License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

38 files changed, 38 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/Makefile b/arch/sh/kernel/Makefile
index 09040fd07d2e..dc80041f7363 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/Makefile
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #
 # Makefile for the Linux/SuperH kernel.
 #
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/asm-offsets.c b/arch/sh/kernel/asm-offsets.c
index 4bd44da910f3..a0322e832845 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/asm-offsets.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/asm-offsets.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * This program is used to generate definitions needed by
  * assembly language modules.
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/Makefile b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/Makefile
index 252e9fee687f..f7c22ea98b0f 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/Makefile
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #
 # Makefile for the Linux/SuperH CPU-specific backends.
 #
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/adc.c b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/adc.c
index d307571d54b6..509136715ed5 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/adc.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/adc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * linux/arch/sh/kernel/adc.c -- SH3 on-chip ADC support
  *
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/clock-cpg.c b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/clock-cpg.c
index 786c0769b4c3..5b75a384cbf3 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/clock-cpg.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/clock-cpg.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/clk.h>
 #include <linux/compiler.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/fpu.c b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/fpu.c
index 547c73478459..ae354a2931e7 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/fpu.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/fpu.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
 #include <linux/sched/task.h>
 #include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/irq/imask.c b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/irq/imask.c
index e7f1745bd121..572585c3f2fd 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/irq/imask.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/irq/imask.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * arch/sh/kernel/cpu/irq/imask.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/proc.c b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/proc.c
index 4df4b284f591..85961b4f9c69 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/proc.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/proc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh2a/Makefile b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh2a/Makefile
index 990195d98456..2a7515b658fd 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh2a/Makefile
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh2a/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #
 # Makefile for the Linux/SuperH SH-2A backends.
 #
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh3/Makefile b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh3/Makefile
index d3634ae7b71a..1dcb43d93c86 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh3/Makefile
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh3/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #
 # Makefile for the Linux/SuperH SH-3 backends.
 #
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh3/serial-sh770x.c b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh3/serial-sh770x.c
index 4f7242c676b3..dec027f233f2 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh3/serial-sh770x.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh3/serial-sh770x.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/serial_sci.h>
 #include <linux/serial_core.h>
 #include <linux/io.h>
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh3/serial-sh7710.c b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh3/serial-sh7710.c
index 42190ef6aebf..ee04052e5bdd 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh3/serial-sh7710.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh3/serial-sh7710.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/serial_sci.h>
 #include <linux/serial_core.h>
 #include <linux/io.h>
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh3/serial-sh7720.c b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh3/serial-sh7720.c
index c4a0336660dd..75aaea49de43 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh3/serial-sh7720.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh3/serial-sh7720.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/serial_sci.h>
 #include <linux/serial_core.h>
 #include <linux/io.h>
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh4/Makefile b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh4/Makefile
index 3a1dbc709831..00c16331e07e 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh4/Makefile
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh4/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #
 # Makefile for the Linux/SuperH SH-4 backends.
 #
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh4a/Makefile b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh4a/Makefile
index 0705df775208..baf73a8fc2a0 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh4a/Makefile
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh4a/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #
 # Makefile for the Linux/SuperH SH-4 backends.
 #
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh4a/pinmux-sh7722.c b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh4a/pinmux-sh7722.c
index 271bbc864929..0dd5312f930b 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh4a/pinmux-sh7722.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh4a/pinmux-sh7722.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/bug.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh4a/serial-sh7722.c b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh4a/serial-sh7722.c
index 59bc3a72702e..6ecc8b6e133c 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh4a/serial-sh7722.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh4a/serial-sh7722.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/serial_sci.h>
 #include <linux/serial_core.h>
 #include <linux/io.h>
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh5/Makefile b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh5/Makefile
index a184a31e686e..97d23ec3005f 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh5/Makefile
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh5/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #
 # Makefile for the Linux/SuperH SH-5 backends.
 #
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/crash_dump.c b/arch/sh/kernel/crash_dump.c
index b33be505361e..a9086127b16d 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/crash_dump.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/crash_dump.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *	crash_dump.c - Memory preserving reboot related code.
  *
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/ftrace.c b/arch/sh/kernel/ftrace.c
index d18724d186f3..96dd9f7da250 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/ftrace.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/ftrace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2008 Matt Fleming <matt@console-pimps.org>
  * Copyright (C) 2008 Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/irq.c b/arch/sh/kernel/irq.c
index 04487e8fc9b1..245dbeb20afe 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/irq.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/irq.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * linux/arch/sh/kernel/irq.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/kdebugfs.c b/arch/sh/kernel/kdebugfs.c
index e11c30bb100c..95428e05d212 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/kdebugfs.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/kdebugfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/process.c b/arch/sh/kernel/process.c
index f8a695a223dd..b2d9963d5978 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/process.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/process.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/ptrace.c b/arch/sh/kernel/ptrace.c
index 0a05983633ca..bfc59f2c2602 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/ptrace.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/ptrace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
 
 /**
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/reboot.c b/arch/sh/kernel/reboot.c
index 04afe5b20663..11001a8a5fe0 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/reboot.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/reboot.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/pm.h>
 #include <linux/kexec.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/setup.c b/arch/sh/kernel/setup.c
index 3a44c753b642..b95c411d0333 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/setup.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/setup.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * arch/sh/kernel/setup.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/sh_ksyms_32.c b/arch/sh/kernel/sh_ksyms_32.c
index 0b30b9dfc87f..282774472603 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/sh_ksyms_32.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/sh_ksyms_32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/signal_32.c b/arch/sh/kernel/signal_32.c
index 08bce11badc6..c46c0020ff55 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/signal_32.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/signal_32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *  linux/arch/sh/kernel/signal.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/sys_sh.c b/arch/sh/kernel/sys_sh.c
index 6576e5ee1fc3..724911c59e7d 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/sys_sh.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/sys_sh.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * linux/arch/sh/kernel/sys_sh.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/sys_sh32.c b/arch/sh/kernel/sys_sh32.c
index a2e1231a90a3..f8dc8bfd4606 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/sys_sh32.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/sys_sh32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/errno.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/traps.c b/arch/sh/kernel/traps.c
index b32d1c3a4655..8b49cced663d 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/traps.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/traps.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/bug.h>
 #include <linux/io.h>
 #include <linux/types.h>
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S b/arch/sh/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
index 5b9a3cc90c58..77a59d8c6b4d 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  * ld script to make SuperH Linux kernel
  * Written by Niibe Yutaka and Paul Mundt
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/Makefile b/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/Makefile
index 6ab108f1a0c6..5db6579bc44c 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/Makefile
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 obj-y += vsyscall.o vsyscall-syscall.o vsyscall-syms.o
 
 $(obj)/vsyscall-syscall.o: \
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall-note.S b/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall-note.S
index d4b5be4f3d5f..bb350918bebd 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall-note.S
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall-note.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  * This supplies .note.* sections to go into the PT_NOTE inside the vDSO text.
  * Here we can supply some information useful to userland.
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall-sigreturn.S b/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall-sigreturn.S
index 23af17584054..bece5fa73618 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall-sigreturn.S
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall-sigreturn.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #include <asm/unistd.h>
 
 	.text
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall-syscall.S b/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall-syscall.S
index c2ac7f0282b3..2aeaa2ddee50 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall-syscall.S
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall-syscall.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #include <linux/init.h>
 
 __INITDATA
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall-trapa.S b/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall-trapa.S
index 0eb74d00690a..854ea3235704 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall-trapa.S
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall-trapa.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 	.text
 	.globl __kernel_vsyscall
 	.type __kernel_vsyscall,@function
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall.lds.S b/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall.lds.S
index 6d59ee7c23dd..e3582e03c0eb 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall.lds.S
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/vsyscall/vsyscall.lds.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  * Linker script for vsyscall DSO.  The vsyscall page is an ELF shared
  * object prelinked to its virtual address, and with only one read-only