From 73727f4dafa2df107e85753c5ab703a1f344e1f1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Petr Mladek Date: Wed, 30 Oct 2019 16:43:10 +0100 Subject: livepatch: Basic API to track system state changes This is another step how to help maintaining more livepatches. One big help was the atomic replace and cumulative livepatches. These livepatches replace the already installed ones. Therefore it should be enough when each cumulative livepatch is consistent. The problems might come with shadow variables and callbacks. They might change the system behavior or state so that it is no longer safe to go back and use an older livepatch or the original kernel code. Also, a new livepatch must be able to detect changes which were made by the already installed livepatches. This is where the livepatch system state tracking gets useful. It allows to: - find whether a system state has already been modified by previous livepatches - store data needed to manipulate and restore the system state The information about the manipulated system states is stored in an array of struct klp_state. It can be searched by two new functions klp_get_state() and klp_get_prev_state(). The dependencies are going to be solved by a version field added later. The only important information is that it will be allowed to modify the same state by more non-cumulative livepatches. It is similar to allowing to modify the same function several times. The livepatch author is responsible for preventing incompatible changes. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191030154313.13263-3-pmladek@suse.com To: Jiri Kosina Cc: Kamalesh Babulal Cc: Nicolai Stange Cc: live-patching@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Acked-by: Miroslav Benes Acked-by: Joe Lawrence Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek --- kernel/livepatch/state.c | 83 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 83 insertions(+) create mode 100644 kernel/livepatch/state.c (limited to 'kernel/livepatch/state.c') diff --git a/kernel/livepatch/state.c b/kernel/livepatch/state.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..6ab15b642c0a --- /dev/null +++ b/kernel/livepatch/state.c @@ -0,0 +1,83 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later +/* + * system_state.c - State of the system modified by livepatches + * + * Copyright (C) 2019 SUSE + */ + +#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt + +#include +#include "core.h" +#include "transition.h" + +#define klp_for_each_state(patch, state) \ + for (state = patch->states; state && state->id; state++) + +/** + * klp_get_state() - get information about system state modified by + * the given patch + * @patch: livepatch that modifies the given system state + * @id: custom identifier of the modified system state + * + * Checks whether the given patch modifies the given system state. + * + * The function can be called either from pre/post (un)patch + * callbacks or from the kernel code added by the livepatch. + * + * Return: pointer to struct klp_state when found, otherwise NULL. + */ +struct klp_state *klp_get_state(struct klp_patch *patch, unsigned long id) +{ + struct klp_state *state; + + klp_for_each_state(patch, state) { + if (state->id == id) + return state; + } + + return NULL; +} +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(klp_get_state); + +/** + * klp_get_prev_state() - get information about system state modified by + * the already installed livepatches + * @id: custom identifier of the modified system state + * + * Checks whether already installed livepatches modify the given + * system state. + * + * The same system state can be modified by more non-cumulative + * livepatches. It is expected that the latest livepatch has + * the most up-to-date information. + * + * The function can be called only during transition when a new + * livepatch is being enabled or when such a transition is reverted. + * It is typically called only from from pre/post (un)patch + * callbacks. + * + * Return: pointer to the latest struct klp_state from already + * installed livepatches, NULL when not found. + */ +struct klp_state *klp_get_prev_state(unsigned long id) +{ + struct klp_patch *patch; + struct klp_state *state, *last_state = NULL; + + if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!klp_transition_patch)) + return NULL; + + klp_for_each_patch(patch) { + if (patch == klp_transition_patch) + goto out; + + state = klp_get_state(patch, id); + if (state) + last_state = state; + } + +out: + return last_state; +} +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(klp_get_prev_state); -- cgit v1.2.3 From 92c9abf5e57500ea7dc59a55273aa7850b631bda Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Petr Mladek Date: Wed, 30 Oct 2019 16:43:11 +0100 Subject: livepatch: Allow to distinguish different version of system state changes The atomic replace runs pre/post (un)install callbacks only from the new livepatch. There are several reasons for this: + Simplicity: clear ordering of operations, no interactions between old and new callbacks. + Reliability: only new livepatch knows what changes can already be made by older livepatches and how to take over the state. + Testing: the atomic replace can be properly tested only when a newer livepatch is available. It might be too late to fix unwanted effect of callbacks from older livepatches. It might happen that an older change is not enough and the same system state has to be modified another way. Different changes need to get distinguished by a version number added to struct klp_state. The version can also be used to prevent loading incompatible livepatches. The check is done when the livepatch is enabled. The rules are: + Any completely new system state modification is allowed. + System state modifications with the same or higher version are allowed for already modified system states. + Cumulative livepatches must handle all system state modifications from already installed livepatches. + Non-cumulative livepatches are allowed to touch already modified system states. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191030154313.13263-4-pmladek@suse.com To: Jiri Kosina Cc: Kamalesh Babulal Cc: Nicolai Stange Cc: live-patching@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Acked-by: Miroslav Benes Acked-by: Joe Lawrence Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek --- include/linux/livepatch.h | 2 ++ kernel/livepatch/core.c | 8 ++++++++ kernel/livepatch/state.c | 36 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ kernel/livepatch/state.h | 9 +++++++++ 4 files changed, 55 insertions(+) create mode 100644 kernel/livepatch/state.h (limited to 'kernel/livepatch/state.c') diff --git a/include/linux/livepatch.h b/include/linux/livepatch.h index 726947338fd5..e894e74905f3 100644 --- a/include/linux/livepatch.h +++ b/include/linux/livepatch.h @@ -133,10 +133,12 @@ struct klp_object { /** * struct klp_state - state of the system modified by the livepatch * @id: system state identifier (non-zero) + * @version: version of the change * @data: custom data */ struct klp_state { unsigned long id; + unsigned int version; void *data; }; diff --git a/kernel/livepatch/core.c b/kernel/livepatch/core.c index 1e1d87ead55c..c3512e7e0801 100644 --- a/kernel/livepatch/core.c +++ b/kernel/livepatch/core.c @@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ #include #include "core.h" #include "patch.h" +#include "state.h" #include "transition.h" /* @@ -1009,6 +1010,13 @@ int klp_enable_patch(struct klp_patch *patch) mutex_lock(&klp_mutex); + if (!klp_is_patch_compatible(patch)) { + pr_err("Livepatch patch (%s) is not compatible with the already installed livepatches.\n", + patch->mod->name); + mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex); + return -EINVAL; + } + ret = klp_init_patch_early(patch); if (ret) { mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex); diff --git a/kernel/livepatch/state.c b/kernel/livepatch/state.c index 6ab15b642c0a..7ee19476de9d 100644 --- a/kernel/livepatch/state.c +++ b/kernel/livepatch/state.c @@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ #include #include "core.h" +#include "state.h" #include "transition.h" #define klp_for_each_state(patch, state) \ @@ -81,3 +82,38 @@ out: return last_state; } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(klp_get_prev_state); + +/* Check if the patch is able to deal with the existing system state. */ +static bool klp_is_state_compatible(struct klp_patch *patch, + struct klp_state *old_state) +{ + struct klp_state *state; + + state = klp_get_state(patch, old_state->id); + + /* A cumulative livepatch must handle all already modified states. */ + if (!state) + return !patch->replace; + + return state->version >= old_state->version; +} + +/* + * Check that the new livepatch will not break the existing system states. + * Cumulative patches must handle all already modified states. + * Non-cumulative patches can touch already modified states. + */ +bool klp_is_patch_compatible(struct klp_patch *patch) +{ + struct klp_patch *old_patch; + struct klp_state *old_state; + + klp_for_each_patch(old_patch) { + klp_for_each_state(old_patch, old_state) { + if (!klp_is_state_compatible(patch, old_state)) + return false; + } + } + + return true; +} diff --git a/kernel/livepatch/state.h b/kernel/livepatch/state.h new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..49d9c16e8762 --- /dev/null +++ b/kernel/livepatch/state.h @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */ +#ifndef _LIVEPATCH_STATE_H +#define _LIVEPATCH_STATE_H + +#include + +bool klp_is_patch_compatible(struct klp_patch *patch); + +#endif /* _LIVEPATCH_STATE_H */ -- cgit v1.2.3