Merge branch 'bpf-btf-type-fixes'

Yonghong Song says:

====================
Commit 69b693f0aefa ("bpf: btf: Introduce BPF Type Format (BTF)")
introduced BTF, a debug info format for BTF.

The original design has a couple of issues though.
First, the bitfield size is only encoded in int type.
If the struct member bitfield type is enum, pahole ([1])
or llvm is forced to replace enum with int type. As a result, the original
type information gets lost.

Second, the original BTF design does not envision the possibility of
BTF=>header_file conversion ([2]), hence does not encode "struct" or
"union" info for a forward type. Such information is necessary to
convert BTF to a header file.

This patch set fixed the issue by introducing kind_flag, using one bit
in type->info. When kind_flag, the struct/union btf_member->offset
will encode both bitfield_size and bit_offset, covering both
int and enum base types. The kind_flag is also used to indicate whether
the forward type is a union (when set) or a struct.

Patch #1 refactors function btf_int_bits_seq_show() so Patch #2
can reuse part of the function.
Patch #2 implemented kind_flag support for struct/union/fwd types.
Patch #3 added kind_flag support for cgroup local storage map pretty print.
Patch #4 syncs kernel uapi btf.h to tools directory.
Patch #5 added unit tests for kind_flag.
Patch #6 added tests for kernel bpffs based pretty print with kind_flag.
Patch #7 refactors function btf_dumper_int_bits() so Patch #8
can reuse part of the function.
Patch #8 added bpftool support of pretty print with kind_flag set.

  [1] https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/devel/pahole/pahole.git/commit/?id=b18354f64cc215368c3bc0df4a7e5341c55c378c
  [2] https://lwn.net/SubscriberLink/773198/fe3074838f5c3f26/

Change logs:
  v2 -> v3:
    . Relocated comments about bitfield_size/bit_offset interpretation
      of the "offset" field right before the "offset" struct member.
    . Added missing byte alignment checking for non-bitfield enum
      member of a struct with kind_flag set.
    . Added two test cases in unit tests for struct type, kind_flag set,
      non-bitfield int/enum member, not-byte aligned bit offsets.
    . Added comments to help understand there is no overflow for
      total_bits_offset in bpftool function btf_dumper_int_bits().
    . Added explanation of typedef type dumping fix in Patch #8 commit
      message.

  v1 -> v2:
    . If kind_flag is set for a structure, ensure an int member,
      whether it is a bitfield or not, is a regular int type.
    . Added support so cgroup local storage map pretty print
      works with kind_flag.
====================

Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>

3 files changed, 712 insertions, 33 deletions

diff --git a/tools/bpf/bpftool/btf_dumper.c b/tools/bpf/bpftool/btf_dumper.c
index 5cdb2ef8b6f1..3f0629edbca5 100644
--- a/tools/bpf/bpftool/btf_dumper.c
+++ b/tools/bpf/bpftool/btf_dumper.c
@@ -73,20 +73,17 @@ static int btf_dumper_array(const struct btf_dumper *d, __u32 type_id,
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static void btf_dumper_int_bits(__u32 int_type, __u8 bit_offset,
+static void btf_dumper_bitfield(__u32 nr_bits, __u8 bit_offset,
 				const void *data, json_writer_t *jw,
 				bool is_plain_text)
 {
 	int left_shift_bits, right_shift_bits;
-	int nr_bits = BTF_INT_BITS(int_type);
-	int total_bits_offset;
 	int bytes_to_copy;
 	int bits_to_copy;
 	__u64 print_num;
 
-	total_bits_offset = bit_offset + BTF_INT_OFFSET(int_type);
-	data += BITS_ROUNDDOWN_BYTES(total_bits_offset);
-	bit_offset = BITS_PER_BYTE_MASKED(total_bits_offset);
+	data += BITS_ROUNDDOWN_BYTES(bit_offset);
+	bit_offset = BITS_PER_BYTE_MASKED(bit_offset);
 	bits_to_copy = bit_offset + nr_bits;
 	bytes_to_copy = BITS_ROUNDUP_BYTES(bits_to_copy);
 
@@ -109,6 +106,22 @@ static void btf_dumper_int_bits(__u32 int_type, __u8 bit_offset,
 		jsonw_printf(jw, "%llu", print_num);
 }
 
+
+static void btf_dumper_int_bits(__u32 int_type, __u8 bit_offset,
+				const void *data, json_writer_t *jw,
+				bool is_plain_text)
+{
+	int nr_bits = BTF_INT_BITS(int_type);
+	int total_bits_offset;
+
+	/* bits_offset is at most 7.
+	 * BTF_INT_OFFSET() cannot exceed 64 bits.
+	 */
+	total_bits_offset = bit_offset + BTF_INT_OFFSET(int_type);
+	btf_dumper_bitfield(nr_bits, total_bits_offset, data, jw,
+			    is_plain_text);
+}
+
 static int btf_dumper_int(const struct btf_type *t, __u8 bit_offset,
 			  const void *data, json_writer_t *jw,
 			  bool is_plain_text)
@@ -180,6 +193,7 @@ static int btf_dumper_struct(const struct btf_dumper *d, __u32 type_id,
 	const struct btf_type *t;
 	struct btf_member *m;
 	const void *data_off;
+	int kind_flag;
 	int ret = 0;
 	int i, vlen;
 
@@ -187,18 +201,32 @@ static int btf_dumper_struct(const struct btf_dumper *d, __u32 type_id,
 	if (!t)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
+	kind_flag = BTF_INFO_KFLAG(t->info);
 	vlen = BTF_INFO_VLEN(t->info);
 	jsonw_start_object(d->jw);
 	m = (struct btf_member *)(t + 1);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) {
-		data_off = data + BITS_ROUNDDOWN_BYTES(m[i].offset);
+		__u32 bit_offset = m[i].offset;
+		__u32 bitfield_size = 0;
+
+		if (kind_flag) {
+			bitfield_size = BTF_MEMBER_BITFIELD_SIZE(bit_offset);
+			bit_offset = BTF_MEMBER_BIT_OFFSET(bit_offset);
+		}
+
 		jsonw_name(d->jw, btf__name_by_offset(d->btf, m[i].name_off));
-		ret = btf_dumper_do_type(d, m[i].type,
-					 BITS_PER_BYTE_MASKED(m[i].offset),
-					 data_off);
-		if (ret)
-			break;
+		if (bitfield_size) {
+			btf_dumper_bitfield(bitfield_size, bit_offset,
+					    data, d->jw, d->is_plain_text);
+		} else {
+			data_off = data + BITS_ROUNDDOWN_BYTES(bit_offset);
+			ret = btf_dumper_do_type(d, m[i].type,
+						 BITS_PER_BYTE_MASKED(bit_offset),
+						 data_off);
+			if (ret)
+				break;
+		}
 	}
 
 	jsonw_end_object(d->jw);
@@ -285,6 +313,7 @@ static int __btf_dumper_type_only(const struct btf *btf, __u32 type_id,
 
 	switch (BTF_INFO_KIND(t->info)) {
 	case BTF_KIND_INT:
+	case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:
 		BTF_PRINT_ARG("%s ", btf__name_by_offset(btf, t->name_off));
 		break;
 	case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:
@@ -308,10 +337,11 @@ static int __btf_dumper_type_only(const struct btf *btf, __u32 type_id,
 		BTF_PRINT_TYPE(t->type);
 		BTF_PRINT_ARG("* ");
 		break;
-	case BTF_KIND_UNKN:
 	case BTF_KIND_FWD:
-	case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:
-		return -1;
+		BTF_PRINT_ARG("%s %s ",
+			      BTF_INFO_KFLAG(t->info) ? "union" : "struct",
+			      btf__name_by_offset(btf, t->name_off));
+		break;
 	case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:
 		BTF_PRINT_ARG("volatile ");
 		BTF_PRINT_TYPE(t->type);
@@ -335,6 +365,7 @@ static int __btf_dumper_type_only(const struct btf *btf, __u32 type_id,
 		if (pos == -1)
 			return -1;
 		break;
+	case BTF_KIND_UNKN:
 	default:
 		return -1;
 	}
diff --git a/tools/include/uapi/linux/btf.h b/tools/include/uapi/linux/btf.h
index 14f66948fc95..7b7475ef2f17 100644
--- a/tools/include/uapi/linux/btf.h
+++ b/tools/include/uapi/linux/btf.h
@@ -34,7 +34,9 @@ struct btf_type {
 	 * bits  0-15: vlen (e.g. # of struct's members)
 	 * bits 16-23: unused
 	 * bits 24-27: kind (e.g. int, ptr, array...etc)
-	 * bits 28-31: unused
+	 * bits 28-30: unused
+	 * bit     31: kind_flag, currently used by
+	 *             struct, union and fwd
 	 */
 	__u32 info;
 	/* "size" is used by INT, ENUM, STRUCT and UNION.
@@ -52,6 +54,7 @@ struct btf_type {
 
 #define BTF_INFO_KIND(info)	(((info) >> 24) & 0x0f)
 #define BTF_INFO_VLEN(info)	((info) & 0xffff)
+#define BTF_INFO_KFLAG(info)	((info) >> 31)
 
 #define BTF_KIND_UNKN		0	/* Unknown	*/
 #define BTF_KIND_INT		1	/* Integer	*/
@@ -110,9 +113,22 @@ struct btf_array {
 struct btf_member {
 	__u32	name_off;
 	__u32	type;
-	__u32	offset;	/* offset in bits */
+	/* If the type info kind_flag is set, the btf_member offset
+	 * contains both member bitfield size and bit offset. The
+	 * bitfield size is set for bitfield members. If the type
+	 * info kind_flag is not set, the offset contains only bit
+	 * offset.
+	 */
+	__u32	offset;
 };
 
+/* If the struct/union type info kind_flag is set, the
+ * following two macros are used to access bitfield_size
+ * and bit_offset from btf_member.offset.
+ */
+#define BTF_MEMBER_BITFIELD_SIZE(val)	((val) >> 24)
+#define BTF_MEMBER_BIT_OFFSET(val)	((val) & 0xffffff)
+
 /* BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO is followed by multiple "struct btf_param".
  * The exact number of btf_param is stored in the vlen (of the
  * info in "struct btf_type").
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_btf.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_btf.c
index 8478316aaf9a..b783aa2212cc 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_btf.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_btf.c
@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ static int __base_pr(const char *format, ...)
 	return err;
 }
 
-#define BTF_INFO_ENC(kind, root, vlen)			\
-	((!!(root) << 31) | ((kind) << 24) | ((vlen) & BTF_MAX_VLEN))
+#define BTF_INFO_ENC(kind, kind_flag, vlen)			\
+	((!!(kind_flag) << 31) | ((kind) << 24) | ((vlen) & BTF_MAX_VLEN))
 
 #define BTF_TYPE_ENC(name, info, size_or_type)	\
 	(name), (info), (size_or_type)
@@ -86,6 +86,8 @@ static int __base_pr(const char *format, ...)
 #define BTF_MEMBER_ENC(name, type, bits_offset)	\
 	(name), (type), (bits_offset)
 #define BTF_ENUM_ENC(name, val) (name), (val)
+#define BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(bitfield_size, bits_offset) \
+	((bitfield_size) << 24 | (bits_offset))
 
 #define BTF_TYPEDEF_ENC(name, type) \
 	BTF_TYPE_ENC(name, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF, 0, 0), type)
@@ -2215,6 +2217,496 @@ static struct btf_raw_test raw_tests[] = {
 	.err_str = "Invalid type_id",
 },
 
+{
+	.descr = "invalid int kind_flag",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),		/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_INT, 1, 0), 4),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_INT_ENC(0, 0, 32),
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC(""),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "int_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+	.btf_load_err = true,
+	.err_str = "Invalid btf_info kind_flag",
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "invalid ptr kind_flag",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),		/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_PTR, 1, 0), 1),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC(""),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "ptr_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+	.btf_load_err = true,
+	.err_str = "Invalid btf_info kind_flag",
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "invalid array kind_flag",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),		/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_ARRAY, 1, 0), 0),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_ARRAY_ENC(1, 1, 1),
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC(""),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "array_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+	.btf_load_err = true,
+	.err_str = "Invalid btf_info kind_flag",
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "invalid enum kind_flag",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),		/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_ENUM, 1, 1), 4),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_ENUM_ENC(NAME_TBD, 0),
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0A"),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "enum_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+	.btf_load_err = true,
+	.err_str = "Invalid btf_info kind_flag",
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "valid fwd kind_flag",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),		/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(NAME_TBD,
+			     BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_FWD, 1, 0), 0),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0A"),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "fwd_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "invalid typedef kind_flag",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),		/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(NAME_TBD,
+			     BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF, 1, 0), 1),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0A"),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "typedef_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+	.btf_load_err = true,
+	.err_str = "Invalid btf_info kind_flag",
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "invalid volatile kind_flag",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),			/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_VOLATILE, 1, 0), 1),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC(""),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "volatile_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+	.btf_load_err = true,
+	.err_str = "Invalid btf_info kind_flag",
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "invalid const kind_flag",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),		/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_CONST, 1, 0), 1),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC(""),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "const_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+	.btf_load_err = true,
+	.err_str = "Invalid btf_info kind_flag",
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "invalid restrict kind_flag",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),			/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_RESTRICT, 1, 0), 1),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC(""),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "restrict_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+	.btf_load_err = true,
+	.err_str = "Invalid btf_info kind_flag",
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "invalid func kind_flag",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),			/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO, 0, 0), 0),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(NAME_TBD, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_FUNC, 1, 0), 2),	/* [3] */
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0A"),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "func_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+	.btf_load_err = true,
+	.err_str = "Invalid btf_info kind_flag",
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "invalid func_proto kind_flag",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),			/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO, 1, 0), 0),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC(""),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "func_proto_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+	.btf_load_err = true,
+	.err_str = "Invalid btf_info kind_flag",
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "valid struct, kind_flag, bitfield_size = 0",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),			/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_STRUCT, 1, 2), 8),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 1, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(0, 0)),
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 1, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(0, 32)),
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0A\0B"),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "struct_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "valid struct, kind_flag, int member, bitfield_size != 0",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),			/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_STRUCT, 1, 2), 4),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 1, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(4, 0)),
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 1, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(4, 4)),
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0A\0B"),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "struct_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "valid union, kind_flag, int member, bitfield_size != 0",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),		/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_UNION, 1, 2), 4),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 1, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(4, 0)),
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 1, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(4, 0)),
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0A\0B"),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "union_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "valid struct, kind_flag, enum member, bitfield_size != 0",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),		/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_ENUM, 0, 1), 4),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_ENUM_ENC(NAME_TBD, 0),
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_STRUCT, 1, 2), 4),/* [3] */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 2, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(4, 0)),
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 2, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(4, 4)),
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0A\0B\0C"),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "struct_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "valid union, kind_flag, enum member, bitfield_size != 0",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),		/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_ENUM, 0, 1), 4),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_ENUM_ENC(NAME_TBD, 0),
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_UNION, 1, 2), 4),	/* [3] */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 2, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(4, 0)),
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 2, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(4, 0)),
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0A\0B\0C"),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "union_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "valid struct, kind_flag, typedef member, bitfield_size != 0",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),		/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_ENUM, 0, 1), 4),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_ENUM_ENC(NAME_TBD, 0),
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_STRUCT, 1, 2), 4),/* [3] */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 4, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(4, 0)),
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 5, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(4, 4)),
+		BTF_TYPEDEF_ENC(NAME_TBD, 1),				/* [4] */
+		BTF_TYPEDEF_ENC(NAME_TBD, 2),				/* [5] */
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0A\0B\0C\0D\0E"),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "struct_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "valid union, kind_flag, typedef member, bitfield_size != 0",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),		/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_ENUM, 0, 1), 4),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_ENUM_ENC(NAME_TBD, 0),
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_UNION, 1, 2), 4),	/* [3] */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 4, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(4, 0)),
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 5, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(4, 0)),
+		BTF_TYPEDEF_ENC(NAME_TBD, 1),				/* [4] */
+		BTF_TYPEDEF_ENC(NAME_TBD, 2),				/* [5] */
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0A\0B\0C\0D\0E"),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "union_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "invalid struct, kind_flag, bitfield_size greater than struct size",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),			/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_STRUCT, 1, 2), 4),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 1, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(20, 0)),
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 1, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(20, 20)),
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0A\0B"),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "struct_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+	.btf_load_err = true,
+	.err_str = "Member exceeds struct_size",
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "invalid struct, kind_flag, bitfield base_type int not regular",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),			/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 20, 4),			/* [2] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_STRUCT, 1, 2), 4),	/* [3] */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 2, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(20, 0)),
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 2, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(20, 20)),
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0A\0B"),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "struct_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+	.btf_load_err = true,
+	.err_str = "Invalid member base type",
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "invalid struct, kind_flag, base_type int not regular",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),			/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 12, 4),			/* [2] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_STRUCT, 1, 2), 4),	/* [3] */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 2, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(8, 0)),
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 2, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(8, 8)),
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0A\0B"),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "struct_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+	.btf_load_err = true,
+	.err_str = "Invalid member base type",
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "invalid union, kind_flag, bitfield_size greater than struct size",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),		/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_UNION, 1, 2), 2),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 1, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(8, 0)),
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 1, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(20, 0)),
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0A\0B"),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "union_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+	.btf_load_err = true,
+	.err_str = "Member exceeds struct_size",
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "invalid struct, kind_flag, int member, bitfield_size = 0, wrong byte alignment",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),			/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),			/* [2] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_STRUCT, 1, 2), 12),	/* [3] */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 2, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(0, 0)),
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 2, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(0, 36)),
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0A\0B"),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "struct_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+	.btf_load_err = true,
+	.err_str = "Invalid member offset",
+},
+
+{
+	.descr = "invalid struct, kind_flag, enum member, bitfield_size = 0, wrong byte alignment",
+	.raw_types = {
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),			/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),			/* [2] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_ENUM, 0, 1), 4),	/* [2] */
+		BTF_ENUM_ENC(NAME_TBD, 0),
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_STRUCT, 1, 2), 12),	/* [3] */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 2, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(0, 0)),
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 2, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(0, 36)),
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0A\0B\0C"),
+	.map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.map_name = "struct_type_check_btf",
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(int),
+	.key_type_id = 1,
+	.value_type_id = 1,
+	.max_entries = 4,
+	.btf_load_err = true,
+	.err_str = "Invalid member offset",
+},
+
 }; /* struct btf_raw_test raw_tests[] */
 
 static const char *get_next_str(const char *start, const char *end)
@@ -3036,7 +3528,8 @@ struct pprint_mapv {
 	} aenum;
 };
 
-static struct btf_raw_test pprint_test_template = {
+static struct btf_raw_test pprint_test_template[] = {
+{
 	.raw_types = {
 		/* unsighed char */			/* [1] */
 		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(NAME_TBD, 0, 0, 8, 1),
@@ -3086,13 +3579,140 @@ static struct btf_raw_test pprint_test_template = {
 		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 15, 192),	/* aenum */
 		BTF_END_RAW,
 	},
-	.str_sec = "\0unsigned char\0unsigned short\0unsigned int\0int\0unsigned long long\0uint8_t\0uint16_t\0uint32_t\0int32_t\0uint64_t\0ui64\0ui8a\0ENUM_ZERO\0ENUM_ONE\0ENUM_TWO\0ENUM_THREE\0pprint_mapv\0ui32\0ui16\0si32\0unused_bits2a\0bits28\0unused_bits2b\0aenum",
-	.str_sec_size = sizeof("\0unsigned char\0unsigned short\0unsigned int\0int\0unsigned long long\0uint8_t\0uint16_t\0uint32_t\0int32_t\0uint64_t\0ui64\0ui8a\0ENUM_ZERO\0ENUM_ONE\0ENUM_TWO\0ENUM_THREE\0pprint_mapv\0ui32\0ui16\0si32\0unused_bits2a\0bits28\0unused_bits2b\0aenum"),
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0unsigned char\0unsigned short\0unsigned int\0int\0unsigned long long\0uint8_t\0uint16_t\0uint32_t\0int32_t\0uint64_t\0ui64\0ui8a\0ENUM_ZERO\0ENUM_ONE\0ENUM_TWO\0ENUM_THREE\0pprint_mapv\0ui32\0ui16\0si32\0unused_bits2a\0bits28\0unused_bits2b\0aenum"),
+	.key_size = sizeof(unsigned int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(struct pprint_mapv),
+	.key_type_id = 3,	/* unsigned int */
+	.value_type_id = 16,	/* struct pprint_mapv */
+	.max_entries = 128 * 1024,
+},
+
+{
+	/* this type will have the same type as the
+	 * first .raw_types definition, but struct type will
+	 * be encoded with kind_flag set.
+	 */
+	.raw_types = {
+		/* unsighed char */			/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(NAME_TBD, 0, 0, 8, 1),
+		/* unsigned short */			/* [2] */
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(NAME_TBD, 0, 0, 16, 2),
+		/* unsigned int */			/* [3] */
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(NAME_TBD, 0, 0, 32, 4),
+		/* int */				/* [4] */
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(NAME_TBD, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),
+		/* unsigned long long */		/* [5] */
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(NAME_TBD, 0, 0, 64, 8),
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, 0, 0, 32, 4),	/* [6] */
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, 0, 0, 32, 4),	/* [7] */
+		/* uint8_t[8] */			/* [8] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ARRAY_ENC(9, 1, 8),
+		/* typedef unsigned char uint8_t */	/* [9] */
+		BTF_TYPEDEF_ENC(NAME_TBD, 1),
+		/* typedef unsigned short uint16_t */	/* [10] */
+		BTF_TYPEDEF_ENC(NAME_TBD, 2),
+		/* typedef unsigned int uint32_t */	/* [11] */
+		BTF_TYPEDEF_ENC(NAME_TBD, 3),
+		/* typedef int int32_t */		/* [12] */
+		BTF_TYPEDEF_ENC(NAME_TBD, 4),
+		/* typedef unsigned long long uint64_t *//* [13] */
+		BTF_TYPEDEF_ENC(NAME_TBD, 5),
+		/* union (anon) */			/* [14] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_UNION, 0, 2), 8),
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 13, 0),/* uint64_t ui64; */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 8, 0),	/* uint8_t ui8a[8]; */
+		/* enum (anon) */			/* [15] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_ENUM, 0, 4), 4),
+		BTF_ENUM_ENC(NAME_TBD, 0),
+		BTF_ENUM_ENC(NAME_TBD, 1),
+		BTF_ENUM_ENC(NAME_TBD, 2),
+		BTF_ENUM_ENC(NAME_TBD, 3),
+		/* struct pprint_mapv */		/* [16] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(NAME_TBD, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_STRUCT, 1, 8), 32),
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 11, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(0, 0)),	/* uint32_t ui32 */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 10, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(0, 32)),	/* uint16_t ui16 */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 12, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(0, 64)),	/* int32_t si32 */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 6, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(2, 96)),	/* unused_bits2a */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 7, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(28, 98)),	/* bits28 */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 6, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(2, 126)),	/* unused_bits2b */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(0, 14, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(0, 128)),	/* union (anon) */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 15, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(0, 192)),	/* aenum */
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0unsigned char\0unsigned short\0unsigned int\0int\0unsigned long long\0uint8_t\0uint16_t\0uint32_t\0int32_t\0uint64_t\0ui64\0ui8a\0ENUM_ZERO\0ENUM_ONE\0ENUM_TWO\0ENUM_THREE\0pprint_mapv\0ui32\0ui16\0si32\0unused_bits2a\0bits28\0unused_bits2b\0aenum"),
 	.key_size = sizeof(unsigned int),
 	.value_size = sizeof(struct pprint_mapv),
 	.key_type_id = 3,	/* unsigned int */
 	.value_type_id = 16,	/* struct pprint_mapv */
 	.max_entries = 128 * 1024,
+},
+
+{
+	/* this type will have the same layout as the
+	 * first .raw_types definition. The struct type will
+	 * be encoded with kind_flag set, bitfield members
+	 * are added typedef/const/volatile, and bitfield members
+	 * will have both int and enum types.
+	 */
+	.raw_types = {
+		/* unsighed char */			/* [1] */
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(NAME_TBD, 0, 0, 8, 1),
+		/* unsigned short */			/* [2] */
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(NAME_TBD, 0, 0, 16, 2),
+		/* unsigned int */			/* [3] */
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(NAME_TBD, 0, 0, 32, 4),
+		/* int */				/* [4] */
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(NAME_TBD, BTF_INT_SIGNED, 0, 32, 4),
+		/* unsigned long long */		/* [5] */
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(NAME_TBD, 0, 0, 64, 8),
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, 0, 0, 32, 4),	/* [6] */
+		BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(0, 0, 0, 32, 4),	/* [7] */
+		/* uint8_t[8] */			/* [8] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ARRAY_ENC(9, 1, 8),
+		/* typedef unsigned char uint8_t */	/* [9] */
+		BTF_TYPEDEF_ENC(NAME_TBD, 1),
+		/* typedef unsigned short uint16_t */	/* [10] */
+		BTF_TYPEDEF_ENC(NAME_TBD, 2),
+		/* typedef unsigned int uint32_t */	/* [11] */
+		BTF_TYPEDEF_ENC(NAME_TBD, 3),
+		/* typedef int int32_t */		/* [12] */
+		BTF_TYPEDEF_ENC(NAME_TBD, 4),
+		/* typedef unsigned long long uint64_t *//* [13] */
+		BTF_TYPEDEF_ENC(NAME_TBD, 5),
+		/* union (anon) */			/* [14] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_UNION, 0, 2), 8),
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 13, 0),/* uint64_t ui64; */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 8, 0),	/* uint8_t ui8a[8]; */
+		/* enum (anon) */			/* [15] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_ENUM, 0, 4), 4),
+		BTF_ENUM_ENC(NAME_TBD, 0),
+		BTF_ENUM_ENC(NAME_TBD, 1),
+		BTF_ENUM_ENC(NAME_TBD, 2),
+		BTF_ENUM_ENC(NAME_TBD, 3),
+		/* struct pprint_mapv */		/* [16] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(NAME_TBD, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_STRUCT, 1, 8), 32),
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 11, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(0, 0)),	/* uint32_t ui32 */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 10, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(0, 32)),	/* uint16_t ui16 */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 12, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(0, 64)),	/* int32_t si32 */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 17, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(2, 96)),	/* unused_bits2a */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 7, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(28, 98)),	/* bits28 */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 19, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(2, 126)),/* unused_bits2b */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(0, 14, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(0, 128)),	/* union (anon) */
+		BTF_MEMBER_ENC(NAME_TBD, 15, BTF_MEMBER_OFFSET(0, 192)),	/* aenum */
+		/* typedef unsigned int ___int */	/* [17] */
+		BTF_TYPEDEF_ENC(NAME_TBD, 18),
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_VOLATILE, 0, 0), 6),	/* [18] */
+		BTF_TYPE_ENC(0, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_CONST, 0, 0), 15),	/* [19] */
+		BTF_END_RAW,
+	},
+	BTF_STR_SEC("\0unsigned char\0unsigned short\0unsigned int\0int\0unsigned long long\0uint8_t\0uint16_t\0uint32_t\0int32_t\0uint64_t\0ui64\0ui8a\0ENUM_ZERO\0ENUM_ONE\0ENUM_TWO\0ENUM_THREE\0pprint_mapv\0ui32\0ui16\0si32\0unused_bits2a\0bits28\0unused_bits2b\0aenum\0___int"),
+	.key_size = sizeof(unsigned int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(struct pprint_mapv),
+	.key_type_id = 3,	/* unsigned int */
+	.value_type_id = 16,	/* struct pprint_mapv */
+	.max_entries = 128 * 1024,
+},
+
 };
 
 static struct btf_pprint_test_meta {
@@ -3195,9 +3815,9 @@ static int check_line(const char *expected_line, int nexpected_line,
 }
 
 
-static int do_test_pprint(void)
+static int do_test_pprint(int test_num)
 {
-	const struct btf_raw_test *test = &pprint_test_template;
+	const struct btf_raw_test *test = &pprint_test_template[test_num];
 	struct bpf_create_map_attr create_attr = {};
 	bool ordered_map, lossless_map, percpu_map;
 	int err, ret, num_cpus, rounded_value_size;
@@ -3213,7 +3833,7 @@ static int do_test_pprint(void)
 	uint8_t *raw_btf;
 	ssize_t nread;
 
-	fprintf(stderr, "%s......", test->descr);
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s(#%d)......", test->descr, test_num);
 	raw_btf = btf_raw_create(&hdr_tmpl, test->raw_types,
 				 test->str_sec, test->str_sec_size,
 				 &raw_btf_size, NULL);
@@ -3406,15 +4026,27 @@ static int test_pprint(void)
 	unsigned int i;
 	int err = 0;
 
+	/* test various maps with the first test template */
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pprint_tests_meta); i++) {
-		pprint_test_template.descr = pprint_tests_meta[i].descr;
-		pprint_test_template.map_type = pprint_tests_meta[i].map_type;
-		pprint_test_template.map_name = pprint_tests_meta[i].map_name;
-		pprint_test_template.ordered_map = pprint_tests_meta[i].ordered_map;
-		pprint_test_template.lossless_map = pprint_tests_meta[i].lossless_map;
-		pprint_test_template.percpu_map = pprint_tests_meta[i].percpu_map;
-
-		err |= count_result(do_test_pprint());
+		pprint_test_template[0].descr = pprint_tests_meta[i].descr;
+		pprint_test_template[0].map_type = pprint_tests_meta[i].map_type;
+		pprint_test_template[0].map_name = pprint_tests_meta[i].map_name;
+		pprint_test_template[0].ordered_map = pprint_tests_meta[i].ordered_map;
+		pprint_test_template[0].lossless_map = pprint_tests_meta[i].lossless_map;
+		pprint_test_template[0].percpu_map = pprint_tests_meta[i].percpu_map;
+
+		err |= count_result(do_test_pprint(0));
+	}
+
+	/* test rest test templates with the first map */
+	for (i = 1; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pprint_test_template); i++) {
+		pprint_test_template[i].descr = pprint_tests_meta[0].descr;
+		pprint_test_template[i].map_type = pprint_tests_meta[0].map_type;
+		pprint_test_template[i].map_name = pprint_tests_meta[0].map_name;
+		pprint_test_template[i].ordered_map = pprint_tests_meta[0].ordered_map;
+		pprint_test_template[i].lossless_map = pprint_tests_meta[0].lossless_map;
+		pprint_test_template[i].percpu_map = pprint_tests_meta[0].percpu_map;
+		err |= count_result(do_test_pprint(i));
 	}
 
 	return err;