25 files changed, 277 insertions, 465 deletions

diff --git a/sound/core/compress_offload.c b/sound/core/compress_offload.c
index 4b01a37c836e..26b5e245b074 100644
--- a/sound/core/compress_offload.c
+++ b/sound/core/compress_offload.c
@@ -1160,18 +1160,6 @@ int snd_compress_deregister(struct snd_compr *device)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_compress_deregister);
 
-static int __init snd_compress_init(void)
-{
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void __exit snd_compress_exit(void)
-{
-}
-
-module_init(snd_compress_init);
-module_exit(snd_compress_exit);
-
 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("ALSA Compressed offload framework");
 MODULE_AUTHOR("Vinod Koul <vinod.koul@linux.intel.com>");
 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
diff --git a/sound/core/memalloc.c b/sound/core/memalloc.c
index 7f89d3c79a4b..753d5fc4b284 100644
--- a/sound/core/memalloc.c
+++ b/sound/core/memalloc.c
@@ -242,16 +242,12 @@ int snd_dma_alloc_pages_fallback(int type, struct device *device, size_t size,
 	int err;
 
 	while ((err = snd_dma_alloc_pages(type, device, size, dmab)) < 0) {
-		size_t aligned_size;
 		if (err != -ENOMEM)
 			return err;
 		if (size <= PAGE_SIZE)
 			return -ENOMEM;
-		aligned_size = PAGE_SIZE << get_order(size);
-		if (size != aligned_size)
-			size = aligned_size;
-		else
-			size >>= 1;
+		size >>= 1;
+		size = PAGE_SIZE << get_order(size);
 	}
 	if (! dmab->area)
 		return -ENOMEM;
diff --git a/sound/core/oss/pcm_oss.c b/sound/core/oss/pcm_oss.c
index 905a53c1cde5..f8d4a419f3af 100644
--- a/sound/core/oss/pcm_oss.c
+++ b/sound/core/oss/pcm_oss.c
@@ -1851,7 +1851,7 @@ static int snd_pcm_oss_get_formats(struct snd_pcm_oss_file *pcm_oss_file)
 	format_mask = hw_param_mask_c(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT);
 	for (fmt = 0; fmt < 32; ++fmt) {
 		if (snd_mask_test(format_mask, fmt)) {
-			int f = snd_pcm_oss_format_to(fmt);
+			int f = snd_pcm_oss_format_to((__force snd_pcm_format_t)fmt);
 			if (f >= 0)
 				formats |= f;
 		}
diff --git a/sound/core/oss/pcm_plugin.c b/sound/core/oss/pcm_plugin.c
index 85a56af104bd..0391cb1a4f19 100644
--- a/sound/core/oss/pcm_plugin.c
+++ b/sound/core/oss/pcm_plugin.c
@@ -281,10 +281,10 @@ static int snd_pcm_plug_formats(const struct snd_mask *mask,
 		       SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U32_BE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_BE);
 	snd_mask_set(&formats, (__force int)SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_MU_LAW);
 	
-	if (formats.bits[0] & (u32)linfmts)
-		formats.bits[0] |= (u32)linfmts;
-	if (formats.bits[1] & (u32)(linfmts >> 32))
-		formats.bits[1] |= (u32)(linfmts >> 32);
+	if (formats.bits[0] & lower_32_bits(linfmts))
+		formats.bits[0] |= lower_32_bits(linfmts);
+	if (formats.bits[1] & upper_32_bits(linfmts))
+		formats.bits[1] |= upper_32_bits(linfmts);
 	return snd_mask_test(&formats, (__force int)format);
 }
 
@@ -353,6 +353,7 @@ snd_pcm_format_t snd_pcm_plug_slave_format(snd_pcm_format_t format,
 				if (snd_mask_test(format_mask, (__force int)format1))
 					return format1;
 			}
+			/* fall through */
 		default:
 			return (__force snd_pcm_format_t)-EINVAL;
 		}
diff --git a/sound/core/pcm.c b/sound/core/pcm.c
index c352bfb973cc..fdb9b92fc8d6 100644
--- a/sound/core/pcm.c
+++ b/sound/core/pcm.c
@@ -492,13 +492,8 @@ static void snd_pcm_xrun_injection_write(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
 					 struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream = entry->private_data;
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
 
-	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
-	runtime = substream->runtime;
-	if (runtime && runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING)
-		snd_pcm_stop(substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN);
-	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+	snd_pcm_stop_xrun(substream);
 }
 
 static void snd_pcm_xrun_debug_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
diff --git a/sound/core/pcm_lib.c b/sound/core/pcm_lib.c
index 44b5ae833082..4e6110d778bd 100644
--- a/sound/core/pcm_lib.c
+++ b/sound/core/pcm_lib.c
@@ -153,7 +153,8 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_debug_name);
 			dump_stack();				\
 	} while (0)
 
-static void xrun(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+/* call with stream lock held */
+void __snd_pcm_xrun(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 
@@ -201,7 +202,7 @@ int snd_pcm_update_state(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 		}
 	} else {
 		if (avail >= runtime->stop_threshold) {
-			xrun(substream);
+			__snd_pcm_xrun(substream);
 			return -EPIPE;
 		}
 	}
@@ -297,7 +298,7 @@ static int snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr0(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	}
 
 	if (pos == SNDRV_PCM_POS_XRUN) {
-		xrun(substream);
+		__snd_pcm_xrun(substream);
 		return -EPIPE;
 	}
 	if (pos >= runtime->buffer_size) {
@@ -626,27 +627,33 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_interval_refine);
 
 static int snd_interval_refine_first(struct snd_interval *i)
 {
+	const unsigned int last_max = i->max;
+
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(snd_interval_empty(i)))
 		return -EINVAL;
 	if (snd_interval_single(i))
 		return 0;
 	i->max = i->min;
-	i->openmax = i->openmin;
-	if (i->openmax)
+	if (i->openmin)
 		i->max++;
+	/* only exclude max value if also excluded before refine */
+	i->openmax = (i->openmax && i->max >= last_max);
 	return 1;
 }
 
 static int snd_interval_refine_last(struct snd_interval *i)
 {
+	const unsigned int last_min = i->min;
+
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(snd_interval_empty(i)))
 		return -EINVAL;
 	if (snd_interval_single(i))
 		return 0;
 	i->min = i->max;
-	i->openmin = i->openmax;
-	if (i->openmin)
+	if (i->openmax)
 		i->min--;
+	/* only exclude min value if also excluded before refine */
+	i->openmin = (i->openmin && i->min <= last_min);
 	return 1;
 }
 
@@ -1832,12 +1839,19 @@ static int wait_for_avail(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	if (runtime->no_period_wakeup)
 		wait_time = MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT;
 	else {
-		wait_time = 10;
-		if (runtime->rate) {
-			long t = runtime->period_size * 2 / runtime->rate;
-			wait_time = max(t, wait_time);
+		/* use wait time from substream if available */
+		if (substream->wait_time) {
+			wait_time = substream->wait_time;
+		} else {
+			wait_time = 10;
+
+			if (runtime->rate) {
+				long t = runtime->period_size * 2 /
+					 runtime->rate;
+				wait_time = max(t, wait_time);
+			}
+			wait_time = msecs_to_jiffies(wait_time * 1000);
 		}
-		wait_time = msecs_to_jiffies(wait_time * 1000);
 	}
 
 	for (;;) {
diff --git a/sound/core/pcm_local.h b/sound/core/pcm_local.h
index 7a499d02df6c..c515612969a4 100644
--- a/sound/core/pcm_local.h
+++ b/sound/core/pcm_local.h
@@ -65,4 +65,6 @@ static inline void snd_pcm_timer_init(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream) {}
 static inline void snd_pcm_timer_done(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream) {}
 #endif
 
+void __snd_pcm_xrun(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream);
+
 #endif	/* __SOUND_CORE_PCM_LOCAL_H */
diff --git a/sound/core/pcm_native.c b/sound/core/pcm_native.c
index cecc79772c94..66c90f486af9 100644
--- a/sound/core/pcm_native.c
+++ b/sound/core/pcm_native.c
@@ -1337,13 +1337,12 @@ int snd_pcm_drain_done(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 int snd_pcm_stop_xrun(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
 	unsigned long flags;
-	int ret = 0;
 
 	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irqsave(substream, flags);
-	if (snd_pcm_running(substream))
-		ret = snd_pcm_stop(substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN);
+	if (substream->runtime && snd_pcm_running(substream))
+		__snd_pcm_xrun(substream);
 	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irqrestore(substream, flags);
-	return ret;
+	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_pcm_stop_xrun);
 
@@ -1591,7 +1590,8 @@ static int snd_pcm_xrun(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 		result = 0;	/* already there */
 		break;
 	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING:
-		result = snd_pcm_stop(substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN);
+		__snd_pcm_xrun(substream);
+		result = 0;
 		break;
 	default:
 		result = -EBADFD;
diff --git a/sound/core/rawmidi.c b/sound/core/rawmidi.c
index b53026a72e73..69517e18ef07 100644
--- a/sound/core/rawmidi.c
+++ b/sound/core/rawmidi.c
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <sound/rawmidi.h>
 #include <sound/info.h>
 #include <sound/control.h>
@@ -88,6 +89,7 @@ static inline unsigned short snd_rawmidi_file_flags(struct file *file)
 static inline int snd_rawmidi_ready(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+
 	return runtime->avail >= runtime->avail_min;
 }
 
@@ -95,6 +97,7 @@ static inline int snd_rawmidi_ready_append(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substre
 					   size_t count)
 {
 	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+
 	return runtime->avail >= runtime->avail_min &&
 	       (!substream->append || runtime->avail >= count);
 }
@@ -103,6 +106,7 @@ static void snd_rawmidi_input_event_work(struct work_struct *work)
 {
 	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime =
 		container_of(work, struct snd_rawmidi_runtime, event_work);
+
 	if (runtime->event)
 		runtime->event(runtime->substream);
 }
@@ -111,7 +115,8 @@ static int snd_rawmidi_runtime_create(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime;
 
-	if ((runtime = kzalloc(sizeof(*runtime), GFP_KERNEL)) == NULL)
+	runtime = kzalloc(sizeof(*runtime), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!runtime)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	runtime->substream = substream;
 	spin_lock_init(&runtime->lock);
@@ -124,7 +129,8 @@ static int snd_rawmidi_runtime_create(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 		runtime->avail = 0;
 	else
 		runtime->avail = runtime->buffer_size;
-	if ((runtime->buffer = kmalloc(runtime->buffer_size, GFP_KERNEL)) == NULL) {
+	runtime->buffer = kvmalloc(runtime->buffer_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!runtime->buffer) {
 		kfree(runtime);
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
@@ -137,13 +143,13 @@ static int snd_rawmidi_runtime_free(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 
-	kfree(runtime->buffer);
+	kvfree(runtime->buffer);
 	kfree(runtime);
 	substream->runtime = NULL;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static inline void snd_rawmidi_output_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,int up)
+static inline void snd_rawmidi_output_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int up)
 {
 	if (!substream->opened)
 		return;
@@ -159,17 +165,28 @@ static void snd_rawmidi_input_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, i
 		cancel_work_sync(&substream->runtime->event_work);
 }
 
-int snd_rawmidi_drop_output(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+static void __reset_runtime_ptrs(struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime,
+				 bool is_input)
+{
+	runtime->drain = 0;
+	runtime->appl_ptr = runtime->hw_ptr = 0;
+	runtime->avail = is_input ? 0 : runtime->buffer_size;
+}
+
+static void reset_runtime_ptrs(struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime,
+			       bool is_input)
 {
 	unsigned long flags;
-	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 
-	snd_rawmidi_output_trigger(substream, 0);
-	runtime->drain = 0;
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&runtime->lock, flags);
-	runtime->appl_ptr = runtime->hw_ptr = 0;
-	runtime->avail = runtime->buffer_size;
+	__reset_runtime_ptrs(runtime, is_input);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&runtime->lock, flags);
+}
+
+int snd_rawmidi_drop_output(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	snd_rawmidi_output_trigger(substream, 0);
+	reset_runtime_ptrs(substream->runtime, false);
 	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_drop_output);
@@ -208,15 +225,8 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_drain_output);
 
 int snd_rawmidi_drain_input(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 {
-	unsigned long flags;
-	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-
 	snd_rawmidi_input_trigger(substream, 0);
-	runtime->drain = 0;
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&runtime->lock, flags);
-	runtime->appl_ptr = runtime->hw_ptr = 0;
-	runtime->avail = 0;
-	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&runtime->lock, flags);
+	reset_runtime_ptrs(substream->runtime, true);
 	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_drain_input);
@@ -330,25 +340,23 @@ static int rawmidi_open_priv(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi, int subdevice, int mode,
 
 /* called from sound/core/seq/seq_midi.c */
 int snd_rawmidi_kernel_open(struct snd_card *card, int device, int subdevice,
-			    int mode, struct snd_rawmidi_file * rfile)
+			    int mode, struct snd_rawmidi_file *rfile)
 {
 	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
-	int err;
+	int err = 0;
 
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(!rfile))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
 	rmidi = snd_rawmidi_search(card, device);
-	if (rmidi == NULL) {
-		mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
-		return -ENODEV;
-	}
-	if (!try_module_get(rmidi->card->module)) {
-		mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
-		return -ENXIO;
-	}
+	if (!rmidi)
+		err = -ENODEV;
+	else if (!try_module_get(rmidi->card->module))
+		err = -ENXIO;
 	mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 
 	mutex_lock(&rmidi->open_mutex);
 	err = rawmidi_open_priv(rmidi, subdevice, mode, rfile);
@@ -370,7 +378,7 @@ static int snd_rawmidi_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	struct snd_rawmidi_file *rawmidi_file = NULL;
 	wait_queue_entry_t wait;
 
-	if ((file->f_flags & O_APPEND) && !(file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)) 
+	if ((file->f_flags & O_APPEND) && !(file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK))
 		return -EINVAL;		/* invalid combination */
 
 	err = nonseekable_open(inode, file);
@@ -520,7 +528,7 @@ int snd_rawmidi_kernel_release(struct snd_rawmidi_file *rfile)
 
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(!rfile))
 		return -ENXIO;
-	
+
 	rmidi = rfile->rmidi;
 	rawmidi_release_priv(rfile);
 	module_put(rmidi->card->module);
@@ -548,7 +556,7 @@ static int snd_rawmidi_info(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
 			    struct snd_rawmidi_info *info)
 {
 	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
-	
+
 	if (substream == NULL)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	rmidi = substream->rmidi;
@@ -568,11 +576,13 @@ static int snd_rawmidi_info(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
 }
 
 static int snd_rawmidi_info_user(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
-				 struct snd_rawmidi_info __user * _info)
+				 struct snd_rawmidi_info __user *_info)
 {
 	struct snd_rawmidi_info info;
 	int err;
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_info(substream, &info)) < 0)
+
+	err = snd_rawmidi_info(substream, &info);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	if (copy_to_user(_info, &info, sizeof(struct snd_rawmidi_info)))
 		return -EFAULT;
@@ -619,85 +629,68 @@ static int snd_rawmidi_info_select_user(struct snd_card *card,
 {
 	int err;
 	struct snd_rawmidi_info info;
+
 	if (get_user(info.device, &_info->device))
 		return -EFAULT;
 	if (get_user(info.stream, &_info->stream))
 		return -EFAULT;
 	if (get_user(info.subdevice, &_info->subdevice))
 		return -EFAULT;
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_info_select(card, &info)) < 0)
+	err = snd_rawmidi_info_select(card, &info);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	if (copy_to_user(_info, &info, sizeof(struct snd_rawmidi_info)))
 		return -EFAULT;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int snd_rawmidi_output_params(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
-			      struct snd_rawmidi_params * params)
+static int resize_runtime_buffer(struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime,
+				 struct snd_rawmidi_params *params,
+				 bool is_input)
 {
 	char *newbuf, *oldbuf;
-	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	
-	if (substream->append && substream->use_count > 1)
-		return -EBUSY;
-	snd_rawmidi_drain_output(substream);
-	if (params->buffer_size < 32 || params->buffer_size > 1024L * 1024L) {
+
+	if (params->buffer_size < 32 || params->buffer_size > 1024L * 1024L)
 		return -EINVAL;
-	}
-	if (params->avail_min < 1 || params->avail_min > params->buffer_size) {
+	if (params->avail_min < 1 || params->avail_min > params->buffer_size)
 		return -EINVAL;
-	}
 	if (params->buffer_size != runtime->buffer_size) {
-		newbuf = kmalloc(params->buffer_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+		newbuf = kvmalloc(params->buffer_size, GFP_KERNEL);
 		if (!newbuf)
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		spin_lock_irq(&runtime->lock);
 		oldbuf = runtime->buffer;
 		runtime->buffer = newbuf;
 		runtime->buffer_size = params->buffer_size;
-		runtime->avail = runtime->buffer_size;
-		runtime->appl_ptr = runtime->hw_ptr = 0;
+		__reset_runtime_ptrs(runtime, is_input);
 		spin_unlock_irq(&runtime->lock);
-		kfree(oldbuf);
+		kvfree(oldbuf);
 	}
 	runtime->avail_min = params->avail_min;
-	substream->active_sensing = !params->no_active_sensing;
 	return 0;
 }
+
+int snd_rawmidi_output_params(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+			      struct snd_rawmidi_params *params)
+{
+	if (substream->append && substream->use_count > 1)
+		return -EBUSY;
+	snd_rawmidi_drain_output(substream);
+	substream->active_sensing = !params->no_active_sensing;
+	return resize_runtime_buffer(substream->runtime, params, false);
+}
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_output_params);
 
 int snd_rawmidi_input_params(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
-			     struct snd_rawmidi_params * params)
+			     struct snd_rawmidi_params *params)
 {
-	char *newbuf, *oldbuf;
-	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-
 	snd_rawmidi_drain_input(substream);
-	if (params->buffer_size < 32 || params->buffer_size > 1024L * 1024L) {
-		return -EINVAL;
-	}
-	if (params->avail_min < 1 || params->avail_min > params->buffer_size) {
-		return -EINVAL;
-	}
-	if (params->buffer_size != runtime->buffer_size) {
-		newbuf = kmalloc(params->buffer_size, GFP_KERNEL);
-		if (!newbuf)
-			return -ENOMEM;
-		spin_lock_irq(&runtime->lock);
-		oldbuf = runtime->buffer;
-		runtime->buffer = newbuf;
-		runtime->buffer_size = params->buffer_size;
-		runtime->appl_ptr = runtime->hw_ptr = 0;
-		spin_unlock_irq(&runtime->lock);
-		kfree(oldbuf);
-	}
-	runtime->avail_min = params->avail_min;
-	return 0;
+	return resize_runtime_buffer(substream->runtime, params, true);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_input_params);
 
 static int snd_rawmidi_output_status(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
-				     struct snd_rawmidi_status * status)
+				     struct snd_rawmidi_status *status)
 {
 	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 
@@ -710,7 +703,7 @@ static int snd_rawmidi_output_status(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
 }
 
 static int snd_rawmidi_input_status(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
-				    struct snd_rawmidi_status * status)
+				    struct snd_rawmidi_status *status)
 {
 	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 
@@ -739,6 +732,7 @@ static long snd_rawmidi_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long
 	{
 		int stream;
 		struct snd_rawmidi_info __user *info = argp;
+
 		if (get_user(stream, &info->stream))
 			return -EFAULT;
 		switch (stream) {
@@ -753,6 +747,7 @@ static long snd_rawmidi_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long
 	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_IOCTL_PARAMS:
 	{
 		struct snd_rawmidi_params params;
+
 		if (copy_from_user(&params, argp, sizeof(struct snd_rawmidi_params)))
 			return -EFAULT;
 		switch (params.stream) {
@@ -772,6 +767,7 @@ static long snd_rawmidi_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long
 	{
 		int err = 0;
 		struct snd_rawmidi_status status;
+
 		if (copy_from_user(&status, argp, sizeof(struct snd_rawmidi_status)))
 			return -EFAULT;
 		switch (status.stream) {
@@ -797,6 +793,7 @@ static long snd_rawmidi_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long
 	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_IOCTL_DROP:
 	{
 		int val;
+
 		if (get_user(val, (int __user *) argp))
 			return -EFAULT;
 		switch (val) {
@@ -811,6 +808,7 @@ static long snd_rawmidi_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long
 	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_IOCTL_DRAIN:
 	{
 		int val;
+
 		if (get_user(val, (int __user *) argp))
 			return -EFAULT;
 		switch (val) {
@@ -844,7 +842,7 @@ static int snd_rawmidi_control_ioctl(struct snd_card *card,
 	case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_RAWMIDI_NEXT_DEVICE:
 	{
 		int device;
-		
+
 		if (get_user(device, (int __user *)argp))
 			return -EFAULT;
 		if (device >= SNDRV_RAWMIDI_DEVICES) /* next device is -1 */
@@ -866,7 +864,7 @@ static int snd_rawmidi_control_ioctl(struct snd_card *card,
 	case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_RAWMIDI_PREFER_SUBDEVICE:
 	{
 		int val;
-		
+
 		if (get_user(val, (int __user *)argp))
 			return -EFAULT;
 		control->preferred_subdevice[SND_CTL_SUBDEV_RAWMIDI] = val;
@@ -1020,6 +1018,7 @@ static ssize_t snd_rawmidi_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t coun
 		spin_lock_irq(&runtime->lock);
 		while (!snd_rawmidi_ready(substream)) {
 			wait_queue_entry_t wait;
+
 			if ((file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) != 0 || result > 0) {
 				spin_unlock_irq(&runtime->lock);
 				return result > 0 ? result : -EAGAIN;
@@ -1072,7 +1071,7 @@ int snd_rawmidi_transmit_empty(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&runtime->lock, flags);
 	result = runtime->avail >= runtime->buffer_size;
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&runtime->lock, flags);
-	return result;		
+	return result;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_transmit_empty);
 
@@ -1210,7 +1209,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack);
  * @substream: the rawmidi substream
  * @buffer: the buffer pointer
  * @count: the data size to transfer
- * 
+ *
  * Copies data from the buffer to the device and advances the pointer.
  *
  * Return: The copied size if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
@@ -1324,6 +1323,7 @@ static ssize_t snd_rawmidi_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
 		spin_lock_irq(&runtime->lock);
 		while (!snd_rawmidi_ready_append(substream, count)) {
 			wait_queue_entry_t wait;
+
 			if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
 				spin_unlock_irq(&runtime->lock);
 				return result > 0 ? result : -EAGAIN;
@@ -1357,6 +1357,7 @@ static ssize_t snd_rawmidi_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
 		while (runtime->avail != runtime->buffer_size) {
 			wait_queue_entry_t wait;
 			unsigned int last_avail = runtime->avail;
+
 			init_waitqueue_entry(&wait, current);
 			add_wait_queue(&runtime->sleep, &wait);
 			set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
@@ -1374,7 +1375,7 @@ static ssize_t snd_rawmidi_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
 	return result;
 }
 
-static __poll_t snd_rawmidi_poll(struct file *file, poll_table * wait)
+static __poll_t snd_rawmidi_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
 {
 	struct snd_rawmidi_file *rfile;
 	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime;
@@ -1411,7 +1412,6 @@ static __poll_t snd_rawmidi_poll(struct file *file, poll_table * wait)
 #endif
 
 /*
-
  */
 
 static void snd_rawmidi_proc_info_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
@@ -1479,8 +1479,7 @@ static void snd_rawmidi_proc_info_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
  *  Register functions
  */
 
-static const struct file_operations snd_rawmidi_f_ops =
-{
+static const struct file_operations snd_rawmidi_f_ops = {
 	.owner =	THIS_MODULE,
 	.read =		snd_rawmidi_read,
 	.write =	snd_rawmidi_write,
@@ -1535,7 +1534,7 @@ static void release_rawmidi_device(struct device *dev)
  */
 int snd_rawmidi_new(struct snd_card *card, char *id, int device,
 		    int output_count, int input_count,
-		    struct snd_rawmidi ** rrawmidi)
+		    struct snd_rawmidi **rrawmidi)
 {
 	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
 	int err;
@@ -1566,27 +1565,29 @@ int snd_rawmidi_new(struct snd_card *card, char *id, int device,
 	rmidi->dev.release = release_rawmidi_device;
 	dev_set_name(&rmidi->dev, "midiC%iD%i", card->number, device);
 
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_alloc_substreams(rmidi,
-						&rmidi->streams[SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT],
-						SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT,
-						input_count)) < 0) {
-		snd_rawmidi_free(rmidi);
-		return err;
-	}
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_alloc_substreams(rmidi,
-						&rmidi->streams[SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT],
-						SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT,
-						output_count)) < 0) {
-		snd_rawmidi_free(rmidi);
-		return err;
-	}
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_RAWMIDI, rmidi, &ops)) < 0) {
-		snd_rawmidi_free(rmidi);
-		return err;
-	}
+	err = snd_rawmidi_alloc_substreams(rmidi,
+					   &rmidi->streams[SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT],
+					   SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT,
+					   input_count);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+	err = snd_rawmidi_alloc_substreams(rmidi,
+					   &rmidi->streams[SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT],
+					   SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT,
+					   output_count);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_RAWMIDI, rmidi, &ops);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+
 	if (rrawmidi)
 		*rrawmidi = rmidi;
 	return 0;
+
+ error:
+	snd_rawmidi_free(rmidi);
+	return err;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_new);
 
@@ -1624,6 +1625,7 @@ static int snd_rawmidi_free(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi)
 static int snd_rawmidi_dev_free(struct snd_device *device)
 {
 	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi = device->device_data;
+
 	return snd_rawmidi_free(rmidi);
 }
 
@@ -1631,6 +1633,7 @@ static int snd_rawmidi_dev_free(struct snd_device *device)
 static void snd_rawmidi_dev_seq_free(struct snd_seq_device *device)
 {
 	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi = device->private_data;
+
 	rmidi->seq_dev = NULL;
 }
 #endif
@@ -1644,30 +1647,27 @@ static int snd_rawmidi_dev_register(struct snd_device *device)
 
 	if (rmidi->device >= SNDRV_RAWMIDI_DEVICES)
 		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = 0;
 	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
-	if (snd_rawmidi_search(rmidi->card, rmidi->device)) {
-		mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
-		return -EBUSY;
-	}
-	list_add_tail(&rmidi->list, &snd_rawmidi_devices);
+	if (snd_rawmidi_search(rmidi->card, rmidi->device))
+		err = -EBUSY;
+	else
+		list_add_tail(&rmidi->list, &snd_rawmidi_devices);
 	mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
 	err = snd_register_device(SNDRV_DEVICE_TYPE_RAWMIDI,
 				  rmidi->card, rmidi->device,
 				  &snd_rawmidi_f_ops, rmidi, &rmidi->dev);
 	if (err < 0) {
 		rmidi_err(rmidi, "unable to register\n");
-		mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
-		list_del(&rmidi->list);
-		mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
-		return err;
+		goto error;
 	}
-	if (rmidi->ops && rmidi->ops->dev_register &&
-	    (err = rmidi->ops->dev_register(rmidi)) < 0) {
-		snd_unregister_device(&rmidi->dev);
-		mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
-		list_del(&rmidi->list);
-		mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
-		return err;
+	if (rmidi->ops && rmidi->ops->dev_register) {
+		err = rmidi->ops->dev_register(rmidi);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto error_unregister;
 	}
 #ifdef CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL
 	rmidi->ossreg = 0;
@@ -1719,6 +1719,14 @@ static int snd_rawmidi_dev_register(struct snd_device *device)
 	}
 #endif
 	return 0;
+
+ error_unregister:
+	snd_unregister_device(&rmidi->dev);
+ error:
+	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
+	list_del(&rmidi->list);
+	mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
+	return err;
 }
 
 static int snd_rawmidi_dev_disconnect(struct snd_device *device)
@@ -1732,6 +1740,7 @@ static int snd_rawmidi_dev_disconnect(struct snd_device *device)
 	list_del_init(&rmidi->list);
 	for (dir = 0; dir < 2; dir++) {
 		struct snd_rawmidi_substream *s;
+
 		list_for_each_entry(s, &rmidi->streams[dir].substreams, list) {
 			if (s->runtime)
 				wake_up(&s->runtime->sleep);
@@ -1769,7 +1778,7 @@ void snd_rawmidi_set_ops(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi, int stream,
 			 const struct snd_rawmidi_ops *ops)
 {
 	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;
-	
+
 	list_for_each_entry(substream, &rmidi->streams[stream].substreams, list)
 		substream->ops = ops;
 }
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss.c b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss.c
index 5f64d0d88320..e1f44fc86885 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss.c
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ odev_poll(struct file *file, poll_table * wait)
 	struct seq_oss_devinfo *dp;
 	dp = file->private_data;
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(!dp))
-		return -ENXIO;
+		return EPOLLERR;
 	return snd_seq_oss_poll(dp, file, wait);
 }
 
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_midi.c b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_midi.c
index 9debd1b8fd28..0d5f8b16d057 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_midi.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_midi.c
@@ -637,7 +637,7 @@ snd_seq_oss_midi_putc(struct seq_oss_devinfo *dp, int dev, unsigned char c, stru
 
 	if ((mdev = get_mididev(dp, dev)) == NULL)
 		return -ENODEV;
-	if (snd_midi_event_encode_byte(mdev->coder, c, ev) > 0) {
+	if (snd_midi_event_encode_byte(mdev->coder, c, ev)) {
 		snd_seq_oss_fill_addr(dp, ev, mdev->client, mdev->port);
 		snd_use_lock_free(&mdev->use_lock);
 		return 0;
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_timer.c b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_timer.c
index 4f24ea9fad93..ba127c22539a 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_timer.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_timer.c
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ snd_seq_oss_process_timer_event(struct seq_oss_timer *rec, union evrec *ev)
 		case TMR_WAIT_REL:
 			parm += rec->cur_tick;
 			rec->realtime = 0;
-			/* continue to next */
+			/* fall through and continue to next */
 		case TMR_WAIT_ABS:
 			if (parm == 0) {
 				rec->realtime = 1;
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq.c b/sound/core/seq/seq.c
index 639544b4fb04..7de98d71f2aa 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq.c
@@ -84,30 +84,32 @@ static int __init alsa_seq_init(void)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = client_init_data()) < 0)
-		goto error;
-
-	/* init memory, room for selected events */
-	if ((err = snd_sequencer_memory_init()) < 0)
-		goto error;
-
-	/* init event queues */
-	if ((err = snd_seq_queues_init()) < 0)
+	err = client_init_data();
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
 	/* register sequencer device */
-	if ((err = snd_sequencer_device_init()) < 0)
+	err = snd_sequencer_device_init();
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
 	/* register proc interface */
-	if ((err = snd_seq_info_init()) < 0)
-		goto error;
+	err = snd_seq_info_init();
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error_device;
 
 	/* register our internal client */
-	if ((err = snd_seq_system_client_init()) < 0)
-		goto error;
+	err = snd_seq_system_client_init();
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error_info;
 
 	snd_seq_autoload_init();
+	return 0;
+
+ error_info:
+	snd_seq_info_done();
+ error_device:
+	snd_sequencer_device_done();
  error:
 	return err;
 }
@@ -126,9 +128,6 @@ static void __exit alsa_seq_exit(void)
 	/* unregister sequencer device */
 	snd_sequencer_device_done();
 
-	/* release event memory */
-	snd_sequencer_memory_done();
-
 	snd_seq_autoload_exit();
 }
 
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_clientmgr.c b/sound/core/seq/seq_clientmgr.c
index 56ca78423040..92e6524a3a9d 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_clientmgr.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_clientmgr.c
@@ -311,10 +311,9 @@ static int snd_seq_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&register_mutex))
-		return -ERESTARTSYS;
+	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
 	client = seq_create_client1(-1, SNDRV_SEQ_DEFAULT_EVENTS);
-	if (client == NULL) {
+	if (!client) {
 		mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
 		return -ENOMEM;	/* failure code */
 	}
@@ -1101,7 +1100,7 @@ static __poll_t snd_seq_poll(struct file *file, poll_table * wait)
 
 	/* check client structures are in place */
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(!client))
-		return -ENXIO;
+		return EPOLLERR;
 
 	if ((snd_seq_file_flags(file) & SNDRV_SEQ_LFLG_INPUT) &&
 	    client->data.user.fifo) {
@@ -1704,10 +1703,7 @@ static int snd_seq_ioctl_get_queue_timer(struct snd_seq_client *client,
 	if (queue == NULL)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&queue->timer_mutex)) {
-		queuefree(queue);
-		return -ERESTARTSYS;
-	}
+	mutex_lock(&queue->timer_mutex);
 	tmr = queue->timer;
 	memset(timer, 0, sizeof(*timer));
 	timer->queue = queue->queue;
@@ -1741,10 +1737,7 @@ static int snd_seq_ioctl_set_queue_timer(struct snd_seq_client *client,
 		q = queueptr(timer->queue);
 		if (q == NULL)
 			return -ENXIO;
-		if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&q->timer_mutex)) {
-			queuefree(q);
-			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		}
+		mutex_lock(&q->timer_mutex);
 		tmr = q->timer;
 		snd_seq_queue_timer_close(timer->queue);
 		tmr->type = timer->type;
@@ -2180,8 +2173,7 @@ int snd_seq_create_kernel_client(struct snd_card *card, int client_index,
 	if (card == NULL && client_index >= SNDRV_SEQ_GLOBAL_CLIENTS)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&register_mutex))
-		return -ERESTARTSYS;
+	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
 
 	if (card) {
 		client_index += SNDRV_SEQ_GLOBAL_CLIENTS
@@ -2522,19 +2514,15 @@ int __init snd_sequencer_device_init(void)
 	snd_device_initialize(&seq_dev, NULL);
 	dev_set_name(&seq_dev, "seq");
 
-	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&register_mutex))
-		return -ERESTARTSYS;
-
+	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
 	err = snd_register_device(SNDRV_DEVICE_TYPE_SEQUENCER, NULL, 0,
 				  &snd_seq_f_ops, NULL, &seq_dev);
+	mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
 	if (err < 0) {
-		mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
 		put_device(&seq_dev);
 		return err;
 	}
 	
-	mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
-
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2543,7 +2531,7 @@ int __init snd_sequencer_device_init(void)
 /* 
  * unregister sequencer device 
  */
-void __exit snd_sequencer_device_done(void)
+void snd_sequencer_device_done(void)
 {
 	snd_unregister_device(&seq_dev);
 	put_device(&seq_dev);
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_info.c b/sound/core/seq/seq_info.c
index 97015447b9b3..b27fedd435b6 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_info.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_info.c
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ create_info_entry(char *name, void (*read)(struct snd_info_entry *,
 	return entry;
 }
 
-static void free_info_entries(void)
+void snd_seq_info_done(void)
 {
 	snd_info_free_entry(queues_entry);
 	snd_info_free_entry(clients_entry);
@@ -70,12 +70,6 @@ int __init snd_seq_info_init(void)
 	return 0;
 
  error:
-	free_info_entries();
+	snd_seq_info_done();
 	return -ENOMEM;
 }
-
-int __exit snd_seq_info_done(void)
-{
-	free_info_entries();
-	return 0;
-}
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_info.h b/sound/core/seq/seq_info.h
index f8549f81a645..2cdf8f6e63f5 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_info.h
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_info.h
@@ -30,11 +30,11 @@ void snd_seq_info_queues_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry, struct snd_info_buff
 
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_SND_PROC_FS
-int snd_seq_info_init( void );
-int snd_seq_info_done( void );
+int snd_seq_info_init(void);
+void snd_seq_info_done(void);
 #else
 static inline int snd_seq_info_init(void) { return 0; }
-static inline int snd_seq_info_done(void) { return 0; }
+static inline void snd_seq_info_done(void) {}
 #endif
 
 #endif
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_memory.c b/sound/core/seq/seq_memory.c
index a4c8543176b2..5b0388202bac 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_memory.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_memory.c
@@ -504,18 +504,6 @@ int snd_seq_pool_delete(struct snd_seq_pool **ppool)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-/* initialize sequencer memory */
-int __init snd_sequencer_memory_init(void)
-{
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* release sequencer memory */
-void __exit snd_sequencer_memory_done(void)
-{
-}
-
-
 /* exported to seq_clientmgr.c */
 void snd_seq_info_pool(struct snd_info_buffer *buffer,
 		       struct snd_seq_pool *pool, char *space)
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_memory.h b/sound/core/seq/seq_memory.h
index 3abe306c394a..1292fe91f02e 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_memory.h
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_memory.h
@@ -94,12 +94,6 @@ struct snd_seq_pool *snd_seq_pool_new(int poolsize);
 /* remove pool */
 int snd_seq_pool_delete(struct snd_seq_pool **pool);
 
-/* init memory */
-int snd_sequencer_memory_init(void);
-            
-/* release event memory */
-void snd_sequencer_memory_done(void);
-
 /* polling */
 int snd_seq_pool_poll_wait(struct snd_seq_pool *pool, struct file *file, poll_table *wait);
 
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_midi.c b/sound/core/seq/seq_midi.c
index 5dd0ee258359..9e0dabd3ce5f 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_midi.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_midi.c
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ static void snd_midi_input_event(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 	struct seq_midisynth *msynth;
 	struct snd_seq_event ev;
 	char buf[16], *pbuf;
-	long res, count;
+	long res;
 
 	if (substream == NULL)
 		return;
@@ -94,19 +94,15 @@ static void snd_midi_input_event(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 		if (msynth->parser == NULL)
 			continue;
 		pbuf = buf;
-		while (res > 0) {
-			count = snd_midi_event_encode(msynth->parser, pbuf, res, &ev);
-			if (count < 0)
-				break;
-			pbuf += count;
-			res -= count;
-			if (ev.type != SNDRV_SEQ_EVENT_NONE) {
-				ev.source.port = msynth->seq_port;
-				ev.dest.client = SNDRV_SEQ_ADDRESS_SUBSCRIBERS;
-				snd_seq_kernel_client_dispatch(msynth->seq_client, &ev, 1, 0);
-				/* clear event and reset header */
-				memset(&ev, 0, sizeof(ev));
-			}
+		while (res-- > 0) {
+			if (!snd_midi_event_encode_byte(msynth->parser,
+							*pbuf++, &ev))
+				continue;
+			ev.source.port = msynth->seq_port;
+			ev.dest.client = SNDRV_SEQ_ADDRESS_SUBSCRIBERS;
+			snd_seq_kernel_client_dispatch(msynth->seq_client, &ev, 1, 0);
+			/* clear event and reset header */
+			memset(&ev, 0, sizeof(ev));
 		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_midi_emul.c b/sound/core/seq/seq_midi_emul.c
index 288f839a554b..c1975dd31871 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_midi_emul.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_midi_emul.c
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ do_control(struct snd_midi_op *ops, void *drv, struct snd_midi_channel_set *chse
 		break;
 	case MIDI_CTL_MSB_DATA_ENTRY:
 		chan->control[MIDI_CTL_LSB_DATA_ENTRY] = 0;
-		/* go through here */
+		/* fall through */
 	case MIDI_CTL_LSB_DATA_ENTRY:
 		if (chan->param_type == SNDRV_MIDI_PARAM_TYPE_REGISTERED)
 			rpn(ops, drv, chan, chset);
@@ -728,15 +728,3 @@ void snd_midi_channel_free_set(struct snd_midi_channel_set *chset)
 	kfree(chset);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_midi_channel_free_set);
-
-static int __init alsa_seq_midi_emul_init(void)
-{
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void __exit alsa_seq_midi_emul_exit(void)
-{
-}
-
-module_init(alsa_seq_midi_emul_init)
-module_exit(alsa_seq_midi_emul_exit)
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_midi_event.c b/sound/core/seq/seq_midi_event.c
index 90bbbdbeba03..b11419537062 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_midi_event.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_midi_event.c
@@ -175,14 +175,6 @@ void snd_midi_event_reset_decode(struct snd_midi_event *dev)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_midi_event_reset_decode);
 
-#if 0
-void snd_midi_event_init(struct snd_midi_event *dev)
-{
-	snd_midi_event_reset_encode(dev);
-	snd_midi_event_reset_decode(dev);
-}
-#endif  /*  0  */
-
 void snd_midi_event_no_status(struct snd_midi_event *dev, int on)
 {
 	dev->nostat = on ? 1 : 0;
@@ -190,69 +182,16 @@ void snd_midi_event_no_status(struct snd_midi_event *dev, int on)
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_midi_event_no_status);
 
 /*
- * resize buffer
- */
-#if 0
-int snd_midi_event_resize_buffer(struct snd_midi_event *dev, int bufsize)
-{
-	unsigned char *new_buf, *old_buf;
-	unsigned long flags;
-
-	if (bufsize == dev->bufsize)
-		return 0;
-	new_buf = kmalloc(bufsize, GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (new_buf == NULL)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->lock, flags);
-	old_buf = dev->buf;
-	dev->buf = new_buf;
-	dev->bufsize = bufsize;
-	reset_encode(dev);
-	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->lock, flags);
-	kfree(old_buf);
-	return 0;
-}
-#endif  /*  0  */
-
-/*
- *  read bytes and encode to sequencer event if finished
- *  return the size of encoded bytes
- */
-long snd_midi_event_encode(struct snd_midi_event *dev, unsigned char *buf, long count,
-			   struct snd_seq_event *ev)
-{
-	long result = 0;
-	int rc;
-
-	ev->type = SNDRV_SEQ_EVENT_NONE;
-
-	while (count-- > 0) {
-		rc = snd_midi_event_encode_byte(dev, *buf++, ev);
-		result++;
-		if (rc < 0)
-			return rc;
-		else if (rc > 0)
-			return result;
-	}
-
-	return result;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_midi_event_encode);
-
-/*
  *  read one byte and encode to sequencer event:
- *  return 1 if MIDI bytes are encoded to an event
- *         0 data is not finished
- *         negative for error
+ *  return true if MIDI bytes are encoded to an event
+ *         false data is not finished
  */
-int snd_midi_event_encode_byte(struct snd_midi_event *dev, int c,
-			       struct snd_seq_event *ev)
+bool snd_midi_event_encode_byte(struct snd_midi_event *dev, unsigned char c,
+				struct snd_seq_event *ev)
 {
-	int rc = 0;
+	bool rc = false;
 	unsigned long flags;
 
-	c &= 0xff;
-
 	if (c >= MIDI_CMD_COMMON_CLOCK) {
 		/* real-time event */
 		ev->type = status_event[ST_SPECIAL + c - 0xf0].event;
@@ -293,7 +232,7 @@ int snd_midi_event_encode_byte(struct snd_midi_event *dev, int c,
 			status_event[dev->type].encode(dev, ev);
 		if (dev->type >= ST_SPECIAL)
 			dev->type = ST_INVALID;
-		rc = 1;
+		rc = true;
 	} else 	if (dev->type == ST_SYSEX) {
 		if (c == MIDI_CMD_COMMON_SYSEX_END ||
 		    dev->read >= dev->bufsize) {
@@ -306,7 +245,7 @@ int snd_midi_event_encode_byte(struct snd_midi_event *dev, int c,
 				dev->read = 0; /* continue to parse */
 			else
 				reset_encode(dev); /* all parsed */
-			rc = 1;
+			rc = true;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -531,15 +470,3 @@ static int extra_decode_xrpn(struct snd_midi_event *dev, unsigned char *buf,
 	}
 	return idx;
 }
-
-static int __init alsa_seq_midi_event_init(void)
-{
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void __exit alsa_seq_midi_event_exit(void)
-{
-}
-
-module_init(alsa_seq_midi_event_init)
-module_exit(alsa_seq_midi_event_exit)
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_queue.c b/sound/core/seq/seq_queue.c
index b377f5048352..3b3ac96f1f5f 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_queue.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_queue.c
@@ -159,18 +159,8 @@ static void queue_delete(struct snd_seq_queue *q)
 
 /*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-/* setup queues */
-int __init snd_seq_queues_init(void)
-{
-	/*
-	memset(queue_list, 0, sizeof(queue_list));
-	num_queues = 0;
-	*/
-	return 0;
-}
-
 /* delete all existing queues */
-void __exit snd_seq_queues_delete(void)
+void snd_seq_queues_delete(void)
 {
 	int i;
 
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_queue.h b/sound/core/seq/seq_queue.h
index 719093489a2c..e006fc8e3a36 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_queue.h
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_queue.h
@@ -63,9 +63,6 @@ struct snd_seq_queue {
 /* get the number of current queues */
 int snd_seq_queue_get_cur_queues(void);
 
-/* init queues structure */
-int snd_seq_queues_init(void);
-
 /* delete queues */ 
 void snd_seq_queues_delete(void);
 
@@ -112,28 +109,4 @@ int snd_seq_queue_is_used(int queueid, int client);
 
 int snd_seq_control_queue(struct snd_seq_event *ev, int atomic, int hop);
 
-/*
- * 64bit division - for sync stuff..
- */
-#if defined(i386) || defined(i486)
-
-#define udiv_qrnnd(q, r, n1, n0, d) \
-  __asm__ ("divl %4"		\
-	   : "=a" ((u32)(q)),	\
-	     "=d" ((u32)(r))	\
-	   : "0" ((u32)(n0)),	\
-	     "1" ((u32)(n1)),	\
-	     "rm" ((u32)(d)))
-
-#define u64_div(x,y,q) do {u32 __tmp; udiv_qrnnd(q, __tmp, (x)>>32, x, y);} while (0)
-#define u64_mod(x,y,r) do {u32 __tmp; udiv_qrnnd(__tmp, q, (x)>>32, x, y);} while (0)
-#define u64_divmod(x,y,q,r) udiv_qrnnd(q, r, (x)>>32, x, y)
-
-#else
-#define u64_div(x,y,q)	((q) = (u32)((u64)(x) / (u64)(y)))
-#define u64_mod(x,y,r)	((r) = (u32)((u64)(x) % (u64)(y)))
-#define u64_divmod(x,y,q,r) (u64_div(x,y,q), u64_mod(x,y,r))
-#endif
-
-
 #endif
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_virmidi.c b/sound/core/seq/seq_virmidi.c
index 289ae6bb81d9..a2f1c6b58693 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_virmidi.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_virmidi.c
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ static int snd_virmidi_dev_receive_event(struct snd_virmidi_dev *rdev,
 	else
 		down_read(&rdev->filelist_sem);
 	list_for_each_entry(vmidi, &rdev->filelist, list) {
-		if (!vmidi->trigger)
+		if (!READ_ONCE(vmidi->trigger))
 			continue;
 		if (ev->type == SNDRV_SEQ_EVENT_SYSEX) {
 			if ((ev->flags & SNDRV_SEQ_EVENT_LENGTH_MASK) != SNDRV_SEQ_EVENT_LENGTH_VARIABLE)
@@ -110,23 +110,6 @@ static int snd_virmidi_dev_receive_event(struct snd_virmidi_dev *rdev,
 }
 
 /*
- * receive an event from the remote virmidi port
- *
- * for rawmidi inputs, you can call this function from the event
- * handler of a remote port which is attached to the virmidi via
- * SNDRV_VIRMIDI_SEQ_ATTACH.
- */
-#if 0
-int snd_virmidi_receive(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi, struct snd_seq_event *ev)
-{
-	struct snd_virmidi_dev *rdev;
-
-	rdev = rmidi->private_data;
-	return snd_virmidi_dev_receive_event(rdev, ev, true);
-}
-#endif  /*  0  */
-
-/*
  * event handler of virmidi port
  */
 static int snd_virmidi_event_input(struct snd_seq_event *ev, int direct,
@@ -147,68 +130,62 @@ static void snd_virmidi_input_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, i
 {
 	struct snd_virmidi *vmidi = substream->runtime->private_data;
 
-	if (up) {
-		vmidi->trigger = 1;
-	} else {
-		vmidi->trigger = 0;
-	}
+	WRITE_ONCE(vmidi->trigger, !!up);
 }
 
-/*
- * trigger rawmidi stream for output
+/* process rawmidi bytes and send events;
+ * we need no lock here for vmidi->event since it's handled only in this work
  */
-static void snd_virmidi_output_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int up)
+static void snd_vmidi_output_work(struct work_struct *work)
 {
-	struct snd_virmidi *vmidi = substream->runtime->private_data;
-	int count, res;
-	unsigned char buf[32], *pbuf;
-	unsigned long flags;
-
-	if (up) {
-		vmidi->trigger = 1;
-		if (vmidi->seq_mode == SNDRV_VIRMIDI_SEQ_DISPATCH &&
-		    !(vmidi->rdev->flags & SNDRV_VIRMIDI_SUBSCRIBE)) {
-			while (snd_rawmidi_transmit(substream, buf,
-						    sizeof(buf)) > 0) {
-				/* ignored */
-			}
-			return;
-		}
-		spin_lock_irqsave(&substream->runtime->lock, flags);
+	struct snd_virmidi *vmidi;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;
+	unsigned char input;
+	int ret;
+
+	vmidi = container_of(work, struct snd_virmidi, output_work);
+	substream = vmidi->substream;
+
+	/* discard the outputs in dispatch mode unless subscribed */
+	if (vmidi->seq_mode == SNDRV_VIRMIDI_SEQ_DISPATCH &&
+	    !(vmidi->rdev->flags & SNDRV_VIRMIDI_SUBSCRIBE)) {
+		while (!snd_rawmidi_transmit_empty(substream))
+			snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, 1);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	while (READ_ONCE(vmidi->trigger)) {
+		if (snd_rawmidi_transmit(substream, &input, 1) != 1)
+			break;
+		if (!snd_midi_event_encode_byte(vmidi->parser, input,
+						&vmidi->event))
+			continue;
 		if (vmidi->event.type != SNDRV_SEQ_EVENT_NONE) {
-			if (snd_seq_kernel_client_dispatch(vmidi->client, &vmidi->event, in_atomic(), 0) < 0)
-				goto out;
+			ret = snd_seq_kernel_client_dispatch(vmidi->client,
+							     &vmidi->event,
+							     false, 0);
 			vmidi->event.type = SNDRV_SEQ_EVENT_NONE;
-		}
-		while (1) {
-			count = __snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(substream, buf, sizeof(buf));
-			if (count <= 0)
+			if (ret < 0)
 				break;
-			pbuf = buf;
-			while (count > 0) {
-				res = snd_midi_event_encode(vmidi->parser, pbuf, count, &vmidi->event);
-				if (res < 0) {
-					snd_midi_event_reset_encode(vmidi->parser);
-					continue;
-				}
-				__snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, res);
-				pbuf += res;
-				count -= res;
-				if (vmidi->event.type != SNDRV_SEQ_EVENT_NONE) {
-					if (snd_seq_kernel_client_dispatch(vmidi->client, &vmidi->event, in_atomic(), 0) < 0)
-						goto out;
-					vmidi->event.type = SNDRV_SEQ_EVENT_NONE;
-				}
-			}
 		}
-	out:
-		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&substream->runtime->lock, flags);
-	} else {
-		vmidi->trigger = 0;
+		/* rawmidi input might be huge, allow to have a break */
+		cond_resched();
 	}
 }
 
 /*
+ * trigger rawmidi stream for output
+ */
+static void snd_virmidi_output_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int up)
+{
+	struct snd_virmidi *vmidi = substream->runtime->private_data;
+
+	WRITE_ONCE(vmidi->trigger, !!up);
+	if (up)
+		queue_work(system_highpri_wq, &vmidi->output_work);
+}
+
+/*
  * open rawmidi handle for input
  */
 static int snd_virmidi_input_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
@@ -260,6 +237,7 @@ static int snd_virmidi_output_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 	vmidi->port = rdev->port;
 	snd_virmidi_init_event(vmidi, &vmidi->event);
 	vmidi->rdev = rdev;
+	INIT_WORK(&vmidi->output_work, snd_vmidi_output_work);
 	runtime->private_data = vmidi;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -289,6 +267,9 @@ static int snd_virmidi_input_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 static int snd_virmidi_output_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_virmidi *vmidi = substream->runtime->private_data;
+
+	WRITE_ONCE(vmidi->trigger, false); /* to be sure */
+	cancel_work_sync(&vmidi->output_work);
 	snd_midi_event_free(vmidi->parser);
 	substream->runtime->private_data = NULL;
 	kfree(vmidi);
@@ -546,19 +527,3 @@ int snd_virmidi_new(struct snd_card *card, int device, struct snd_rawmidi **rrmi
 	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_virmidi_new);
-
-/*
- *  ENTRY functions
- */
-
-static int __init alsa_virmidi_init(void)
-{
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void __exit alsa_virmidi_exit(void)
-{
-}
-
-module_init(alsa_virmidi_init)
-module_exit(alsa_virmidi_exit)
diff --git a/sound/core/timer.c b/sound/core/timer.c
index b6f076bbc72d..61a0cec6e1f6 100644
--- a/sound/core/timer.c
+++ b/sound/core/timer.c
@@ -883,6 +883,11 @@ int snd_timer_new(struct snd_card *card, char *id, struct snd_timer_id *tid,
 
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(!tid))
 		return -EINVAL;
+	if (tid->dev_class == SNDRV_TIMER_CLASS_CARD ||
+	    tid->dev_class == SNDRV_TIMER_CLASS_PCM) {
+		if (WARN_ON(!card))
+			return -EINVAL;
+	}
 	if (rtimer)
 		*rtimer = NULL;
 	timer = kzalloc(sizeof(*timer), GFP_KERNEL);