Merge branch 'x86-microcode-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull x86 microcode updates from Ingo Molnar:
 "The biggest change in this cycle was the separation of the microcode
  loading mechanism from the initrd code plus the support of built-in
  microcode images.

  There were also lots cleanups and general restructuring (by Borislav
  Petkov)"

* 'x86-microcode-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (24 commits)
  x86/microcode/intel: Drop orig_sum from ext signature checksum
  x86/microcode/intel: Improve microcode sanity-checking error messages
  x86/microcode/intel: Merge two consecutive if-statements
  x86/microcode/intel: Get rid of DWSIZE
  x86/microcode/intel: Change checksum variables to u32
  x86/microcode: Use kmemdup() rather than duplicating its implementation
  x86/microcode: Remove unnecessary paravirt_enabled check
  x86/microcode: Document builtin microcode loading method
  x86/microcode/AMD: Issue microcode updated message later
  x86/microcode/intel: Cleanup get_matching_model_microcode()
  x86/microcode/intel: Remove unused arg of get_matching_model_microcode()
  x86/microcode/intel: Rename mc_saved_in_initrd
  x86/microcode/intel: Use *wrmsrl variants
  x86/microcode/intel: Cleanup apply_microcode_intel()
  x86/microcode/intel: Move the BUG_ON up and turn it into WARN_ON
  x86/microcode/intel: Rename mc_intel variable to mc
  x86/microcode/intel: Rename mc_saved_count to num_saved
  x86/microcode/intel: Rename local variables of type struct mc_saved_data
  x86/microcode/AMD: Drop redundant printk prefix
  x86/microcode: Issue update message only once
  ...

8 files changed, 253 insertions, 203 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/x86/early-microcode.txt b/Documentation/x86/early-microcode.txt
index d62bea6796da..c956d99cf1de 100644
--- a/Documentation/x86/early-microcode.txt
+++ b/Documentation/x86/early-microcode.txt
@@ -40,3 +40,28 @@ cp ../microcode.bin kernel/x86/microcode/GenuineIntel.bin (or AuthenticAMD.bin)
 find . | cpio -o -H newc >../ucode.cpio
 cd ..
 cat ucode.cpio /boot/initrd-3.5.0.img >/boot/initrd-3.5.0.ucode.img
+
+Builtin microcode
+=================
+
+We can also load builtin microcode supplied through the regular firmware
+builtin method CONFIG_FIRMWARE_IN_KERNEL. Here's an example:
+
+CONFIG_FIRMWARE_IN_KERNEL=y
+CONFIG_EXTRA_FIRMWARE="intel-ucode/06-3a-09 amd-ucode/microcode_amd_fam15h.bin"
+CONFIG_EXTRA_FIRMWARE_DIR="/lib/firmware"
+
+This basically means, you have the following tree structure locally:
+
+/lib/firmware/
+|-- amd-ucode
+...
+|   |-- microcode_amd_fam15h.bin
+...
+|-- intel-ucode
+...
+|   |-- 06-3a-09
+...
+
+so that the build system can find those files and integrate them into
+the final kernel image. The early loader finds them and applies them.
diff --git a/arch/x86/Kconfig b/arch/x86/Kconfig
index b1051057e5b0..8f2e6659281b 100644
--- a/arch/x86/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/x86/Kconfig
@@ -1163,22 +1163,23 @@ config MICROCODE
 	bool "CPU microcode loading support"
 	default y
 	depends on CPU_SUP_AMD || CPU_SUP_INTEL
-	depends on BLK_DEV_INITRD
 	select FW_LOADER
 	---help---
-
 	  If you say Y here, you will be able to update the microcode on
-	  certain Intel and AMD processors. The Intel support is for the
-	  IA32 family, e.g. Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III, Pentium 4,
-	  Xeon etc. The AMD support is for families 0x10 and later. You will
-	  obviously need the actual microcode binary data itself which is not
-	  shipped with the Linux kernel.
-
-	  This option selects the general module only, you need to select
-	  at least one vendor specific module as well.
-
-	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
-	  will be called microcode.
+	  Intel and AMD processors. The Intel support is for the IA32 family,
+	  e.g. Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III, Pentium 4, Xeon etc. The
+	  AMD support is for families 0x10 and later. You will obviously need
+	  the actual microcode binary data itself which is not shipped with
+	  the Linux kernel.
+
+	  The preferred method to load microcode from a detached initrd is described
+	  in Documentation/x86/early-microcode.txt. For that you need to enable
+	  CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD in order for the loader to be able to scan the
+	  initrd for microcode blobs.
+
+	  In addition, you can build-in the microcode into the kernel. For that you
+	  need to enable FIRMWARE_IN_KERNEL and add the vendor-supplied microcode
+	  to the CONFIG_EXTRA_FIRMWARE config option.
 
 config MICROCODE_INTEL
 	bool "Intel microcode loading support"
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/microcode.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/microcode.h
index 1e1b07a5a738..9d3a96c4da78 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/microcode.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/microcode.h
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 #include <asm/cpu.h>
 #include <linux/earlycpio.h>
+#include <linux/initrd.h>
 
 #define native_rdmsr(msr, val1, val2)			\
 do {							\
@@ -143,4 +144,29 @@ static inline void reload_early_microcode(void)			{ }
 static inline bool
 get_builtin_firmware(struct cpio_data *cd, const char *name)	{ return false; }
 #endif
+
+static inline unsigned long get_initrd_start(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
+	return initrd_start;
+#else
+	return 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+static inline unsigned long get_initrd_start_addr(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
+	unsigned long *initrd_start_p = (unsigned long *)__pa_nodebug(&initrd_start);
+
+	return (unsigned long)__pa_nodebug(*initrd_start_p);
+#else
+	return get_initrd_start();
+#endif
+#else /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
+	return 0;
+#endif
+}
+
 #endif /* _ASM_X86_MICROCODE_H */
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/microcode_intel.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/microcode_intel.h
index 8559b0102ea1..603417f8dd6c 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/microcode_intel.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/microcode_intel.h
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ struct extended_sigtable {
 #define DEFAULT_UCODE_TOTALSIZE (DEFAULT_UCODE_DATASIZE + MC_HEADER_SIZE)
 #define EXT_HEADER_SIZE		(sizeof(struct extended_sigtable))
 #define EXT_SIGNATURE_SIZE	(sizeof(struct extended_signature))
-#define DWSIZE			(sizeof(u32))
 
 #define get_totalsize(mc) \
 	(((struct microcode_intel *)mc)->hdr.datasize ? \
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/amd.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/amd.c
index 75d3aab5f7b2..8581963894c7 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/amd.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/amd.c
@@ -431,10 +431,6 @@ int __init save_microcode_in_initrd_amd(void)
 	else
 		container = cont_va;
 
-	if (ucode_new_rev)
-		pr_info("microcode: updated early to new patch_level=0x%08x\n",
-			ucode_new_rev);
-
 	eax   = cpuid_eax(0x00000001);
 	eax   = ((eax >> 8) & 0xf) + ((eax >> 20) & 0xff);
 
@@ -469,8 +465,7 @@ void reload_ucode_amd(void)
 	if (mc && rev < mc->hdr.patch_id) {
 		if (!__apply_microcode_amd(mc)) {
 			ucode_new_rev = mc->hdr.patch_id;
-			pr_info("microcode: reload patch_level=0x%08x\n",
-				ucode_new_rev);
+			pr_info("reload patch_level=0x%08x\n", ucode_new_rev);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -793,15 +788,13 @@ static int verify_and_add_patch(u8 family, u8 *fw, unsigned int leftover)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	patch->data = kzalloc(patch_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+	patch->data = kmemdup(fw + SECTION_HDR_SIZE, patch_size, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!patch->data) {
 		pr_err("Patch data allocation failure.\n");
 		kfree(patch);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	/* All looks ok, copy patch... */
-	memcpy(patch->data, fw + SECTION_HDR_SIZE, patch_size);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&patch->plist);
 	patch->patch_id  = mc_hdr->patch_id;
 	patch->equiv_cpu = proc_id;
@@ -957,6 +950,10 @@ struct microcode_ops * __init init_amd_microcode(void)
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
+	if (ucode_new_rev)
+		pr_info_once("microcode updated early to new patch_level=0x%08x\n",
+			     ucode_new_rev);
+
 	return &microcode_amd_ops;
 }
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/core.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/core.c
index faec7120c508..ac360bfbbdb6 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/core.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/core.c
@@ -43,16 +43,8 @@
 #define MICROCODE_VERSION	"2.01"
 
 static struct microcode_ops	*microcode_ops;
-
 static bool dis_ucode_ldr;
 
-static int __init disable_loader(char *str)
-{
-	dis_ucode_ldr = true;
-	return 1;
-}
-__setup("dis_ucode_ldr", disable_loader);
-
 /*
  * Synchronization.
  *
@@ -81,15 +73,16 @@ struct cpu_info_ctx {
 
 static bool __init check_loader_disabled_bsp(void)
 {
+	static const char *__dis_opt_str = "dis_ucode_ldr";
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 	const char *cmdline = (const char *)__pa_nodebug(boot_command_line);
-	const char *opt	    = "dis_ucode_ldr";
-	const char *option  = (const char *)__pa_nodebug(opt);
+	const char *option  = (const char *)__pa_nodebug(__dis_opt_str);
 	bool *res = (bool *)__pa_nodebug(&dis_ucode_ldr);
 
 #else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
 	const char *cmdline = boot_command_line;
-	const char *option  = "dis_ucode_ldr";
+	const char *option  = __dis_opt_str;
 	bool *res = &dis_ucode_ldr;
 #endif
 
@@ -479,7 +472,7 @@ static enum ucode_state microcode_init_cpu(int cpu, bool refresh_fw)
 	enum ucode_state ustate;
 	struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
 
-	if (uci && uci->valid)
+	if (uci->valid)
 		return UCODE_OK;
 
 	if (collect_cpu_info(cpu))
@@ -630,7 +623,7 @@ int __init microcode_init(void)
 	struct cpuinfo_x86 *c = &boot_cpu_data;
 	int error;
 
-	if (paravirt_enabled() || dis_ucode_ldr)
+	if (dis_ucode_ldr)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	if (c->x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_INTEL)
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/intel.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/intel.c
index ee81c544ee0d..cbb3cf09b065 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/intel.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/intel.c
@@ -39,9 +39,15 @@
 #include <asm/setup.h>
 #include <asm/msr.h>
 
-static unsigned long mc_saved_in_initrd[MAX_UCODE_COUNT];
+/*
+ * Temporary microcode blobs pointers storage. We note here the pointers to
+ * microcode blobs we've got from whatever storage (detached initrd, builtin).
+ * Later on, we put those into final storage mc_saved_data.mc_saved.
+ */
+static unsigned long mc_tmp_ptrs[MAX_UCODE_COUNT];
+
 static struct mc_saved_data {
-	unsigned int mc_saved_count;
+	unsigned int num_saved;
 	struct microcode_intel **mc_saved;
 } mc_saved_data;
 
@@ -78,53 +84,50 @@ load_microcode_early(struct microcode_intel **saved,
 }
 
 static inline void
-copy_initrd_ptrs(struct microcode_intel **mc_saved, unsigned long *initrd,
-		  unsigned long off, int num_saved)
+copy_ptrs(struct microcode_intel **mc_saved, unsigned long *mc_ptrs,
+	  unsigned long off, int num_saved)
 {
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < num_saved; i++)
-		mc_saved[i] = (struct microcode_intel *)(initrd[i] + off);
+		mc_saved[i] = (struct microcode_intel *)(mc_ptrs[i] + off);
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 static void
-microcode_phys(struct microcode_intel **mc_saved_tmp,
-	       struct mc_saved_data *mc_saved_data)
+microcode_phys(struct microcode_intel **mc_saved_tmp, struct mc_saved_data *mcs)
 {
 	int i;
 	struct microcode_intel ***mc_saved;
 
-	mc_saved = (struct microcode_intel ***)
-		   __pa_nodebug(&mc_saved_data->mc_saved);
-	for (i = 0; i < mc_saved_data->mc_saved_count; i++) {
+	mc_saved = (struct microcode_intel ***)__pa_nodebug(&mcs->mc_saved);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < mcs->num_saved; i++) {
 		struct microcode_intel *p;
 
-		p = *(struct microcode_intel **)
-			__pa_nodebug(mc_saved_data->mc_saved + i);
+		p = *(struct microcode_intel **)__pa_nodebug(mcs->mc_saved + i);
 		mc_saved_tmp[i] = (struct microcode_intel *)__pa_nodebug(p);
 	}
 }
 #endif
 
 static enum ucode_state
-load_microcode(struct mc_saved_data *mc_saved_data, unsigned long *initrd,
-	       unsigned long initrd_start, struct ucode_cpu_info *uci)
+load_microcode(struct mc_saved_data *mcs, unsigned long *mc_ptrs,
+	       unsigned long offset, struct ucode_cpu_info *uci)
 {
 	struct microcode_intel *mc_saved_tmp[MAX_UCODE_COUNT];
-	unsigned int count = mc_saved_data->mc_saved_count;
+	unsigned int count = mcs->num_saved;
 
-	if (!mc_saved_data->mc_saved) {
-		copy_initrd_ptrs(mc_saved_tmp, initrd, initrd_start, count);
+	if (!mcs->mc_saved) {
+		copy_ptrs(mc_saved_tmp, mc_ptrs, offset, count);
 
 		return load_microcode_early(mc_saved_tmp, count, uci);
 	} else {
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
-		microcode_phys(mc_saved_tmp, mc_saved_data);
+		microcode_phys(mc_saved_tmp, mcs);
 		return load_microcode_early(mc_saved_tmp, count, uci);
 #else
-		return load_microcode_early(mc_saved_data->mc_saved,
-						    count, uci);
+		return load_microcode_early(mcs->mc_saved, count, uci);
 #endif
 	}
 }
@@ -175,25 +178,25 @@ matching_model_microcode(struct microcode_header_intel *mc_header,
 }
 
 static int
-save_microcode(struct mc_saved_data *mc_saved_data,
+save_microcode(struct mc_saved_data *mcs,
 	       struct microcode_intel **mc_saved_src,
-	       unsigned int mc_saved_count)
+	       unsigned int num_saved)
 {
 	int i, j;
 	struct microcode_intel **saved_ptr;
 	int ret;
 
-	if (!mc_saved_count)
+	if (!num_saved)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	/*
 	 * Copy new microcode data.
 	 */
-	saved_ptr = kcalloc(mc_saved_count, sizeof(struct microcode_intel *), GFP_KERNEL);
+	saved_ptr = kcalloc(num_saved, sizeof(struct microcode_intel *), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!saved_ptr)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < mc_saved_count; i++) {
+	for (i = 0; i < num_saved; i++) {
 		struct microcode_header_intel *mc_hdr;
 		struct microcode_intel *mc;
 		unsigned long size;
@@ -207,20 +210,18 @@ save_microcode(struct mc_saved_data *mc_saved_data,
 		mc_hdr = &mc->hdr;
 		size   = get_totalsize(mc_hdr);
 
-		saved_ptr[i] = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
+		saved_ptr[i] = kmemdup(mc, size, GFP_KERNEL);
 		if (!saved_ptr[i]) {
 			ret = -ENOMEM;
 			goto err;
 		}
-
-		memcpy(saved_ptr[i], mc, size);
 	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Point to newly saved microcode.
 	 */
-	mc_saved_data->mc_saved = saved_ptr;
-	mc_saved_data->mc_saved_count = mc_saved_count;
+	mcs->mc_saved  = saved_ptr;
+	mcs->num_saved = num_saved;
 
 	return 0;
 
@@ -284,22 +285,20 @@ static unsigned int _save_mc(struct microcode_intel **mc_saved,
  * BSP can stay in the platform.
  */
 static enum ucode_state __init
-get_matching_model_microcode(int cpu, unsigned long start,
-			     void *data, size_t size,
-			     struct mc_saved_data *mc_saved_data,
-			     unsigned long *mc_saved_in_initrd,
+get_matching_model_microcode(unsigned long start, void *data, size_t size,
+			     struct mc_saved_data *mcs, unsigned long *mc_ptrs,
 			     struct ucode_cpu_info *uci)
 {
-	u8 *ucode_ptr = data;
-	unsigned int leftover = size;
+	struct microcode_intel *mc_saved_tmp[MAX_UCODE_COUNT];
+	struct microcode_header_intel *mc_header;
+	unsigned int num_saved = mcs->num_saved;
 	enum ucode_state state = UCODE_OK;
+	unsigned int leftover = size;
+	u8 *ucode_ptr = data;
 	unsigned int mc_size;
-	struct microcode_header_intel *mc_header;
-	struct microcode_intel *mc_saved_tmp[MAX_UCODE_COUNT];
-	unsigned int mc_saved_count = mc_saved_data->mc_saved_count;
 	int i;
 
-	while (leftover && mc_saved_count < ARRAY_SIZE(mc_saved_tmp)) {
+	while (leftover && num_saved < ARRAY_SIZE(mc_saved_tmp)) {
 
 		if (leftover < sizeof(mc_header))
 			break;
@@ -318,32 +317,31 @@ get_matching_model_microcode(int cpu, unsigned long start,
 		 * the platform, we need to find and save microcode patches
 		 * with the same family and model as the BSP.
 		 */
-		if (matching_model_microcode(mc_header, uci->cpu_sig.sig) !=
-			 UCODE_OK) {
+		if (matching_model_microcode(mc_header, uci->cpu_sig.sig) != UCODE_OK) {
 			ucode_ptr += mc_size;
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		mc_saved_count = _save_mc(mc_saved_tmp, ucode_ptr, mc_saved_count);
+		num_saved = _save_mc(mc_saved_tmp, ucode_ptr, num_saved);
 
 		ucode_ptr += mc_size;
 	}
 
 	if (leftover) {
 		state = UCODE_ERROR;
-		goto out;
+		return state;
 	}
 
-	if (mc_saved_count == 0) {
+	if (!num_saved) {
 		state = UCODE_NFOUND;
-		goto out;
+		return state;
 	}
 
-	for (i = 0; i < mc_saved_count; i++)
-		mc_saved_in_initrd[i] = (unsigned long)mc_saved_tmp[i] - start;
+	for (i = 0; i < num_saved; i++)
+		mc_ptrs[i] = (unsigned long)mc_saved_tmp[i] - start;
+
+	mcs->num_saved = num_saved;
 
-	mc_saved_data->mc_saved_count = mc_saved_count;
-out:
 	return state;
 }
 
@@ -373,7 +371,7 @@ static int collect_cpu_info_early(struct ucode_cpu_info *uci)
 		native_rdmsr(MSR_IA32_PLATFORM_ID, val[0], val[1]);
 		csig.pf = 1 << ((val[1] >> 18) & 7);
 	}
-	native_wrmsr(MSR_IA32_UCODE_REV, 0, 0);
+	native_wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_UCODE_REV, 0);
 
 	/* As documented in the SDM: Do a CPUID 1 here */
 	sync_core();
@@ -396,11 +394,11 @@ static void show_saved_mc(void)
 	unsigned int sig, pf, rev, total_size, data_size, date;
 	struct ucode_cpu_info uci;
 
-	if (mc_saved_data.mc_saved_count == 0) {
+	if (!mc_saved_data.num_saved) {
 		pr_debug("no microcode data saved.\n");
 		return;
 	}
-	pr_debug("Total microcode saved: %d\n", mc_saved_data.mc_saved_count);
+	pr_debug("Total microcode saved: %d\n", mc_saved_data.num_saved);
 
 	collect_cpu_info_early(&uci);
 
@@ -409,7 +407,7 @@ static void show_saved_mc(void)
 	rev = uci.cpu_sig.rev;
 	pr_debug("CPU: sig=0x%x, pf=0x%x, rev=0x%x\n", sig, pf, rev);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < mc_saved_data.mc_saved_count; i++) {
+	for (i = 0; i < mc_saved_data.num_saved; i++) {
 		struct microcode_header_intel *mc_saved_header;
 		struct extended_sigtable *ext_header;
 		int ext_sigcount;
@@ -465,7 +463,7 @@ int save_mc_for_early(u8 *mc)
 {
 	struct microcode_intel *mc_saved_tmp[MAX_UCODE_COUNT];
 	unsigned int mc_saved_count_init;
-	unsigned int mc_saved_count;
+	unsigned int num_saved;
 	struct microcode_intel **mc_saved;
 	int ret = 0;
 	int i;
@@ -476,23 +474,23 @@ int save_mc_for_early(u8 *mc)
 	 */
 	mutex_lock(&x86_cpu_microcode_mutex);
 
-	mc_saved_count_init = mc_saved_data.mc_saved_count;
-	mc_saved_count = mc_saved_data.mc_saved_count;
+	mc_saved_count_init = mc_saved_data.num_saved;
+	num_saved = mc_saved_data.num_saved;
 	mc_saved = mc_saved_data.mc_saved;
 
-	if (mc_saved && mc_saved_count)
+	if (mc_saved && num_saved)
 		memcpy(mc_saved_tmp, mc_saved,
-		       mc_saved_count * sizeof(struct microcode_intel *));
+		       num_saved * sizeof(struct microcode_intel *));
 	/*
 	 * Save the microcode patch mc in mc_save_tmp structure if it's a newer
 	 * version.
 	 */
-	mc_saved_count = _save_mc(mc_saved_tmp, mc, mc_saved_count);
+	num_saved = _save_mc(mc_saved_tmp, mc, num_saved);
 
 	/*
 	 * Save the mc_save_tmp in global mc_saved_data.
 	 */
-	ret = save_microcode(&mc_saved_data, mc_saved_tmp, mc_saved_count);
+	ret = save_microcode(&mc_saved_data, mc_saved_tmp, num_saved);
 	if (ret) {
 		pr_err("Cannot save microcode patch.\n");
 		goto out;
@@ -536,7 +534,7 @@ static bool __init load_builtin_intel_microcode(struct cpio_data *cp)
 
 static __initdata char ucode_name[] = "kernel/x86/microcode/GenuineIntel.bin";
 static __init enum ucode_state
-scan_microcode(struct mc_saved_data *mc_saved_data, unsigned long *initrd,
+scan_microcode(struct mc_saved_data *mcs, unsigned long *mc_ptrs,
 	       unsigned long start, unsigned long size,
 	       struct ucode_cpu_info *uci)
 {
@@ -551,14 +549,18 @@ scan_microcode(struct mc_saved_data *mc_saved_data, unsigned long *initrd,
 	cd.data = NULL;
 	cd.size = 0;
 
-	cd = find_cpio_data(p, (void *)start, size, &offset);
-	if (!cd.data) {
+	/* try built-in microcode if no initrd */
+	if (!size) {
 		if (!load_builtin_intel_microcode(&cd))
 			return UCODE_ERROR;
+	} else {
+		cd = find_cpio_data(p, (void *)start, size, &offset);
+		if (!cd.data)
+			return UCODE_ERROR;
 	}
 
-	return get_matching_model_microcode(0, start, cd.data, cd.size,
-					    mc_saved_data, initrd, uci);
+	return get_matching_model_microcode(start, cd.data, cd.size,
+					    mcs, mc_ptrs, uci);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -567,14 +569,11 @@ scan_microcode(struct mc_saved_data *mc_saved_data, unsigned long *initrd,
 static void
 print_ucode_info(struct ucode_cpu_info *uci, unsigned int date)
 {
-	int cpu = smp_processor_id();
-
-	pr_info("CPU%d microcode updated early to revision 0x%x, date = %04x-%02x-%02x\n",
-		cpu,
-		uci->cpu_sig.rev,
-		date & 0xffff,
-		date >> 24,
-		(date >> 16) & 0xff);
+	pr_info_once("microcode updated early to revision 0x%x, date = %04x-%02x-%02x\n",
+		     uci->cpu_sig.rev,
+		     date & 0xffff,
+		     date >> 24,
+		     (date >> 16) & 0xff);
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
@@ -603,19 +602,19 @@ void show_ucode_info_early(void)
  */
 static void print_ucode(struct ucode_cpu_info *uci)
 {
-	struct microcode_intel *mc_intel;
+	struct microcode_intel *mc;
 	int *delay_ucode_info_p;
 	int *current_mc_date_p;
 
-	mc_intel = uci->mc;
-	if (mc_intel == NULL)
+	mc = uci->mc;
+	if (!mc)
 		return;
 
 	delay_ucode_info_p = (int *)__pa_nodebug(&delay_ucode_info);
 	current_mc_date_p = (int *)__pa_nodebug(&current_mc_date);
 
 	*delay_ucode_info_p = 1;
-	*current_mc_date_p = mc_intel->hdr.date;
+	*current_mc_date_p = mc->hdr.date;
 }
 #else
 
@@ -630,37 +629,35 @@ static inline void flush_tlb_early(void)
 
 static inline void print_ucode(struct ucode_cpu_info *uci)
 {
-	struct microcode_intel *mc_intel;
+	struct microcode_intel *mc;
 
-	mc_intel = uci->mc;
-	if (mc_intel == NULL)
+	mc = uci->mc;
+	if (!mc)
 		return;
 
-	print_ucode_info(uci, mc_intel->hdr.date);
+	print_ucode_info(uci, mc->hdr.date);
 }
 #endif
 
 static int apply_microcode_early(struct ucode_cpu_info *uci, bool early)
 {
-	struct microcode_intel *mc_intel;
+	struct microcode_intel *mc;
 	unsigned int val[2];
 
-	mc_intel = uci->mc;
-	if (mc_intel == NULL)
+	mc = uci->mc;
+	if (!mc)
 		return 0;
 
 	/* write microcode via MSR 0x79 */
-	native_wrmsr(MSR_IA32_UCODE_WRITE,
-	      (unsigned long) mc_intel->bits,
-	      (unsigned long) mc_intel->bits >> 16 >> 16);
-	native_wrmsr(MSR_IA32_UCODE_REV, 0, 0);
+	native_wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_UCODE_WRITE, (unsigned long)mc->bits);
+	native_wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_UCODE_REV, 0);
 
 	/* As documented in the SDM: Do a CPUID 1 here */
 	sync_core();
 
 	/* get the current revision from MSR 0x8B */
 	native_rdmsr(MSR_IA32_UCODE_REV, val[0], val[1]);
-	if (val[1] != mc_intel->hdr.rev)
+	if (val[1] != mc->hdr.rev)
 		return -1;
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
@@ -672,25 +669,26 @@ static int apply_microcode_early(struct ucode_cpu_info *uci, bool early)
 	if (early)
 		print_ucode(uci);
 	else
-		print_ucode_info(uci, mc_intel->hdr.date);
+		print_ucode_info(uci, mc->hdr.date);
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * This function converts microcode patch offsets previously stored in
- * mc_saved_in_initrd to pointers and stores the pointers in mc_saved_data.
+ * mc_tmp_ptrs to pointers and stores the pointers in mc_saved_data.
  */
 int __init save_microcode_in_initrd_intel(void)
 {
-	unsigned int count = mc_saved_data.mc_saved_count;
+	unsigned int count = mc_saved_data.num_saved;
 	struct microcode_intel *mc_saved[MAX_UCODE_COUNT];
 	int ret = 0;
 
-	if (count == 0)
+	if (!count)
 		return ret;
 
-	copy_initrd_ptrs(mc_saved, mc_saved_in_initrd, initrd_start, count);
+	copy_ptrs(mc_saved, mc_tmp_ptrs, get_initrd_start(), count);
+
 	ret = save_microcode(&mc_saved_data, mc_saved, count);
 	if (ret)
 		pr_err("Cannot save microcode patches from initrd.\n");
@@ -701,8 +699,7 @@ int __init save_microcode_in_initrd_intel(void)
 }
 
 static void __init
-_load_ucode_intel_bsp(struct mc_saved_data *mc_saved_data,
-		      unsigned long *initrd,
+_load_ucode_intel_bsp(struct mc_saved_data *mcs, unsigned long *mc_ptrs,
 		      unsigned long start, unsigned long size)
 {
 	struct ucode_cpu_info uci;
@@ -710,11 +707,11 @@ _load_ucode_intel_bsp(struct mc_saved_data *mc_saved_data,
 
 	collect_cpu_info_early(&uci);
 
-	ret = scan_microcode(mc_saved_data, initrd, start, size, &uci);
+	ret = scan_microcode(mcs, mc_ptrs, start, size, &uci);
 	if (ret != UCODE_OK)
 		return;
 
-	ret = load_microcode(mc_saved_data, initrd, start, &uci);
+	ret = load_microcode(mcs, mc_ptrs, start, &uci);
 	if (ret != UCODE_OK)
 		return;
 
@@ -728,53 +725,49 @@ void __init load_ucode_intel_bsp(void)
 	struct boot_params *p;
 
 	p	= (struct boot_params *)__pa_nodebug(&boot_params);
-	start	= p->hdr.ramdisk_image;
 	size	= p->hdr.ramdisk_size;
 
-	_load_ucode_intel_bsp(
-			(struct mc_saved_data *)__pa_nodebug(&mc_saved_data),
-			(unsigned long *)__pa_nodebug(&mc_saved_in_initrd),
-			start, size);
+	/*
+	 * Set start only if we have an initrd image. We cannot use initrd_start
+	 * because it is not set that early yet.
+	 */
+	start	= (size ? p->hdr.ramdisk_image : 0);
+
+	_load_ucode_intel_bsp((struct mc_saved_data *)__pa_nodebug(&mc_saved_data),
+			      (unsigned long *)__pa_nodebug(&mc_tmp_ptrs),
+			      start, size);
 #else
-	start	= boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET;
 	size	= boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
+	start	= (size ? boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET : 0);
 
-	_load_ucode_intel_bsp(&mc_saved_data, mc_saved_in_initrd, start, size);
+	_load_ucode_intel_bsp(&mc_saved_data, mc_tmp_ptrs, start, size);
 #endif
 }
 
 void load_ucode_intel_ap(void)
 {
-	struct mc_saved_data *mc_saved_data_p;
+	unsigned long *mcs_tmp_p;
+	struct mc_saved_data *mcs_p;
 	struct ucode_cpu_info uci;
-	unsigned long *mc_saved_in_initrd_p;
-	unsigned long initrd_start_addr;
 	enum ucode_state ret;
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
-	unsigned long *initrd_start_p;
 
-	mc_saved_in_initrd_p =
-		(unsigned long *)__pa_nodebug(mc_saved_in_initrd);
-	mc_saved_data_p = (struct mc_saved_data *)__pa_nodebug(&mc_saved_data);
-	initrd_start_p = (unsigned long *)__pa_nodebug(&initrd_start);
-	initrd_start_addr = (unsigned long)__pa_nodebug(*initrd_start_p);
+	mcs_tmp_p = (unsigned long *)__pa_nodebug(mc_tmp_ptrs);
+	mcs_p = (struct mc_saved_data *)__pa_nodebug(&mc_saved_data);
 #else
-	mc_saved_data_p = &mc_saved_data;
-	mc_saved_in_initrd_p = mc_saved_in_initrd;
-	initrd_start_addr = initrd_start;
+	mcs_tmp_p = mc_tmp_ptrs;
+	mcs_p = &mc_saved_data;
 #endif
 
 	/*
 	 * If there is no valid ucode previously saved in memory, no need to
 	 * update ucode on this AP.
 	 */
-	if (mc_saved_data_p->mc_saved_count == 0)
+	if (!mcs_p->num_saved)
 		return;
 
 	collect_cpu_info_early(&uci);
-	ret = load_microcode(mc_saved_data_p, mc_saved_in_initrd_p,
-			     initrd_start_addr, &uci);
-
+	ret = load_microcode(mcs_p, mcs_tmp_p, get_initrd_start_addr(), &uci);
 	if (ret != UCODE_OK)
 		return;
 
@@ -786,13 +779,13 @@ void reload_ucode_intel(void)
 	struct ucode_cpu_info uci;
 	enum ucode_state ret;
 
-	if (!mc_saved_data.mc_saved_count)
+	if (!mc_saved_data.num_saved)
 		return;
 
 	collect_cpu_info_early(&uci);
 
 	ret = load_microcode_early(mc_saved_data.mc_saved,
-				   mc_saved_data.mc_saved_count, &uci);
+				   mc_saved_data.num_saved, &uci);
 	if (ret != UCODE_OK)
 		return;
 
@@ -825,7 +818,7 @@ static int collect_cpu_info(int cpu_num, struct cpu_signature *csig)
  * return 0 - no update found
  * return 1 - found update
  */
-static int get_matching_mc(struct microcode_intel *mc_intel, int cpu)
+static int get_matching_mc(struct microcode_intel *mc, int cpu)
 {
 	struct cpu_signature cpu_sig;
 	unsigned int csig, cpf, crev;
@@ -836,39 +829,36 @@ static int get_matching_mc(struct microcode_intel *mc_intel, int cpu)
 	cpf = cpu_sig.pf;
 	crev = cpu_sig.rev;
 
-	return has_newer_microcode(mc_intel, csig, cpf, crev);
+	return has_newer_microcode(mc, csig, cpf, crev);
 }
 
 static int apply_microcode_intel(int cpu)
 {
-	struct microcode_intel *mc_intel;
+	struct microcode_intel *mc;
 	struct ucode_cpu_info *uci;
+	struct cpuinfo_x86 *c;
 	unsigned int val[2];
-	int cpu_num = raw_smp_processor_id();
-	struct cpuinfo_x86 *c = &cpu_data(cpu_num);
-
-	uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
-	mc_intel = uci->mc;
 
 	/* We should bind the task to the CPU */
-	BUG_ON(cpu_num != cpu);
+	if (WARN_ON(raw_smp_processor_id() != cpu))
+		return -1;
 
-	if (mc_intel == NULL)
+	uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
+	mc = uci->mc;
+	if (!mc)
 		return 0;
 
 	/*
 	 * Microcode on this CPU could be updated earlier. Only apply the
-	 * microcode patch in mc_intel when it is newer than the one on this
+	 * microcode patch in mc when it is newer than the one on this
 	 * CPU.
 	 */
-	if (get_matching_mc(mc_intel, cpu) == 0)
+	if (!get_matching_mc(mc, cpu))
 		return 0;
 
 	/* write microcode via MSR 0x79 */
-	wrmsr(MSR_IA32_UCODE_WRITE,
-	      (unsigned long) mc_intel->bits,
-	      (unsigned long) mc_intel->bits >> 16 >> 16);
-	wrmsr(MSR_IA32_UCODE_REV, 0, 0);
+	wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_UCODE_WRITE, (unsigned long)mc->bits);
+	wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_UCODE_REV, 0);
 
 	/* As documented in the SDM: Do a CPUID 1 here */
 	sync_core();
@@ -876,16 +866,19 @@ static int apply_microcode_intel(int cpu)
 	/* get the current revision from MSR 0x8B */
 	rdmsr(MSR_IA32_UCODE_REV, val[0], val[1]);
 
-	if (val[1] != mc_intel->hdr.rev) {
+	if (val[1] != mc->hdr.rev) {
 		pr_err("CPU%d update to revision 0x%x failed\n",
-		       cpu_num, mc_intel->hdr.rev);
+		       cpu, mc->hdr.rev);
 		return -1;
 	}
+
 	pr_info("CPU%d updated to revision 0x%x, date = %04x-%02x-%02x\n",
-		cpu_num, val[1],
-		mc_intel->hdr.date & 0xffff,
-		mc_intel->hdr.date >> 24,
-		(mc_intel->hdr.date >> 16) & 0xff);
+		cpu, val[1],
+		mc->hdr.date & 0xffff,
+		mc->hdr.date >> 24,
+		(mc->hdr.date >> 16) & 0xff);
+
+	c = &cpu_data(cpu);
 
 	uci->cpu_sig.rev = val[1];
 	c->microcode = val[1];
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/intel_lib.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/intel_lib.c
index b96896bcbdaf..2ce1a7dc45b7 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/intel_lib.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/intel_lib.c
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ int microcode_sanity_check(void *mc, int print_err)
 	unsigned long total_size, data_size, ext_table_size;
 	struct microcode_header_intel *mc_header = mc;
 	struct extended_sigtable *ext_header = NULL;
-	int sum, orig_sum, ext_sigcount = 0, i;
+	u32 sum, orig_sum, ext_sigcount = 0, i;
 	struct extended_signature *ext_sig;
 
 	total_size = get_totalsize(mc_header);
@@ -57,69 +57,85 @@ int microcode_sanity_check(void *mc, int print_err)
 
 	if (data_size + MC_HEADER_SIZE > total_size) {
 		if (print_err)
-			pr_err("error! Bad data size in microcode data file\n");
+			pr_err("Error: bad microcode data file size.\n");
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
 	if (mc_header->ldrver != 1 || mc_header->hdrver != 1) {
 		if (print_err)
-			pr_err("error! Unknown microcode update format\n");
+			pr_err("Error: invalid/unknown microcode update format.\n");
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
+
 	ext_table_size = total_size - (MC_HEADER_SIZE + data_size);
 	if (ext_table_size) {
+		u32 ext_table_sum = 0;
+		u32 *ext_tablep;
+
 		if ((ext_table_size < EXT_HEADER_SIZE)
 		 || ((ext_table_size - EXT_HEADER_SIZE) % EXT_SIGNATURE_SIZE)) {
 			if (print_err)
-				pr_err("error! Small exttable size in microcode data file\n");
+				pr_err("Error: truncated extended signature table.\n");
 			return -EINVAL;
 		}
+
 		ext_header = mc + MC_HEADER_SIZE + data_size;
 		if (ext_table_size != exttable_size(ext_header)) {
 			if (print_err)
-				pr_err("error! Bad exttable size in microcode data file\n");
+				pr_err("Error: extended signature table size mismatch.\n");
 			return -EFAULT;
 		}
+
 		ext_sigcount = ext_header->count;
-	}
 
-	/* check extended table checksum */
-	if (ext_table_size) {
-		int ext_table_sum = 0;
-		int *ext_tablep = (int *)ext_header;
+		/*
+		 * Check extended table checksum: the sum of all dwords that
+		 * comprise a valid table must be 0.
+		 */
+		ext_tablep = (u32 *)ext_header;
 
-		i = ext_table_size / DWSIZE;
+		i = ext_table_size / sizeof(u32);
 		while (i--)
 			ext_table_sum += ext_tablep[i];
+
 		if (ext_table_sum) {
 			if (print_err)
-				pr_warn("aborting, bad extended signature table checksum\n");
+				pr_warn("Bad extended signature table checksum, aborting.\n");
 			return -EINVAL;
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* calculate the checksum */
+	/*
+	 * Calculate the checksum of update data and header. The checksum of
+	 * valid update data and header including the extended signature table
+	 * must be 0.
+	 */
 	orig_sum = 0;
-	i = (MC_HEADER_SIZE + data_size) / DWSIZE;
+	i = (MC_HEADER_SIZE + data_size) / sizeof(u32);
 	while (i--)
-		orig_sum += ((int *)mc)[i];
+		orig_sum += ((u32 *)mc)[i];
+
 	if (orig_sum) {
 		if (print_err)
-			pr_err("aborting, bad checksum\n");
+			pr_err("Bad microcode data checksum, aborting.\n");
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
+
 	if (!ext_table_size)
 		return 0;
-	/* check extended signature checksum */
+
+	/*
+	 * Check extended signature checksum: 0 => valid.
+	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < ext_sigcount; i++) {
 		ext_sig = (void *)ext_header + EXT_HEADER_SIZE +
 			  EXT_SIGNATURE_SIZE * i;
-		sum = orig_sum
-			- (mc_header->sig + mc_header->pf + mc_header->cksum)
-			+ (ext_sig->sig + ext_sig->pf + ext_sig->cksum);
+
+		sum = (mc_header->sig + mc_header->pf + mc_header->cksum) -
+		      (ext_sig->sig + ext_sig->pf + ext_sig->cksum);
 		if (sum) {
 			if (print_err)
-				pr_err("aborting, bad checksum\n");
+				pr_err("Bad extended signature checksum, aborting.\n");
 			return -EINVAL;
 		}
 	}