Merge branch 'for-linus' into for-next

Back-merge the 5.18-rc3 devel branch, as it influences on the further
development.

Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

55 files changed, 506 insertions, 124 deletions

diff --git a/include/sound/core.h b/include/sound/core.h
index b7e9b58d3c78..6d4cc49584c6 100644
--- a/include/sound/core.h
+++ b/include/sound/core.h
@@ -284,6 +284,7 @@ int snd_card_disconnect(struct snd_card *card);
 void snd_card_disconnect_sync(struct snd_card *card);
 int snd_card_free(struct snd_card *card);
 int snd_card_free_when_closed(struct snd_card *card);
+int snd_card_free_on_error(struct device *dev, int ret);
 void snd_card_set_id(struct snd_card *card, const char *id);
 int snd_card_register(struct snd_card *card);
 int snd_card_info_init(void);
diff --git a/include/sound/memalloc.h b/include/sound/memalloc.h
index 653dfffb3ac8..8d79cebf95f3 100644
--- a/include/sound/memalloc.h
+++ b/include/sound/memalloc.h
@@ -51,6 +51,11 @@ struct snd_dma_device {
 #define SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG	SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV /* no SG-buf support */
 #define SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_WC_SG	SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_WC
 #endif
+/* fallback types, don't use those directly */
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DMA_SGBUF
+#define SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG_FALLBACK		10
+#define SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_WC_SG_FALLBACK	11
+#endif
 
 /*
  * info for buffer allocation
diff --git a/sound/core/init.c b/sound/core/init.c
index 31ba7024e3ad..726a8353201f 100644
--- a/sound/core/init.c
+++ b/sound/core/init.c
@@ -209,6 +209,12 @@ static void __snd_card_release(struct device *dev, void *data)
  * snd_card_register(), the very first devres action to call snd_card_free()
  * is added automatically.  In that way, the resource disconnection is assured
  * at first, then released in the expected order.
+ *
+ * If an error happens at the probe before snd_card_register() is called and
+ * there have been other devres resources, you'd need to free the card manually
+ * via snd_card_free() call in the error; otherwise it may lead to UAF due to
+ * devres call orders.  You can use snd_card_free_on_error() helper for
+ * handling it more easily.
  */
 int snd_devm_card_new(struct device *parent, int idx, const char *xid,
 		      struct module *module, size_t extra_size,
@@ -235,6 +241,28 @@ int snd_devm_card_new(struct device *parent, int idx, const char *xid,
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_devm_card_new);
 
+/**
+ * snd_card_free_on_error - a small helper for handling devm probe errors
+ * @dev: the managed device object
+ * @ret: the return code from the probe callback
+ *
+ * This function handles the explicit snd_card_free() call at the error from
+ * the probe callback.  It's just a small helper for simplifying the error
+ * handling with the managed devices.
+ */
+int snd_card_free_on_error(struct device *dev, int ret)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+
+	if (!ret)
+		return 0;
+	card = devres_find(dev, __snd_card_release, NULL, NULL);
+	if (card)
+		snd_card_free(card);
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_card_free_on_error);
+
 static int snd_card_init(struct snd_card *card, struct device *parent,
 			 int idx, const char *xid, struct module *module,
 			 size_t extra_size)
diff --git a/sound/core/memalloc.c b/sound/core/memalloc.c
index 6fd763d4d15b..15dc7160ba34 100644
--- a/sound/core/memalloc.c
+++ b/sound/core/memalloc.c
@@ -499,6 +499,10 @@ static const struct snd_malloc_ops snd_dma_wc_ops = {
 };
 #endif /* CONFIG_X86 */
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DMA_SGBUF
+static void *snd_dma_sg_fallback_alloc(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab, size_t size);
+#endif
+
 /*
  * Non-contiguous pages allocator
  */
@@ -509,8 +513,18 @@ static void *snd_dma_noncontig_alloc(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab, size_t size)
 
 	sgt = dma_alloc_noncontiguous(dmab->dev.dev, size, dmab->dev.dir,
 				      DEFAULT_GFP, 0);
-	if (!sgt)
+	if (!sgt) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DMA_SGBUF
+		if (dmab->dev.type == SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_WC_SG)
+			dmab->dev.type = SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_WC_SG_FALLBACK;
+		else
+			dmab->dev.type = SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG_FALLBACK;
+		return snd_dma_sg_fallback_alloc(dmab, size);
+#else
 		return NULL;
+#endif
+	}
+
 	dmab->dev.need_sync = dma_need_sync(dmab->dev.dev,
 					    sg_dma_address(sgt->sgl));
 	p = dma_vmap_noncontiguous(dmab->dev.dev, size, sgt);
@@ -633,6 +647,8 @@ static void *snd_dma_sg_wc_alloc(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab, size_t size)
 
 	if (!p)
 		return NULL;
+	if (dmab->dev.type != SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_WC_SG)
+		return p;
 	for_each_sgtable_page(sgt, &iter, 0)
 		set_memory_wc(sg_wc_address(&iter), 1);
 	return p;
@@ -665,6 +681,95 @@ static const struct snd_malloc_ops snd_dma_sg_wc_ops = {
 	.get_page = snd_dma_noncontig_get_page,
 	.get_chunk_size = snd_dma_noncontig_get_chunk_size,
 };
+
+/* Fallback SG-buffer allocations for x86 */
+struct snd_dma_sg_fallback {
+	size_t count;
+	struct page **pages;
+	dma_addr_t *addrs;
+};
+
+static void __snd_dma_sg_fallback_free(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
+				       struct snd_dma_sg_fallback *sgbuf)
+{
+	size_t i;
+
+	if (sgbuf->count && dmab->dev.type == SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_WC_SG_FALLBACK)
+		set_pages_array_wb(sgbuf->pages, sgbuf->count);
+	for (i = 0; i < sgbuf->count && sgbuf->pages[i]; i++)
+		dma_free_coherent(dmab->dev.dev, PAGE_SIZE,
+				  page_address(sgbuf->pages[i]),
+				  sgbuf->addrs[i]);
+	kvfree(sgbuf->pages);
+	kvfree(sgbuf->addrs);
+	kfree(sgbuf);
+}
+
+static void *snd_dma_sg_fallback_alloc(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab, size_t size)
+{
+	struct snd_dma_sg_fallback *sgbuf;
+	struct page **pages;
+	size_t i, count;
+	void *p;
+
+	sgbuf = kzalloc(sizeof(*sgbuf), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!sgbuf)
+		return NULL;
+	count = PAGE_ALIGN(size) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	pages = kvcalloc(count, sizeof(*pages), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!pages)
+		goto error;
+	sgbuf->pages = pages;
+	sgbuf->addrs = kvcalloc(count, sizeof(*sgbuf->addrs), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!sgbuf->addrs)
+		goto error;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < count; sgbuf->count++, i++) {
+		p = dma_alloc_coherent(dmab->dev.dev, PAGE_SIZE,
+				       &sgbuf->addrs[i], DEFAULT_GFP);
+		if (!p)
+			goto error;
+		sgbuf->pages[i] = virt_to_page(p);
+	}
+
+	if (dmab->dev.type == SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_WC_SG_FALLBACK)
+		set_pages_array_wc(pages, count);
+	p = vmap(pages, count, VM_MAP, PAGE_KERNEL);
+	if (!p)
+		goto error;
+	dmab->private_data = sgbuf;
+	return p;
+
+ error:
+	__snd_dma_sg_fallback_free(dmab, sgbuf);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void snd_dma_sg_fallback_free(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab)
+{
+	vunmap(dmab->area);
+	__snd_dma_sg_fallback_free(dmab, dmab->private_data);
+}
+
+static int snd_dma_sg_fallback_mmap(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
+				    struct vm_area_struct *area)
+{
+	struct snd_dma_sg_fallback *sgbuf = dmab->private_data;
+
+	if (dmab->dev.type == SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_WC_SG_FALLBACK)
+		area->vm_page_prot = pgprot_writecombine(area->vm_page_prot);
+	return vm_map_pages(area, sgbuf->pages, sgbuf->count);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_malloc_ops snd_dma_sg_fallback_ops = {
+	.alloc = snd_dma_sg_fallback_alloc,
+	.free = snd_dma_sg_fallback_free,
+	.mmap = snd_dma_sg_fallback_mmap,
+	/* reuse vmalloc helpers */
+	.get_addr = snd_dma_vmalloc_get_addr,
+	.get_page = snd_dma_vmalloc_get_page,
+	.get_chunk_size = snd_dma_vmalloc_get_chunk_size,
+};
 #endif /* CONFIG_SND_DMA_SGBUF */
 
 /*
@@ -736,6 +841,10 @@ static const struct snd_malloc_ops *dma_ops[] = {
 #ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_ALLOCATOR
 	[SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_IRAM] = &snd_dma_iram_ops,
 #endif /* CONFIG_GENERIC_ALLOCATOR */
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DMA_SGBUF
+	[SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG_FALLBACK] = &snd_dma_sg_fallback_ops,
+	[SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_WC_SG_FALLBACK] = &snd_dma_sg_fallback_ops,
+#endif
 #endif /* CONFIG_HAS_DMA */
 };
 
diff --git a/sound/core/pcm_misc.c b/sound/core/pcm_misc.c
index 4866aed97aac..5588b6a1ee8b 100644
--- a/sound/core/pcm_misc.c
+++ b/sound/core/pcm_misc.c
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ int snd_pcm_format_set_silence(snd_pcm_format_t format, void *data, unsigned int
 		return 0;
 	width = pcm_formats[(INT)format].phys; /* physical width */
 	pat = pcm_formats[(INT)format].silence;
-	if (! width)
+	if (!width || !pat)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	/* signed or 1 byte data */
 	if (pcm_formats[(INT)format].signd == 1 || width <= 8) {
diff --git a/sound/drivers/mtpav.c b/sound/drivers/mtpav.c
index 11235baaf6fa..f212f233ea61 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/mtpav.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/mtpav.c
@@ -693,8 +693,6 @@ static int snd_mtpav_probe(struct platform_device *dev)
 	mtp_card->outmidihwport = 0xffffffff;
 	timer_setup(&mtp_card->timer, snd_mtpav_output_timer, 0);
 
-	card->private_free = snd_mtpav_free;
-
 	err = snd_mtpav_get_RAWMIDI(mtp_card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
@@ -716,6 +714,8 @@ static int snd_mtpav_probe(struct platform_device *dev)
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
+	card->private_free = snd_mtpav_free;
+
 	platform_set_drvdata(dev, card);
 	printk(KERN_INFO "Motu MidiTimePiece on parallel port irq: %d ioport: 0x%lx\n", irq, port);
 	return 0;
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdac_i915.c b/sound/hda/hdac_i915.c
index efe810af28c5..48b8ed752b69 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdac_i915.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdac_i915.c
@@ -116,16 +116,25 @@ static int i915_component_master_match(struct device *dev, int subcomponent,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-/* check whether intel graphics is present */
-static bool i915_gfx_present(void)
+/* check whether Intel graphics is present and reachable */
+static int i915_gfx_present(struct pci_dev *hdac_pci)
 {
-	static const struct pci_device_id ids[] = {
-		{ PCI_DEVICE(PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, PCI_ANY_ID),
-		  .class = PCI_BASE_CLASS_DISPLAY << 16,
-		  .class_mask = 0xff << 16 },
-		{}
-	};
-	return pci_dev_present(ids);
+	unsigned int class = PCI_BASE_CLASS_DISPLAY << 16;
+	struct pci_dev *display_dev = NULL;
+	bool match = false;
+
+	do {
+		display_dev = pci_get_class(class, display_dev);
+
+		if (display_dev && display_dev->vendor == PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL &&
+		    connectivity_check(display_dev, hdac_pci))
+			match = true;
+
+		pci_dev_put(display_dev);
+
+	} while (!match && display_dev);
+
+	return match;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -145,7 +154,7 @@ int snd_hdac_i915_init(struct hdac_bus *bus)
 	struct drm_audio_component *acomp;
 	int err;
 
-	if (!i915_gfx_present())
+	if (!i915_gfx_present(to_pci_dev(bus->dev)))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
 	err = snd_hdac_acomp_init(bus, NULL,
diff --git a/sound/hda/intel-dsp-config.c b/sound/hda/intel-dsp-config.c
index 70fd8b13938e..8b0a16ba27d3 100644
--- a/sound/hda/intel-dsp-config.c
+++ b/sound/hda/intel-dsp-config.c
@@ -390,22 +390,36 @@ static const struct config_entry config_table[] = {
 
 /* Alder Lake */
 #if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SND_SOC_SOF_ALDERLAKE)
+	/* Alderlake-S */
 	{
 		.flags = FLAG_SOF | FLAG_SOF_ONLY_IF_DMIC_OR_SOUNDWIRE,
 		.device = 0x7ad0,
 	},
+	/* RaptorLake-S */
 	{
 		.flags = FLAG_SOF | FLAG_SOF_ONLY_IF_DMIC_OR_SOUNDWIRE,
-		.device = 0x51c8,
+		.device = 0x7a50,
 	},
+	/* Alderlake-P */
 	{
 		.flags = FLAG_SOF | FLAG_SOF_ONLY_IF_DMIC_OR_SOUNDWIRE,
-		.device = 0x51cc,
+		.device = 0x51c8,
 	},
 	{
 		.flags = FLAG_SOF | FLAG_SOF_ONLY_IF_DMIC_OR_SOUNDWIRE,
 		.device = 0x51cd,
 	},
+	/* Alderlake-PS */
+	{
+		.flags = FLAG_SOF | FLAG_SOF_ONLY_IF_DMIC_OR_SOUNDWIRE,
+		.device = 0x51c9,
+	},
+	/* Alderlake-M */
+	{
+		.flags = FLAG_SOF | FLAG_SOF_ONLY_IF_DMIC_OR_SOUNDWIRE,
+		.device = 0x51cc,
+	},
+	/* Alderlake-N */
 	{
 		.flags = FLAG_SOF | FLAG_SOF_ONLY_IF_DMIC_OR_SOUNDWIRE,
 		.device = 0x54c8,
diff --git a/sound/isa/galaxy/galaxy.c b/sound/isa/galaxy/galaxy.c
index ea001c80149d..3164eb8510fa 100644
--- a/sound/isa/galaxy/galaxy.c
+++ b/sound/isa/galaxy/galaxy.c
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ static void snd_galaxy_free(struct snd_card *card)
 		galaxy_set_config(galaxy, galaxy->config);
 }
 
-static int snd_galaxy_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+static int __snd_galaxy_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
 {
 	struct snd_galaxy *galaxy;
 	struct snd_wss *chip;
@@ -598,6 +598,11 @@ static int snd_galaxy_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_galaxy_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(dev, __snd_galaxy_probe(dev, n));
+}
+
 static struct isa_driver snd_galaxy_driver = {
 	.match		= snd_galaxy_match,
 	.probe		= snd_galaxy_probe,
diff --git a/sound/isa/sc6000.c b/sound/isa/sc6000.c
index 26ab7ff80768..60398fced046 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sc6000.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sc6000.c
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ static void snd_sc6000_free(struct snd_card *card)
 		sc6000_setup_board(vport, 0);
 }
 
-static int snd_sc6000_probe(struct device *devptr, unsigned int dev)
+static int __snd_sc6000_probe(struct device *devptr, unsigned int dev)
 {
 	static const int possible_irqs[] = { 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, -1 };
 	static const int possible_dmas[] = { 1, 3, 0, -1 };
@@ -662,6 +662,11 @@ static int snd_sc6000_probe(struct device *devptr, unsigned int dev)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_sc6000_probe(struct device *devptr, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(devptr, __snd_sc6000_probe(devptr, dev));
+}
+
 static struct isa_driver snd_sc6000_driver = {
 	.match		= snd_sc6000_match,
 	.probe		= snd_sc6000_probe,
diff --git a/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound.h b/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound.h
index c1c52b479da2..ad8ce6a1c25c 100644
--- a/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound.h
+++ b/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound.h
@@ -88,11 +88,7 @@ static inline int ioctl_return(int __user *addr, int value)
      */
 
 extern int dmasound_init(void);
-#ifdef MODULE
 extern void dmasound_deinit(void);
-#else
-#define dmasound_deinit()	do { } while (0)
-#endif
 
 /* description of the set-up applies to either hard or soft settings */
 
@@ -114,9 +110,7 @@ typedef struct {
     void *(*dma_alloc)(unsigned int, gfp_t);
     void (*dma_free)(void *, unsigned int);
     int (*irqinit)(void);
-#ifdef MODULE
     void (*irqcleanup)(void);
-#endif
     void (*init)(void);
     void (*silence)(void);
     int (*setFormat)(int);
diff --git a/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_core.c b/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_core.c
index 0c95828ac0b1..9c48f3a9e3d1 100644
--- a/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_core.c
+++ b/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_core.c
@@ -206,12 +206,10 @@ module_param(writeBufSize, int, 0);
 
 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
 
-#ifdef MODULE
 static int sq_unit = -1;
 static int mixer_unit = -1;
 static int state_unit = -1;
 static int irq_installed;
-#endif /* MODULE */
 
 /* control over who can modify resources shared between play/record */
 static fmode_t shared_resource_owner;
@@ -391,9 +389,6 @@ static const struct file_operations mixer_fops =
 
 static void mixer_init(void)
 {
-#ifndef MODULE
-	int mixer_unit;
-#endif
 	mixer_unit = register_sound_mixer(&mixer_fops, -1);
 	if (mixer_unit < 0)
 		return;
@@ -1171,9 +1166,6 @@ static const struct file_operations sq_fops =
 static int sq_init(void)
 {
 	const struct file_operations *fops = &sq_fops;
-#ifndef MODULE
-	int sq_unit;
-#endif
 
 	sq_unit = register_sound_dsp(fops, -1);
 	if (sq_unit < 0) {
@@ -1366,9 +1358,6 @@ static const struct file_operations state_fops = {
 
 static int state_init(void)
 {
-#ifndef MODULE
-	int state_unit;
-#endif
 	state_unit = register_sound_special(&state_fops, SND_DEV_STATUS);
 	if (state_unit < 0)
 		return state_unit ;
@@ -1386,10 +1375,9 @@ static int state_init(void)
 int dmasound_init(void)
 {
 	int res ;
-#ifdef MODULE
+
 	if (irq_installed)
 		return -EBUSY;
-#endif
 
 	/* Set up sound queue, /dev/audio and /dev/dsp. */
 
@@ -1408,9 +1396,7 @@ int dmasound_init(void)
 		printk(KERN_ERR "DMA sound driver: Interrupt initialization failed\n");
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
-#ifdef MODULE
 	irq_installed = 1;
-#endif
 
 	printk(KERN_INFO "%s DMA sound driver rev %03d installed\n",
 		dmasound.mach.name, (DMASOUND_CORE_REVISION<<4) +
@@ -1424,8 +1410,6 @@ int dmasound_init(void)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-#ifdef MODULE
-
 void dmasound_deinit(void)
 {
 	if (irq_installed) {
@@ -1444,8 +1428,6 @@ void dmasound_deinit(void)
 		unregister_sound_dsp(sq_unit);
 }
 
-#else /* !MODULE */
-
 static int dmasound_setup(char *str)
 {
 	int ints[6], size;
@@ -1489,8 +1471,6 @@ static int dmasound_setup(char *str)
 
 __setup("dmasound=", dmasound_setup);
 
-#endif /* !MODULE */
-
     /*
      *  Conversion tables
      */
@@ -1577,9 +1557,7 @@ char dmasound_alaw2dma8[] = {
 
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dmasound);
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dmasound_init);
-#ifdef MODULE
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dmasound_deinit);
-#endif
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dmasound_write_sq);
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dmasound_catchRadius);
 #ifdef HAS_8BIT_TABLES
diff --git a/sound/pci/ad1889.c b/sound/pci/ad1889.c
index bba4dae8dcc7..50e30704bf6f 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ad1889.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ad1889.c
@@ -844,8 +844,8 @@ snd_ad1889_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci)
 }
 
 static int
-snd_ad1889_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-		 const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+__snd_ad1889_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+		   const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	int err;
 	static int devno;
@@ -904,6 +904,12 @@ snd_ad1889_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_ad1889_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_ad1889_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 static const struct pci_device_id snd_ad1889_ids[] = {
 	{ PCI_DEVICE(PCI_VENDOR_ID_ANALOG_DEVICES, PCI_DEVICE_ID_AD1889JS) },
 	{ 0, },
diff --git a/sound/pci/ali5451/ali5451.c b/sound/pci/ali5451/ali5451.c
index 92eb59db106d..2378a39abaeb 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ali5451/ali5451.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ali5451/ali5451.c
@@ -2124,8 +2124,8 @@ static int snd_ali_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int snd_ali_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-			 const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_ali_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			   const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	struct snd_ali *codec;
@@ -2170,6 +2170,12 @@ static int snd_ali_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_ali_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			 const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_ali_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 static struct pci_driver ali5451_driver = {
 	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
 	.id_table = snd_ali_ids,
diff --git a/sound/pci/als300.c b/sound/pci/als300.c
index b86565dcdbe4..c70aff060120 100644
--- a/sound/pci/als300.c
+++ b/sound/pci/als300.c
@@ -708,7 +708,7 @@ static int snd_als300_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	err = snd_als300_create(card, pci, chip_type);
 	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
+		goto error;
 
 	strcpy(card->driver, "ALS300");
 	if (chip->chip_type == DEVICE_ALS300_PLUS)
@@ -723,11 +723,15 @@ static int snd_als300_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	err = snd_card_register(card);
 	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
+		goto error;
 
 	pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
 	dev++;
 	return 0;
+
+ error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
 }
 
 static struct pci_driver als300_driver = {
diff --git a/sound/pci/als4000.c b/sound/pci/als4000.c
index 535eccd124be..f33aeb692a11 100644
--- a/sound/pci/als4000.c
+++ b/sound/pci/als4000.c
@@ -806,8 +806,8 @@ static void snd_card_als4000_free( struct snd_card *card )
 	snd_als4000_free_gameport(acard);
 }
 
-static int snd_card_als4000_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-				  const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_card_als4000_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+				    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -930,6 +930,12 @@ static int snd_card_als4000_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_card_als4000_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+				  const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_card_als4000_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
 static int snd_als4000_suspend(struct device *dev)
 {
diff --git a/sound/pci/atiixp.c b/sound/pci/atiixp.c
index b8e035d5930d..43d01f1847ed 100644
--- a/sound/pci/atiixp.c
+++ b/sound/pci/atiixp.c
@@ -1572,8 +1572,8 @@ static int snd_atiixp_init(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci)
 }
 
 
-static int snd_atiixp_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-			    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_atiixp_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			      const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	struct atiixp *chip;
@@ -1623,6 +1623,12 @@ static int snd_atiixp_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_atiixp_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_atiixp_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 static struct pci_driver atiixp_driver = {
 	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
 	.id_table = snd_atiixp_ids,
diff --git a/sound/pci/atiixp_modem.c b/sound/pci/atiixp_modem.c
index 178dce8ef1e9..8864c4c3c7e1 100644
--- a/sound/pci/atiixp_modem.c
+++ b/sound/pci/atiixp_modem.c
@@ -1201,8 +1201,8 @@ static int snd_atiixp_init(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci)
 }
 
 
-static int snd_atiixp_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-			    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_atiixp_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			      const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	struct atiixp_modem *chip;
@@ -1247,6 +1247,12 @@ static int snd_atiixp_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_atiixp_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_atiixp_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 static struct pci_driver atiixp_modem_driver = {
 	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
 	.id_table = snd_atiixp_ids,
diff --git a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0.c b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0.c
index 342ef2a6655e..eb234153691b 100644
--- a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0.c
+++ b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0.c
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ snd_vortex_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci)
 
 // constructor -- see "Constructor" sub-section
 static int
-snd_vortex_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+__snd_vortex_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -310,6 +310,12 @@ snd_vortex_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int
+snd_vortex_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_vortex_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 // pci_driver definition
 static struct pci_driver vortex_driver = {
 	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
diff --git a/sound/pci/aw2/aw2-alsa.c b/sound/pci/aw2/aw2-alsa.c
index d56f126d6fdd..29a4bcdec237 100644
--- a/sound/pci/aw2/aw2-alsa.c
+++ b/sound/pci/aw2/aw2-alsa.c
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ static int snd_aw2_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	/* (3) Create main component */
 	err = snd_aw2_create(card, pci);
 	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
+		goto error;
 
 	/* initialize mutex */
 	mutex_init(&chip->mtx);
@@ -294,13 +294,17 @@ static int snd_aw2_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	/* (6) Register card instance */
 	err = snd_card_register(card);
 	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
+		goto error;
 
 	/* (7) Set PCI driver data */
 	pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
 
 	dev++;
 	return 0;
+
+ error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
 }
 
 /* open callback */
diff --git a/sound/pci/azt3328.c b/sound/pci/azt3328.c
index 089050470ff2..7f329dfc5404 100644
--- a/sound/pci/azt3328.c
+++ b/sound/pci/azt3328.c
@@ -2427,7 +2427,7 @@ snd_azf3328_create(struct snd_card *card,
 }
 
 static int
-snd_azf3328_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+__snd_azf3328_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -2520,6 +2520,12 @@ snd_azf3328_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int
+snd_azf3328_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_azf3328_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
 static inline void
 snd_azf3328_suspend_regs(const struct snd_azf3328 *chip,
diff --git a/sound/pci/bt87x.c b/sound/pci/bt87x.c
index d23f93163841..621985bfee5d 100644
--- a/sound/pci/bt87x.c
+++ b/sound/pci/bt87x.c
@@ -805,8 +805,8 @@ static int snd_bt87x_detect_card(struct pci_dev *pci)
 	return SND_BT87X_BOARD_UNKNOWN;
 }
 
-static int snd_bt87x_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-			   const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_bt87x_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			     const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -889,6 +889,12 @@ static int snd_bt87x_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_bt87x_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			   const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_bt87x_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 /* default entries for all Bt87x cards - it's not exported */
 /* driver_data is set to 0 to call detection */
 static const struct pci_device_id snd_bt87x_default_ids[] = {
diff --git a/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c b/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c
index 8577f9fa5ea6..cf1bac7a435f 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c
@@ -1725,8 +1725,8 @@ static int snd_ca0106_midi(struct snd_ca0106 *chip, unsigned int channel)
 }
 
 
-static int snd_ca0106_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-					const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_ca0106_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			      const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -1786,6 +1786,12 @@ static int snd_ca0106_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_ca0106_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_ca0106_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
 static int snd_ca0106_suspend(struct device *dev)
 {
diff --git a/sound/pci/cmipci.c b/sound/pci/cmipci.c
index dab801d9d3b4..727db6d43391 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cmipci.c
+++ b/sound/pci/cmipci.c
@@ -3247,15 +3247,19 @@ static int snd_cmipci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	err = snd_cmipci_create(card, pci, dev);
 	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
+		goto error;
 
 	err = snd_card_register(card);
 	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
+		goto error;
 
 	pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
 	dev++;
 	return 0;
+
+ error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
diff --git a/sound/pci/cs4281.c b/sound/pci/cs4281.c
index e7367402b84a..0c9cadf7b3b8 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cs4281.c
+++ b/sound/pci/cs4281.c
@@ -1827,8 +1827,8 @@ static void snd_cs4281_opl3_command(struct snd_opl3 *opl3, unsigned short cmd,
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&opl3->reg_lock, flags);
 }
 
-static int snd_cs4281_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-			    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_cs4281_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			      const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -1888,6 +1888,12 @@ static int snd_cs4281_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_cs4281_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_cs4281_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 /*
  * Power Management
  */
diff --git a/sound/pci/cs5535audio/cs5535audio.c b/sound/pci/cs5535audio/cs5535audio.c
index 499fa0148f9a..440b8f9b40c9 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cs5535audio/cs5535audio.c
+++ b/sound/pci/cs5535audio/cs5535audio.c
@@ -281,8 +281,8 @@ static int snd_cs5535audio_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int snd_cs5535audio_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-				 const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_cs5535audio_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+				   const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -331,6 +331,12 @@ static int snd_cs5535audio_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_cs5535audio_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+				 const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_cs5535audio_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 static struct pci_driver cs5535audio_driver = {
 	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
 	.id_table = snd_cs5535audio_ids,
diff --git a/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio.c b/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio.c
index 25b012ef5c3e..c70c3ac4e99a 100644
--- a/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio.c
+++ b/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio.c
@@ -1970,8 +1970,8 @@ static int snd_echo_create(struct snd_card *card,
 }
 
 /* constructor */
-static int snd_echo_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-			  const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_echo_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -2139,6 +2139,11 @@ static int snd_echo_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_echo_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			  const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_echo_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
 
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_PM_SLEEP)
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1x.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1x.c
index c49c44dc1082..89043392f3ec 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1x.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1x.c
@@ -1491,8 +1491,8 @@ static int snd_emu10k1x_midi(struct emu10k1x *emu)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int snd_emu10k1x_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-			      const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_emu10k1x_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+				const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -1554,6 +1554,12 @@ static int snd_emu10k1x_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_emu10k1x_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			      const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_emu10k1x_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 // PCI IDs
 static const struct pci_device_id snd_emu10k1x_ids[] = {
 	{ PCI_VDEVICE(CREATIVE, 0x0006), 0 },	/* Dell OEM version (EMU10K1) */
diff --git a/sound/pci/ens1370.c b/sound/pci/ens1370.c
index 2651f0c64c06..94efe347a97a 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ens1370.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ens1370.c
@@ -2304,8 +2304,8 @@ static irqreturn_t snd_audiopci_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
 	return IRQ_HANDLED;
 }
 
-static int snd_audiopci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-			      const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_audiopci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+				const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -2369,6 +2369,12 @@ static int snd_audiopci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_audiopci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			      const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_audiopci_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 static struct pci_driver ens137x_driver = {
 	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
 	.id_table = snd_audiopci_ids,
diff --git a/sound/pci/es1938.c b/sound/pci/es1938.c
index 00b976f42a3d..e34ec6f89e7e 100644
--- a/sound/pci/es1938.c
+++ b/sound/pci/es1938.c
@@ -1716,8 +1716,8 @@ static int snd_es1938_mixer(struct es1938 *chip)
 }
        
 
-static int snd_es1938_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-			    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_es1938_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			      const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -1796,6 +1796,12 @@ static int snd_es1938_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_es1938_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_es1938_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 static struct pci_driver es1938_driver = {
 	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
 	.id_table = snd_es1938_ids,
diff --git a/sound/pci/es1968.c b/sound/pci/es1968.c
index 6a8a02a9ecf4..4a7e20bb11bc 100644
--- a/sound/pci/es1968.c
+++ b/sound/pci/es1968.c
@@ -2741,8 +2741,8 @@ static int snd_es1968_create(struct snd_card *card,
 
 /*
  */
-static int snd_es1968_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-			    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_es1968_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			      const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -2848,6 +2848,12 @@ static int snd_es1968_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_es1968_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_es1968_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 static struct pci_driver es1968_driver = {
 	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
 	.id_table = snd_es1968_ids,
diff --git a/sound/pci/fm801.c b/sound/pci/fm801.c
index 9c22ff19e56d..62b3cb126c6d 100644
--- a/sound/pci/fm801.c
+++ b/sound/pci/fm801.c
@@ -1268,8 +1268,8 @@ static int snd_fm801_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int snd_card_fm801_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-				const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_card_fm801_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+				  const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -1333,6 +1333,12 @@ static int snd_card_fm801_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_card_fm801_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+				const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_card_fm801_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
 static const unsigned char saved_regs[] = {
 	FM801_PCM_VOL, FM801_I2S_VOL, FM801_FM_VOL, FM801_REC_SRC,
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_realtek.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_realtek.c
index 4e12af24b4d3..62fbf3772b41 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_realtek.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_realtek.c
@@ -2619,6 +2619,7 @@ static const struct snd_pci_quirk alc882_fixup_tbl[] = {
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x65e1, "Clevo PB51[ED][DF]", ALC1220_FIXUP_CLEVO_PB51ED_PINS),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x65e5, "Clevo PC50D[PRS](?:-D|-G)?", ALC1220_FIXUP_CLEVO_PB51ED_PINS),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x65f1, "Clevo PC50HS", ALC1220_FIXUP_CLEVO_PB51ED_PINS),
+	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x65f5, "Clevo PD50PN[NRT]", ALC1220_FIXUP_CLEVO_PB51ED_PINS),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x67d1, "Clevo PB71[ER][CDF]", ALC1220_FIXUP_CLEVO_PB51ED_PINS),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x67e1, "Clevo PB71[DE][CDF]", ALC1220_FIXUP_CLEVO_PB51ED_PINS),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x67e5, "Clevo PC70D[PRS](?:-D|-G)?", ALC1220_FIXUP_CLEVO_PB51ED_PINS),
@@ -9264,6 +9265,7 @@ static const struct snd_pci_quirk alc269_fixup_tbl[] = {
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x17aa, 0x505d, "Thinkpad", ALC298_FIXUP_TPT470_DOCK),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x17aa, 0x505f, "Thinkpad", ALC298_FIXUP_TPT470_DOCK),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x17aa, 0x5062, "Thinkpad", ALC298_FIXUP_TPT470_DOCK),
+	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x17aa, 0x508b, "Thinkpad X12 Gen 1", ALC287_FIXUP_LEGION_15IMHG05_SPEAKERS),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x17aa, 0x5109, "Thinkpad", ALC269_FIXUP_LIMIT_INT_MIC_BOOST),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x17aa, 0x511e, "Thinkpad", ALC298_FIXUP_TPT470_DOCK),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x17aa, 0x511f, "Thinkpad", ALC298_FIXUP_TPT470_DOCK),
diff --git a/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1724.c b/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1724.c
index f6275868877a..6fab2ad85bbe 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1724.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1724.c
@@ -2519,8 +2519,8 @@ static int snd_vt1724_create(struct snd_card *card,
  *
  */
 
-static int snd_vt1724_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-			    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_vt1724_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			      const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -2662,6 +2662,12 @@ static int snd_vt1724_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_vt1724_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_vt1724_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
 static int snd_vt1724_suspend(struct device *dev)
 {
diff --git a/sound/pci/intel8x0.c b/sound/pci/intel8x0.c
index a51032b3ac4d..ae285c0a629c 100644
--- a/sound/pci/intel8x0.c
+++ b/sound/pci/intel8x0.c
@@ -3109,8 +3109,8 @@ static int check_default_spdif_aclink(struct pci_dev *pci)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int snd_intel8x0_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-			      const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_intel8x0_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+				const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	struct intel8x0 *chip;
@@ -3189,6 +3189,12 @@ static int snd_intel8x0_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_intel8x0_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			      const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_intel8x0_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 static struct pci_driver intel8x0_driver = {
 	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
 	.id_table = snd_intel8x0_ids,
diff --git a/sound/pci/intel8x0m.c b/sound/pci/intel8x0m.c
index 7de3cb2f17b5..2845cc006d0c 100644
--- a/sound/pci/intel8x0m.c
+++ b/sound/pci/intel8x0m.c
@@ -1178,8 +1178,8 @@ static struct shortname_table {
 	{ 0 },
 };
 
-static int snd_intel8x0m_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-			       const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_intel8x0m_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+				 const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	struct intel8x0m *chip;
@@ -1225,6 +1225,12 @@ static int snd_intel8x0m_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_intel8x0m_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			       const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_intel8x0m_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 static struct pci_driver intel8x0m_driver = {
 	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
 	.id_table = snd_intel8x0m_ids,
diff --git a/sound/pci/korg1212/korg1212.c b/sound/pci/korg1212/korg1212.c
index 5c9e240ff6a9..33b4f95d65b3 100644
--- a/sound/pci/korg1212/korg1212.c
+++ b/sound/pci/korg1212/korg1212.c
@@ -2355,7 +2355,7 @@ snd_korg1212_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	err = snd_korg1212_create(card, pci);
 	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
+		goto error;
 
 	strcpy(card->driver, "korg1212");
 	strcpy(card->shortname, "korg1212");
@@ -2366,10 +2366,14 @@ snd_korg1212_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	err = snd_card_register(card);
 	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
+		goto error;
 	pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
 	dev++;
 	return 0;
+
+ error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
 }
 
 static struct pci_driver korg1212_driver = {
diff --git a/sound/pci/lola/lola.c b/sound/pci/lola/lola.c
index 5269a1d396a5..1aa30e90b86a 100644
--- a/sound/pci/lola/lola.c
+++ b/sound/pci/lola/lola.c
@@ -637,8 +637,8 @@ static int lola_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci, int dev)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int lola_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-		      const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __lola_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -687,6 +687,12 @@ static int lola_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int lola_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+		      const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __lola_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 /* PCI IDs */
 static const struct pci_device_id lola_ids[] = {
 	{ PCI_VDEVICE(DIGIGRAM, 0x0001) },
diff --git a/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx6464es.c b/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx6464es.c
index 168a1084f730..bd9b6148dd6f 100644
--- a/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx6464es.c
+++ b/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx6464es.c
@@ -1019,7 +1019,7 @@ static int snd_lx6464es_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	err = snd_lx6464es_create(card, pci);
 	if (err < 0) {
 		dev_err(card->dev, "error during snd_lx6464es_create\n");
-		return err;
+		goto error;
 	}
 
 	strcpy(card->driver, "LX6464ES");
@@ -1036,12 +1036,16 @@ static int snd_lx6464es_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	err = snd_card_register(card);
 	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
+		goto error;
 
 	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "initialization successful\n");
 	pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
 	dev++;
 	return 0;
+
+ error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
 }
 
 static struct pci_driver lx6464es_driver = {
diff --git a/sound/pci/maestro3.c b/sound/pci/maestro3.c
index 056838ead21d..261850775c80 100644
--- a/sound/pci/maestro3.c
+++ b/sound/pci/maestro3.c
@@ -2637,7 +2637,7 @@ snd_m3_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
 /*
  */
 static int
-snd_m3_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+__snd_m3_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -2702,6 +2702,12 @@ snd_m3_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int
+snd_m3_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_m3_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 static struct pci_driver m3_driver = {
 	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
 	.id_table = snd_m3_ids,
diff --git a/sound/pci/nm256/nm256.c b/sound/pci/nm256/nm256.c
index c9c178504959..f99a1e96e923 100644
--- a/sound/pci/nm256/nm256.c
+++ b/sound/pci/nm256/nm256.c
@@ -1573,7 +1573,6 @@ snd_nm256_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci)
 	chip->coeffs_current = 0;
 
 	snd_nm256_init_chip(chip);
-	card->private_free = snd_nm256_free;
 
 	// pci_set_master(pci); /* needed? */
 	return 0;
@@ -1680,6 +1679,7 @@ static int snd_nm256_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	err = snd_card_register(card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
+	card->private_free = snd_nm256_free;
 
 	pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
 	return 0;
diff --git a/sound/pci/oxygen/oxygen_lib.c b/sound/pci/oxygen/oxygen_lib.c
index 4fb3f2484fdb..92ffe9dc20c5 100644
--- a/sound/pci/oxygen/oxygen_lib.c
+++ b/sound/pci/oxygen/oxygen_lib.c
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ static void oxygen_card_free(struct snd_card *card)
 	mutex_destroy(&chip->mutex);
 }
 
-int oxygen_pci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, int index, char *id,
+static int __oxygen_pci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, int index, char *id,
 		     struct module *owner,
 		     const struct pci_device_id *ids,
 		     int (*get_model)(struct oxygen *chip,
@@ -701,6 +701,16 @@ int oxygen_pci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, int index, char *id,
 	pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
 	return 0;
 }
+
+int oxygen_pci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, int index, char *id,
+		     struct module *owner,
+		     const struct pci_device_id *ids,
+		     int (*get_model)(struct oxygen *chip,
+				      const struct pci_device_id *id))
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev,
+				      __oxygen_pci_probe(pci, index, id, owner, ids, get_model));
+}
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(oxygen_pci_probe);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
diff --git a/sound/pci/riptide/riptide.c b/sound/pci/riptide/riptide.c
index 5a987c683c41..b37c877c2c16 100644
--- a/sound/pci/riptide/riptide.c
+++ b/sound/pci/riptide/riptide.c
@@ -2023,7 +2023,7 @@ static void snd_riptide_joystick_remove(struct pci_dev *pci)
 #endif
 
 static int
-snd_card_riptide_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+__snd_card_riptide_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -2124,6 +2124,12 @@ snd_card_riptide_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int
+snd_card_riptide_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_card_riptide_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 static struct pci_driver driver = {
 	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
 	.id_table = snd_riptide_ids,
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme32.c b/sound/pci/rme32.c
index 5b6bd9f0b2f7..9c0ac025e143 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme32.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme32.c
@@ -1875,7 +1875,7 @@ static void snd_rme32_card_free(struct snd_card *card)
 }
 
 static int
-snd_rme32_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+__snd_rme32_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct rme32 *rme32;
@@ -1927,6 +1927,12 @@ snd_rme32_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int
+snd_rme32_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_rme32_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 static struct pci_driver rme32_driver = {
 	.name =		KBUILD_MODNAME,
 	.id_table =	snd_rme32_ids,
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme96.c b/sound/pci/rme96.c
index 8fc811504920..bccb7e0d3d11 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme96.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme96.c
@@ -2430,8 +2430,8 @@ static void snd_rme96_card_free(struct snd_card *card)
 }
 
 static int
-snd_rme96_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-		const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+__snd_rme96_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+		  const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct rme96 *rme96;
@@ -2498,6 +2498,12 @@ snd_rme96_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_rme96_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			   const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_rme96_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 static struct pci_driver rme96_driver = {
 	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
 	.id_table = snd_rme96_ids,
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme9652/hdsp.c b/sound/pci/rme9652/hdsp.c
index 96c12dfb24cf..3db641318d3a 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme9652/hdsp.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme9652/hdsp.c
@@ -5444,17 +5444,21 @@ static int snd_hdsp_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	hdsp->pci = pci;
 	err = snd_hdsp_create(card, hdsp);
 	if (err)
-		return err;
+		goto error;
 
 	strcpy(card->shortname, "Hammerfall DSP");
 	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %d", hdsp->card_name,
 		hdsp->port, hdsp->irq);
 	err = snd_card_register(card);
 	if (err)
-		return err;
+		goto error;
 	pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
 	dev++;
 	return 0;
+
+ error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
 }
 
 static struct pci_driver hdsp_driver = {
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme9652/hdspm.c b/sound/pci/rme9652/hdspm.c
index ff06ee82607c..fa1812e7a49d 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme9652/hdspm.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme9652/hdspm.c
@@ -6895,7 +6895,7 @@ static int snd_hdspm_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	err = snd_hdspm_create(card, hdspm);
 	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
+		goto error;
 
 	if (hdspm->io_type != MADIface) {
 		snprintf(card->shortname, sizeof(card->shortname), "%s_%x",
@@ -6914,12 +6914,16 @@ static int snd_hdspm_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	err = snd_card_register(card);
 	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
+		goto error;
 
 	pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
 
 	dev++;
 	return 0;
+
+ error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
 }
 
 static struct pci_driver hdspm_driver = {
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme9652/rme9652.c b/sound/pci/rme9652/rme9652.c
index 7755e19aa776..1d614fe89a6a 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme9652/rme9652.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme9652/rme9652.c
@@ -2572,7 +2572,7 @@ static int snd_rme9652_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	rme9652->pci = pci;
 	err = snd_rme9652_create(card, rme9652, precise_ptr[dev]);
 	if (err)
-		return err;
+		goto error;
 
 	strcpy(card->shortname, rme9652->card_name);
 
@@ -2580,10 +2580,14 @@ static int snd_rme9652_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		card->shortname, rme9652->port, rme9652->irq);
 	err = snd_card_register(card);
 	if (err)
-		return err;
+		goto error;
 	pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
 	dev++;
 	return 0;
+
+ error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
 }
 
 static struct pci_driver rme9652_driver = {
diff --git a/sound/pci/sis7019.c b/sound/pci/sis7019.c
index 0b722b0e0604..fabe393607f8 100644
--- a/sound/pci/sis7019.c
+++ b/sound/pci/sis7019.c
@@ -1331,8 +1331,8 @@ static int sis_chip_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int snd_sis7019_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-			     const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_sis7019_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			       const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	struct sis7019 *sis;
@@ -1352,8 +1352,8 @@ static int snd_sis7019_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	if (!codecs)
 		codecs = SIS_PRIMARY_CODEC_PRESENT;
 
-	rc = snd_card_new(&pci->dev, index, id, THIS_MODULE,
-			  sizeof(*sis), &card);
+	rc = snd_devm_card_new(&pci->dev, index, id, THIS_MODULE,
+			       sizeof(*sis), &card);
 	if (rc < 0)
 		return rc;
 
@@ -1386,6 +1386,12 @@ static int snd_sis7019_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_sis7019_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			     const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_sis7019_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 static struct pci_driver sis7019_driver = {
 	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
 	.id_table = snd_sis7019_ids,
diff --git a/sound/pci/sonicvibes.c b/sound/pci/sonicvibes.c
index c8c49881008f..f91cbf6eeca0 100644
--- a/sound/pci/sonicvibes.c
+++ b/sound/pci/sonicvibes.c
@@ -1387,8 +1387,8 @@ static int snd_sonicvibes_midi(struct sonicvibes *sonic,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int snd_sonic_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-			   const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_sonic_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			     const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	static int dev;
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -1459,6 +1459,12 @@ static int snd_sonic_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_sonic_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			   const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_sonic_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 static struct pci_driver sonicvibes_driver = {
 	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
 	.id_table = snd_sonic_ids,
diff --git a/sound/pci/via82xx.c b/sound/pci/via82xx.c
index 65514f7e42d7..361b83fd721e 100644
--- a/sound/pci/via82xx.c
+++ b/sound/pci/via82xx.c
@@ -2458,8 +2458,8 @@ static int check_dxs_list(struct pci_dev *pci, int revision)
 	return VIA_DXS_48K;
 };
 
-static int snd_via82xx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-			     const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_via82xx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			       const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	struct via82xx *chip;
@@ -2569,6 +2569,12 @@ static int snd_via82xx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_via82xx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			     const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_via82xx_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 static struct pci_driver via82xx_driver = {
 	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
 	.id_table = snd_via82xx_ids,
diff --git a/sound/pci/via82xx_modem.c b/sound/pci/via82xx_modem.c
index 234f7fbed236..ca7f024bf8ec 100644
--- a/sound/pci/via82xx_modem.c
+++ b/sound/pci/via82xx_modem.c
@@ -1103,8 +1103,8 @@ static int snd_via82xx_create(struct snd_card *card,
 }
 
 
-static int snd_via82xx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
-			     const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+static int __snd_via82xx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			       const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	struct via82xx_modem *chip;
@@ -1157,6 +1157,12 @@ static int snd_via82xx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int snd_via82xx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			     const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_via82xx_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
 static struct pci_driver via82xx_modem_driver = {
 	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
 	.id_table = snd_via82xx_modem_ids,
diff --git a/sound/usb/pcm.c b/sound/usb/pcm.c
index cec6e91afea2..6d699065e81a 100644
--- a/sound/usb/pcm.c
+++ b/sound/usb/pcm.c
@@ -669,9 +669,9 @@ static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_usb_hardware =
 				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE,
 	.channels_min =		1,
 	.channels_max =		256,
-	.buffer_bytes_max =	1024 * 1024,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	INT_MAX, /* limited by BUFFER_TIME later */
 	.period_bytes_min =	64,
-	.period_bytes_max =	512 * 1024,
+	.period_bytes_max =	INT_MAX, /* limited by PERIOD_TIME later */
 	.periods_min =		2,
 	.periods_max =		1024,
 };
@@ -1064,6 +1064,18 @@ static int setup_hw_info(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime, struct snd_usb_substre
 			return err;
 	}
 
+	/* set max period and buffer sizes for 1 and 2 seconds, respectively */
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime,
+					   SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_TIME,
+					   0, 1000000);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime,
+					   SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_TIME,
+					   0, 2000000);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
 	/* additional hw constraints for implicit fb */
 	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
 				  hw_rule_format_implicit_fb, subs,
diff --git a/sound/usb/usbaudio.h b/sound/usb/usbaudio.h
index 167834133b9b..b8359a0aa008 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usbaudio.h
+++ b/sound/usb/usbaudio.h
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  */
 
 /* handling of USB vendor/product ID pairs as 32-bit numbers */
-#define USB_ID(vendor, product) (((vendor) << 16) | (product))
+#define USB_ID(vendor, product) (((unsigned int)(vendor) << 16) | (product))
 #define USB_ID_VENDOR(id) ((id) >> 16)
 #define USB_ID_PRODUCT(id) ((u16)(id))
 
diff --git a/sound/x86/intel_hdmi_audio.c b/sound/x86/intel_hdmi_audio.c
index b00634663346..0d828e35b401 100644
--- a/sound/x86/intel_hdmi_audio.c
+++ b/sound/x86/intel_hdmi_audio.c
@@ -1652,7 +1652,7 @@ static void hdmi_lpe_audio_free(struct snd_card *card)
  * This function is called when the i915 driver creates the
  * hdmi-lpe-audio platform device.
  */
-static int hdmi_lpe_audio_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
+static int __hdmi_lpe_audio_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	struct snd_intelhad_card *card_ctx;
@@ -1815,6 +1815,11 @@ static int hdmi_lpe_audio_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int hdmi_lpe_audio_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pdev->dev, __hdmi_lpe_audio_probe(pdev));
+}
+
 static const struct dev_pm_ops hdmi_lpe_audio_pm = {
 	SET_SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS(hdmi_lpe_audio_suspend, hdmi_lpe_audio_resume)
 };