Merge tag 'mm-stable-2023-02-20-13-37' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm

Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton:

 - Daniel Verkamp has contributed a memfd series ("mm/memfd: add
   F_SEAL_EXEC") which permits the setting of the memfd execute bit at
   memfd creation time, with the option of sealing the state of the X
   bit.

 - Peter Xu adds a patch series ("mm/hugetlb: Make huge_pte_offset()
   thread-safe for pmd unshare") which addresses a rare race condition
   related to PMD unsharing.

 - Several folioification patch serieses from Matthew Wilcox, Vishal
   Moola, Sidhartha Kumar and Lorenzo Stoakes

 - Johannes Weiner has a series ("mm: push down lock_page_memcg()")
   which does perform some memcg maintenance and cleanup work.

 - SeongJae Park has added DAMOS filtering to DAMON, with the series
   "mm/damon/core: implement damos filter".

   These filters provide users with finer-grained control over DAMOS's
   actions. SeongJae has also done some DAMON cleanup work.

 - Kairui Song adds a series ("Clean up and fixes for swap").

 - Vernon Yang contributed the series "Clean up and refinement for maple
   tree".

 - Yu Zhao has contributed the "mm: multi-gen LRU: memcg LRU" series. It
   adds to MGLRU an LRU of memcgs, to improve the scalability of global
   reclaim.

 - David Hildenbrand has added some userfaultfd cleanup work in the
   series "mm: uffd-wp + change_protection() cleanups".

 - Christoph Hellwig has removed the generic_writepages() library
   function in the series "remove generic_writepages".

 - Baolin Wang has performed some maintenance on the compaction code in
   his series "Some small improvements for compaction".

 - Sidhartha Kumar is doing some maintenance work on struct page in his
   series "Get rid of tail page fields".

 - David Hildenbrand contributed some cleanup, bugfixing and
   generalization of pte management and of pte debugging in his series
   "mm: support __HAVE_ARCH_PTE_SWP_EXCLUSIVE on all architectures with
   swap PTEs".

 - Mel Gorman and Neil Brown have removed the __GFP_ATOMIC allocation
   flag in the series "Discard __GFP_ATOMIC".

 - Sergey Senozhatsky has improved zsmalloc's memory utilization with
   his series "zsmalloc: make zspage chain size configurable".

 - Joey Gouly has added prctl() support for prohibiting the creation of
   writeable+executable mappings.

   The previous BPF-based approach had shortcomings. See "mm: In-kernel
   support for memory-deny-write-execute (MDWE)".

 - Waiman Long did some kmemleak cleanup and bugfixing in the series
   "mm/kmemleak: Simplify kmemleak_cond_resched() & fix UAF".

 - T.J. Alumbaugh has contributed some MGLRU cleanup work in his series
   "mm: multi-gen LRU: improve".

 - Jiaqi Yan has provided some enhancements to our memory error
   statistics reporting, mainly by presenting the statistics on a
   per-node basis. See the series "Introduce per NUMA node memory error
   statistics".

 - Mel Gorman has a second and hopefully final shot at fixing a CPU-hog
   regression in compaction via his series "Fix excessive CPU usage
   during compaction".

 - Christoph Hellwig does some vmalloc maintenance work in the series
   "cleanup vfree and vunmap".

 - Christoph Hellwig has removed block_device_operations.rw_page() in
   ths series "remove ->rw_page".

 - We get some maple_tree improvements and cleanups in Liam Howlett's
   series "VMA tree type safety and remove __vma_adjust()".

 - Suren Baghdasaryan has done some work on the maintainability of our
   vm_flags handling in the series "introduce vm_flags modifier
   functions".

 - Some pagemap cleanup and generalization work in Mike Rapoport's
   series "mm, arch: add generic implementation of pfn_valid() for
   FLATMEM" and "fixups for generic implementation of pfn_valid()"

 - Baoquan He has done some work to make /proc/vmallocinfo and
   /proc/kcore better represent the real state of things in his series
   "mm/vmalloc.c: allow vread() to read out vm_map_ram areas".

 - Jason Gunthorpe rationalized the GUP system's interface to the rest
   of the kernel in the series "Simplify the external interface for
   GUP".

 - SeongJae Park wishes to migrate people from DAMON's debugfs interface
   over to its sysfs interface. To support this, we'll temporarily be
   printing warnings when people use the debugfs interface. See the
   series "mm/damon: deprecate DAMON debugfs interface".

 - Andrey Konovalov provided the accurately named "lib/stackdepot: fixes
   and clean-ups" series.

 - Huang Ying has provided a dramatic reduction in migration's TLB flush
   IPI rates with the series "migrate_pages(): batch TLB flushing".

 - Arnd Bergmann has some objtool fixups in "objtool warning fixes".

* tag 'mm-stable-2023-02-20-13-37' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (505 commits)
  include/linux/migrate.h: remove unneeded externs
  mm/memory_hotplug: cleanup return value handing in do_migrate_range()
  mm/uffd: fix comment in handling pte markers
  mm: change to return bool for isolate_movable_page()
  mm: hugetlb: change to return bool for isolate_hugetlb()
  mm: change to return bool for isolate_lru_page()
  mm: change to return bool for folio_isolate_lru()
  objtool: add UACCESS exceptions for __tsan_volatile_read/write
  kmsan: disable ftrace in kmsan core code
  kasan: mark addr_has_metadata __always_inline
  mm: memcontrol: rename memcg_kmem_enabled()
  sh: initialize max_mapnr
  m68k/nommu: add missing definition of ARCH_PFN_OFFSET
  mm: percpu: fix incorrect size in pcpu_obj_full_size()
  maple_tree: reduce stack usage with gcc-9 and earlier
  mm: page_alloc: call panic() when memoryless node allocation fails
  mm: multi-gen LRU: avoid futile retries
  migrate_pages: move THP/hugetlb migration support check to simplify code
  migrate_pages: batch flushing TLB
  migrate_pages: share more code between _unmap and _move
  ...

1 files changed, 81 insertions, 5 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/mm/multigen_lru.rst b/Documentation/mm/multigen_lru.rst
index d7062c6a8946..5f1f6ecbb79b 100644
--- a/Documentation/mm/multigen_lru.rst
+++ b/Documentation/mm/multigen_lru.rst
@@ -89,15 +89,15 @@ variables are monotonically increasing.
 
 Generation numbers are truncated into ``order_base_2(MAX_NR_GENS+1)``
 bits in order to fit into the gen counter in ``folio->flags``. Each
-truncated generation number is an index to ``lrugen->lists[]``. The
+truncated generation number is an index to ``lrugen->folios[]``. The
 sliding window technique is used to track at least ``MIN_NR_GENS`` and
 at most ``MAX_NR_GENS`` generations. The gen counter stores a value
 within ``[1, MAX_NR_GENS]`` while a page is on one of
-``lrugen->lists[]``; otherwise it stores zero.
+``lrugen->folios[]``; otherwise it stores zero.
 
 Each generation is divided into multiple tiers. A page accessed ``N``
 times through file descriptors is in tier ``order_base_2(N)``. Unlike
-generations, tiers do not have dedicated ``lrugen->lists[]``. In
+generations, tiers do not have dedicated ``lrugen->folios[]``. In
 contrast to moving across generations, which requires the LRU lock,
 moving across tiers only involves atomic operations on
 ``folio->flags`` and therefore has a negligible cost. A feedback loop
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ page mapped by this PTE to ``(max_seq%MAX_NR_GENS)+1``.
 Eviction
 --------
 The eviction consumes old generations. Given an ``lruvec``, it
-increments ``min_seq`` when ``lrugen->lists[]`` indexed by
+increments ``min_seq`` when ``lrugen->folios[]`` indexed by
 ``min_seq%MAX_NR_GENS`` becomes empty. To select a type and a tier to
 evict from, it first compares ``min_seq[]`` to select the older type.
 If both types are equally old, it selects the one whose first tier has
@@ -141,9 +141,85 @@ loop has detected outlying refaults from the tier this page is in. To
 this end, the feedback loop uses the first tier as the baseline, for
 the reason stated earlier.
 
+Working set protection
+----------------------
+Each generation is timestamped at birth. If ``lru_gen_min_ttl`` is
+set, an ``lruvec`` is protected from the eviction when its oldest
+generation was born within ``lru_gen_min_ttl`` milliseconds. In other
+words, it prevents the working set of ``lru_gen_min_ttl`` milliseconds
+from getting evicted. The OOM killer is triggered if this working set
+cannot be kept in memory.
+
+This time-based approach has the following advantages:
+
+1. It is easier to configure because it is agnostic to applications
+   and memory sizes.
+2. It is more reliable because it is directly wired to the OOM killer.
+
+Rmap/PT walk feedback
+---------------------
+Searching the rmap for PTEs mapping each page on an LRU list (to test
+and clear the accessed bit) can be expensive because pages from
+different VMAs (PA space) are not cache friendly to the rmap (VA
+space). For workloads mostly using mapped pages, searching the rmap
+can incur the highest CPU cost in the reclaim path.
+
+``lru_gen_look_around()`` exploits spatial locality to reduce the
+trips into the rmap. It scans the adjacent PTEs of a young PTE and
+promotes hot pages. If the scan was done cacheline efficiently, it
+adds the PMD entry pointing to the PTE table to the Bloom filter. This
+forms a feedback loop between the eviction and the aging.
+
+Bloom Filters
+-------------
+Bloom filters are a space and memory efficient data structure for set
+membership test, i.e., test if an element is not in the set or may be
+in the set.
+
+In the eviction path, specifically, in ``lru_gen_look_around()``, if a
+PMD has a sufficient number of hot pages, its address is placed in the
+filter. In the aging path, set membership means that the PTE range
+will be scanned for young pages.
+
+Note that Bloom filters are probabilistic on set membership. If a test
+is false positive, the cost is an additional scan of a range of PTEs,
+which may yield hot pages anyway. Parameters of the filter itself can
+control the false positive rate in the limit.
+
+Memcg LRU
+---------
+An memcg LRU is a per-node LRU of memcgs. It is also an LRU of LRUs,
+since each node and memcg combination has an LRU of folios (see
+``mem_cgroup_lruvec()``). Its goal is to improve the scalability of
+global reclaim, which is critical to system-wide memory overcommit in
+data centers. Note that memcg LRU only applies to global reclaim.
+
+The basic structure of an memcg LRU can be understood by an analogy to
+the active/inactive LRU (of folios):
+
+1. It has the young and the old (generations), i.e., the counterparts
+   to the active and the inactive;
+2. The increment of ``max_seq`` triggers promotion, i.e., the
+   counterpart to activation;
+3. Other events trigger similar operations, e.g., offlining an memcg
+   triggers demotion, i.e., the counterpart to deactivation.
+
+In terms of global reclaim, it has two distinct features:
+
+1. Sharding, which allows each thread to start at a random memcg (in
+   the old generation) and improves parallelism;
+2. Eventual fairness, which allows direct reclaim to bail out at will
+   and reduces latency without affecting fairness over some time.
+
+In terms of traversing memcgs during global reclaim, it improves the
+best-case complexity from O(n) to O(1) and does not affect the
+worst-case complexity O(n). Therefore, on average, it has a sublinear
+complexity.
+
 Summary
 -------
-The multi-gen LRU can be disassembled into the following parts:
+The multi-gen LRU (of folios) can be disassembled into the following
+parts:
 
 * Generations
 * Rmap walks