA + SMA_bMicPotPosRight);
+		if (snd_msnd_send_word(dev, 0, 0, HDEXAR_MIC_SET_POTS) == 0)
+			snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(dev, HDEX_AUX_REQ);
+		break;
+	case MSND_MIXER_VOLUME:		/* master volume */
+		writew(wLeft, dev->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolLeft);
+		writew(wRight, dev->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolRight);
+		/* fall through */
+
+	case MSND_MIXER_AUX:			/* aux pot control */
+		/* scaled by master volume */
+		/* fall through */
+
+		/* digital controls */
+	case MSND_MIXER_SYNTH:			/* synth vol (dsp mix) */
+	case MSND_MIXER_PCM:			/* pcm vol (dsp mix) */
+	case MSND_MIXER_IMIX:			/* input monitor (dsp mix) */
+		/* scaled by master volume */
+		updatemaster = 1;
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (updatemaster) {
+		/* update master volume scaled controls */
+		update_volm(MSND_MIXER_PCM, wCurrPlayVol);
+		update_volm(MSND_MIXER_IMIX, wCurrInVol);
+		if (dev->type == msndPinnacle)
+			update_volm(MSND_MIXER_SYNTH, wCurrMHdrVol);
+		update_potm(MSND_MIXER_AUX, bAuxPotPos, HDEXAR_AUX_SET_POTS);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msndmix_volume_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				  struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *msnd = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int change, addr = kcontrol->private_value;
+	int left, right;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	left = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] % 101;
+	right = ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] % 101;
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&msnd->mixer_lock, flags);
+	change = msnd->left_levels[addr] != left
+		|| msnd->right_levels[addr] != right;
+	snd_msndmix_set(msnd, addr, left, right);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&msnd->mixer_lock, flags);
+	return change;
+}
+
+
+#define DUMMY_VOLUME(xname, xindex, addr) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .info = snd_msndmix_volume_info, \
+  .get = snd_msndmix_volume_get, .put = snd_msndmix_volume_put, \
+  .private_value = addr }
+
+
+static struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_msnd_controls[] = {
+DUMMY_VOLUME("Master Volume", 0, MSND_MIXER_VOLUME),
+DUMMY_VOLUME("PCM Volume", 0, MSND_MIXER_PCM),
+DUMMY_VOLUME("Aux Volume", 0, MSND_MIXER_AUX),
+DUMMY_VOLUME("Line Volume", 0, MSND_MIXER_LINE),
+DUMMY_VOLUME("Mic Volume", 0, MSND_MIXER_MIC),
+DUMMY_VOLUME("Monitor",	0, MSND_MIXER_IMIX),
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "Capture Source",
+	.info = snd_msndmix_info_mux,
+	.get = snd_msndmix_get_mux,
+	.put = snd_msndmix_put_mux,
+}
+};
+
+
+int __devinit snd_msndmix_new(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = card->private_data;
+	unsigned int idx;
+	int err;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!chip))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->mixer_lock);
+	strcpy(card->mixername, "MSND Pinnacle Mixer");
+
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_msnd_controls); idx++)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card,
+				  snd_ctl_new1(snd_msnd_controls + idx, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msndmix_new);
+
+void snd_msndmix_setup(struct snd_msnd *dev)
+{
+	update_pot(MSND_MIXER_LINE, bInPotPos, HDEXAR_IN_SET_POTS);
+	update_potm(MSND_MIXER_AUX, bAuxPotPos, HDEXAR_AUX_SET_POTS);
+	update_volm(MSND_MIXER_PCM, wCurrPlayVol);
+	update_volm(MSND_MIXER_IMIX, wCurrInVol);
+	if (dev->type == msndPinnacle) {
+		update_pot(MSND_MIXER_MIC, bMicPotPos, HDEXAR_MIC_SET_POTS);
+		update_volm(MSND_MIXER_SYNTH, wCurrMHdrVol);
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msndmix_setup);
+
+int snd_msndmix_force_recsrc(struct snd_msnd *dev, int recsrc)
+{
+	dev->recsrc = -1;
+	return snd_msndmix_set_mux(dev, recsrc);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msndmix_force_recsrc);
diff --git a/sound/isa/opl3sa2.c b/sound/isa/opl3sa2.c
index 58c972b2af03..ef95279da7a3 100644
--- a/sound/isa/opl3sa2.c
+++ b/sound/isa/opl3sa2.c
@@ -179,12 +179,13 @@ static unsigned char __snd_opl3sa2_read(struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip, unsigned char
 	unsigned char result;
 #if 0
 	outb(0x1d, port);	/* password */
-	printk("read [0x%lx] = 0x%x\n", port, inb(port));
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG "read [0x%lx] = 0x%x\n", port, inb(port));
 #endif
 	outb(reg, chip->port);	/* register */
 	result = inb(chip->port + 1);
 #if 0
-	printk("read [0x%lx] = 0x%x [0x%x]\n", port, result, inb(port));
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG "read [0x%lx] = 0x%x [0x%x]\n",
+	       port, result, inb(port));
 #endif
 	return result;
 }
@@ -233,7 +234,10 @@ static int __devinit snd_opl3sa2_detect(struct snd_card *card)
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "can't grab port 0x%lx\n", port);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
-	// snd_printk("REG 0A = 0x%x\n", snd_opl3sa2_read(chip, 0x0a));
+	/*
+	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "REG 0A = 0x%x\n",
+		   snd_opl3sa2_read(chip, 0x0a));
+	*/
 	chip->version = 0;
 	tmp = snd_opl3sa2_read(chip, OPL3SA2_MISC);
 	if (tmp == 0xff) {
@@ -550,21 +554,27 @@ static int __devinit snd_opl3sa2_mixer(struct snd_card *card)
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM
 static int snd_opl3sa2_suspend(struct snd_card *card, pm_message_t state)
 {
-	struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip = card->private_data;
+	if (card) {
+		struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip = card->private_data;
 
-	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
-	chip->wss->suspend(chip->wss);
-	/* power down */
-	snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA2_PM_CTRL, OPL3SA2_PM_D3);
+		snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+		chip->wss->suspend(chip->wss);
+		/* power down */
+		snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA2_PM_CTRL, OPL3SA2_PM_D3);
+	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int snd_opl3sa2_resume(struct snd_card *card)
 {
-	struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip;
 	int i;
 
+	if (!card)
+		return 0;
+
+	chip = card->private_data;
 	/* power up */
 	snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA2_PM_CTRL, OPL3SA2_PM_D0);
 
@@ -613,25 +623,28 @@ static void snd_opl3sa2_free(struct snd_card *card)
 {
 	struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip = card->private_data;
 	if (chip->irq >= 0)
-		free_irq(chip->irq, (void *)chip);
+		free_irq(chip->irq, card);
 	release_and_free_resource(chip->res_port);
 }
 
-static struct snd_card *snd_opl3sa2_card_new(int dev)
+static int snd_opl3sa2_card_new(int dev, struct snd_card **cardp)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip;
+	int err;
 
-	card = snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE, sizeof(struct snd_opl3sa2));
-	if (card == NULL)
-		return NULL;
+	err = snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+			      sizeof(struct snd_opl3sa2), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 	strcpy(card->driver, "OPL3SA2");
-	strcpy(card->shortname, "Yamaha OPL3-SA2");
+	strcpy(card->shortname, "Yamaha OPL3-SA");
 	chip = card->private_data;
 	spin_lock_init(&chip->reg_lock);
 	chip->irq = -1;
 	card->private_free = snd_opl3sa2_free;
-	return card;
+	*cardp = card;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int __devinit snd_opl3sa2_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
@@ -723,9 +736,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_opl3sa2_pnp_detect(struct pnp_dev *pdev,
 	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	card = snd_opl3sa2_card_new(dev);
-	if (! card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = snd_opl3sa2_card_new(dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 	if ((err = snd_opl3sa2_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pdev)) < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
@@ -789,9 +802,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_opl3sa2_pnp_cdetect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	card = snd_opl3sa2_card_new(dev);
-	if (! card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = snd_opl3sa2_card_new(dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 	if ((err = snd_opl3sa2_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pdev)) < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
@@ -870,9 +883,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_opl3sa2_isa_probe(struct device *pdev,
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	int err;
 
-	card = snd_opl3sa2_card_new(dev);
-	if (! card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = snd_opl3sa2_card_new(dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 	snd_card_set_dev(card, pdev);
 	if ((err = snd_opl3sa2_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
diff --git a/sound/isa/opti9xx/miro.c b/sound/isa/opti9xx/miro.c
index 440755cc0013..02e30d7c6a93 100644
--- a/sound/isa/opti9xx/miro.c
+++ b/sound/isa/opti9xx/miro.c
@@ -1228,9 +1228,10 @@ static int __devinit snd_miro_probe(struct device *devptr, unsigned int n)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
 
-	if (!(card = snd_card_new(index, id, THIS_MODULE,
-				  sizeof(struct snd_miro))))
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	error = snd_card_create(index, id, THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_miro), &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	card->private_free = snd_card_miro_free;
 	miro = card->private_data;
diff --git a/sound/isa/opti9xx/opti92x-ad1848.c b/sound/isa/opti9xx/opti92x-ad1848.c
index 19706b0d8497..5cd555325b9d 100644
--- a/sound/isa/opti9xx/opti92x-ad1848.c
+++ b/sound/isa/opti9xx/opti92x-ad1848.c
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ static int __devinit snd_opti9xx_init(struct snd_opti9xx *chip,
 #endif	/* OPTi93X */
 
 	default:
-		snd_printk("chip %d not supported\n", hardware);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "chip %d not supported\n", hardware);
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ static unsigned char snd_opti9xx_read(struct snd_opti9xx *chip,
 #endif	/* OPTi93X */
 
 	default:
-		snd_printk("chip %d not supported\n", chip->hardware);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "chip %d not supported\n", chip->hardware);
 	}
 
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->lock, flags);
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ static void snd_opti9xx_write(struct snd_opti9xx *chip, unsigned char reg,
 #endif	/* OPTi93X */
 
 	default:
-		snd_printk("chip %d not supported\n", chip->hardware);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "chip %d not supported\n", chip->hardware);
 	}
 
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->lock, flags);
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ static int __devinit snd_opti9xx_configure(struct snd_opti9xx *chip)
 #endif	/* OPTi93X */
 
 	default:
-		snd_printk("chip %d not supported\n", chip->hardware);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "chip %d not supported\n", chip->hardware);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
@@ -430,7 +430,8 @@ static int __devinit snd_opti9xx_configure(struct snd_opti9xx *chip)
 		wss_base_bits = 0x02;
 		break;
 	default:
-		snd_printk("WSS port 0x%lx not valid\n", chip->wss_base);
+		snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "WSS port 0x%lx not valid\n",
+			   chip->wss_base);
 		goto __skip_base;
 	}
 	snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(1), wss_base_bits << 4, 0x30);
@@ -455,7 +456,7 @@ __skip_base:
 		irq_bits = 0x04;
 		break;
 	default:
-		snd_printk("WSS irq # %d not valid\n", chip->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "WSS irq # %d not valid\n", chip->irq);
 		goto __skip_resources;
 	}
 
@@ -470,13 +471,14 @@ __skip_base:
 		dma_bits = 0x03;
 		break;
 	default:
-		snd_printk("WSS dma1 # %d not valid\n", chip->dma1);
+		snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "WSS dma1 # %d not valid\n",
+			   chip->dma1);
 		goto __skip_resources;
 	}
 
 #if defined(CS4231) || defined(OPTi93X)
 	if (chip->dma1 == chip->dma2) {
-		snd_printk("don't want to share dmas\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "don't want to share dmas\n");
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
 
@@ -485,7 +487,8 @@ __skip_base:
 	case 1:
 		break;
 	default:
-		snd_printk("WSS dma2 # %d not valid\n", chip->dma2);
+		snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "WSS dma2 # %d not valid\n",
+			   chip->dma2);
 		goto __skip_resources;
 	}
 	dma_bits |= 0x04;
@@ -516,7 +519,8 @@ __skip_resources:
 			mpu_port_bits = 0x00;
 			break;
 		default:
-			snd_printk("MPU-401 port 0x%lx not valid\n",
+			snd_printk(KERN_WARNING
+				   "MPU-401 port 0x%lx not valid\n",
 				chip->mpu_port);
 			goto __skip_mpu;
 		}
@@ -535,7 +539,7 @@ __skip_resources:
 			mpu_irq_bits = 0x01;
 			break;
 		default:
-			snd_printk("MPU-401 irq # %d not valid\n",
+			snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "MPU-401 irq # %d not valid\n",
 				chip->mpu_irq);
 			goto __skip_mpu;
 		}
@@ -726,7 +730,7 @@ static int __devinit snd_opti9xx_probe(struct snd_card *card)
 	if (chip->wss_base == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
 		chip->wss_base = snd_legacy_find_free_ioport(possible_ports, 4);
 		if (chip->wss_base < 0) {
-			snd_printk("unable to find a free WSS port\n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to find a free WSS port\n");
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 	}
@@ -815,14 +819,8 @@ static int __devinit snd_opti9xx_probe(struct snd_card *card)
 				   chip->fm_port, chip->fm_port + 4 - 1);
 		}
 		if (opl3) {
-#ifdef CS4231
-			const int t1dev = 1;
-#else
-			const int t1dev = 0;
-#endif
-			if ((error = snd_opl3_timer_new(opl3, t1dev, t1dev+1)) < 0)
-				return error;
-			if ((error = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, &synth)) < 0)
+			error = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, &synth);
+			if (error < 0)
 				return error;
 		}
 	}
@@ -830,15 +828,18 @@ static int __devinit snd_opti9xx_probe(struct snd_card *card)
 	return snd_card_register(card);
 }
 
-static struct snd_card *snd_opti9xx_card_new(void)
+static int snd_opti9xx_card_new(struct snd_card **cardp)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card;
+	int err;
 
-	card = snd_card_new(index, id, THIS_MODULE, sizeof(struct snd_opti9xx));
-	if (! card)
-		return NULL;
+	err = snd_card_create(index, id, THIS_MODULE,
+			      sizeof(struct snd_opti9xx), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 	card->private_free = snd_card_opti9xx_free;
-	return card;
+	*cardp = card;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int __devinit snd_opti9xx_isa_match(struct device *devptr,
@@ -897,15 +898,15 @@ static int __devinit snd_opti9xx_isa_probe(struct device *devptr,
 #if defined(CS4231) || defined(OPTi93X)
 	if (dma2 == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
 		if ((dma2 = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dma2s[dma1 % 4])) < 0) {
-			snd_printk("unable to find a free DMA2\n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to find a free DMA2\n");
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 	}
 #endif
 
-	card = snd_opti9xx_card_new();
-	if (! card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	error = snd_opti9xx_card_new(&card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	if ((error = snd_card_opti9xx_detect(card, card->private_data)) < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
@@ -950,9 +951,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_opti9xx_pnp_probe(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 		return -EBUSY;
 	if (! isapnp)
 		return -ENODEV;
-	card = snd_opti9xx_card_new();
-	if (! card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	error = snd_opti9xx_card_new(&card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
 	chip = card->private_data;
 
 	hw = snd_card_opti9xx_pnp(chip, pcard, pid);
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/es968.c b/sound/isa/sb/es968.c
index c8c8e214c843..cafc3a7316a8 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sb/es968.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/es968.c
@@ -108,9 +108,10 @@ static int __devinit snd_card_es968_probe(int dev,
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	struct snd_card_es968 *acard;
 
-	if ((card = snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
-				 sizeof(struct snd_card_es968))) == NULL)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	error = snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_card_es968), &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
 	acard = card->private_data;
 	if ((error = snd_card_es968_pnp(dev, acard, pcard, pid))) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb16.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb16.c
index 2c201f78ce50..519c36346dec 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sb/sb16.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb16.c
@@ -324,14 +324,18 @@ static void snd_sb16_free(struct snd_card *card)
 #define is_isapnp_selected(dev)		0
 #endif
 
-static struct snd_card *snd_sb16_card_new(int dev)
+static int snd_sb16_card_new(int dev, struct snd_card **cardp)
 {
-	struct snd_card *card = snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
-					sizeof(struct snd_card_sb16));
-	if (card == NULL)
-		return NULL;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+			      sizeof(struct snd_card_sb16), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 	card->private_free = snd_sb16_free;
-	return card;
+	*cardp = card;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int __devinit snd_sb16_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
@@ -489,9 +493,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_sb16_isa_probe1(int dev, struct device *pdev)
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	int err;
 
-	card = snd_sb16_card_new(dev);
-	if (! card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = snd_sb16_card_new(dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 
 	acard = card->private_data;
 	/* non-PnP FM port address is hardwired with base port address */
@@ -610,9 +614,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_sb16_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 	for ( ; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; dev++) {
 		if (!enable[dev] || !isapnp[dev])
 			continue;
-		card = snd_sb16_card_new(dev);
-		if (! card)
-			return -ENOMEM;
+		res = snd_sb16_card_new(dev, &card);
+		if (res < 0)
+			return res;
 		snd_card_set_dev(card, &pcard->card->dev);
 		if ((res = snd_card_sb16_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid)) < 0 ||
 		    (res = snd_sb16_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb8.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb8.c
index ea06877be4b1..3cd57ee54660 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sb/sb8.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb8.c
@@ -103,10 +103,10 @@ static int __devinit snd_sb8_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
 	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
 	int err;
 
-	card = snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
-			    sizeof(struct snd_sb8));
-	if (card == NULL)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+			      sizeof(struct snd_sb8), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 	acard = card->private_data;
 	card->private_free = snd_sb8_free;
 
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb_mixer.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb_mixer.c
index 406a431af91e..475220bbcc96 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sb/sb_mixer.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb_mixer.c
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ static int snd_sbmixer_put_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_
 
 static int snd_dt019x_input_sw_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
 {
-	static char *texts[5] = {
+	static const char *texts[5] = {
 		"CD", "Mic", "Line", "Synth", "Master"
 	};
 
@@ -269,12 +269,73 @@ static int snd_dt019x_input_sw_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl
 }
 
 /*
+ * ALS4000 mono recording control switch
+ */
+
+static int snd_als4k_mono_capture_route_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					     struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char *texts[3] = {
+		"L chan only", "R chan only", "L ch/2 + R ch/2"
+	};
+
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_ENUMERATED;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.enumerated.items = 3;
+	if (uinfo->value.enumerated.item > 2)
+		uinfo->value.enumerated.item = 2;
+	strcpy(uinfo->value.enumerated.name,
+	       texts[uinfo->value.enumerated.item]);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_als4k_mono_capture_route_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *sb = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned long flags;
+	unsigned char oval;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&sb->mixer_lock, flags);
+	oval = snd_sbmixer_read(sb, SB_ALS4000_MONO_IO_CTRL);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&sb->mixer_lock, flags);
+	oval >>= 6;
+	if (oval > 2)
+		oval = 2;
+
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = oval;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_als4k_mono_capture_route_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *sb = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned long flags;
+	int change;
+	unsigned char nval, oval;
+
+	if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] > 2)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&sb->mixer_lock, flags);
+	oval = snd_sbmixer_read(sb, SB_ALS4000_MONO_IO_CTRL);
+
+	nval = (oval & ~(3 << 6))
+	     | (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] << 6);
+	change = nval != oval;
+	if (change)
+		snd_sbmixer_write(sb, SB_ALS4000_MONO_IO_CTRL, nval);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&sb->mixer_lock, flags);
+	return change;
+}
+
+/*
  * SBPRO input multiplexer
  */
 
 static int snd_sb8mixer_info_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
 {
-	static char *texts[3] = {
+	static const char *texts[3] = {
 		"Mic", "CD", "Line"
 	};
 
@@ -442,6 +503,12 @@ int snd_sbmixer_add_ctl(struct snd_sb *chip, const char *name, int index, int ty
 			.get = snd_dt019x_input_sw_get,
 			.put = snd_dt019x_input_sw_put,
 		},
+		[SB_MIX_MONO_CAPTURE_ALS4K] = {
+			.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+			.info = snd_als4k_mono_capture_route_info,
+			.get = snd_als4k_mono_capture_route_get,
+			.put = snd_als4k_mono_capture_route_put,
+		},
 	};
 	struct snd_kcontrol *ctl;
 	int err;
@@ -636,6 +703,8 @@ static struct sbmix_elem snd_dt019x_ctl_capture_source =
 	};
 
 static struct sbmix_elem *snd_dt019x_controls[] = {
+	/* ALS4000 below has some parts which we might be lacking,
+	 * e.g. snd_als4000_ctl_mono_playback_switch - check it! */
 	&snd_dt019x_ctl_master_play_vol,
 	&snd_dt019x_ctl_pcm_play_vol,
 	&snd_dt019x_ctl_synth_play_vol,
@@ -666,18 +735,21 @@ static unsigned char snd_dt019x_init_values[][2] = {
 /*
  * ALS4000 specific mixer elements
  */
-/* FIXME: SB_ALS4000_MONO_IO_CTRL needs output select ctrl! */
 static struct sbmix_elem snd_als4000_ctl_master_mono_playback_switch =
 	SB_SINGLE("Master Mono Playback Switch", SB_ALS4000_MONO_IO_CTRL, 5, 1);
-static struct sbmix_elem snd_als4000_ctl_master_mono_capture_route =
-	SB_SINGLE("Master Mono Capture Route", SB_ALS4000_MONO_IO_CTRL, 6, 0x03);
-/* FIXME: mono playback switch also available on DT019X? */
+static struct sbmix_elem snd_als4k_ctl_master_mono_capture_route = {
+		.name = "Master Mono Capture Route",
+		.type = SB_MIX_MONO_CAPTURE_ALS4K
+	};
 static struct sbmix_elem snd_als4000_ctl_mono_playback_switch =
 	SB_SINGLE("Mono Playback Switch", SB_DT019X_OUTPUT_SW2, 0, 1);
 static struct sbmix_elem snd_als4000_ctl_mic_20db_boost =
 	SB_SINGLE("Mic Boost (+20dB)", SB_ALS4000_MIC_IN_GAIN, 0, 0x03);
-static struct sbmix_elem snd_als4000_ctl_mixer_loopback =
-	SB_SINGLE("Analog Loopback", SB_ALS4000_MIC_IN_GAIN, 7, 0x01);
+static struct sbmix_elem snd_als4000_ctl_mixer_analog_loopback =
+	SB_SINGLE("Analog Loopback Switch", SB_ALS4000_MIC_IN_GAIN, 7, 0x01);
+static struct sbmix_elem snd_als4000_ctl_mixer_digital_loopback =
+	SB_SINGLE("Digital Loopback Switch",
+		  SB_ALS4000_CR3_CONFIGURATION, 7, 0x01);
 /* FIXME: functionality of 3D controls might be swapped, I didn't find
  * a description of how to identify what is supposed to be what */
 static struct sbmix_elem snd_als4000_3d_control_switch =
@@ -694,6 +766,9 @@ static struct sbmix_elem snd_als4000_3d_control_delay =
 	SB_SINGLE("3D Control - Wide", SB_ALS4000_3D_TIME_DELAY, 0, 0x0f);
 static struct sbmix_elem snd_als4000_3d_control_poweroff_switch =
 	SB_SINGLE("3D PowerOff Switch", SB_ALS4000_3D_TIME_DELAY, 4, 0x01);
+static struct sbmix_elem snd_als4000_ctl_3db_freq_control_switch =
+	SB_SINGLE("Master Playback 8kHz / 20kHz LPF Switch",
+		  SB_ALS4000_FMDAC, 5, 0x01);
 #ifdef NOT_AVAILABLE
 static struct sbmix_elem snd_als4000_ctl_fmdac =
 	SB_SINGLE("FMDAC Switch (Option ?)", SB_ALS4000_FMDAC, 0, 0x01);
@@ -702,35 +777,37 @@ static struct sbmix_elem snd_als4000_ctl_qsound =
 #endif
 
 static struct sbmix_elem *snd_als4000_controls[] = {
-	&snd_sb16_ctl_master_play_vol,
-	&snd_dt019x_ctl_pcm_play_switch,
-	&snd_sb16_ctl_pcm_play_vol,
-	&snd_sb16_ctl_synth_capture_route,
-	&snd_dt019x_ctl_synth_play_switch,
-	&snd_sb16_ctl_synth_play_vol,
-	&snd_sb16_ctl_cd_capture_route,
-	&snd_sb16_ctl_cd_play_switch,
-	&snd_sb16_ctl_cd_play_vol,
-	&snd_sb16_ctl_line_capture_route,
-	&snd_sb16_ctl_line_play_switch,
-	&snd_sb16_ctl_line_play_vol,
-	&snd_sb16_ctl_mic_capture_route,
-	&snd_als4000_ctl_mic_20db_boost,
-	&snd_sb16_ctl_auto_mic_gain,
-	&snd_sb16_ctl_mic_play_switch,
-	&snd_sb16_ctl_mic_play_vol,
-	&snd_sb16_ctl_pc_speaker_vol,
-	&snd_sb16_ctl_capture_vol,
-	&snd_sb16_ctl_play_vol,
-	&snd_als4000_ctl_master_mono_playback_switch,
-	&snd_als4000_ctl_master_mono_capture_route,
-	&snd_als4000_ctl_mono_playback_switch,
-	&snd_als4000_ctl_mixer_loopback,
-	&snd_als4000_3d_control_switch,
-	&snd_als4000_3d_control_ratio,
-	&snd_als4000_3d_control_freq,
-	&snd_als4000_3d_control_delay,
-	&snd_als4000_3d_control_poweroff_switch,
+						/* ALS4000a.PDF regs page */
+	&snd_sb16_ctl_master_play_vol,		/* MX30/31 12 */
+	&snd_dt019x_ctl_pcm_play_switch,	/* MX4C    16 */
+	&snd_sb16_ctl_pcm_play_vol,		/* MX32/33 12 */
+	&snd_sb16_ctl_synth_capture_route,	/* MX3D/3E 14 */
+	&snd_dt019x_ctl_synth_play_switch,	/* MX4C    16 */
+	&snd_sb16_ctl_synth_play_vol,		/* MX34/35 12/13 */
+	&snd_sb16_ctl_cd_capture_route,		/* MX3D/3E 14 */
+	&snd_sb16_ctl_cd_play_switch,		/* MX3C    14 */
+	&snd_sb16_ctl_cd_play_vol,		/* MX36/37 13 */
+	&snd_sb16_ctl_line_capture_route,	/* MX3D/3E 14 */
+	&snd_sb16_ctl_line_play_switch,		/* MX3C    14 */
+	&snd_sb16_ctl_line_play_vol,		/* MX38/39 13 */
+	&snd_sb16_ctl_mic_capture_route,	/* MX3D/3E 14 */
+	&snd_als4000_ctl_mic_20db_boost,	/* MX4D    16 */
+	&snd_sb16_ctl_mic_play_switch,		/* MX3C    14 */
+	&snd_sb16_ctl_mic_play_vol,		/* MX3A    13 */
+	&snd_sb16_ctl_pc_speaker_vol,		/* MX3B    14 */
+	&snd_sb16_ctl_capture_vol,		/* MX3F/40 15 */
+	&snd_sb16_ctl_play_vol,			/* MX41/42 15 */
+	&snd_als4000_ctl_master_mono_playback_switch, /* MX4C 16 */
+	&snd_als4k_ctl_master_mono_capture_route, /* MX4B  16 */
+	&snd_als4000_ctl_mono_playback_switch,	/* MX4C    16 */
+	&snd_als4000_ctl_mixer_analog_loopback, /* MX4D    16 */
+	&snd_als4000_ctl_mixer_digital_loopback, /* CR3    21 */
+	&snd_als4000_3d_control_switch,		 /* MX50   17 */
+	&snd_als4000_3d_control_ratio,		 /* MX50   17 */
+	&snd_als4000_3d_control_freq,		 /* MX50   17 */
+	&snd_als4000_3d_control_delay,		 /* MX51   18 */
+	&snd_als4000_3d_control_poweroff_switch,	/* MX51    18 */
+	&snd_als4000_ctl_3db_freq_control_switch,	/* MX4F    17 */
 #ifdef NOT_AVAILABLE
 	&snd_als4000_ctl_fmdac,
 	&snd_als4000_ctl_qsound,
@@ -905,13 +982,14 @@ static unsigned char dt019x_saved_regs[] = {
 };
 
 static unsigned char als4000_saved_regs[] = {
+	/* please verify in dsheet whether regs to be added
+	   are actually real H/W or just dummy */
 	SB_DSP4_MASTER_DEV, SB_DSP4_MASTER_DEV + 1,
 	SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW,
 	SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV, SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV + 1,
 	SB_DSP4_INPUT_LEFT, SB_DSP4_INPUT_RIGHT,
 	SB_DSP4_SYNTH_DEV, SB_DSP4_SYNTH_DEV + 1,
 	SB_DSP4_CD_DEV, SB_DSP4_CD_DEV + 1,
-	SB_DSP4_MIC_AGC,
 	SB_DSP4_MIC_DEV,
 	SB_DSP4_SPEAKER_DEV,
 	SB_DSP4_IGAIN_DEV, SB_DSP4_IGAIN_DEV + 1,
@@ -919,8 +997,10 @@ static unsigned char als4000_saved_regs[] = {
 	SB_DT019X_OUTPUT_SW2,
 	SB_ALS4000_MONO_IO_CTRL,
 	SB_ALS4000_MIC_IN_GAIN,
+	SB_ALS4000_FMDAC,
 	SB_ALS4000_3D_SND_FX,
 	SB_ALS4000_3D_TIME_DELAY,
+	SB_ALS4000_CR3_CONFIGURATION,
 };
 
 static void save_mixer(struct snd_sb *chip, unsigned char *regs, int num_regs)
diff --git a/sound/isa/sc6000.c b/sound/isa/sc6000.c
index ca35924dc3b3..782010608ef4 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sc6000.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sc6000.c
@@ -489,9 +489,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_sc6000_probe(struct device *devptr, unsigned int dev)
 	char __iomem *vmss_port;
 
 
-	card = snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE, 0);
-	if (!card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE, 0, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 
 	if (xirq == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
 		xirq = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs);
@@ -576,10 +576,6 @@ static int __devinit snd_sc6000_probe(struct device *devptr, unsigned int dev)
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "no OPL device at 0x%x-0x%x ?\n",
 			   0x388, 0x388 + 2);
 	} else {
-		err = snd_opl3_timer_new(opl3, 0, 1);
-		if (err < 0)
-			goto err_unmap2;
-
 		err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto err_unmap2;
diff --git a/sound/isa/sgalaxy.c b/sound/isa/sgalaxy.c
index 2c7503bf1271..6fe27b9d9440 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sgalaxy.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sgalaxy.c
@@ -243,9 +243,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_sgalaxy_probe(struct device *devptr, unsigned int dev)
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	struct snd_wss *chip;
 
-	card = snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE, 0);
-	if (card == NULL)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE, 0, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 
 	xirq = irq[dev];
 	if (xirq == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
diff --git a/sound/isa/sscape.c b/sound/isa/sscape.c
index 48a16d865834..66187122377c 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sscape.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sscape.c
@@ -89,9 +89,6 @@ MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, sscape_pnpids);
 #endif
 
 
-#define MPU401_IO(i)     ((i) + 0)
-#define MIDI_DATA_IO(i)  ((i) + 0)
-#define MIDI_CTRL_IO(i)  ((i) + 1)
 #define HOST_CTRL_IO(i)  ((i) + 2)
 #define HOST_DATA_IO(i)  ((i) + 3)
 #define ODIE_ADDR_IO(i)  ((i) + 4)
@@ -129,9 +126,6 @@ enum GA_REG {
 #define DMA_8BIT  0x80
 
 
-#define AD1845_FREQ_SEL_MSB    0x16
-#define AD1845_FREQ_SEL_LSB    0x17
-
 enum card_type {
 	SSCAPE,
 	SSCAPE_PNP,
@@ -141,8 +135,6 @@ enum card_type {
 struct soundscape {
 	spinlock_t lock;
 	unsigned io_base;
-	unsigned wss_base;
-	int codec_type;
 	int ic_type;
 	enum card_type type;
 	struct resource *io_res;
@@ -330,7 +322,7 @@ static int host_write_ctrl_unsafe(unsigned io_base, unsigned char data,
  */
 static inline int verify_mpu401(const struct snd_mpu401 * mpu)
 {
-	return ((inb(MIDI_CTRL_IO(mpu->port)) & 0xc0) == 0x80);
+	return ((inb(MPU401C(mpu)) & 0xc0) == 0x80);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -338,7 +330,7 @@ static inline int verify_mpu401(const struct snd_mpu401 * mpu)
  */
 static inline void initialise_mpu401(const struct snd_mpu401 * mpu)
 {
-	outb(0, MIDI_DATA_IO(mpu->port));
+	outb(0, MPU401D(mpu));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -396,20 +388,20 @@ static int sscape_wait_dma_unsafe(unsigned io_base, enum GA_REG reg, unsigned ti
  */
 static int obp_startup_ack(struct soundscape *s, unsigned timeout)
 {
-	while (timeout != 0) {
+	unsigned long end_time = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(timeout);
+
+	do {
 		unsigned long flags;
 		unsigned char x;
 
-		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
-
 		spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
 		x = inb(HOST_DATA_IO(s->io_base));
 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
 		if ((x & 0xfe) == 0xfe)
 			return 1;
 
-		--timeout;
-	} /* while */
+		msleep(10);
+	} while (time_before(jiffies, end_time));
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -423,20 +415,20 @@ static int obp_startup_ack(struct soundscape *s, unsigned timeout)
  */
 static int host_startup_ack(struct soundscape *s, unsigned timeout)
 {
-	while (timeout != 0) {
+	unsigned long end_time = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(timeout);
+
+	do {
 		unsigned long flags;
 		unsigned char x;
 
-		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
-
 		spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
 		x = inb(HOST_DATA_IO(s->io_base));
 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
 		if (x == 0xfe)
 			return 1;
 
-		--timeout;
-	} /* while */
+		msleep(10);
+	} while (time_before(jiffies, end_time));
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -532,10 +524,10 @@ static int upload_dma_data(struct soundscape *s,
 	 * give it 5 seconds (max) ...
 	 */
 	ret = 0;
-	if (!obp_startup_ack(s, 5)) {
+	if (!obp_startup_ack(s, 5000)) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: No response from on-board processor after upload\n");
 		ret = -EAGAIN;
-	} else if (!host_startup_ack(s, 5)) {
+	} else if (!host_startup_ack(s, 5000)) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: SoundScape failed to initialise\n");
 		ret = -EAGAIN;
 	}
@@ -732,13 +724,7 @@ static int sscape_midi_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 	unsigned long flags;
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
-	set_host_mode_unsafe(s->io_base);
-
-	if (host_write_ctrl_unsafe(s->io_base, CMD_GET_MIDI_VOL, 100)) {
-		uctl->value.integer.value[0] = host_read_ctrl_unsafe(s->io_base, 100);
-	}
-
-	set_midi_mode_unsafe(s->io_base);
+	uctl->value.integer.value[0] = s->midi_vol;
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -773,6 +759,7 @@ static int sscape_midi_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 	change = (host_write_ctrl_unsafe(s->io_base, CMD_SET_MIDI_VOL, 100)
 	          && host_write_ctrl_unsafe(s->io_base, ((unsigned char) uctl->value.integer. value[0]) & 127, 100)
 	          && host_write_ctrl_unsafe(s->io_base, CMD_XXX_MIDI_VOL, 100));
+	s->midi_vol = (unsigned char) uctl->value.integer.value[0] & 127;
       __skip_change:
 
 	/*
@@ -815,12 +802,11 @@ static unsigned __devinit get_irq_config(int irq)
  * Perform certain arcane port-checks to see whether there
  * is a SoundScape board lurking behind the given ports.
  */
-static int __devinit detect_sscape(struct soundscape *s)
+static int __devinit detect_sscape(struct soundscape *s, long wss_io)
 {
 	unsigned long flags;
 	unsigned d;
 	int retval = 0;
-	int codec = s->wss_base;
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
 
@@ -836,13 +822,11 @@ static int __devinit detect_sscape(struct soundscape *s)
 	if ((d & 0x80) != 0)
 		goto _done;
 
-	if (d == 0) {
-		s->codec_type = 1;
+	if (d == 0)
 		s->ic_type = IC_ODIE;
-	} else if ((d & 0x60) != 0) {
-		s->codec_type = 2;
+	else if ((d & 0x60) != 0)
 		s->ic_type = IC_OPUS;
-	} else
+	else
 		goto _done;
 
 	outb(0xfa, ODIE_ADDR_IO(s->io_base));
@@ -862,10 +846,10 @@ static int __devinit detect_sscape(struct soundscape *s)
 	sscape_write_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG, d | 0xc0);
 
 	if (s->type == SSCAPE_VIVO)
-		codec += 4;
+		wss_io += 4;
 	/* wait for WSS codec */
 	for (d = 0; d < 500; d++) {
-		if ((inb(codec) & 0x80) == 0)
+		if ((inb(wss_io) & 0x80) == 0)
 			break;
 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
 		msleep(1);
@@ -955,82 +939,6 @@ static int __devinit create_mpu401(struct snd_card *card, int devnum, unsigned l
 
 
 /*
- * Override for the CS4231 playback format function.
- * The AD1845 has much simpler format and rate selection.
- */
-static void ad1845_playback_format(struct snd_wss *chip,
-				   struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
-				   unsigned char format)
-{
-	unsigned long flags;
-	unsigned rate = params_rate(params);
-
-	/*
-	 * The AD1845 can't handle sample frequencies
-	 * outside of 4 kHZ to 50 kHZ
-	 */
-	if (rate > 50000)
-		rate = 50000;
-	else if (rate < 4000)
-		rate = 4000;
-
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
-
-	/*
-	 * Program the AD1845 correctly for the playback stream.
-	 * Note that we do NOT need to toggle the MCE bit because
-	 * the PLAYBACK_ENABLE bit of the Interface Configuration
-	 * register is set.
-	 * 
-	 * NOTE: We seem to need to write to the MSB before the LSB
-	 *       to get the correct sample frequency.
-	 */
-	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT, (format & 0xf0));
-	snd_wss_out(chip, AD1845_FREQ_SEL_MSB, (unsigned char) (rate >> 8));
-	snd_wss_out(chip, AD1845_FREQ_SEL_LSB, (unsigned char) rate);
-
-	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
-}
-
-/*
- * Override for the CS4231 capture format function. 
- * The AD1845 has much simpler format and rate selection.
- */
-static void ad1845_capture_format(struct snd_wss *chip,
-				  struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
-				  unsigned char format)
-{
-	unsigned long flags;
-	unsigned rate = params_rate(params);
-
-	/*
-	 * The AD1845 can't handle sample frequencies 
-	 * outside of 4 kHZ to 50 kHZ
-	 */
-	if (rate > 50000)
-		rate = 50000;
-	else if (rate < 4000)
-		rate = 4000;
-
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
-
-	/*
-	 * Program the AD1845 correctly for the playback stream.
-	 * Note that we do NOT need to toggle the MCE bit because
-	 * the CAPTURE_ENABLE bit of the Interface Configuration
-	 * register is set.
-	 *
-	 * NOTE: We seem to need to write to the MSB before the LSB
-	 *       to get the correct sample frequency.
-	 */
-	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_REC_FORMAT, (format & 0xf0));
-	snd_wss_out(chip, AD1845_FREQ_SEL_MSB, (unsigned char) (rate >> 8));
-	snd_wss_out(chip, AD1845_FREQ_SEL_LSB, (unsigned char) rate);
-
-	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
-}
-
-/*
  * Create an AD1845 PCM subdevice on the SoundScape. The AD1845
  * is very much like a CS4231, with a few extra bits. We will
  * try to support at least some of the extra bits by overriding
@@ -1055,11 +963,6 @@ static int __devinit create_ad1845(struct snd_card *card, unsigned port,
 		unsigned long flags;
 		struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 
-#define AD1845_FREQ_SEL_ENABLE  0x08
-
-#define AD1845_PWR_DOWN_CTRL   0x1b
-#define AD1845_CRYS_CLOCK_SEL  0x1d
-
 /*
  * It turns out that the PLAYBACK_ENABLE bit is set
  * by the lowlevel driver ...
@@ -1074,7 +977,6 @@ static int __devinit create_ad1845(struct snd_card *card, unsigned port,
  */
 
 		if (sscape->type != SSCAPE_VIVO) {
-			int val;
 			/*
 			 * The input clock frequency on the SoundScape must
 			 * be 14.31818 MHz, because we must set this register
@@ -1082,22 +984,10 @@ static int __devinit create_ad1845(struct snd_card *card, unsigned port,
 			 */
 			snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
 			spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
-			snd_wss_out(chip, AD1845_CRYS_CLOCK_SEL, 0x20);
+			snd_wss_out(chip, AD1845_CLOCK, 0x20);
 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
 			snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
 
-			/*
-			 * More custom configuration:
-			 * a) select "mode 2" and provide a current drive of 8mA
-			 * b) enable frequency selection (for capture/playback)
-			 */
-			spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
-			snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_MISC_INFO,
-				    CS4231_MODE2 | 0x10);
-			val = snd_wss_in(chip, AD1845_PWR_DOWN_CTRL);
-			snd_wss_out(chip, AD1845_PWR_DOWN_CTRL,
-				    val | AD1845_FREQ_SEL_ENABLE);
-			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
 		}
 
 		err = snd_wss_pcm(chip, 0, &pcm);
@@ -1113,11 +1003,13 @@ static int __devinit create_ad1845(struct snd_card *card, unsigned port,
 					    "for AD1845 chip\n");
 			goto _error;
 		}
-		err = snd_wss_timer(chip, 0, NULL);
-		if (err < 0) {
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: No timer device "
-					    "for AD1845 chip\n");
-			goto _error;
+		if (chip->hardware != WSS_HW_AD1848) {
+			err = snd_wss_timer(chip, 0, NULL);
+			if (err < 0) {
+				snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: No timer device "
+						    "for AD1845 chip\n");
+				goto _error;
+			}
 		}
 
 		if (sscape->type != SSCAPE_VIVO) {
@@ -1128,8 +1020,6 @@ static int __devinit create_ad1845(struct snd_card *card, unsigned port,
 						    "MIDI mixer control\n");
 				goto _error;
 			}
-			chip->set_playback_format = ad1845_playback_format;
-			chip->set_capture_format = ad1845_capture_format;
 		}
 
 		strcpy(card->driver, "SoundScape");
@@ -1157,7 +1047,6 @@ static int __devinit create_sscape(int dev, struct snd_card *card)
 	unsigned dma_cfg;
 	unsigned irq_cfg;
 	unsigned mpu_irq_cfg;
-	unsigned xport;
 	struct resource *io_res;
 	struct resource *wss_res;
 	unsigned long flags;
@@ -1177,15 +1066,15 @@ static int __devinit create_sscape(int dev, struct snd_card *card)
 		printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: Invalid IRQ %d\n", mpu_irq[dev]);
 		return -ENXIO;
 	}
-	xport = port[dev];
 
 	/*
 	 * Grab IO ports that we will need to probe so that we
 	 * can detect and control this hardware ...
 	 */
-	io_res = request_region(xport, 8, "SoundScape");
+	io_res = request_region(port[dev], 8, "SoundScape");
 	if (!io_res) {
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: can't grab port 0x%x\n", xport);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR
+			   "sscape: can't grab port 0x%lx\n", port[dev]);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
 	wss_res = NULL;
@@ -1212,10 +1101,9 @@ static int __devinit create_sscape(int dev, struct snd_card *card)
 	spin_lock_init(&sscape->fwlock);
 	sscape->io_res = io_res;
 	sscape->wss_res = wss_res;
-	sscape->io_base = xport;
-	sscape->wss_base = wss_port[dev];
+	sscape->io_base = port[dev];
 
-	if (!detect_sscape(sscape)) {
+	if (!detect_sscape(sscape, wss_port[dev])) {
 		printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: hardware not detected at 0x%x\n", sscape->io_base);
 		err = -ENODEV;
 		goto _release_dma;
@@ -1288,12 +1176,11 @@ static int __devinit create_sscape(int dev, struct snd_card *card)
 	}
 #define MIDI_DEVNUM  0
 	if (sscape->type != SSCAPE_VIVO) {
-		err = create_mpu401(card, MIDI_DEVNUM,
-				    MPU401_IO(xport), mpu_irq[dev]);
+		err = create_mpu401(card, MIDI_DEVNUM, port[dev], mpu_irq[dev]);
 		if (err < 0) {
 			printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: Failed to create "
-					"MPU-401 device at 0x%x\n",
-					MPU401_IO(xport));
+					"MPU-401 device at 0x%lx\n",
+					port[dev]);
 			goto _release_dma;
 		}
 
@@ -1357,10 +1244,10 @@ static int __devinit snd_sscape_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
 	struct soundscape *sscape;
 	int ret;
 
-	card = snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
-			    sizeof(struct soundscape));
-	if (!card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	ret = snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+			      sizeof(struct soundscape), &card);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
 
 	sscape = get_card_soundscape(card);
 	sscape->type = SSCAPE;
@@ -1462,10 +1349,10 @@ static int __devinit sscape_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 	 * Create a new ALSA sound card entry, in anticipation
 	 * of detecting our hardware ...
 	 */
-	card = snd_card_new(index[idx], id[idx], THIS_MODULE,
-			    sizeof(struct soundscape));
-	if (!card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	ret = snd_card_create(index[idx], id[idx], THIS_MODULE,
+			      sizeof(struct soundscape), &card);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
 
 	sscape = get_card_soundscape(card);
 
diff --git a/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront.c b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront.c
index 4c095bc7c729..a34ae7b1f7d0 100644
--- a/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront.c
+++ b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront.c
@@ -338,15 +338,16 @@ snd_wavefront_free(struct snd_card *card)
 	}
 }
 
-static struct snd_card *snd_wavefront_card_new(int dev)
+static int snd_wavefront_card_new(int dev, struct snd_card **cardp)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	snd_wavefront_card_t *acard;
+	int err;
 
-	card = snd_card_new (index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
-			     sizeof(snd_wavefront_card_t));
-	if (card == NULL)
-		return NULL;
+	err = snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+			      sizeof(snd_wavefront_card_t), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 
 	acard = card->private_data;
 	acard->wavefront.irq = -1;
@@ -357,7 +358,8 @@ static struct snd_card *snd_wavefront_card_new(int dev)
 	acard->wavefront.card = card;
 	card->private_free = snd_wavefront_free;
 
-	return card;
+	*cardp = card;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int __devinit
@@ -551,11 +553,11 @@ static int __devinit snd_wavefront_isa_match(struct device *pdev,
 		return 0;
 #endif
 	if (cs4232_pcm_port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
-		snd_printk("specify CS4232 port\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "specify CS4232 port\n");
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (ics2115_port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
-		snd_printk("specify ICS2115 port\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "specify ICS2115 port\n");
 		return 0;
 	}
 	return 1;
@@ -567,9 +569,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_wavefront_isa_probe(struct device *pdev,
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	int err;
 
-	card = snd_wavefront_card_new(dev);
-	if (! card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = snd_wavefront_card_new(dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 	snd_card_set_dev(card, pdev);
 	if ((err = snd_wavefront_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
@@ -616,9 +618,9 @@ static int __devinit snd_wavefront_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	card = snd_wavefront_card_new(dev);
-	if (! card)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	res = snd_wavefront_card_new(dev, &card);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
 
 	if (snd_wavefront_pnp (dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid) < 0) {
 		if (cs4232_pcm_port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
diff --git a/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_synth.c b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_synth.c
index 4c410820a994..beb312cca75b 100644
--- a/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_synth.c
+++ b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_synth.c
@@ -633,7 +633,7 @@ wavefront_get_sample_status (snd_wavefront_t *dev, int assume_rom)
 		wbuf[1] = i >> 7;
 
 		if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_IDENTIFY_SAMPLE_TYPE, rbuf, wbuf)) {
-			snd_printk("cannot identify sample "
+			snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "cannot identify sample "
 				   "type of slot %d\n", i);
 			dev->sample_status[i] = WF_ST_EMPTY;
 			continue;
diff --git a/sound/isa/wss/wss_lib.c b/sound/isa/wss/wss_lib.c
index 3d6c5f2838af..5d2ba1b749ab 100644
--- a/sound/isa/wss/wss_lib.c
+++ b/sound/isa/wss/wss_lib.c
@@ -181,25 +181,6 @@ static void snd_wss_wait(struct snd_wss *chip)
 		udelay(100);
 }
 
-static void snd_wss_outm(struct snd_wss *chip, unsigned char reg,
-			    unsigned char mask, unsigned char value)
-{
-	unsigned char tmp = (chip->image[reg] & mask) | value;
-
-	snd_wss_wait(chip);
-#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
-	if (wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL)) & CS4231_INIT)
-		snd_printk("outm: auto calibration time out - reg = 0x%x, value = 0x%x\n", reg, value);
-#endif
-	chip->image[reg] = tmp;
-	if (!chip->calibrate_mute) {
-		wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL), chip->mce_bit | reg);
-		wmb();
-		wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REG), tmp);
-		mb();
-	}
-}
-
 static void snd_wss_dout(struct snd_wss *chip, unsigned char reg,
 			 unsigned char value)
 {
@@ -219,7 +200,8 @@ void snd_wss_out(struct snd_wss *chip, unsigned char reg, unsigned char value)
 	snd_wss_wait(chip);
 #ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
 	if (wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL)) & CS4231_INIT)
-		snd_printk("out: auto calibration time out - reg = 0x%x, value = 0x%x\n", reg, value);
+		snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "out: auto calibration time out "
+			   "- reg = 0x%x, value = 0x%x\n", reg, value);
 #endif
 	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL), chip->mce_bit | reg);
 	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REG), value);
@@ -235,7 +217,8 @@ unsigned char snd_wss_in(struct snd_wss *chip, unsigned char reg)
 	snd_wss_wait(chip);
 #ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
 	if (wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL)) & CS4231_INIT)
-		snd_printk("in: auto calibration time out - reg = 0x%x\n", reg);
+		snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "in: auto calibration time out "
+			   "- reg = 0x%x\n", reg);
 #endif
 	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL), chip->mce_bit | reg);
 	mb();
@@ -252,7 +235,7 @@ void snd_cs4236_ext_out(struct snd_wss *chip, unsigned char reg,
 	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REG), val);
 	chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(reg)] = val;
 #if 0
-	printk("ext out : reg = 0x%x, val = 0x%x\n", reg, val);
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG "ext out : reg = 0x%x, val = 0x%x\n", reg, val);
 #endif
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_cs4236_ext_out);
@@ -268,7 +251,8 @@ unsigned char snd_cs4236_ext_in(struct snd_wss *chip, unsigned char reg)
 	{
 		unsigned char res;
 		res = wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REG));
-		printk("ext in : reg = 0x%x, val = 0x%x\n", reg, res);
+		printk(KERN_DEBUG "ext in : reg = 0x%x, val = 0x%x\n",
+		       reg, res);
 		return res;
 	}
 #endif
@@ -394,13 +378,16 @@ void snd_wss_mce_up(struct snd_wss *chip)
 	snd_wss_wait(chip);
 #ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
 	if (wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL)) & CS4231_INIT)
-		snd_printk("mce_up - auto calibration time out (0)\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG
+			   "mce_up - auto calibration time out (0)\n");
 #endif
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
 	chip->mce_bit |= CS4231_MCE;
 	timeout = wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL));
 	if (timeout == 0x80)
-		snd_printk("mce_up [0x%lx]: serious init problem - codec still busy\n", chip->port);
+		snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "mce_up [0x%lx]: "
+			   "serious init problem - codec still busy\n",
+			   chip->port);
 	if (!(timeout & CS4231_MCE))
 		wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL),
 			 chip->mce_bit | (timeout & 0x1f));
@@ -419,7 +406,9 @@ void snd_wss_mce_down(struct snd_wss *chip)
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
 	if (wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL)) & CS4231_INIT)
-		snd_printk("mce_down [0x%lx] - auto calibration time out (0)\n", (long)CS4231P(REGSEL));
+		snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "mce_down [0x%lx] - "
+			   "auto calibration time out (0)\n",
+			   (long)CS4231P(REGSEL));
 #endif
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
 	chip->mce_bit &= ~CS4231_MCE;
@@ -427,7 +416,9 @@ void snd_wss_mce_down(struct snd_wss *chip)
 	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL), chip->mce_bit | (timeout & 0x1f));
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
 	if (timeout == 0x80)
-		snd_printk("mce_down [0x%lx]: serious init problem - codec still busy\n", chip->port);
+		snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "mce_down [0x%lx]: "
+			   "serious init problem - codec still busy\n",
+			   chip->port);
 	if ((timeout & CS4231_MCE) == 0 || !(chip->hardware & hw_mask))
 		return;
 
@@ -565,7 +556,7 @@ static unsigned char snd_wss_get_format(struct snd_wss *chip,
 	if (channels > 1)
 		rformat |= CS4231_STEREO;
 #if 0
-	snd_printk("get_format: 0x%x (mode=0x%x)\n", format, mode);
+	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "get_format: 0x%x (mode=0x%x)\n", format, mode);
 #endif
 	return rformat;
 }
@@ -587,7 +578,15 @@ static void snd_wss_calibrate_mute(struct snd_wss *chip, int mute)
 			     chip->image[CS4231_RIGHT_INPUT]);
 		snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_LOOPBACK,
 			     chip->image[CS4231_LOOPBACK]);
+	} else {
+		snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_LEFT_INPUT,
+			     0);
+		snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_RIGHT_INPUT,
+			     0);
+		snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_LOOPBACK,
+			     0xfd);
 	}
+
 	snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_AUX1_LEFT_INPUT,
 		     mute | chip->image[CS4231_AUX1_LEFT_INPUT]);
 	snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_AUX1_RIGHT_INPUT,
@@ -630,7 +629,6 @@ static void snd_wss_playback_format(struct snd_wss *chip,
 	int full_calib = 1;
 
 	mutex_lock(&chip->mce_mutex);
-	snd_wss_calibrate_mute(chip, 1);
 	if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_CS4231A ||
 	    (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_CS4232_MASK)) {
 		spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
@@ -646,6 +644,24 @@ static void snd_wss_playback_format(struct snd_wss *chip,
 			full_calib = 0;
 		}
 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	} else if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_AD1845) {
+		unsigned rate = params_rate(params);
+
+		/*
+		 * Program the AD1845 correctly for the playback stream.
+		 * Note that we do NOT need to toggle the MCE bit because
+		 * the PLAYBACK_ENABLE bit of the Interface Configuration
+		 * register is set.
+		 *
+		 * NOTE: We seem to need to write to the MSB before the LSB
+		 *       to get the correct sample frequency.
+		 */
+		spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT, (pdfr & 0xf0));
+		snd_wss_out(chip, AD1845_UPR_FREQ_SEL, (rate >> 8) & 0xff);
+		snd_wss_out(chip, AD1845_LWR_FREQ_SEL, rate & 0xff);
+		full_calib = 0;
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
 	}
 	if (full_calib) {
 		snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
@@ -663,7 +679,6 @@ static void snd_wss_playback_format(struct snd_wss *chip,
 			udelay(100);	/* this seems to help */
 		snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
 	}
-	snd_wss_calibrate_mute(chip, 0);
 	mutex_unlock(&chip->mce_mutex);
 }
 
@@ -675,7 +690,6 @@ static void snd_wss_capture_format(struct snd_wss *chip,
 	int full_calib = 1;
 
 	mutex_lock(&chip->mce_mutex);
-	snd_wss_calibrate_mute(chip, 1);
 	if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_CS4231A ||
 	    (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_CS4232_MASK)) {
 		spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
@@ -690,6 +704,24 @@ static void snd_wss_capture_format(struct snd_wss *chip,
 			full_calib = 0;
 		}
 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	} else if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_AD1845) {
+		unsigned rate = params_rate(params);
+
+		/*
+		 * Program the AD1845 correctly for the capture stream.
+		 * Note that we do NOT need to toggle the MCE bit because
+		 * the PLAYBACK_ENABLE bit of the Interface Configuration
+		 * register is set.
+		 *
+		 * NOTE: We seem to need to write to the MSB before the LSB
+		 *       to get the correct sample frequency.
+		 */
+		spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_REC_FORMAT, (cdfr & 0xf0));
+		snd_wss_out(chip, AD1845_UPR_FREQ_SEL, (rate >> 8) & 0xff);
+		snd_wss_out(chip, AD1845_LWR_FREQ_SEL, rate & 0xff);
+		full_calib = 0;
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
 	}
 	if (full_calib) {
 		snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
@@ -714,7 +746,6 @@ static void snd_wss_capture_format(struct snd_wss *chip,
 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
 		snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
 	}
-	snd_wss_calibrate_mute(chip, 0);
 	mutex_unlock(&chip->mce_mutex);
 }
 
@@ -771,10 +802,11 @@ static void snd_wss_init(struct snd_wss *chip)
 {
 	unsigned long flags;
 
+	snd_wss_calibrate_mute(chip, 1);
 	snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
 
 #ifdef SNDRV_DEBUG_MCE
-	snd_printk("init: (1)\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "init: (1)\n");
 #endif
 	snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
@@ -789,18 +821,20 @@ static void snd_wss_init(struct snd_wss *chip)
 	snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
 
 #ifdef SNDRV_DEBUG_MCE
-	snd_printk("init: (2)\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "init: (2)\n");
 #endif
 
 	snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL] &= ~CS4231_AUTOCALIB;
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_IFACE_CTRL, chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL]);
 	snd_wss_out(chip,
 		    CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1, chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1]);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
 	snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
 
 #ifdef SNDRV_DEBUG_MCE
-	snd_printk("init: (3) - afei = 0x%x\n",
+	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "init: (3) - afei = 0x%x\n",
 		   chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1]);
 #endif
 
@@ -817,7 +851,7 @@ static void snd_wss_init(struct snd_wss *chip)
 	snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
 
 #ifdef SNDRV_DEBUG_MCE
-	snd_printk("init: (4)\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "init: (4)\n");
 #endif
 
 	snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
@@ -827,9 +861,10 @@ static void snd_wss_init(struct snd_wss *chip)
 			    chip->image[CS4231_REC_FORMAT]);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
 	snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
+	snd_wss_calibrate_mute(chip, 0);
 
 #ifdef SNDRV_DEBUG_MCE
-	snd_printk("init: (5)\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "init: (5)\n");
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -885,8 +920,6 @@ static void snd_wss_close(struct snd_wss *chip, unsigned int mode)
 		mutex_unlock(&chip->open_mutex);
 		return;
 	}
-	snd_wss_calibrate_mute(chip, 1);
-
 	/* disable IRQ */
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
 	if (!(chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK))
@@ -919,8 +952,6 @@ static void snd_wss_close(struct snd_wss *chip, unsigned int mode)
 	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(STATUS), 0);	/* clear IRQ */
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
 
-	snd_wss_calibrate_mute(chip, 0);
-
 	chip->mode = 0;
 	mutex_unlock(&chip->open_mutex);
 }
@@ -1113,7 +1144,7 @@ irqreturn_t snd_wss_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
 	if (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK)
 		wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(STATUS), 0);
 	else
-		snd_wss_outm(chip, CS4231_IRQ_STATUS, status, 0);
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_IRQ_STATUS, status);
 	spin_unlock(&chip->reg_lock);
 	return IRQ_HANDLED;
 }
@@ -1278,7 +1309,8 @@ static int snd_wss_probe(struct snd_wss *chip)
 		} else if (rev == 0x03) {
 			chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CS4236B;
 		} else {
-			snd_printk("unknown CS chip with version 0x%x\n", rev);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR
+				   "unknown CS chip with version 0x%x\n", rev);
 			return -ENODEV;		/* unknown CS4231 chip? */
 		}
 	}
@@ -1314,6 +1346,10 @@ static int snd_wss_probe(struct snd_wss *chip)
 		chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_2] =
 			chip->hardware == WSS_HW_INTERWAVE ? 0xc2 : 0x01;
 	}
+	/* enable fine grained frequency selection */
+	if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_AD1845)
+		chip->image[AD1845_PWR_DOWN] = 8;
+
 	ptr = (unsigned char *) &chip->image;
 	regnum = (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK) ? 16 : 32;
 	snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
@@ -1342,7 +1378,10 @@ static int snd_wss_probe(struct snd_wss *chip)
 				case 6:
 					break;
 				default:
-					snd_printk("unknown CS4235 chip (enhanced version = 0x%x)\n", id);
+					snd_printk(KERN_WARNING
+						"unknown CS4235 chip "
+						"(enhanced version = 0x%x)\n",
+						id);
 				}
 			} else if ((id & 0x1f) == 0x0b) {	/* CS4236/B */
 				switch (id >> 5) {
@@ -1353,7 +1392,10 @@ static int snd_wss_probe(struct snd_wss *chip)
 					chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CS4236B;
 					break;
 				default:
-					snd_printk("unknown CS4236 chip (enhanced version = 0x%x)\n", id);
+					snd_printk(KERN_WARNING
+						"unknown CS4236 chip "
+						"(enhanced version = 0x%x)\n",
+						id);
 				}
 			} else if ((id & 0x1f) == 0x08) {	/* CS4237B */
 				chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CS4237B;
@@ -1364,7 +1406,10 @@ static int snd_wss_probe(struct snd_wss *chip)
 				case 7:
 					break;
 				default:
-					snd_printk("unknown CS4237B chip (enhanced version = 0x%x)\n", id);
+					snd_printk(KERN_WARNING
+						"unknown CS4237B chip "
+						"(enhanced version = 0x%x)\n",
+						id);
 				}
 			} else if ((id & 0x1f) == 0x09) {	/* CS4238B */
 				chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CS4238B;
@@ -1374,7 +1419,10 @@ static int snd_wss_probe(struct snd_wss *chip)
 				case 7:
 					break;
 				default:
-					snd_printk("unknown CS4238B chip (enhanced version = 0x%x)\n", id);
+					snd_printk(KERN_WARNING
+						"unknown CS4238B chip "
+						"(enhanced version = 0x%x)\n",
+						id);
 				}
 			} else if ((id & 0x1f) == 0x1e) {	/* CS4239 */
 				chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CS4239;
@@ -1384,10 +1432,15 @@ static int snd_wss_probe(struct snd_wss *chip)
 				case 6:
 					break;
 				default:
-					snd_printk("unknown CS4239 chip (enhanced version = 0x%x)\n", id);
+					snd_printk(KERN_WARNING
+						"unknown CS4239 chip "
+						"(enhanced version = 0x%x)\n",
+						id);
 				}
 			} else {
-				snd_printk("unknown CS4236/CS423xB chip (enhanced version = 0x%x)\n", id);
+				snd_printk(KERN_WARNING
+					   "unknown CS4236/CS423xB chip "
+					   "(enhanced version = 0x%x)\n", id);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -1618,7 +1671,8 @@ static void snd_wss_resume(struct snd_wss *chip)
 	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL), chip->mce_bit | (timeout & 0x1f));
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
 	if (timeout == 0x80)
-		snd_printk("down [0x%lx]: serious init problem - codec still busy\n", chip->port);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "down [0x%lx]: serious init problem "
+			   "- codec still busy\n", chip->port);
 	if ((timeout & CS4231_MCE) == 0 ||
 	    !(chip->hardware & (WSS_HW_CS4231_MASK | WSS_HW_CS4232_MASK))) {
 		return;
@@ -1628,7 +1682,7 @@ static void snd_wss_resume(struct snd_wss *chip)
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_PM */
 
-static int snd_wss_free(struct snd_wss *chip)
+int snd_wss_free(struct snd_wss *chip)
 {
 	release_and_free_resource(chip->res_port);
 	release_and_free_resource(chip->res_cport);
@@ -1651,6 +1705,7 @@ static int snd_wss_free(struct snd_wss *chip)
 	kfree(chip);
 	return 0;
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_free);
 
 static int snd_wss_dev_free(struct snd_device *device)
 {
@@ -1820,7 +1875,8 @@ int snd_wss_create(struct snd_card *card,
 #if 0
 	if (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_CS4232_MASK) {
 		if (chip->res_cport == NULL)
-			snd_printk("CS4232 control port features are not accessible\n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "CS4232 control port features are "
+				   "not accessible\n");
 	}
 #endif