drm/i915: use pat_index instead of cache_level

Currently the KMD is using enum i915_cache_level to set caching policy for
buffer objects. This is flaky because the PAT index which really controls
the caching behavior in PTE has far more levels than what's defined in the
enum. In addition, the PAT index is platform dependent, having to translate
between i915_cache_level and PAT index is not reliable, and makes the code
more complicated.

From UMD's perspective there is also a necessity to set caching policy for
performance fine tuning. It's much easier for the UMD to directly use PAT
index because the behavior of each PAT index is clearly defined in Bspec.
Having the abstracted i915_cache_level sitting in between would only cause
more ambiguity. PAT is expected to work much like MOCS already works today,
and by design userspace is expected to select the index that exactly
matches the desired behavior described in the hardware specification.

For these reasons this patch replaces i915_cache_level with PAT index. Also
note, the cache_level is not completely removed yet, because the KMD still
has the need of creating buffer objects with simple cache settings such as
cached, uncached, or writethrough. For kernel objects, cache_level is used
for simplicity and backward compatibility. For Pre-gen12 platforms PAT can
have 1:1 mapping to i915_cache_level, so these two are interchangeable. see
the use of LEGACY_CACHELEVEL.

One consequence of this change is that gen8_pte_encode is no longer working
for gen12 platforms due to the fact that gen12 platforms has different PAT
definitions. In the meantime the mtl_pte_encode introduced specfically for
MTL becomes generic for all gen12 platforms. This patch renames the MTL
PTE encode function into gen12_pte_encode and apply it to all gen12. Even
though this change looks unrelated, but separating them would temporarily
break gen12 PTE encoding, thus squash them in one patch.

Special note: this patch changes the way caching behavior is controlled in
the sense that some objects are left to be managed by userspace. For such
objects we need to be careful not to change the userspace settings.There
are kerneldoc and comments added around obj->cache_coherent, cache_dirty,
and how to bypass the checkings by i915_gem_object_has_cache_level. For
full understanding, these changes need to be looked at together with the
two follow-up patches, one disables the {set|get}_caching ioctl's and the
other adds set_pat extension to the GEM_CREATE uAPI.

Bspec: 63019

Cc: Chris Wilson <chris.p.wilson@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Fei Yang <fei.yang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Andi Shyti <andi.shyti@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Matt Roper <matthew.d.roper@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Shyti <andi.shyti@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://patchwork.freedesktop.org/patch/msgid/20230509165200.1740-3-fei.yang@intel.com

36 files changed, 453 insertions, 238 deletions

diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dpt.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dpt.c
index c5eacfdba1a5..7c5fddb203ba 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dpt.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dpt.c
@@ -43,24 +43,24 @@ static void gen8_set_pte(void __iomem *addr, gen8_pte_t pte)
 static void dpt_insert_page(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 			    dma_addr_t addr,
 			    u64 offset,
-			    enum i915_cache_level level,
+			    unsigned int pat_index,
 			    u32 flags)
 {
 	struct i915_dpt *dpt = i915_vm_to_dpt(vm);
 	gen8_pte_t __iomem *base = dpt->iomem;
 
 	gen8_set_pte(base + offset / I915_GTT_PAGE_SIZE,
-		     vm->pte_encode(addr, level, flags));
+		     vm->pte_encode(addr, pat_index, flags));
 }
 
 static void dpt_insert_entries(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 			       struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-			       enum i915_cache_level level,
+			       unsigned int pat_index,
 			       u32 flags)
 {
 	struct i915_dpt *dpt = i915_vm_to_dpt(vm);
 	gen8_pte_t __iomem *base = dpt->iomem;
-	const gen8_pte_t pte_encode = vm->pte_encode(0, level, flags);
+	const gen8_pte_t pte_encode = vm->pte_encode(0, pat_index, flags);
 	struct sgt_iter sgt_iter;
 	dma_addr_t addr;
 	int i;
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ static void dpt_clear_range(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 static void dpt_bind_vma(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 			 struct i915_vm_pt_stash *stash,
 			 struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-			 enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+			 unsigned int pat_index,
 			 u32 flags)
 {
 	u32 pte_flags;
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ static void dpt_bind_vma(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 	if (vma_res->bi.lmem)
 		pte_flags |= PTE_LM;
 
-	vm->insert_entries(vm, vma_res, cache_level, pte_flags);
+	vm->insert_entries(vm, vma_res, pat_index, pte_flags);
 
 	vma_res->page_sizes_gtt = I915_GTT_PAGE_SIZE;
 
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_domain.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_domain.c
index d2d5a24301b2..05107a6efe45 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_domain.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_domain.c
@@ -27,8 +27,15 @@ static bool gpu_write_needs_clflush(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj)
 	if (IS_DGFX(i915))
 		return false;
 
-	return !(obj->cache_level == I915_CACHE_NONE ||
-		 obj->cache_level == I915_CACHE_WT);
+	/*
+	 * For objects created by userspace through GEM_CREATE with pat_index
+	 * set by set_pat extension, i915_gem_object_has_cache_level() will
+	 * always return true, because the coherency of such object is managed
+	 * by userspace. Othereise the call here would fall back to checking
+	 * whether the object is un-cached or write-through.
+	 */
+	return !(i915_gem_object_has_cache_level(obj, I915_CACHE_NONE) ||
+		 i915_gem_object_has_cache_level(obj, I915_CACHE_WT));
 }
 
 bool i915_gem_cpu_write_needs_clflush(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj)
@@ -267,7 +274,13 @@ int i915_gem_object_set_cache_level(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
 {
 	int ret;
 
-	if (obj->cache_level == cache_level)
+	/*
+	 * For objects created by userspace through GEM_CREATE with pat_index
+	 * set by set_pat extension, simply return 0 here without touching
+	 * the cache setting, because such objects should have an immutable
+	 * cache setting by desgin and always managed by userspace.
+	 */
+	if (i915_gem_object_has_cache_level(obj, cache_level))
 		return 0;
 
 	ret = i915_gem_object_wait(obj,
@@ -278,10 +291,8 @@ int i915_gem_object_set_cache_level(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
 		return ret;
 
 	/* Always invalidate stale cachelines */
-	if (obj->cache_level != cache_level) {
-		i915_gem_object_set_cache_coherency(obj, cache_level);
-		obj->cache_dirty = true;
-	}
+	i915_gem_object_set_cache_coherency(obj, cache_level);
+	obj->cache_dirty = true;
 
 	/* The cache-level will be applied when each vma is rebound. */
 	return i915_gem_object_unbind(obj,
@@ -306,20 +317,22 @@ int i915_gem_get_caching_ioctl(struct drm_device *dev, void *data,
 		goto out;
 	}
 
-	switch (obj->cache_level) {
-	case I915_CACHE_LLC:
-	case I915_CACHE_L3_LLC:
-		args->caching = I915_CACHING_CACHED;
-		break;
+	/*
+	 * This ioctl should be disabled for the objects with pat_index
+	 * set by user space.
+	 */
+	if (obj->pat_set_by_user) {
+		err = -EOPNOTSUPP;
+		goto out;
+	}
 
-	case I915_CACHE_WT:
+	if (i915_gem_object_has_cache_level(obj, I915_CACHE_LLC) ||
+	    i915_gem_object_has_cache_level(obj, I915_CACHE_L3_LLC))
+		args->caching = I915_CACHING_CACHED;
+	else if (i915_gem_object_has_cache_level(obj, I915_CACHE_WT))
 		args->caching = I915_CACHING_DISPLAY;
-		break;
-
-	default:
+	else
 		args->caching = I915_CACHING_NONE;
-		break;
-	}
 out:
 	rcu_read_unlock();
 	return err;
@@ -365,6 +378,15 @@ int i915_gem_set_caching_ioctl(struct drm_device *dev, void *data,
 		return -ENOENT;
 
 	/*
+	 * This ioctl should be disabled for the objects with pat_index
+	 * set by user space.
+	 */
+	if (obj->pat_set_by_user) {
+		ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/*
 	 * The caching mode of proxy object is handled by its generator, and
 	 * not allowed to be changed by userspace.
 	 */
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_execbuffer.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_execbuffer.c
index 3aeede6aee4d..5fb459ea4294 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_execbuffer.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_execbuffer.c
@@ -640,9 +640,15 @@ static inline int use_cpu_reloc(const struct reloc_cache *cache,
 	if (DBG_FORCE_RELOC == FORCE_GTT_RELOC)
 		return false;
 
+	/*
+	 * For objects created by userspace through GEM_CREATE with pat_index
+	 * set by set_pat extension, i915_gem_object_has_cache_level() always
+	 * return true, otherwise the call would fall back to checking whether
+	 * the object is un-cached.
+	 */
 	return (cache->has_llc ||
 		obj->cache_dirty ||
-		obj->cache_level != I915_CACHE_NONE);
+		!i915_gem_object_has_cache_level(obj, I915_CACHE_NONE));
 }
 
 static int eb_reserve_vma(struct i915_execbuffer *eb,
@@ -1324,7 +1330,10 @@ static void *reloc_iomap(struct i915_vma *batch,
 	if (drm_mm_node_allocated(&cache->node)) {
 		ggtt->vm.insert_page(&ggtt->vm,
 				     i915_gem_object_get_dma_address(obj, page),
-				     offset, I915_CACHE_NONE, 0);
+				     offset,
+				     i915_gem_get_pat_index(ggtt->vm.i915,
+							    I915_CACHE_NONE),
+				     0);
 	} else {
 		offset += page << PAGE_SHIFT;
 	}
@@ -1464,7 +1473,7 @@ eb_relocate_entry(struct i915_execbuffer *eb,
 			reloc_cache_unmap(&eb->reloc_cache);
 			mutex_lock(&vma->vm->mutex);
 			err = i915_vma_bind(target->vma,
-					    target->vma->obj->cache_level,
+					    target->vma->obj->pat_index,
 					    PIN_GLOBAL, NULL, NULL);
 			mutex_unlock(&vma->vm->mutex);
 			reloc_cache_remap(&eb->reloc_cache, ev->vma->obj);
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_mman.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_mman.c
index 3dbacdf0911a..4e7a838ab7bd 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_mman.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_mman.c
@@ -383,7 +383,16 @@ retry:
 	}
 
 	/* Access to snoopable pages through the GTT is incoherent. */
-	if (obj->cache_level != I915_CACHE_NONE && !HAS_LLC(i915)) {
+	/*
+	 * For objects created by userspace through GEM_CREATE with pat_index
+	 * set by set_pat extension, coherency is managed by userspace, make
+	 * sure we don't fail handling the vm fault by calling
+	 * i915_gem_object_has_cache_level() which always return true for such
+	 * objects. Otherwise this helper function would fall back to checking
+	 * whether the object is un-cached.
+	 */
+	if (!(i915_gem_object_has_cache_level(obj, I915_CACHE_NONE) ||
+	      HAS_LLC(i915))) {
 		ret = -EFAULT;
 		goto err_unpin;
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_object.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_object.c
index 8c70a0ec7d2f..46a19b099ec8 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_object.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_object.c
@@ -54,6 +54,24 @@ unsigned int i915_gem_get_pat_index(struct drm_i915_private *i915,
 	return INTEL_INFO(i915)->cachelevel_to_pat[level];
 }
 
+bool i915_gem_object_has_cache_level(const struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
+				     enum i915_cache_level lvl)
+{
+	/*
+	 * In case the pat_index is set by user space, this kernel mode
+	 * driver should leave the coherency to be managed by user space,
+	 * simply return true here.
+	 */
+	if (obj->pat_set_by_user)
+		return true;
+
+	/*
+	 * Otherwise the pat_index should have been converted from cache_level
+	 * so that the following comparison is valid.
+	 */
+	return obj->pat_index == i915_gem_get_pat_index(obj_to_i915(obj), lvl);
+}
+
 struct drm_i915_gem_object *i915_gem_object_alloc(void)
 {
 	struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj;
@@ -133,7 +151,7 @@ void i915_gem_object_set_cache_coherency(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
 {
 	struct drm_i915_private *i915 = to_i915(obj->base.dev);
 
-	obj->cache_level = cache_level;
+	obj->pat_index = i915_gem_get_pat_index(i915, cache_level);
 
 	if (cache_level != I915_CACHE_NONE)
 		obj->cache_coherent = (I915_BO_CACHE_COHERENT_FOR_READ |
@@ -148,6 +166,37 @@ void i915_gem_object_set_cache_coherency(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
 		!IS_DGFX(i915);
 }
 
+/**
+ * i915_gem_object_set_pat_index - set PAT index to be used in PTE encode
+ * @obj: #drm_i915_gem_object
+ * @pat_index: PAT index
+ *
+ * This is a clone of i915_gem_object_set_cache_coherency taking pat index
+ * instead of cache_level as its second argument.
+ */
+void i915_gem_object_set_pat_index(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
+				   unsigned int pat_index)
+{
+	struct drm_i915_private *i915 = to_i915(obj->base.dev);
+
+	if (obj->pat_index == pat_index)
+		return;
+
+	obj->pat_index = pat_index;
+
+	if (pat_index != i915_gem_get_pat_index(i915, I915_CACHE_NONE))
+		obj->cache_coherent = (I915_BO_CACHE_COHERENT_FOR_READ |
+				       I915_BO_CACHE_COHERENT_FOR_WRITE);
+	else if (HAS_LLC(i915))
+		obj->cache_coherent = I915_BO_CACHE_COHERENT_FOR_READ;
+	else
+		obj->cache_coherent = 0;
+
+	obj->cache_dirty =
+		!(obj->cache_coherent & I915_BO_CACHE_COHERENT_FOR_WRITE) &&
+		!IS_DGFX(i915);
+}
+
 bool i915_gem_object_can_bypass_llc(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj)
 {
 	struct drm_i915_private *i915 = to_i915(obj->base.dev);
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_object.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_object.h
index 284e1aa396cd..884a17275b3a 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_object.h
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_object.h
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ static inline bool i915_gem_object_size_2big(u64 size)
 
 unsigned int i915_gem_get_pat_index(struct drm_i915_private *i915,
 				    enum i915_cache_level level);
+bool i915_gem_object_has_cache_level(const struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
+				     enum i915_cache_level lvl);
 void i915_gem_init__objects(struct drm_i915_private *i915);
 
 void i915_objects_module_exit(void);
@@ -764,6 +766,8 @@ bool i915_gem_object_has_unknown_state(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj);
 
 void i915_gem_object_set_cache_coherency(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
 					 unsigned int cache_level);
+void i915_gem_object_set_pat_index(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
+				   unsigned int pat_index);
 bool i915_gem_object_can_bypass_llc(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj);
 void i915_gem_object_flush_if_display(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj);
 void i915_gem_object_flush_if_display_locked(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj);
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_object_types.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_object_types.h
index bf0bd8e11355..e72c57716bee 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_object_types.h
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_object_types.h
@@ -364,15 +364,43 @@ struct drm_i915_gem_object {
 #define I915_BO_FLAG_STRUCT_PAGE BIT(0) /* Object backed by struct pages */
 #define I915_BO_FLAG_IOMEM       BIT(1) /* Object backed by IO memory */
 	/**
-	 * @cache_level: The desired GTT caching level.
+	 * @pat_index: The desired PAT index.
+	 *
+	 * See hardware specification for valid PAT indices for each platform.
+	 * This field replaces the @cache_level that contains a value of enum
+	 * i915_cache_level since PAT indices are being used by both userspace
+	 * and kernel mode driver for caching policy control after GEN12.
+	 * In the meantime platform specific tables are created to translate
+	 * i915_cache_level into pat index, for more details check the macros
+	 * defined i915/i915_pci.c, e.g. PVC_CACHELEVEL.
+	 * For backward compatibility, this field contains values exactly match
+	 * the entries of enum i915_cache_level for pre-GEN12 platforms (See
+	 * LEGACY_CACHELEVEL), so that the PTE encode functions for these
+	 * legacy platforms can stay the same.
+	 */
+	unsigned int pat_index:6;
+	/**
+	 * @pat_set_by_user: Indicate whether pat_index is set by user space
 	 *
-	 * See enum i915_cache_level for possible values, along with what
-	 * each does.
+	 * This field is set to false by default, only set to true if the
+	 * pat_index is set by user space. By design, user space is capable of
+	 * managing caching behavior by setting pat_index, in which case this
+	 * kernel mode driver should never touch the pat_index.
 	 */
-	unsigned int cache_level:3;
+	unsigned int pat_set_by_user:1;
 	/**
 	 * @cache_coherent:
 	 *
+	 * Note: with the change above which replaced @cache_level with pat_index,
+	 * the use of @cache_coherent is limited to the objects created by kernel
+	 * or by userspace without pat index specified.
+	 * Check for @pat_set_by_user to find out if an object has pat index set
+	 * by userspace. The ioctl's to change cache settings have also been
+	 * disabled for the objects with pat index set by userspace. Please don't
+	 * assume @cache_coherent having the flags set as describe here. A helper
+	 * function i915_gem_object_has_cache_level() provides one way to bypass
+	 * the use of this field.
+	 *
 	 * Track whether the pages are coherent with the GPU if reading or
 	 * writing through the CPU caches. The largely depends on the
 	 * @cache_level setting.
@@ -446,6 +474,16 @@ struct drm_i915_gem_object {
 	/**
 	 * @cache_dirty:
 	 *
+	 * Note: with the change above which replaced cache_level with pat_index,
+	 * the use of @cache_dirty is limited to the objects created by kernel
+	 * or by userspace without pat index specified.
+	 * Check for @pat_set_by_user to find out if an object has pat index set
+	 * by userspace. The ioctl's to change cache settings have also been
+	 * disabled for the objects with pat_index set by userspace. Please don't
+	 * assume @cache_dirty is set as describe here. Also see helper function
+	 * i915_gem_object_has_cache_level() for possible ways to bypass the use
+	 * of this field.
+	 *
 	 * Track if we are we dirty with writes through the CPU cache for this
 	 * object. As a result reading directly from main memory might yield
 	 * stale data.
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_stolen.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_stolen.c
index ee492d823f1b..3b094d36a0b0 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_stolen.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_stolen.c
@@ -565,7 +565,9 @@ static void dbg_poison(struct i915_ggtt *ggtt,
 
 		ggtt->vm.insert_page(&ggtt->vm, addr,
 				     ggtt->error_capture.start,
-				     I915_CACHE_NONE, 0);
+				     i915_gem_get_pat_index(ggtt->vm.i915,
+							    I915_CACHE_NONE),
+				     0);
 		mb();
 
 		s = io_mapping_map_wc(&ggtt->iomap,
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_ttm_move.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_ttm_move.c
index 69eb20ed4d47..7078af2f8f79 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_ttm_move.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_ttm_move.c
@@ -214,7 +214,8 @@ static struct dma_fence *i915_ttm_accel_move(struct ttm_buffer_object *bo,
 
 		intel_engine_pm_get(to_gt(i915)->migrate.context->engine);
 		ret = intel_context_migrate_clear(to_gt(i915)->migrate.context, deps,
-						  dst_st->sgl, dst_level,
+						  dst_st->sgl,
+						  i915_gem_get_pat_index(i915, dst_level),
 						  i915_ttm_gtt_binds_lmem(dst_mem),
 						  0, &rq);
 	} else {
@@ -228,9 +229,10 @@ static struct dma_fence *i915_ttm_accel_move(struct ttm_buffer_object *bo,
 		intel_engine_pm_get(to_gt(i915)->migrate.context->engine);
 		ret = intel_context_migrate_copy(to_gt(i915)->migrate.context,
 						 deps, src_rsgt->table.sgl,
-						 src_level,
+						 i915_gem_get_pat_index(i915, src_level),
 						 i915_ttm_gtt_binds_lmem(bo->resource),
-						 dst_st->sgl, dst_level,
+						 dst_st->sgl,
+						 i915_gem_get_pat_index(i915, dst_level),
 						 i915_ttm_gtt_binds_lmem(dst_mem),
 						 &rq);
 
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/selftests/huge_pages.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/selftests/huge_pages.c
index cb5863f37f9d..763df437c20c 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/selftests/huge_pages.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/selftests/huge_pages.c
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ fake_huge_pages_object(struct drm_i915_private *i915, u64 size, bool single)
 
 	obj->write_domain = I915_GEM_DOMAIN_CPU;
 	obj->read_domains = I915_GEM_DOMAIN_CPU;
-	obj->cache_level = I915_CACHE_NONE;
+	obj->pat_index = i915_gem_get_pat_index(i915, I915_CACHE_NONE);
 
 	return obj;
 }
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/selftests/i915_gem_migrate.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/selftests/i915_gem_migrate.c
index fe6c37fd7859..a93a90b15907 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/selftests/i915_gem_migrate.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/selftests/i915_gem_migrate.c
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ static int __igt_lmem_pages_migrate(struct intel_gt *gt,
 			continue;
 
 		err = intel_migrate_clear(&gt->migrate, &ww, deps,
-					  obj->mm.pages->sgl, obj->cache_level,
+					  obj->mm.pages->sgl, obj->pat_index,
 					  i915_gem_object_is_lmem(obj),
 					  0xdeadbeaf, &rq);
 		if (rq) {
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/selftests/i915_gem_mman.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/selftests/i915_gem_mman.c
index 56279908ed30..a93d8f9f8bc1 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/selftests/i915_gem_mman.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/selftests/i915_gem_mman.c
@@ -1222,7 +1222,7 @@ static int __igt_mmap_migrate(struct intel_memory_region **placements,
 	}
 
 	err = intel_context_migrate_clear(to_gt(i915)->migrate.context, NULL,
-					  obj->mm.pages->sgl, obj->cache_level,
+					  obj->mm.pages->sgl, obj->pat_index,
 					  i915_gem_object_is_lmem(obj),
 					  expand32(POISON_INUSE), &rq);
 	i915_gem_object_unpin_pages(obj);
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/gen6_ppgtt.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/gen6_ppgtt.c
index 5aaacc53fa4c..c2bdc133c89a 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/gen6_ppgtt.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/gen6_ppgtt.c
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ static void gen6_ppgtt_clear_range(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 
 static void gen6_ppgtt_insert_entries(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 				      struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-				      enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+				      unsigned int pat_index,
 				      u32 flags)
 {
 	struct i915_ppgtt *ppgtt = i915_vm_to_ppgtt(vm);
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ static void gen6_ppgtt_insert_entries(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 	unsigned int first_entry = vma_res->start / I915_GTT_PAGE_SIZE;
 	unsigned int act_pt = first_entry / GEN6_PTES;
 	unsigned int act_pte = first_entry % GEN6_PTES;
-	const u32 pte_encode = vm->pte_encode(0, cache_level, flags);
+	const u32 pte_encode = vm->pte_encode(0, pat_index, flags);
 	struct sgt_dma iter = sgt_dma(vma_res);
 	gen6_pte_t *vaddr;
 
@@ -227,7 +227,9 @@ static int gen6_ppgtt_init_scratch(struct gen6_ppgtt *ppgtt)
 
 	vm->scratch[0]->encode =
 		vm->pte_encode(px_dma(vm->scratch[0]),
-			       I915_CACHE_NONE, PTE_READ_ONLY);
+			       i915_gem_get_pat_index(vm->i915,
+						      I915_CACHE_NONE),
+			       PTE_READ_ONLY);
 
 	vm->scratch[1] = vm->alloc_pt_dma(vm, I915_GTT_PAGE_SIZE_4K);
 	if (IS_ERR(vm->scratch[1])) {
@@ -278,7 +280,7 @@ static void gen6_ppgtt_cleanup(struct i915_address_space *vm)
 static void pd_vma_bind(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 			struct i915_vm_pt_stash *stash,
 			struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-			enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+			unsigned int pat_index,
 			u32 unused)
 {
 	struct i915_ggtt *ggtt = i915_vm_to_ggtt(vm);
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/gen8_ppgtt.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/gen8_ppgtt.c
index bb6998d67133..f948d33e5ec5 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/gen8_ppgtt.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/gen8_ppgtt.c
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ static u64 gen8_pde_encode(const dma_addr_t addr,
 }
 
 static u64 gen8_pte_encode(dma_addr_t addr,
-			   enum i915_cache_level level,
+			   unsigned int pat_index,
 			   u32 flags)
 {
 	gen8_pte_t pte = addr | GEN8_PAGE_PRESENT | GEN8_PAGE_RW;
@@ -40,7 +40,12 @@ static u64 gen8_pte_encode(dma_addr_t addr,
 	if (flags & PTE_LM)
 		pte |= GEN12_PPGTT_PTE_LM;
 
-	switch (level) {
+	/*
+	 * For pre-gen12 platforms pat_index is the same as enum
+	 * i915_cache_level, so the switch-case here is still valid.
+	 * See translation table defined by LEGACY_CACHELEVEL.
+	 */
+	switch (pat_index) {
 	case I915_CACHE_NONE:
 		pte |= PPAT_UNCACHED;
 		break;
@@ -55,9 +60,9 @@ static u64 gen8_pte_encode(dma_addr_t addr,
 	return pte;
 }
 
-static u64 mtl_pte_encode(dma_addr_t addr,
-			  enum i915_cache_level level,
-			  u32 flags)
+static u64 gen12_pte_encode(dma_addr_t addr,
+			    unsigned int pat_index,
+			    u32 flags)
 {
 	gen8_pte_t pte = addr | GEN8_PAGE_PRESENT | GEN8_PAGE_RW;
 
@@ -67,24 +72,17 @@ static u64 mtl_pte_encode(dma_addr_t addr,
 	if (flags & PTE_LM)
 		pte |= GEN12_PPGTT_PTE_LM;
 
-	switch (level) {
-	case I915_CACHE_NONE:
-		pte |= GEN12_PPGTT_PTE_PAT1;
-		break;
-	case I915_CACHE_LLC:
-	case I915_CACHE_L3_LLC:
-		pte |= GEN12_PPGTT_PTE_PAT0 | GEN12_PPGTT_PTE_PAT1;
-		break;
-	case I915_CACHE_WT:
+	if (pat_index & BIT(0))
 		pte |= GEN12_PPGTT_PTE_PAT0;
-		break;
-	default:
-		/* This should never happen. Added to deal with the compile
-		 * error due to the addition of I915_MAX_CACHE_LEVEL. Will
-		 * be removed by the pat_index patch.
-		 */
-		break;
-	}
+
+	if (pat_index & BIT(1))
+		pte |= GEN12_PPGTT_PTE_PAT1;
+
+	if (pat_index & BIT(2))
+		pte |= GEN12_PPGTT_PTE_PAT2;
+
+	if (pat_index & BIT(3))
+		pte |= MTL_PPGTT_PTE_PAT3;
 
 	return pte;
 }
@@ -457,11 +455,11 @@ gen8_ppgtt_insert_pte(struct i915_ppgtt *ppgtt,
 		      struct i915_page_directory *pdp,
 		      struct sgt_dma *iter,
 		      u64 idx,
-		      enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+		      unsigned int pat_index,
 		      u32 flags)
 {
 	struct i915_page_directory *pd;
-	const gen8_pte_t pte_encode = ppgtt->vm.pte_encode(0, cache_level, flags);
+	const gen8_pte_t pte_encode = ppgtt->vm.pte_encode(0, pat_index, flags);
 	gen8_pte_t *vaddr;
 
 	pd = i915_pd_entry(pdp, gen8_pd_index(idx, 2));
@@ -504,10 +502,10 @@ static void
 xehpsdv_ppgtt_insert_huge(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 			  struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
 			  struct sgt_dma *iter,
-			  enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+			  unsigned int pat_index,
 			  u32 flags)
 {
-	const gen8_pte_t pte_encode = vm->pte_encode(0, cache_level, flags);
+	const gen8_pte_t pte_encode = vm->pte_encode(0, pat_index, flags);
 	unsigned int rem = sg_dma_len(iter->sg);
 	u64 start = vma_res->start;
 	u64 end = start + vma_res->vma_size;
@@ -612,10 +610,10 @@ xehpsdv_ppgtt_insert_huge(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 static void gen8_ppgtt_insert_huge(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 				   struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
 				   struct sgt_dma *iter,
-				   enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+				   unsigned int pat_index,
 				   u32 flags)
 {
-	const gen8_pte_t pte_encode = vm->pte_encode(0, cache_level, flags);
+	const gen8_pte_t pte_encode = vm->pte_encode(0, pat_index, flags);
 	unsigned int rem = sg_dma_len(iter->sg);
 	u64 start = vma_res->start;
 
@@ -735,7 +733,7 @@ static void gen8_ppgtt_insert_huge(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 
 static void gen8_ppgtt_insert(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 			      struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-			      enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+			      unsigned int pat_index,
 			      u32 flags)
 {
 	struct i915_ppgtt * const ppgtt = i915_vm_to_ppgtt(vm);
@@ -743,9 +741,9 @@ static void gen8_ppgtt_insert(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 
 	if (vma_res->bi.page_sizes.sg > I915_GTT_PAGE_SIZE) {
 		if (GRAPHICS_VER_FULL(vm->i915) >= IP_VER(12, 50))
-			xehpsdv_ppgtt_insert_huge(vm, vma_res, &iter, cache_level, flags);
+			xehpsdv_ppgtt_insert_huge(vm, vma_res, &iter, pat_index, flags);
 		else
-			gen8_ppgtt_insert_huge(vm, vma_res, &iter, cache_level, flags);
+			gen8_ppgtt_insert_huge(vm, vma_res, &iter, pat_index, flags);
 	} else  {
 		u64 idx = vma_res->start >> GEN8_PTE_SHIFT;
 
@@ -754,7 +752,7 @@ static void gen8_ppgtt_insert(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 				gen8_pdp_for_page_index(vm, idx);
 
 			idx = gen8_ppgtt_insert_pte(ppgtt, pdp, &iter, idx,
-						    cache_level, flags);
+						    pat_index, flags);
 		} while (idx);
 
 		vma_res->page_sizes_gtt = I915_GTT_PAGE_SIZE;
@@ -764,7 +762,7 @@ static void gen8_ppgtt_insert(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 static void gen8_ppgtt_insert_entry(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 				    dma_addr_t addr,
 				    u64 offset,
-				    enum i915_cache_level level,
+				    unsigned int pat_index,
 				    u32 flags)
 {
 	u64 idx = offset >> GEN8_PTE_SHIFT;
@@ -778,14 +776,14 @@ static void gen8_ppgtt_insert_entry(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 	GEM_BUG_ON(pt->is_compact);
 
 	vaddr = px_vaddr(pt);
-	vaddr[gen8_pd_index(idx, 0)] = vm->pte_encode(addr, level, flags);
+	vaddr[gen8_pd_index(idx, 0)] = vm->pte_encode(addr, pat_index, flags);
 	drm_clflush_virt_range(&vaddr[gen8_pd_index(idx, 0)], sizeof(*vaddr));
 }
 
 static void __xehpsdv_ppgtt_insert_entry_lm(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 					    dma_addr_t addr,
 					    u64 offset,
-					    enum i915_cache_level level,
+					    unsigned int pat_index,
 					    u32 flags)
 {
 	u64 idx = offset >> GEN8_PTE_SHIFT;
@@ -808,20 +806,20 @@ static void __xehpsdv_ppgtt_insert_entry_lm(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 	}
 
 	vaddr = px_vaddr(pt);
-	vaddr[gen8_pd_index(idx, 0) / 16] = vm->pte_encode(addr, level, flags);
+	vaddr[gen8_pd_index(idx, 0) / 16] = vm->pte_encode(addr, pat_index, flags);
 }
 
 static void xehpsdv_ppgtt_insert_entry(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 				       dma_addr_t addr,
 				       u64 offset,
-				       enum i915_cache_level level,
+				       unsigned int pat_index,
 				       u32 flags)
 {
 	if (flags & PTE_LM)
 		return __xehpsdv_ppgtt_insert_entry_lm(vm, addr, offset,
-						       level, flags);
+						       pat_index, flags);
 
-	return gen8_ppgtt_insert_entry(vm, addr, offset, level, flags);
+	return gen8_ppgtt_insert_entry(vm, addr, offset, pat_index, flags);
 }
 
 static int gen8_init_scratch(struct i915_address_space *vm)
@@ -856,7 +854,9 @@ static int gen8_init_scratch(struct i915_address_space *vm)
 
 	vm->scratch[0]->encode =
 		vm->pte_encode(px_dma(vm->scratch[0]),
-			       I915_CACHE_NONE, pte_flags);
+			       i915_gem_get_pat_index(vm->i915,
+						      I915_CACHE_NONE),
+			       pte_flags);
 
 	for (i = 1; i <= vm->top; i++) {
 		struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj;
@@ -998,8 +998,8 @@ struct i915_ppgtt *gen8_ppgtt_create(struct intel_gt *gt,
 	 */
 	ppgtt->vm.alloc_scratch_dma = alloc_pt_dma;
 
-	if (GRAPHICS_VER_FULL(gt->i915) >= IP_VER(12, 70))
-		ppgtt->vm.pte_encode = mtl_pte_encode;
+	if (GRAPHICS_VER(gt->i915) >= 12)
+		ppgtt->vm.pte_encode = gen12_pte_encode;
 	else
 		ppgtt->vm.pte_encode = gen8_pte_encode;
 
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/gen8_ppgtt.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/gen8_ppgtt.h
index f541d19264b4..19c635441642 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/gen8_ppgtt.h
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/gen8_ppgtt.h
@@ -10,13 +10,12 @@
 
 struct i915_address_space;
 struct intel_gt;
-enum i915_cache_level;
 
 struct i915_ppgtt *gen8_ppgtt_create(struct intel_gt *gt,
 				     unsigned long lmem_pt_obj_flags);
 
 u64 gen8_ggtt_pte_encode(dma_addr_t addr,
-			 enum i915_cache_level level,
+			 unsigned int pat_index,
 			 u32 flags);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_ggtt.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_ggtt.c
index c8390d03fce2..2a7942fac798 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_ggtt.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_ggtt.c
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ static void guc_ggtt_invalidate(struct i915_ggtt *ggtt)
 }
 
 static u64 mtl_ggtt_pte_encode(dma_addr_t addr,
-			       enum i915_cache_level level,
+			       unsigned int pat_index,
 			       u32 flags)
 {
 	gen8_pte_t pte = addr | GEN8_PAGE_PRESENT;
@@ -231,30 +231,17 @@ static u64 mtl_ggtt_pte_encode(dma_addr_t addr,
 	if (flags & PTE_LM)
 		pte |= GEN12_GGTT_PTE_LM;
 
-	switch (level) {
-	case I915_CACHE_NONE:
-		pte |= MTL_GGTT_PTE_PAT1;
-		break;
-	case I915_CACHE_LLC:
-	case I915_CACHE_L3_LLC:
-		pte |= MTL_GGTT_PTE_PAT0 | MTL_GGTT_PTE_PAT1;
-		break;
-	case I915_CACHE_WT:
+	if (pat_index & BIT(0))
 		pte |= MTL_GGTT_PTE_PAT0;
-		break;
-	default:
-		/* This should never happen. Added to deal with the compile
-		 * error due to the addition of I915_MAX_CACHE_LEVEL. Will
-		 * be removed by the pat_index patch.
-		 */
-		break;
-	}
+
+	if (pat_index & BIT(1))
+		pte |= MTL_GGTT_PTE_PAT1;
 
 	return pte;
 }
 
 u64 gen8_ggtt_pte_encode(dma_addr_t addr,
-			 enum i915_cache_level level,
+			 unsigned int pat_index,
 			 u32 flags)
 {
 	gen8_pte_t pte = addr | GEN8_PAGE_PRESENT;
@@ -273,25 +260,25 @@ static void gen8_set_pte(void __iomem *addr, gen8_pte_t pte)
 static void gen8_ggtt_insert_page(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 				  dma_addr_t addr,
 				  u64 offset,
-				  enum i915_cache_level level,
+				  unsigned int pat_index,
 				  u32 flags)
 {
 	struct i915_ggtt *ggtt = i915_vm_to_ggtt(vm);
 	gen8_pte_t __iomem *pte =
 		(gen8_pte_t __iomem *)ggtt->gsm + offset / I915_GTT_PAGE_SIZE;
 
-	gen8_set_pte(pte, ggtt->vm.pte_encode(addr, level, flags));
+	gen8_set_pte(pte, ggtt->vm.pte_encode(addr, pat_index, flags));
 
 	ggtt->invalidate(ggtt);
 }
 
 static void gen8_ggtt_insert_entries(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 				     struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-				     enum i915_cache_level level,
+				     unsigned int pat_index,
 				     u32 flags)
 {
 	struct i915_ggtt *ggtt = i915_vm_to_ggtt(vm);
-	const gen8_pte_t pte_encode = ggtt->vm.pte_encode(0, level, flags);
+	const gen8_pte_t pte_encode = ggtt->vm.pte_encode(0, pat_index, flags);
 	gen8_pte_t __iomem *gte;
 	gen8_pte_t __iomem *end;
 	struct sgt_iter iter;
@@ -348,14 +335,14 @@ static void gen8_ggtt_clear_range(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 static void gen6_ggtt_insert_page(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 				  dma_addr_t addr,
 				  u64 offset,
-				  enum i915_cache_level level,
+				  unsigned int pat_index,
 				  u32 flags)
 {
 	struct i915_ggtt *ggtt = i915_vm_to_ggtt(vm);
 	gen6_pte_t __iomem *pte =
 		(gen6_pte_t __iomem *)ggtt->gsm + offset / I915_GTT_PAGE_SIZE;
 
-	iowrite32(vm->pte_encode(addr, level, flags), pte);
+	iowrite32(vm->pte_encode(addr, pat_index, flags), pte);
 
 	ggtt->invalidate(ggtt);
 }
@@ -368,7 +355,7 @@ static void gen6_ggtt_insert_page(struct i915_address_space *vm,
  */
 static void gen6_ggtt_insert_entries(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 				     struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-				     enum i915_cache_level level,
+				     unsigned int pat_index,
 				     u32 flags)
 {
 	struct i915_ggtt *ggtt = i915_vm_to_ggtt(vm);
@@ -385,7 +372,7 @@ static void gen6_ggtt_insert_entries(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 		iowrite32(vm->scratch[0]->encode, gte++);
 	end += (vma_res->node_size + vma_res->guard) / I915_GTT_PAGE_SIZE;
 	for_each_sgt_daddr(addr, iter, vma_res->bi.pages)
-		iowrite32(vm->pte_encode(addr, level, flags), gte++);
+		iowrite32(vm->pte_encode(addr, pat_index, flags), gte++);
 	GEM_BUG_ON(gte > end);
 
 	/* Fill the allocated but "unused" space beyond the end of the buffer */
@@ -420,14 +407,15 @@ struct insert_page {
 	struct i915_address_space *vm;
 	dma_addr_t addr;
 	u64 offset;
-	enum i915_cache_level level;
+	unsigned int pat_index;
 };
 
 static int bxt_vtd_ggtt_insert_page__cb(void *_arg)
 {
 	struct insert_page *arg = _arg;
 
-	gen8_ggtt_insert_page(arg->vm, arg->addr, arg->offset, arg->level, 0);
+	gen8_ggtt_insert_page(arg->vm, arg->addr, arg->offset,
+			      arg->pat_index, 0);
 	bxt_vtd_ggtt_wa(arg->vm);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -436,10 +424,10 @@ static int bxt_vtd_ggtt_insert_page__cb(void *_arg)
 static void bxt_vtd_ggtt_insert_page__BKL(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 					  dma_addr_t addr,
 					  u64 offset,
-					  enum i915_cache_level level,
+					  unsigned int pat_index,
 					  u32 unused)
 {
-	struct insert_page arg = { vm, addr, offset, level };
+	struct insert_page arg = { vm, addr, offset, pat_index };
 
 	stop_machine(bxt_vtd_ggtt_insert_page__cb, &arg, NULL);
 }
@@ -447,7 +435,7 @@ static void bxt_vtd_ggtt_insert_page__BKL(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 struct insert_entries {
 	struct i915_address_space *vm;
 	struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res;
-	enum i915_cache_level level;
+	unsigned int pat_index;
 	u32 flags;
 };
 
@@ -455,7 +443,8 @@ static int bxt_vtd_ggtt_insert_entries__cb(void *_arg)
 {
 	struct insert_entries *arg = _arg;
 
-	gen8_ggtt_insert_entries(arg->vm, arg->vma_res, arg->level, arg->flags);
+	gen8_ggtt_insert_entries(arg->vm, arg->vma_res,
+				 arg->pat_index, arg->flags);
 	bxt_vtd_ggtt_wa(arg->vm);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -463,10 +452,10 @@ static int bxt_vtd_ggtt_insert_entries__cb(void *_arg)
 
 static void bxt_vtd_ggtt_insert_entries__BKL(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 					     struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-					     enum i915_cache_level level,
+					     unsigned int pat_index,
 					     u32 flags)
 {
-	struct insert_entries arg = { vm, vma_res, level, flags };
+	struct insert_entries arg = { vm, vma_res, pat_index, flags };
 
 	stop_machine(bxt_vtd_ggtt_insert_entries__cb, &arg, NULL);
 }
@@ -495,7 +484,7 @@ static void gen6_ggtt_clear_range(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 void intel_ggtt_bind_vma(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 			 struct i915_vm_pt_stash *stash,
 			 struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-			 enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+			 unsigned int pat_index,
 			 u32 flags)
 {
 	u32 pte_flags;
@@ -512,7 +501,7 @@ void intel_ggtt_bind_vma(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 	if (vma_res->bi.lmem)
 		pte_flags |= PTE_LM;
 
-	vm->insert_entries(vm, vma_res, cache_level, pte_flags);
+	vm->insert_entries(vm, vma_res, pat_index, pte_flags);
 	vma_res->page_sizes_gtt = I915_GTT_PAGE_SIZE;
 }
 
@@ -661,7 +650,7 @@ err:
 static void aliasing_gtt_bind_vma(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 				  struct i915_vm_pt_stash *stash,
 				  struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-				  enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+				  unsigned int pat_index,
 				  u32 flags)
 {
 	u32 pte_flags;
@@ -673,10 +662,10 @@ static void aliasing_gtt_bind_vma(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 
 	if (flags & I915_VMA_LOCAL_BIND)
 		ppgtt_bind_vma(&i915_vm_to_ggtt(vm)->alias->vm,
-			       stash, vma_res, cache_level, flags);
+			       stash, vma_res, pat_index, flags);
 
 	if (flags & I915_VMA_GLOBAL_BIND)
-		vm->insert_entries(vm, vma_res, cache_level, pte_flags);
+		vm->insert_entries(vm, vma_res, pat_index, pte_flags);
 
 	vma_res->bound_flags |= flags;
 }
@@ -933,7 +922,9 @@ static int ggtt_probe_common(struct i915_ggtt *ggtt, u64 size)
 
 	ggtt->vm.scratch[0]->encode =
 		ggtt->vm.pte_encode(px_dma(ggtt->vm.scratch[0]),
-				    I915_CACHE_NONE, pte_flags);
+				    i915_gem_get_pat_index(i915,
+							   I915_CACHE_NONE),
+				    pte_flags);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1022,6 +1013,11 @@ static int gen8_gmch_probe(struct i915_ggtt *ggtt)
 	return ggtt_probe_common(ggtt, size);
 }
 
+/*
+ * For pre-gen8 platforms pat_index is the same as enum i915_cache_level,
+ * so these PTE encode functions are left with using cache_level.
+ * See translation table LEGACY_CACHELEVEL.
+ */
 static u64 snb_pte_encode(dma_addr_t addr,
 			  enum i915_cache_level level,
 			  u32 flags)
@@ -1302,7 +1298,9 @@ bool i915_ggtt_resume_vm(struct i915_address_space *vm)
 		 */
 		vma->resource->bound_flags = 0;
 		vma->ops->bind_vma(vm, NULL, vma->resource,
-				   obj ? obj->cache_level : 0,
+				   obj ? obj->pat_index :
+					 i915_gem_get_pat_index(vm->i915,
+								I915_CACHE_NONE),
 				   was_bound);
 
 		if (obj) { /* only used during resume => exclusive access */
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_gtt.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_gtt.h
index 9aff343beaa8..4d6296cdbcfd 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_gtt.h
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_gtt.h
@@ -163,8 +163,6 @@ typedef u64 gen8_pte_t;
 #define MTL_3_COH_2W	REG_FIELD_PREP(MTL_PAT_INDEX_COH_MODE_MASK, 3)
 #define MTL_2_COH_1W	REG_FIELD_PREP(MTL_PAT_INDEX_COH_MODE_MASK, 2)
 
-enum i915_cache_level;
-
 struct drm_i915_gem_object;
 struct i915_fence_reg;
 struct i915_vma;
@@ -232,7 +230,7 @@ struct i915_vma_ops {
 	void (*bind_vma)(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 			 struct i915_vm_pt_stash *stash,
 			 struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-			 enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+			 unsigned int pat_index,
 			 u32 flags);
 	/*
 	 * Unmap an object from an address space. This usually consists of
@@ -304,7 +302,7 @@ struct i915_address_space {
 		(*alloc_scratch_dma)(struct i915_address_space *vm, int sz);
 
 	u64 (*pte_encode)(dma_addr_t addr,
-			  enum i915_cache_level level,
+			  unsigned int pat_index,
 			  u32 flags); /* Create a valid PTE */
 #define PTE_READ_ONLY	BIT(0)
 #define PTE_LM		BIT(1)
@@ -319,20 +317,20 @@ struct i915_address_space {
 	void (*insert_page)(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 			    dma_addr_t addr,
 			    u64 offset,
-			    enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+			    unsigned int pat_index,
 			    u32 flags);
 	void (*insert_entries)(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 			       struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-			       enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+			       unsigned int pat_index,
 			       u32 flags);
 	void (*raw_insert_page)(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 				dma_addr_t addr,
 				u64 offset,
-				enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+				unsigned int pat_index,
 				u32 flags);
 	void (*raw_insert_entries)(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 				   struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-				   enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+				   unsigned int pat_index,
 				   u32 flags);
 	void (*cleanup)(struct i915_address_space *vm);
 
@@ -579,7 +577,7 @@ void ppgtt_init(struct i915_ppgtt *ppgtt, struct intel_gt *gt,
 void intel_ggtt_bind_vma(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 			 struct i915_vm_pt_stash *stash,
 			 struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-			 enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+			 unsigned int pat_index,
 			 u32 flags);
 void intel_ggtt_unbind_vma(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 			   struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res);
@@ -657,7 +655,7 @@ void gen6_ggtt_invalidate(struct i915_ggtt *ggtt);
 void ppgtt_bind_vma(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 		    struct i915_vm_pt_stash *stash,
 		    struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-		    enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+		    unsigned int pat_index,
 		    u32 flags);
 void ppgtt_unbind_vma(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 		      struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res);
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_migrate.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_migrate.c
index e0998879a0e1..6023288b0e2d 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_migrate.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_migrate.c
@@ -45,7 +45,9 @@ static void xehpsdv_toggle_pdes(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 	 * Insert a dummy PTE into every PT that will map to LMEM to ensure
 	 * we have a correctly setup PDE structure for later use.
 	 */
-	vm->insert_page(vm, 0, d->offset, I915_CACHE_NONE, PTE_LM);
+	vm->insert_page(vm, 0, d->offset,
+			i915_gem_get_pat_index(vm->i915, I915_CACHE_NONE),
+			PTE_LM);
 	GEM_BUG_ON(!pt->is_compact);
 	d->offset += SZ_2M;
 }
@@ -63,7 +65,9 @@ static void xehpsdv_insert_pte(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 	 * alignment is 64K underneath for the pt, and we are careful
 	 * not to access the space in the void.
 	 */
-	vm->insert_page(vm, px_dma(pt), d->offset, I915_CACHE_NONE, PTE_LM);
+	vm->insert_page(vm, px_dma(pt), d->offset,
+			i915_gem_get_pat_index(vm->i915, I915_CACHE_NONE),
+			PTE_LM);
 	d->offset += SZ_64K;
 }
 
@@ -73,7 +77,8 @@ static void insert_pte(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 {
 	struct insert_pte_data *d = data;
 
-	vm->insert_page(vm, px_dma(pt), d->offset, I915_CACHE_NONE,
+	vm->insert_page(vm, px_dma(pt), d->offset,
+			i915_gem_get_pat_index(vm->i915, I915_CACHE_NONE),
 			i915_gem_object_is_lmem(pt->base) ? PTE_LM : 0);
 	d->offset += PAGE_SIZE;
 }
@@ -356,13 +361,13 @@ static int max_pte_pkt_size(struct i915_request *rq, int pkt)
 
 static int emit_pte(struct i915_request *rq,
 		    struct sgt_dma *it,
-		    enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+		    unsigned int pat_index,
 		    bool is_lmem,
 		    u64 offset,
 		    int length)
 {
 	bool has_64K_pages = HAS_64K_PAGES(rq->engine->i915);
-	const u64 encode = rq->context->vm->pte_encode(0, cache_level,
+	const u64 encode = rq->context->vm->pte_encode(0, pat_index,
 						       is_lmem ? PTE_LM : 0);
 	struct intel_ring *ring = rq->ring;
 	int pkt, dword_length;
@@ -673,17 +678,17 @@ int
 intel_context_migrate_copy(struct intel_context *ce,
 			   const struct i915_deps *deps,
 			   struct scatterlist *src,
-			   enum i915_cache_level src_cache_level,
+			   unsigned int src_pat_index,
 			   bool src_is_lmem,
 			   struct scatterlist *dst,
-			   enum i915_cache_level dst_cache_level,
+			   unsigned int dst_pat_index,
 			   bool dst_is_lmem,
 			   struct i915_request **out)
 {
 	struct sgt_dma it_src = sg_sgt(src), it_dst = sg_sgt(dst), it_ccs;
 	struct drm_i915_private *i915 = ce->engine->i915;
 	u64 ccs_bytes_to_cpy = 0, bytes_to_cpy;
-	enum i915_cache_level ccs_cache_level;
+	unsigned int ccs_pat_index;
 	u32 src_offset, dst_offset;
 	u8 src_access, dst_access;
 	struct i915_request *rq;
@@ -707,12 +712,12 @@ intel_context_migrate_copy(struct intel_context *ce,
 		dst_sz = scatter_list_length(dst);
 		if (src_is_lmem) {
 			it_ccs = it_dst;
-			ccs_cache_level = dst_cache_level;
+			ccs_pat_index = dst_pat_index;
 			ccs_is_src = false;
 		} else if (dst_is_lmem) {
 			bytes_to_cpy = dst_sz;
 			it_ccs = it_src;
-			ccs_cache_level = src_cache_level;
+			ccs_pat_index = src_pat_index;
 			ccs_is_src = true;
 		}
 
@@ -773,7 +778,7 @@ intel_context_migrate_copy(struct intel_context *ce,
 		src_sz = calculate_chunk_sz(i915, src_is_lmem,
 					    bytes_to_cpy, ccs_bytes_to_cpy);
 
-		len = emit_pte(rq, &it_src, src_cache_level, src_is_lmem,
+		len = emit_pte(rq, &it_src, src_pat_index, src_is_lmem,
 			       src_offset, src_sz);
 		if (!len) {
 			err = -EINVAL;
@@ -784,7 +789,7 @@ intel_context_migrate_copy(struct intel_context *ce,
 			goto out_rq;
 		}
 
-		err = emit_pte(rq, &it_dst, dst_cache_level, dst_is_lmem,
+		err = emit_pte(rq, &it_dst, dst_pat_index, dst_is_lmem,
 			       dst_offset, len);
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto out_rq;
@@ -811,7 +816,7 @@ intel_context_migrate_copy(struct intel_context *ce,
 				goto out_rq;
 
 			ccs_sz = GET_CCS_BYTES(i915, len);
-			err = emit_pte(rq, &it_ccs, ccs_cache_level, false,
+			err = emit_pte(rq, &it_ccs, ccs_pat_index, false,
 				       ccs_is_src ? src_offset : dst_offset,
 				       ccs_sz);
 			if (err < 0)
@@ -979,7 +984,7 @@ int
 intel_context_migrate_clear(struct intel_context *ce,
 			    const struct i915_deps *deps,
 			    struct scatterlist *sg,
-			    enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+			    unsigned int pat_index,
 			    bool is_lmem,
 			    u32 value,
 			    struct i915_request **out)
@@ -1027,7 +1032,7 @@ intel_context_migrate_clear(struct intel_context *ce,
 		if (err)
 			goto out_rq;
 
-		len = emit_pte(rq, &it, cache_level, is_lmem, offset, CHUNK_SZ);
+		len = emit_pte(rq, &it, pat_index, is_lmem, offset, CHUNK_SZ);
 		if (len <= 0) {
 			err = len;
 			goto out_rq;
@@ -1074,10 +1079,10 @@ int intel_migrate_copy(struct intel_migrate *m,
 		       struct i915_gem_ww_ctx *ww,
 		       const struct i915_deps *deps,
 		       struct scatterlist *src,
-		       enum i915_cache_level src_cache_level,
+		       unsigned int src_pat_index,
 		       bool src_is_lmem,
 		       struct scatterlist *dst,
-		       enum i915_cache_level dst_cache_level,
+		       unsigned int dst_pat_index,
 		       bool dst_is_lmem,
 		       struct i915_request **out)
 {
@@ -1098,8 +1103,8 @@ int intel_migrate_copy(struct intel_migrate *m,
 		goto out;
 
 	err = intel_context_migrate_copy(ce, deps,
-					 src, src_cache_level, src_is_lmem,
-					 dst, dst_cache_level, dst_is_lmem,
+					 src, src_pat_index, src_is_lmem,
+					 dst, dst_pat_index, dst_is_lmem,
 					 out);
 
 	intel_context_unpin(ce);
@@ -1113,7 +1118,7 @@ intel_migrate_clear(struct intel_migrate *m,
 		    struct i915_gem_ww_ctx *ww,
 		    const struct i915_deps *deps,
 		    struct scatterlist *sg,
-		    enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+		    unsigned int pat_index,
 		    bool is_lmem,
 		    u32 value,
 		    struct i915_request **out)
@@ -1134,7 +1139,7 @@ intel_migrate_clear(struct intel_migrate *m,
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
 
-	err = intel_context_migrate_clear(ce, deps, sg, cache_level,
+	err = intel_context_migrate_clear(ce, deps, sg, pat_index,
 					  is_lmem, value, out);
 
 	intel_context_unpin(ce);
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_migrate.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_migrate.h
index ccc677ec4aa3..11fc09a00c4b 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_migrate.h
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_migrate.h
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ struct i915_request;
 struct i915_gem_ww_ctx;
 struct intel_gt;
 struct scatterlist;
-enum i915_cache_level;
 
 int intel_migrate_init(struct intel_migrate *m, struct intel_gt *gt);
 
@@ -26,20 +25,20 @@ int intel_migrate_copy(struct intel_migrate *m,
 		       struct i915_gem_ww_ctx *ww,
 		       const struct i915_deps *deps,
 		       struct scatterlist *src,
-		       enum i915_cache_level src_cache_level,
+		       unsigned int src_pat_index,
 		       bool src_is_lmem,
 		       struct scatterlist *dst,
-		       enum i915_cache_level dst_cache_level,
+		       unsigned int dst_pat_index,
 		       bool dst_is_lmem,
 		       struct i915_request **out);
 
 int intel_context_migrate_copy(struct intel_context *ce,
 			       const struct i915_deps *deps,
 			       struct scatterlist *src,
-			       enum i915_cache_level src_cache_level,
+			       unsigned int src_pat_index,
 			       bool src_is_lmem,
 			       struct scatterlist *dst,
-			       enum i915_cache_level dst_cache_level,
+			       unsigned int dst_pat_index,
 			       bool dst_is_lmem,
 			       struct i915_request **out);
 
@@ -48,7 +47,7 @@ intel_migrate_clear(struct intel_migrate *m,
 		    struct i915_gem_ww_ctx *ww,
 		    const struct i915_deps *deps,
 		    struct scatterlist *sg,
-		    enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+		    unsigned int pat_index,
 		    bool is_lmem,
 		    u32 value,
 		    struct i915_request **out);
@@ -56,7 +55,7 @@ int
 intel_context_migrate_clear(struct intel_context *ce,
 			    const struct i915_deps *deps,
 			    struct scatterlist *sg,
-			    enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+			    unsigned int pat_index,
 			    bool is_lmem,
 			    u32 value,
 			    struct i915_request **out);
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_ppgtt.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_ppgtt.c
index 7ecfa672f738..436756bfbb1a 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_ppgtt.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/intel_ppgtt.c
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ struct i915_ppgtt *i915_ppgtt_create(struct intel_gt *gt,
 void ppgtt_bind_vma(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 		    struct i915_vm_pt_stash *stash,
 		    struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-		    enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+		    unsigned int pat_index,
 		    u32 flags)
 {
 	u32 pte_flags;
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ void ppgtt_bind_vma(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 	if (vma_res->bi.lmem)
 		pte_flags |= PTE_LM;
 
-	vm->insert_entries(vm, vma_res, cache_level, pte_flags);
+	vm->insert_entries(vm, vma_res, pat_index, pte_flags);
 	wmb();
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/selftest_migrate.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/selftest_migrate.c
index e677f2da093d..3def5ca72dec 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/selftest_migrate.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/selftest_migrate.c
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ err_free_src:
 static int intel_context_copy_ccs(struct intel_context *ce,
 				  const struct i915_deps *deps,
 				  struct scatterlist *sg,
-				  enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+				  unsigned int pat_index,
 				  bool write_to_ccs,
 				  struct i915_request **out)
 {
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ static int intel_context_copy_ccs(struct intel_context *ce,
 		if (err)
 			goto out_rq;
 
-		len = emit_pte(rq, &it, cache_level, true, offset, CHUNK_SZ);
+		len = emit_pte(rq, &it, pat_index, true, offset, CHUNK_SZ);
 		if (len <= 0) {
 			err = len;
 			goto out_rq;
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ intel_migrate_ccs_copy(struct intel_migrate *m,
 		       struct i915_gem_ww_ctx *ww,
 		       const struct i915_deps *deps,
 		       struct scatterlist *sg,
-		       enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+		       unsigned int pat_index,
 		       bool write_to_ccs,
 		       struct i915_request **out)
 {
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ intel_migrate_ccs_copy(struct intel_migrate *m,
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
 
-	err = intel_context_copy_ccs(ce, deps, sg, cache_level,
+	err = intel_context_copy_ccs(ce, deps, sg, pat_index,
 				     write_to_ccs, out);
 
 	intel_context_unpin(ce);
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ static int clear(struct intel_migrate *migrate,
 			/* Write the obj data into ccs surface */
 			err = intel_migrate_ccs_copy(migrate, &ww, NULL,
 						     obj->mm.pages->sgl,
-						     obj->cache_level,
+						     obj->pat_index,
 						     true, &rq);
 			if (rq && !err) {
 				if (i915_request_wait(rq, 0, HZ) < 0) {
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ static int clear(struct intel_migrate *migrate,
 
 			err = intel_migrate_ccs_copy(migrate, &ww, NULL,
 						     obj->mm.pages->sgl,
-						     obj->cache_level,
+						     obj->pat_index,
 						     false, &rq);
 			if (rq && !err) {
 				if (i915_request_wait(rq, 0, HZ) < 0) {
@@ -414,9 +414,9 @@ static int __migrate_copy(struct intel_migrate *migrate,
 			  struct i915_request **out)
 {
 	return intel_migrate_copy(migrate, ww, NULL,
-				  src->mm.pages->sgl, src->cache_level,
+				  src->mm.pages->sgl, src->pat_index,
 				  i915_gem_object_is_lmem(src),
-				  dst->mm.pages->sgl, dst->cache_level,
+				  dst->mm.pages->sgl, dst->pat_index,
 				  i915_gem_object_is_lmem(dst),
 				  out);
 }
@@ -428,9 +428,9 @@ static int __global_copy(struct intel_migrate *migrate,
 			 struct i915_request **out)
 {
 	return intel_context_migrate_copy(migrate->context, NULL,
-					  src->mm.pages->sgl, src->cache_level,
+					  src->mm.pages->sgl, src->pat_index,
 					  i915_gem_object_is_lmem(src),
-					  dst->mm.pages->sgl, dst->cache_level,
+					  dst->mm.pages->sgl, dst->pat_index,
 					  i915_gem_object_is_lmem(dst),
 					  out);
 }
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ static int __migrate_clear(struct intel_migrate *migrate,
 {
 	return intel_migrate_clear(migrate, ww, NULL,
 				   obj->mm.pages->sgl,
-				   obj->cache_level,
+				   obj->pat_index,
 				   i915_gem_object_is_lmem(obj),
 				   value, out);
 }
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ static int __global_clear(struct intel_migrate *migrate,
 {
 	return intel_context_migrate_clear(migrate->context, NULL,
 					   obj->mm.pages->sgl,
-					   obj->cache_level,
+					   obj->pat_index,
 					   i915_gem_object_is_lmem(obj),
 					   value, out);
 }
@@ -648,7 +648,7 @@ static int live_emit_pte_full_ring(void *arg)
 	 */
 	pr_info("%s emite_pte ring space=%u\n", __func__, rq->ring->space);
 	it = sg_sgt(obj->mm.pages->sgl);
-	len = emit_pte(rq, &it, obj->cache_level, false, 0, CHUNK_SZ);
+	len = emit_pte(rq, &it, obj->pat_index, false, 0, CHUNK_SZ);
 	if (!len) {
 		err = -EINVAL;
 		goto out_rq;
@@ -844,7 +844,7 @@ static int wrap_ktime_compare(const void *A, const void *B)
 
 static int __perf_clear_blt(struct intel_context *ce,
 			    struct scatterlist *sg,
-			    enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+			    unsigned int pat_index,
 			    bool is_lmem,
 			    size_t sz)
 {
@@ -858,7 +858,7 @@ static int __perf_clear_blt(struct intel_context *ce,
 
 		t0 = ktime_get();
 
-		err = intel_context_migrate_clear(ce, NULL, sg, cache_level,
+		err = intel_context_migrate_clear(ce, NULL, sg, pat_index,
 						  is_lmem, 0, &rq);
 		if (rq) {
 			if (i915_request_wait(rq, 0, MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT) < 0)
@@ -904,7 +904,8 @@ static int perf_clear_blt(void *arg)
 
 		err = __perf_clear_blt(gt->migrate.context,
 				       dst->mm.pages->sgl,
-				       I915_CACHE_NONE,
+				       i915_gem_get_pat_index(gt->i915,
+							      I915_CACHE_NONE),
 				       i915_gem_object_is_lmem(dst),
 				       sizes[i]);
 
@@ -919,10 +920,10 @@ static int perf_clear_blt(void *arg)
 
 static int __perf_copy_blt(struct intel_context *ce,
 			   struct scatterlist *src,
-			   enum i915_cache_level src_cache_level,
+			   unsigned int src_pat_index,
 			   bool src_is_lmem,
 			   struct scatterlist *dst,
-			   enum i915_cache_level dst_cache_level,
+			   unsigned int dst_pat_index,
 			   bool dst_is_lmem,
 			   size_t sz)
 {
@@ -937,9 +938,9 @@ static int __perf_copy_blt(struct intel_context *ce,
 		t0 = ktime_get();
 
 		err = intel_context_migrate_copy(ce, NULL,
-						 src, src_cache_level,
+						 src, src_pat_index,
 						 src_is_lmem,
-						 dst, dst_cache_level,
+						 dst, dst_pat_index,
 						 dst_is_lmem,
 						 &rq);
 		if (rq) {
@@ -994,10 +995,12 @@ static int perf_copy_blt(void *arg)
 
 		err = __perf_copy_blt(gt->migrate.context,
 				      src->mm.pages->sgl,
-				      I915_CACHE_NONE,
+				      i915_gem_get_pat_index(gt->i915,
+							     I915_CACHE_NONE),
 				      i915_gem_object_is_lmem(src),
 				      dst->mm.pages->sgl,
-				      I915_CACHE_NONE,
+				      i915_gem_get_pat_index(gt->i915,
+							     I915_CACHE_NONE),
 				      i915_gem_object_is_lmem(dst),
 				      sz);
 
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/selftest_reset.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/selftest_reset.c
index a9e0a91bc0e0..79aa6ac66ad2 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/selftest_reset.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/selftest_reset.c
@@ -86,7 +86,9 @@ __igt_reset_stolen(struct intel_gt *gt,
 
 		ggtt->vm.insert_page(&ggtt->vm, dma,
 				     ggtt->error_capture.start,
-				     I915_CACHE_NONE, 0);
+				     i915_gem_get_pat_index(gt->i915,
+							    I915_CACHE_NONE),
+				     0);
 		mb();
 
 		s = io_mapping_map_wc(&ggtt->iomap,
@@ -127,7 +129,9 @@ __igt_reset_stolen(struct intel_gt *gt,
 
 		ggtt->vm.insert_page(&ggtt->vm, dma,
 				     ggtt->error_capture.start,
-				     I915_CACHE_NONE, 0);
+				     i915_gem_get_pat_index(gt->i915,
+							    I915_CACHE_NONE),
+				     0);
 		mb();
 
 		s = io_mapping_map_wc(&ggtt->iomap,
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/selftest_timeline.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/selftest_timeline.c
index 9f536c251179..39c3ec12df1a 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/selftest_timeline.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/selftest_timeline.c
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ static int setup_watcher(struct hwsp_watcher *w, struct intel_gt *gt,
 		return PTR_ERR(obj);
 
 	/* keep the same cache settings as timeline */
-	i915_gem_object_set_cache_coherency(obj, tl->hwsp_ggtt->obj->cache_level);
+	i915_gem_object_set_pat_index(obj, tl->hwsp_ggtt->obj->pat_index);
 	w->map = i915_gem_object_pin_map_unlocked(obj,
 						  page_unmask_bits(tl->hwsp_ggtt->obj->mm.mapping));
 	if (IS_ERR(w->map)) {
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/selftest_tlb.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/selftest_tlb.c
index e6cac1f15d6e..4493c8518e91 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/selftest_tlb.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/selftest_tlb.c
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ pte_tlbinv(struct intel_context *ce,
 	   u64 length,
 	   struct rnd_state *prng)
 {
+	const unsigned int pat_index =
+		i915_gem_get_pat_index(ce->vm->i915, I915_CACHE_NONE);
 	struct drm_i915_gem_object *batch;
 	struct drm_mm_node vb_node;
 	struct i915_request *rq;
@@ -155,7 +157,7 @@ pte_tlbinv(struct intel_context *ce,
 		/* Flip the PTE between A and B */
 		if (i915_gem_object_is_lmem(vb->obj))
 			pte_flags |= PTE_LM;
-		ce->vm->insert_entries(ce->vm, &vb_res, 0, pte_flags);
+		ce->vm->insert_entries(ce->vm, &vb_res, pat_index, pte_flags);
 
 		/* Flush the PTE update to concurrent HW */
 		tlbinv(ce->vm, addr & -length, length);
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/uc/intel_uc_fw.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/uc/intel_uc_fw.c
index 4ec7df9ed5ff..e34c79120090 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/uc/intel_uc_fw.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gt/uc/intel_uc_fw.c
@@ -957,9 +957,15 @@ static void uc_fw_bind_ggtt(struct intel_uc_fw *uc_fw)
 		pte_flags |= PTE_LM;
 
 	if (ggtt->vm.raw_insert_entries)
-		ggtt->vm.raw_insert_entries(&ggtt->vm, dummy, I915_CACHE_NONE, pte_flags);
+		ggtt->vm.raw_insert_entries(&ggtt->vm, dummy,
+					    i915_gem_get_pat_index(ggtt->vm.i915,
+								   I915_CACHE_NONE),
+					    pte_flags);
 	else
-		ggtt->vm.insert_entries(&ggtt->vm, dummy, I915_CACHE_NONE, pte_flags);
+		ggtt->vm.insert_entries(&ggtt->vm, dummy,
+					i915_gem_get_pat_index(ggtt->vm.i915,
+							       I915_CACHE_NONE),
+					pte_flags);
 }
 
 static void uc_fw_unbind_ggtt(struct intel_uc_fw *uc_fw)
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_debugfs.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_debugfs.c
index 80c2bf98e341..e39937c82d73 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_debugfs.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_debugfs.c
@@ -138,21 +138,54 @@ static const char *stringify_vma_type(const struct i915_vma *vma)
 	return "ppgtt";
 }
 
-static const char *i915_cache_level_str(struct drm_i915_private *i915, int type)
-{
-	switch (type) {
-	case I915_CACHE_NONE: return " uncached";
-	case I915_CACHE_LLC: return HAS_LLC(i915) ? " LLC" : " snooped";
-	case I915_CACHE_L3_LLC: return " L3+LLC";
-	case I915_CACHE_WT: return " WT";
-	default: return "";
+static const char *i915_cache_level_str(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj)
+{
+	struct drm_i915_private *i915 = obj_to_i915(obj);
+
+	if (IS_METEORLAKE(i915)) {
+		switch (obj->pat_index) {
+		case 0: return " WB";
+		case 1: return " WT";
+		case 2: return " UC";
+		case 3: return " WB (1-Way Coh)";
+		case 4: return " WB (2-Way Coh)";
+		default: return " not defined";
+		}
+	} else if (IS_PONTEVECCHIO(i915)) {
+		switch (obj->pat_index) {
+		case 0: return " UC";
+		case 1: return " WC";
+		case 2: return " WT";
+		case 3: return " WB";
+		case 4: return " WT (CLOS1)";
+		case 5: return " WB (CLOS1)";
+		case 6: return " WT (CLOS2)";
+		case 7: return " WT (CLOS2)";
+		default: return " not defined";
+		}
+	} else if (GRAPHICS_VER(i915) >= 12) {
+		switch (obj->pat_index) {
+		case 0: return " WB";
+		case 1: return " WC";
+		case 2: return " WT";
+		case 3: return " UC";
+		default: return " not defined";
+		}
+	} else {
+		switch (obj->pat_index) {
+		case 0: return " UC";
+		case 1: return HAS_LLC(i915) ?
+			       " LLC" : " snooped";
+		case 2: return " L3+LLC";
+		case 3: return " WT";
+		default: return " not defined";
+		}
 	}
 }
 
 void
 i915_debugfs_describe_obj(struct seq_file *m, struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj)
 {
-	struct drm_i915_private *dev_priv = to_i915(obj->base.dev);
 	struct i915_vma *vma;
 	int pin_count = 0;
 
@@ -164,7 +197,7 @@ i915_debugfs_describe_obj(struct seq_file *m, struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj)
 		   obj->base.size / 1024,
 		   obj->read_domains,
 		   obj->write_domain,
-		   i915_cache_level_str(dev_priv, obj->cache_level),
+		   i915_cache_level_str(obj),
 		   obj->mm.dirty ? " dirty" : "",
 		   obj->mm.madv == I915_MADV_DONTNEED ? " purgeable" : "");
 	if (obj->base.name)
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem.c
index 0a78bdbd36b1..e70b762f0b03 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem.c
@@ -420,8 +420,11 @@ i915_gem_gtt_pread(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
 		page_length = remain < page_length ? remain : page_length;
 		if (drm_mm_node_allocated(&node)) {
 			ggtt->vm.insert_page(&ggtt->vm,
-					     i915_gem_object_get_dma_address(obj, offset >> PAGE_SHIFT),
-					     node.start, I915_CACHE_NONE, 0);
+					     i915_gem_object_get_dma_address(obj,
+									     offset >> PAGE_SHIFT),
+					     node.start,
+					     i915_gem_get_pat_index(i915,
+								    I915_CACHE_NONE), 0);
 		} else {
 			page_base += offset & PAGE_MASK;
 		}
@@ -598,8 +601,11 @@ i915_gem_gtt_pwrite_fast(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
 			/* flush the write before we modify the GGTT */
 			intel_gt_flush_ggtt_writes(ggtt->vm.gt);
 			ggtt->vm.insert_page(&ggtt->vm,
-					     i915_gem_object_get_dma_address(obj, offset >> PAGE_SHIFT),
-					     node.start, I915_CACHE_NONE, 0);
+					     i915_gem_object_get_dma_address(obj,
+									     offset >> PAGE_SHIFT),
+					     node.start,
+					     i915_gem_get_pat_index(i915,
+								    I915_CACHE_NONE), 0);
 			wmb(); /* flush modifications to the GGTT (insert_page) */
 		} else {
 			page_base += offset & PAGE_MASK;
@@ -1142,6 +1148,19 @@ int i915_gem_init(struct drm_i915_private *dev_priv)
 	unsigned int i;
 	int ret;
 
+	/*
+	 * In the proccess of replacing cache_level with pat_index a tricky
+	 * dependency is created on the definition of the enum i915_cache_level.
+	 * in case this enum is changed, PTE encode would be broken.
+	 * Add a WARNING here. And remove when we completely quit using this
+	 * enum
+	 */
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(I915_CACHE_NONE != 0 ||
+		     I915_CACHE_LLC != 1 ||
+		     I915_CACHE_L3_LLC != 2 ||
+		     I915_CACHE_WT != 3 ||
+		     I915_MAX_CACHE_LEVEL != 4);
+
 	/* We need to fallback to 4K pages if host doesn't support huge gtt. */
 	if (intel_vgpu_active(dev_priv) && !intel_vgpu_has_huge_gtt(dev_priv))
 		RUNTIME_INFO(dev_priv)->page_sizes = I915_GTT_PAGE_SIZE_4K;
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gpu_error.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gpu_error.c
index 8ffdd7f47e93..566536499954 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gpu_error.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gpu_error.c
@@ -1122,10 +1122,14 @@ i915_vma_coredump_create(const struct intel_gt *gt,
 			mutex_lock(&ggtt->error_mutex);
 			if (ggtt->vm.raw_insert_page)
 				ggtt->vm.raw_insert_page(&ggtt->vm, dma, slot,
-							 I915_CACHE_NONE, 0);
+							 i915_gem_get_pat_index(gt->i915,
+										I915_CACHE_NONE),
+							 0);
 			else
 				ggtt->vm.insert_page(&ggtt->vm, dma, slot,
-						     I915_CACHE_NONE, 0);
+						     i915_gem_get_pat_index(gt->i915,
+									    I915_CACHE_NONE),
+						     0);
 			mb();
 
 			s = io_mapping_map_wc(&ggtt->iomap, slot, PAGE_SIZE);
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_vma.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_vma.c
index 20a44788999e..a814775a363d 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_vma.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_vma.c
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ struct i915_vma_work {
 	struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res;
 	struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj;
 	struct i915_sw_dma_fence_cb cb;
-	enum i915_cache_level cache_level;
+	unsigned int pat_index;
 	unsigned int flags;
 };
 
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ static void __vma_bind(struct dma_fence_work *work)
 		return;
 
 	vma_res->ops->bind_vma(vma_res->vm, &vw->stash,
-			       vma_res, vw->cache_level, vw->flags);
+			       vma_res, vw->pat_index, vw->flags);
 }
 
 static void __vma_release(struct dma_fence_work *work)
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ i915_vma_resource_init_from_vma(struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
 /**
  * i915_vma_bind - Sets up PTEs for an VMA in it's corresponding address space.
  * @vma: VMA to map
- * @cache_level: mapping cache level
+ * @pat_index: PAT index to set in PTE
  * @flags: flags like global or local mapping
  * @work: preallocated worker for allocating and binding the PTE
  * @vma_res: pointer to a preallocated vma resource. The resource is either
@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ i915_vma_resource_init_from_vma(struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
  * Note that DMA addresses are also the only part of the SG table we care about.
  */
 int i915_vma_bind(struct i915_vma *vma,
-		  enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+		  unsigned int pat_index,
 		  u32 flags,
 		  struct i915_vma_work *work,
 		  struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res)
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ int i915_vma_bind(struct i915_vma *vma,
 		struct dma_fence *prev;
 
 		work->vma_res = i915_vma_resource_get(vma->resource);
-		work->cache_level = cache_level;
+		work->pat_index = pat_index;
 		work->flags = bind_flags;
 
 		/*
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ int i915_vma_bind(struct i915_vma *vma,
 
 			return ret;
 		}
-		vma->ops->bind_vma(vma->vm, NULL, vma->resource, cache_level,
+		vma->ops->bind_vma(vma->vm, NULL, vma->resource, pat_index,
 				   bind_flags);
 	}
 
@@ -814,7 +814,7 @@ i915_vma_insert(struct i915_vma *vma, struct i915_gem_ww_ctx *ww,
 	color = 0;
 
 	if (i915_vm_has_cache_coloring(vma->vm))
-		color = vma->obj->cache_level;
+		color = vma->obj->pat_index;
 
 	if (flags & PIN_OFFSET_FIXED) {
 		u64 offset = flags & PIN_OFFSET_MASK;
@@ -1518,7 +1518,7 @@ int i915_vma_pin_ww(struct i915_vma *vma, struct i915_gem_ww_ctx *ww,
 
 	GEM_BUG_ON(!vma->pages);
 	err = i915_vma_bind(vma,
-			    vma->obj->cache_level,
+			    vma->obj->pat_index,
 			    flags, work, vma_res);
 	vma_res = NULL;
 	if (err)
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_vma.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_vma.h
index 38c8c66ed724..9a9729205d5b 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_vma.h
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_vma.h
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ i915_vma_compare(struct i915_vma *vma,
 
 struct i915_vma_work *i915_vma_work(void);
 int i915_vma_bind(struct i915_vma *vma,
-		  enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+		  unsigned int pat_index,
 		  u32 flags,
 		  struct i915_vma_work *work,
 		  struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res);
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_vma_types.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_vma_types.h
index 77fda2244d16..64472b7f0e77 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_vma_types.h
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_vma_types.h
@@ -32,8 +32,6 @@
 
 #include "gem/i915_gem_object_types.h"
 
-enum i915_cache_level;
-
 /**
  * DOC: Global GTT views
  *
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/i915_gem.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/i915_gem.c
index d91d0ade8abd..61da4ed9d521 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/i915_gem.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/i915_gem.c
@@ -57,7 +57,10 @@ static void trash_stolen(struct drm_i915_private *i915)
 		u32 __iomem *s;
 		int x;
 
-		ggtt->vm.insert_page(&ggtt->vm, dma, slot, I915_CACHE_NONE, 0);
+		ggtt->vm.insert_page(&ggtt->vm, dma, slot,
+				     i915_gem_get_pat_index(i915,
+							    I915_CACHE_NONE),
+				     0);
 
 		s = io_mapping_map_atomic_wc(&ggtt->iomap, slot);
 		for (x = 0; x < PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(u32); x++) {
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/i915_gem_evict.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/i915_gem_evict.c
index f68ef4074088..f8fe3681c3dc 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/i915_gem_evict.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/i915_gem_evict.c
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ static int igt_evict_for_cache_color(void *arg)
 	struct drm_mm_node target = {
 		.start = I915_GTT_PAGE_SIZE * 2,
 		.size = I915_GTT_PAGE_SIZE,
-		.color = I915_CACHE_LLC,
+		.color = i915_gem_get_pat_index(gt->i915, I915_CACHE_LLC),
 	};
 	struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj;
 	struct i915_vma *vma;
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ static int igt_evict_for_cache_color(void *arg)
 	/* Attempt to remove the first *pinned* vma, by removing the (empty)
 	 * neighbour -- this should fail.
 	 */
-	target.color = I915_CACHE_L3_LLC;
+	target.color = i915_gem_get_pat_index(gt->i915, I915_CACHE_L3_LLC);
 
 	mutex_lock(&ggtt->vm.mutex);
 	err = i915_gem_evict_for_node(&ggtt->vm, NULL, &target, 0);
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/i915_gem_gtt.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/i915_gem_gtt.c
index 154801f1c468..36940ef10108 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/i915_gem_gtt.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/i915_gem_gtt.c
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ fake_dma_object(struct drm_i915_private *i915, u64 size)
 
 	obj->write_domain = I915_GEM_DOMAIN_CPU;
 	obj->read_domains = I915_GEM_DOMAIN_CPU;
-	obj->cache_level = I915_CACHE_NONE;
+	obj->pat_index = i915_gem_get_pat_index(i915, I915_CACHE_NONE);
 
 	/* Preallocate the "backing storage" */
 	if (i915_gem_object_pin_pages_unlocked(obj))
@@ -359,7 +359,9 @@ alloc_vm_end:
 
 			with_intel_runtime_pm(vm->gt->uncore->rpm, wakeref)
 			  vm->insert_entries(vm, mock_vma_res,
-						   I915_CACHE_NONE, 0);
+					     i915_gem_get_pat_index(vm->i915,
+								    I915_CACHE_NONE),
+					     0);
 		}
 		count = n;
 
@@ -1377,7 +1379,10 @@ static int igt_ggtt_page(void *arg)
 
 		ggtt->vm.insert_page(&ggtt->vm,
 				     i915_gem_object_get_dma_address(obj, 0),
-				     offset, I915_CACHE_NONE, 0);
+				     offset,
+				     i915_gem_get_pat_index(i915,
+							    I915_CACHE_NONE),
+				     0);
 	}
 
 	order = i915_random_order(count, &prng);
@@ -1510,7 +1515,7 @@ static int reserve_gtt_with_resource(struct i915_vma *vma, u64 offset)
 	mutex_lock(&vm->mutex);
 	err = i915_gem_gtt_reserve(vm, NULL, &vma->node, obj->base.size,
 				   offset,
-				   obj->cache_level,
+				   obj->pat_index,
 				   0);
 	if (!err) {
 		i915_vma_resource_init_from_vma(vma_res, vma);
@@ -1690,7 +1695,7 @@ static int insert_gtt_with_resource(struct i915_vma *vma)
 
 	mutex_lock(&vm->mutex);
 	err = i915_gem_gtt_insert(vm, NULL, &vma->node, obj->base.size, 0,
-				  obj->cache_level, 0, vm->total, 0);
+				  obj->pat_index, 0, vm->total, 0);
 	if (!err) {
 		i915_vma_resource_init_from_vma(vma_res, vma);
 		vma->resource = vma_res;
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/intel_memory_region.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/intel_memory_region.c
index 3b18e5905c86..d985d9bae2e8 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/intel_memory_region.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/intel_memory_region.c
@@ -1070,7 +1070,9 @@ static int igt_lmem_write_cpu(void *arg)
 	/* Put the pages into a known state -- from the gpu for added fun */
 	intel_engine_pm_get(engine);
 	err = intel_context_migrate_clear(engine->gt->migrate.context, NULL,
-					  obj->mm.pages->sgl, I915_CACHE_NONE,
+					  obj->mm.pages->sgl,
+					  i915_gem_get_pat_index(i915,
+								 I915_CACHE_NONE),
 					  true, 0xdeadbeaf, &rq);
 	if (rq) {
 		dma_resv_add_fence(obj->base.resv, &rq->fence,
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/mock_gtt.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/mock_gtt.c
index ece97e4faacb..a516c0aa88fd 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/mock_gtt.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/selftests/mock_gtt.c
@@ -27,21 +27,21 @@
 static void mock_insert_page(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 			     dma_addr_t addr,
 			     u64 offset,
-			     enum i915_cache_level level,
+			     unsigned int pat_index,
 			     u32 flags)
 {
 }
 
 static void mock_insert_entries(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 				struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-				enum i915_cache_level level, u32 flags)
+				unsigned int pat_index, u32 flags)
 {
 }
 
 static void mock_bind_ppgtt(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 			    struct i915_vm_pt_stash *stash,
 			    struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-			    enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+			    unsigned int pat_index,
 			    u32 flags)
 {
 	GEM_BUG_ON(flags & I915_VMA_GLOBAL_BIND);
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ struct i915_ppgtt *mock_ppgtt(struct drm_i915_private *i915, const char *name)
 static void mock_bind_ggtt(struct i915_address_space *vm,
 			   struct i915_vm_pt_stash *stash,
 			   struct i915_vma_resource *vma_res,
-			   enum i915_cache_level cache_level,
+			   unsigned int pat_index,
 			   u32 flags)
 {
 }