From 39e72bf96f5847ba87cc5bd7a3ce0fed813dc9ad Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Michael Ellerman Date: Wed, 13 Nov 2019 21:05:41 +1100 Subject: powerpc/book3s64: Fix link stack flush on context switch In commit ee13cb249fab ("powerpc/64s: Add support for software count cache flush"), I added support for software to flush the count cache (indirect branch cache) on context switch if firmware told us that was the required mitigation for Spectre v2. As part of that code we also added a software flush of the link stack (return address stack), which protects against Spectre-RSB between user processes. That is all correct for CPUs that activate that mitigation, which is currently Power9 Nimbus DD2.3. What I got wrong is that on older CPUs, where firmware has disabled the count cache, we also need to flush the link stack on context switch. To fix it we create a new feature bit which is not set by firmware, which tells us we need to flush the link stack. We set that when firmware tells us that either of the existing Spectre v2 mitigations are enabled. Then we adjust the patching code so that if we see that feature bit we enable the link stack flush. If we're also told to flush the count cache in software then we fall through and do that also. On the older CPUs we don't need to do do the software count cache flush, firmware has disabled it, so in that case we patch in an early return after the link stack flush. The naming of some of the functions is awkward after this patch, because they're called "count cache" but they also do link stack. But we'll fix that up in a later commit to ease backporting. This is the fix for CVE-2019-18660. Reported-by: Anthony Steinhauser Fixes: ee13cb249fab ("powerpc/64s: Add support for software count cache flush") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.4+ Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman --- arch/powerpc/include/asm/asm-prototypes.h | 1 + arch/powerpc/include/asm/security_features.h | 3 ++ arch/powerpc/kernel/entry_64.S | 6 ++++ arch/powerpc/kernel/security.c | 48 +++++++++++++++++++++++++--- 4 files changed, 54 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) (limited to 'arch/powerpc') diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/asm-prototypes.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/asm-prototypes.h index 8561498e653c..3ee92f692e64 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/asm-prototypes.h +++ b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/asm-prototypes.h @@ -152,6 +152,7 @@ void _kvmppc_save_tm_pr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 guest_msr); /* Patch sites */ extern s32 patch__call_flush_count_cache; extern s32 patch__flush_count_cache_return; +extern s32 patch__flush_link_stack_return; extern s32 patch__memset_nocache, patch__memcpy_nocache; extern long flush_count_cache; diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/security_features.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/security_features.h index 759597bf0fd8..ccf44c135389 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/security_features.h +++ b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/security_features.h @@ -81,6 +81,9 @@ static inline bool security_ftr_enabled(unsigned long feature) // Software required to flush count cache on context switch #define SEC_FTR_FLUSH_COUNT_CACHE 0x0000000000000400ull +// Software required to flush link stack on context switch +#define SEC_FTR_FLUSH_LINK_STACK 0x0000000000001000ull + // Features enabled by default #define SEC_FTR_DEFAULT \ diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/entry_64.S b/arch/powerpc/kernel/entry_64.S index 6467bdab8d40..3fd3ef352e3f 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/entry_64.S +++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/entry_64.S @@ -537,6 +537,7 @@ flush_count_cache: /* Save LR into r9 */ mflr r9 + // Flush the link stack .rept 64 bl .+4 .endr @@ -546,6 +547,11 @@ flush_count_cache: .balign 32 /* Restore LR */ 1: mtlr r9 + + // If we're just flushing the link stack, return here +3: nop + patch_site 3b patch__flush_link_stack_return + li r9,0x7fff mtctr r9 diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/security.c b/arch/powerpc/kernel/security.c index 7cfcb294b11c..a3138e7d71bb 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/security.c +++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/security.c @@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ enum count_cache_flush_type { COUNT_CACHE_FLUSH_HW = 0x4, }; static enum count_cache_flush_type count_cache_flush_type = COUNT_CACHE_FLUSH_NONE; +static bool link_stack_flush_enabled; bool barrier_nospec_enabled; static bool no_nospec; @@ -212,11 +213,19 @@ ssize_t cpu_show_spectre_v2(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr, c if (ccd) seq_buf_printf(&s, "Indirect branch cache disabled"); + + if (link_stack_flush_enabled) + seq_buf_printf(&s, ", Software link stack flush"); + } else if (count_cache_flush_type != COUNT_CACHE_FLUSH_NONE) { seq_buf_printf(&s, "Mitigation: Software count cache flush"); if (count_cache_flush_type == COUNT_CACHE_FLUSH_HW) seq_buf_printf(&s, " (hardware accelerated)"); + + if (link_stack_flush_enabled) + seq_buf_printf(&s, ", Software link stack flush"); + } else if (btb_flush_enabled) { seq_buf_printf(&s, "Mitigation: Branch predictor state flush"); } else { @@ -377,18 +386,40 @@ static __init int stf_barrier_debugfs_init(void) device_initcall(stf_barrier_debugfs_init); #endif /* CONFIG_DEBUG_FS */ +static void no_count_cache_flush(void) +{ + count_cache_flush_type = COUNT_CACHE_FLUSH_NONE; + pr_info("count-cache-flush: software flush disabled.\n"); +} + static void toggle_count_cache_flush(bool enable) { - if (!enable || !security_ftr_enabled(SEC_FTR_FLUSH_COUNT_CACHE)) { + if (!security_ftr_enabled(SEC_FTR_FLUSH_COUNT_CACHE) && + !security_ftr_enabled(SEC_FTR_FLUSH_LINK_STACK)) + enable = false; + + if (!enable) { patch_instruction_site(&patch__call_flush_count_cache, PPC_INST_NOP); - count_cache_flush_type = COUNT_CACHE_FLUSH_NONE; - pr_info("count-cache-flush: software flush disabled.\n"); + pr_info("link-stack-flush: software flush disabled.\n"); + link_stack_flush_enabled = false; + no_count_cache_flush(); return; } + // This enables the branch from _switch to flush_count_cache patch_branch_site(&patch__call_flush_count_cache, (u64)&flush_count_cache, BRANCH_SET_LINK); + pr_info("link-stack-flush: software flush enabled.\n"); + link_stack_flush_enabled = true; + + // If we just need to flush the link stack, patch an early return + if (!security_ftr_enabled(SEC_FTR_FLUSH_COUNT_CACHE)) { + patch_instruction_site(&patch__flush_link_stack_return, PPC_INST_BLR); + no_count_cache_flush(); + return; + } + if (!security_ftr_enabled(SEC_FTR_BCCTR_FLUSH_ASSIST)) { count_cache_flush_type = COUNT_CACHE_FLUSH_SW; pr_info("count-cache-flush: full software flush sequence enabled.\n"); @@ -407,11 +438,20 @@ void setup_count_cache_flush(void) if (no_spectrev2 || cpu_mitigations_off()) { if (security_ftr_enabled(SEC_FTR_BCCTRL_SERIALISED) || security_ftr_enabled(SEC_FTR_COUNT_CACHE_DISABLED)) - pr_warn("Spectre v2 mitigations not under software control, can't disable\n"); + pr_warn("Spectre v2 mitigations not fully under software control, can't disable\n"); enable = false; } + /* + * There's no firmware feature flag/hypervisor bit to tell us we need to + * flush the link stack on context switch. So we set it here if we see + * either of the Spectre v2 mitigations that aim to protect userspace. + */ + if (security_ftr_enabled(SEC_FTR_COUNT_CACHE_DISABLED) || + security_ftr_enabled(SEC_FTR_FLUSH_COUNT_CACHE)) + security_ftr_set(SEC_FTR_FLUSH_LINK_STACK); + toggle_count_cache_flush(enable); } -- cgit v1.2.3 From af2e8c68b9c5403f77096969c516f742f5bb29e0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Michael Ellerman Date: Wed, 13 Nov 2019 21:05:44 +1100 Subject: KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Flush link stack on guest exit to host kernel On some systems that are vulnerable to Spectre v2, it is up to software to flush the link stack (return address stack), in order to protect against Spectre-RSB. When exiting from a guest we do some house keeping and then potentially exit to C code which is several stack frames deep in the host kernel. We will then execute a series of returns without preceeding calls, opening up the possiblity that the guest could have poisoned the link stack, and direct speculative execution of the host to a gadget of some sort. To prevent this we add a flush of the link stack on exit from a guest. Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman --- arch/powerpc/include/asm/asm-prototypes.h | 2 ++ arch/powerpc/kernel/security.c | 9 +++++++++ arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv_rmhandlers.S | 30 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 41 insertions(+) (limited to 'arch/powerpc') diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/asm-prototypes.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/asm-prototypes.h index 3ee92f692e64..d84d1417ddb6 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/asm-prototypes.h +++ b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/asm-prototypes.h @@ -153,9 +153,11 @@ void _kvmppc_save_tm_pr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 guest_msr); extern s32 patch__call_flush_count_cache; extern s32 patch__flush_count_cache_return; extern s32 patch__flush_link_stack_return; +extern s32 patch__call_kvm_flush_link_stack; extern s32 patch__memset_nocache, patch__memcpy_nocache; extern long flush_count_cache; +extern long kvm_flush_link_stack; #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_TRANSACTIONAL_MEM void kvmppc_save_tm_hv(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 msr, bool preserve_nv); diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/security.c b/arch/powerpc/kernel/security.c index a3138e7d71bb..bd91dceb7010 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/security.c +++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/security.c @@ -400,6 +400,9 @@ static void toggle_count_cache_flush(bool enable) if (!enable) { patch_instruction_site(&patch__call_flush_count_cache, PPC_INST_NOP); +#ifdef CONFIG_KVM_BOOK3S_HV_POSSIBLE + patch_instruction_site(&patch__call_kvm_flush_link_stack, PPC_INST_NOP); +#endif pr_info("link-stack-flush: software flush disabled.\n"); link_stack_flush_enabled = false; no_count_cache_flush(); @@ -410,6 +413,12 @@ static void toggle_count_cache_flush(bool enable) patch_branch_site(&patch__call_flush_count_cache, (u64)&flush_count_cache, BRANCH_SET_LINK); +#ifdef CONFIG_KVM_BOOK3S_HV_POSSIBLE + // This enables the branch from guest_exit_cont to kvm_flush_link_stack + patch_branch_site(&patch__call_kvm_flush_link_stack, + (u64)&kvm_flush_link_stack, BRANCH_SET_LINK); +#endif + pr_info("link-stack-flush: software flush enabled.\n"); link_stack_flush_enabled = true; diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv_rmhandlers.S b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv_rmhandlers.S index faebcbb8c4db..0496e66aaa56 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv_rmhandlers.S +++ b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv_rmhandlers.S @@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ */ #include +#include #include #include #include @@ -1487,6 +1488,13 @@ guest_exit_cont: /* r9 = vcpu, r12 = trap, r13 = paca */ 1: #endif /* CONFIG_KVM_XICS */ + /* + * Possibly flush the link stack here, before we do a blr in + * guest_exit_short_path. + */ +1: nop + patch_site 1b patch__call_kvm_flush_link_stack + /* If we came in through the P9 short path, go back out to C now */ lwz r0, STACK_SLOT_SHORT_PATH(r1) cmpwi r0, 0 @@ -1963,6 +1971,28 @@ END_FTR_SECTION_IFSET(CPU_FTR_ARCH_300) mtlr r0 blr +.balign 32 +.global kvm_flush_link_stack +kvm_flush_link_stack: + /* Save LR into r0 */ + mflr r0 + + /* Flush the link stack. On Power8 it's up to 32 entries in size. */ + .rept 32 + bl .+4 + .endr + + /* And on Power9 it's up to 64. */ +BEGIN_FTR_SECTION + .rept 32 + bl .+4 + .endr +END_FTR_SECTION_IFSET(CPU_FTR_ARCH_300) + + /* Restore LR */ + mtlr r0 + blr + kvmppc_guest_external: /* External interrupt, first check for host_ipi. If this is * set, we know the host wants us out so let's do it now -- cgit v1.2.3