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In some cases, like with SEV-SNP, guest memory needs to be updated in a
platform-specific manner before it can be safely freed back to the host.
Wire up arch-defined hooks to the .free_folio kvm_gmem_aops callback to
allow for special handling of this sort when freeing memory in response
to FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE operations and when releasing the inode, and go
ahead and define an arch-specific hook for x86 since it will be needed
for handling memory used for SEV-SNP guests.
Signed-off-by: Michael Roth <michael.roth@amd.com>
Message-Id: <20231230172351.574091-6-michael.roth@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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During guest run-time, kvm_arch_gmem_prepare() is issued as needed to
prepare newly-allocated gmem pages prior to mapping them into the guest.
In the case of SEV-SNP, this mainly involves setting the pages to
private in the RMP table.
However, for the GPA ranges comprising the initial guest payload, which
are encrypted/measured prior to starting the guest, the gmem pages need
to be accessed prior to setting them to private in the RMP table so they
can be initialized with the userspace-provided data. Additionally, an
SNP firmware call is needed afterward to encrypt them in-place and
measure the contents into the guest's launch digest.
While it is possible to bypass the kvm_arch_gmem_prepare() hooks so that
this handling can be done in an open-coded/vendor-specific manner, this
may expose more gmem-internal state/dependencies to external callers
than necessary. Try to avoid this by implementing an interface that
tries to handle as much of the common functionality inside gmem as
possible, while also making it generic enough to potentially be
usable/extensible for TDX as well.
Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Roth <michael.roth@amd.com>
Co-developed-by: Michael Roth <michael.roth@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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In preparation for adding a function that walks a set of pages
provided by userspace and populates them in a guest_memfd,
add a version of kvm_gmem_get_pfn() that has a "bool prepare"
argument and passes it down to kvm_gmem_get_folio().
Populating guest memory has to call repeatedly __kvm_gmem_get_pfn()
on the same file, so make the new function take struct file*.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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guest_memfd pages are generally expected to be in some arch-defined
initial state prior to using them for guest memory. For SEV-SNP this
initial state is 'private', or 'guest-owned', and requires additional
operations to move these pages into a 'private' state by updating the
corresponding entries the RMP table.
Allow for an arch-defined hook to handle updates of this sort, and go
ahead and implement one for x86 so KVM implementations like AMD SVM can
register a kvm_x86_ops callback to handle these updates for SEV-SNP
guests.
The preparation callback is always called when allocating/grabbing
folios via gmem, and it is up to the architecture to keep track of
whether or not the pages are already in the expected state (e.g. the RMP
table in the case of SEV-SNP).
In some cases, it is necessary to defer the preparation of the pages to
handle things like in-place encryption of initial guest memory payloads
before marking these pages as 'private'/'guest-owned'. Add an argument
(always true for now) to kvm_gmem_get_folio() that allows for the
preparation callback to be bypassed. To detect possible issues in
the way userspace initializes memory, it is only possible to add an
unprepared page if it is not already included in the filemap.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/ZLqVdvsF11Ddo7Dq@google.com/
Co-developed-by: Michael Roth <michael.roth@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Roth <michael.roth@amd.com>
Message-Id: <20231230172351.574091-5-michael.roth@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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Because kvm_gmem_get_pfn() is called from the page fault path without
any of the slots_lock, filemap lock or mmu_lock taken, it is
possible for it to race with kvm_gmem_unbind(). This is not a
problem, as any PTE that is installed temporarily will be zapped
before the guest has the occasion to run.
However, it is not possible to have a complete unbind+bind
racing with the page fault, because deleting the memslot
will call synchronize_srcu_expedited() and wait for the
page fault to be resolved. Thus, we can still warn if
the file is there and is not the one we expect.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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Some SNP ioctls will require the page not to be in the pagecache, and as such they
will want to return EEXIST to userspace. Start by passing the error up from
filemap_grab_folio.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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truncate_inode_pages_range() may attempt to zero pages before truncating
them, and this will occur before arch-specific invalidations can be
triggered via .invalidate_folio/.free_folio hooks via kvm_gmem_aops. For
AMD SEV-SNP this would result in an RMP #PF being generated by the
hardware, which is currently treated as fatal (and even if specifically
allowed for, would not result in anything other than garbage being
written to guest pages due to encryption). On Intel TDX this would also
result in undesirable behavior.
Set the AS_INACCESSIBLE flag to prevent the MM from attempting
unexpected accesses of this sort during operations like truncation.
This may also in some cases yield a decent performance improvement for
guest_memfd userspace implementations that hole-punch ranges immediately
after private->shared conversions via KVM_SET_MEMORY_ATTRIBUTES, since
the current implementation of truncate_inode_pages_range() always ends
up zero'ing an entire 4K range if it is backing by a 2M folio.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/ZR9LYhpxTaTk6PJX@google.com/
Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Roth <michael.roth@amd.com>
Message-ID: <20240329212444.395559-6-michael.roth@amd.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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... and centralize the VM_IO/VM_PFNMAP sanity check in there. We'll
now also perform these sanity checks for direct follow_pte()
invocations.
For generic_access_phys(), we might now check multiple times: nothing to
worry about, really.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240410155527.474777-3-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> [KVM]
Cc: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Fei Li <fei1.li@intel.com>
Cc: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Yonghua Huang <yonghua.huang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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Remove kvm_make_all_cpus_request_except() as it effectively has no users,
and arguably should never have been added in the first place.
Commit 54163a346d4a ("KVM: Introduce kvm_make_all_cpus_request_except()")
added the "except" variation for use in SVM's AVIC update path, which used
it to skip sending a request to the current vCPU (commit 7d611233b016
("KVM: SVM: Disable AVIC before setting V_IRQ")).
But the AVIC usage of kvm_make_all_cpus_request_except() was essentially a
hack-a-fix that simply squashed the most likely scenario of a racy WARN
without addressing the underlying problem(s). Commit f1577ab21442 ("KVM:
SVM: svm_set_vintr don't warn if AVIC is active but is about to be
deactivated") eventually fixed the WARN itself, and the "except" usage was
subsequently dropped by df63202fe52b ("KVM: x86: APICv: drop immediate
APICv disablement on current vCPU").
That kvm_make_all_cpus_request_except() hasn't gained any users in the
last ~3 years isn't a coincidence. If a VM-wide broadcast *needs* to skip
the current vCPU, then odds are very good that there is underlying bug
that could be better fixed elsewhere.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Srinivas <venkateshs@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240404232651.1645176-1-venkateshs@chromium.org
[sean: rewrite changelog with --verbose]
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
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A subsequent change to KVM/arm64 will necessitate walking the device
list outside of the kvm->lock. Prepare by converting to an rculist. This
has zero effect on the VM destruction path, as it is expected every
reader is backed by a reference on the kvm struct.
On the other hand, ensure a given device is completely destroyed before
dropping the kvm->lock in the release() path, as certain devices expect
to be a singleton (e.g. the vfio-kvm device).
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Oliver Upton <oliver.upton@linux.dev>
Reviewed-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240422200158.2606761-2-oliver.upton@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
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Add support to MMU caches for initializing a page with a custom 64-bit
value, e.g. to pre-fill an entire page table with non-zero PTE values.
The functionality will be used by x86 to support Intel's TDX, which needs
to set bit 63 in all non-present PTEs in order to prevent !PRESENT page
faults from getting reflected into the guest (Intel's EPT Violation #VE
architecture made the less than brilliant decision of having the per-PTE
behavior be opt-out instead of opt-in).
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <isaku.yamahata@intel.com>
Message-Id: <5919f685f109a1b0ebc6bd8fc4536ee94bcc172d.1705965635.git.isaku.yamahata@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Xiaoyao Li <xiaoyao.li@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Binbin Wu <binbin.wu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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Remove gfn_to_pfn_cache_invalidate_start()'s unused @may_block parameter,
which was leftover from KVM's abandoned (for now) attempt to support guest
usage of gfn_to_pfn caches.
Fixes: a4bff3df5147 ("KVM: pfncache: remove KVM_GUEST_USES_PFN usage")
Reported-by: Like Xu <like.xu.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Paul Durrant <paul@xen.org>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Paul Durrant <paul@xen.org>
Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240305003742.245767-1-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
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The only user was kvm_mmu_notifier_change_pte(), which is now gone.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org>
Message-ID: <20240405115815.3226315-3-pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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The .change_pte() MMU notifier callback was intended as an
optimization. The original point of it was that KSM could tell KVM to flip
its secondary PTE to a new location without having to first zap it. At
the time there was also an .invalidate_page() callback; both of them were
*not* bracketed by calls to mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_{start,end}(),
and .invalidate_page() also doubled as a fallback implementation of
.change_pte().
Later on, however, both callbacks were changed to occur within an
invalidate_range_start/end() block.
In the case of .change_pte(), commit 6bdb913f0a70 ("mm: wrap calls to
set_pte_at_notify with invalidate_range_start and invalidate_range_end",
2012-10-09) did so to remove the fallback from .invalidate_page() to
.change_pte() and allow sleepable .invalidate_page() hooks.
This however made KVM's usage of the .change_pte() callback completely
moot, because KVM unmaps the sPTEs during .invalidate_range_start()
and therefore .change_pte() has no hope of finding a sPTE to change.
Drop the generic KVM code that dispatches to kvm_set_spte_gfn(), as
well as all the architecture specific implementations.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Anup Patel <anup@brainfault.org>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> (powerpc)
Reviewed-by: Bibo Mao <maobibo@loongson.cn>
Message-ID: <20240405115815.3226315-2-pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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KVM_HVA_ERR_RO_BAD satisfies kvm_is_error_hva(), so there's no need to
duplicate the "if (writable)" block. Fix this by bringing all
kvm_is_error_hva() cases under one conditional.
Signed-off-by: Anish Moorthy <amoorthy@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240215235405.368539-5-amoorthy@google.com
[sean: use ternary operator]
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
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The (gfn, data, offset, len) order of parameters is a little strange
since "offset" applies to "gfn" rather than to "data". Add function
comments to make things perfectly clear.
Signed-off-by: Anish Moorthy <amoorthy@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240215235405.368539-3-amoorthy@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
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The current description can be read as "atomic -> allowed to sleep,"
when in fact the intended statement is "atomic -> NOT allowed to sleep."
Make that clearer in the docstring.
Signed-off-by: Anish Moorthy <amoorthy@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240215235405.368539-2-amoorthy@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
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commit 37b2a6510a48("KVM: use __vcalloc for very large allocations")
replaced kvzalloc()/kvcalloc() with vcalloc(), but didn't replace kvfree()
with vfree().
Signed-off-by: Li RongQing <lirongqing@baidu.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240131012357.53563-1-lirongqing@baidu.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
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Explicit disallow activating a gfn_to_pfn_cache with an error gpa, i.e.
INVALID_GPA, to ensure that KVM doesn't mistake a GPA-based cache for an
HVA-based cache (KVM uses INVALID_GPA as a magic value to differentiate
between GPA-based and HVA-based caches).
WARN if KVM attempts to activate a cache with INVALID_GPA, purely so that
new caches need to at least consider what to do with a "bad" GPA, as all
existing usage of kvm_gpc_activate() guarantees gpa != INVALID_GPA. I.e.
removing the WARN in the future is completely reasonable if doing so would
yield cleaner/better code overall.
Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Reviewed-by: Paul Durrant <paul@xen.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240320001542.3203871-4-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
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When activating a gfn_to_pfn_cache, verify that the offset+length is sane
and usable before marking the cache active. Letting __kvm_gpc_refresh()
detect the problem results in a cache being marked active without setting
the GPA (or any other fields), which in turn results in KVM trying to
refresh a cache with INVALID_GPA.
Attempting to refresh a cache with INVALID_GPA isn't functionally
problematic, but it runs afoul of the sanity check that exactly one of
GPA or userspace HVA is valid, i.e. that a cache is either GPA-based or
HVA-based.
Reported-by: syzbot+106a4f72b0474e1d1b33@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/0000000000005fa5cc0613f1cebd@google.com
Fixes: 721f5b0dda78 ("KVM: pfncache: allow a cache to be activated with a fixed (userspace) HVA")
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Cc: Paul Durrant <paul@xen.org>
Reviewed-by: Paul Durrant <paul@xen.org>
Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240320001542.3203871-3-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
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Add a helper to check that the incoming length for a gfn_to_pfn_cache is
valid with respect to the cache's GPA and/or HVA. To avoid activating a
cache with a bogus GPA, a future fix will fork the page split check in
the inner refresh path into activate() and the public rerfresh() APIs, at
which point KVM will check the length in three separate places.
Deliberately keep the "page offset" logic open coded, as the only other
path that consumes the offset, __kvm_gpc_refresh(), already needs to
differentiate between GPA-based and HVA-based caches, and it's not obvious
that using a helper is a net positive in overall code readability.
Note, for GPA-based caches, this has a subtle side effect of using the GPA
instead of the resolved HVA in the check() path, but that should be a nop
as the HVA offset is derived from the GPA, i.e. the two offsets are
identical, barring a KVM bug.
Reviewed-by: Paul Durrant <paul@xen.org>
Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240320001542.3203871-2-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
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KVM Xen and pfncache changes for 6.9:
- Rip out the half-baked support for using gfn_to_pfn caches to manage pages
that are "mapped" into guests via physical addresses.
- Add support for using gfn_to_pfn caches with only a host virtual address,
i.e. to bypass the "gfn" stage of the cache. The primary use case is
overlay pages, where the guest may change the gfn used to reference the
overlay page, but the backing hva+pfn remains the same.
- Add an ioctl() to allow mapping Xen's shared_info page using an hva instead
of a gpa, so that userspace doesn't need to reconfigure and invalidate the
cache/mapping if the guest changes the gpa (but userspace keeps the resolved
hva the same).
- When possible, use a single host TSC value when computing the deadline for
Xen timers in order to improve the accuracy of the timer emulation.
- Inject pending upcall events when the vCPU software-enables its APIC to fix
a bug where an upcall can be lost (and to follow Xen's behavior).
- Fall back to the slow path instead of warning if "fast" IRQ delivery of Xen
events fails, e.g. if the guest has aliased xAPIC IDs.
- Extend gfn_to_pfn_cache's mutex to cover (de)activation (in addition to
refresh), and drop a now-redundant acquisition of xen_lock (that was
protecting the shared_info cache) to fix a deadlock due to recursively
acquiring xen_lock.
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KVM x86 misc changes for 6.9:
- Explicitly initialize a variety of on-stack variables in the emulator that
triggered KMSAN false positives (though in fairness in KMSAN, it's comically
difficult to see that the uninitialized memory is never truly consumed).
- Fix the deubgregs ABI for 32-bit KVM, and clean up code related to reading
DR6 and DR7.
- Rework the "force immediate exit" code so that vendor code ultimately
decides how and when to force the exit. This allows VMX to further optimize
handling preemption timer exits, and allows SVM to avoid sending a duplicate
IPI (SVM also has a need to force an exit).
- Fix a long-standing bug where kvm_has_noapic_vcpu could be left elevated if
vCPU creation ultimately failed, and add WARN to guard against similar bugs.
- Provide a dedicated arch hook for checking if a different vCPU was in-kernel
(for directed yield), and simplify the logic for checking if the currently
loaded vCPU is in-kernel.
- Misc cleanups and fixes.
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KVM common MMU changes for 6.9:
- Harden KVM against underflowing the active mmu_notifier invalidation
count, so that "bad" invalidations (usually due to bugs elsehwere in the
kernel) are detected earlier and are less likely to hang the kernel.
- Fix a benign bug in __kvm_mmu_topup_memory_cache() where the object size
and number of objects parameters to kvmalloc_array() were swapped.
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KVM async page fault changes for 6.9:
- Always flush the async page fault workqueue when a work item is being
removed, especially during vCPU destruction, to ensure that there are no
workers running in KVM code when all references to KVM-the-module are gone,
i.e. to prevent a use-after-free if kvm.ko is unloaded.
- Grab a reference to the VM's mm_struct in the async #PF worker itself instead
of gifting the worker a reference, e.g. so that there's no need to remember
to *conditionally* clean up after the worker.
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https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kvmarm/kvmarm into HEAD
KVM/arm64 updates for 6.9
- Infrastructure for building KVM's trap configuration based on the
architectural features (or lack thereof) advertised in the VM's ID
registers
- Support for mapping vfio-pci BARs as Normal-NC (vaguely similar to
x86's WC) at stage-2, improving the performance of interacting with
assigned devices that can tolerate it
- Conversion of KVM's representation of LPIs to an xarray, utilized to
address serialization some of the serialization on the LPI injection
path
- Support for _architectural_ VHE-only systems, advertised through the
absence of FEAT_E2H0 in the CPU's ID register
- Miscellaneous cleanups, fixes, and spelling corrections to KVM and
selftests
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https://github.com/kvm-x86/linux into HEAD
KVM GUEST_MEMFD fixes for 6.8:
- Make KVM_MEM_GUEST_MEMFD mutually exclusive with KVM_MEM_READONLY to
avoid creating ABI that KVM can't sanely support.
- Update documentation for KVM_SW_PROTECTED_VM to make it abundantly
clear that such VMs are purely a development and testing vehicle, and
come with zero guarantees.
- Limit KVM_SW_PROTECTED_VM guests to the TDP MMU, as the long term plan
is to support confidential VMs with deterministic private memory (SNP
and TDX) only in the TDP MMU.
- Fix a bug in a GUEST_MEMFD negative test that resulted in false passes
when verifying that KVM_MEM_GUEST_MEMFD memslots can't be dirty logged.
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The locking on the gfn_to_pfn_cache is... interesting. And awful.
There is a rwlock in ->lock which readers take to ensure protection
against concurrent changes. But __kvm_gpc_refresh() makes assumptions
that certain fields will not change even while it drops the write lock
and performs MM operations to revalidate the target PFN and kernel
mapping.
Commit 93984f19e7bc ("KVM: Fully serialize gfn=>pfn cache refresh via
mutex") partly addressed that — not by fixing it, but by adding a new
mutex, ->refresh_lock. This prevented concurrent __kvm_gpc_refresh()
calls on a given gfn_to_pfn_cache, but is still only a partial solution.
There is still a theoretical race where __kvm_gpc_refresh() runs in
parallel with kvm_gpc_deactivate(). While __kvm_gpc_refresh() has
dropped the write lock, kvm_gpc_deactivate() clears the ->active flag
and unmaps ->khva. Then __kvm_gpc_refresh() determines that the previous
->pfn and ->khva are still valid, and reinstalls those values into the
structure. This leaves the gfn_to_pfn_cache with the ->valid bit set,
but ->active clear. And a ->khva which looks like a reasonable kernel
address but is actually unmapped.
All it takes is a subsequent reactivation to cause that ->khva to be
dereferenced. This would theoretically cause an oops which would look
something like this:
[1724749.564994] BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffaa3540ace0e0
[1724749.565039] RIP: 0010:__kvm_xen_has_interrupt+0x8b/0xb0
I say "theoretically" because theoretically, that oops that was seen in
production cannot happen. The code which uses the gfn_to_pfn_cache is
supposed to have its *own* locking, to further paper over the fact that
the gfn_to_pfn_cache's own papering-over (->refresh_lock) of its own
rwlock abuse is not sufficient.
For the Xen vcpu_info that external lock is the vcpu->mutex, and for the
shared info it's kvm->arch.xen.xen_lock. Those locks ought to protect
the gfn_to_pfn_cache against concurrent deactivation vs. refresh in all
but the cases where the vcpu or kvm object is being *destroyed*, in
which case the subsequent reactivation should never happen.
Theoretically.
Nevertheless, this locking abuse is awful and should be fixed, even if
no clear explanation can be found for how the oops happened. So expand
the use of the ->refresh_lock mutex to ensure serialization of
activate/deactivate vs. refresh and make the pfncache locking entirely
self-sufficient.
This means that a future commit can simplify the locking in the callers,
such as the Xen emulation code which has an outstanding problem with
recursive locking of kvm->arch.xen.xen_lock, which will no longer be
necessary.
The rwlock abuse described above is still not best practice, although
it's harmless now that the ->refresh_lock is held for the entire duration
while the offending code drops the write lock, does some other stuff,
then takes the write lock again and assumes nothing changed. That can
also be fixed^W cleaned up in a subsequent commit, but this commit is
a simpler basis for the Xen deadlock fix mentioned above.
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Reviewed-by: Paul Durrant <paul@xen.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240227115648.3104-5-dwmw2@infradead.org
[sean: use guard(mutex) to fix a missed unlock]
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
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The general expectation with debugfs is that any initialization failure
is nonfatal. Nevertheless, kvm_arch_create_vm_debugfs() allows
implementations to return an error and kvm_create_vm_debugfs() allows
that to fail VM creation.
Change to a void return to discourage architectures from making debugfs
failures fatal for the VM. Seems like everyone already had the right
idea, as all implementations already return 0 unconditionally.
Acked-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240216155941.2029458-1-oliver.upton@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Oliver Upton <oliver.upton@linux.dev>
|
|
Disallow creating read-only memslots that support GUEST_MEMFD, as
GUEST_MEMFD is fundamentally incompatible with KVM's semantics for
read-only memslots. Read-only memslots allow the userspace VMM to emulate
option ROMs by filling the backing memory with readable, executable code
and data, while triggering emulated MMIO on writes. GUEST_MEMFD doesn't
currently support writes from userspace and KVM doesn't support emulated
MMIO on private accesses, i.e. the guest can only ever read zeros, and
writes will always be treated as errors.
Cc: Fuad Tabba <tabba@google.com>
Cc: Michael Roth <michael.roth@amd.com>
Cc: Isaku Yamahata <isaku.yamahata@gmail.com>
Cc: Yu Zhang <yu.c.zhang@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Chao Peng <chao.p.peng@linux.intel.com>
Fixes: a7800aa80ea4 ("KVM: Add KVM_CREATE_GUEST_MEMFD ioctl() for guest-specific backing memory")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240222190612.2942589-2-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
|
|
gcc-14 notices that the arguments to kvmalloc_array() are mixed up:
arch/x86/kvm/../../../virt/kvm/kvm_main.c: In function '__kvm_mmu_topup_memory_cache':
arch/x86/kvm/../../../virt/kvm/kvm_main.c:424:53: error: 'kvmalloc_array' sizes specified with 'sizeof' in the earlier argument and not in the later argument [-Werror=calloc-transposed-args]
424 | mc->objects = kvmalloc_array(sizeof(void *), capacity, gfp);
| ^~~~
arch/x86/kvm/../../../virt/kvm/kvm_main.c:424:53: note: earlier argument should specify number of elements, later size of each element
The code still works correctly, but the incorrect order prevents the compiler
from properly tracking the object sizes.
Fixes: 837f66c71207 ("KVM: Allow for different capacities in kvm_mmu_memory_cache structs")
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reviewed-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240212112419.1186065-1-arnd@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
|
|
Add a comment to explain why KVM treats vCPUs with pending interrupts as
in-kernel when a vCPU wants to yield to a vCPU that was preempted while
running in kernel mode.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240110003938.490206-5-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
|
|
Plumb in a dedicated hook for querying whether or not a vCPU was preempted
in-kernel. Unlike literally every other architecture, x86's VMX can check
if a vCPU is in kernel context if and only if the vCPU is loaded on the
current pCPU.
x86's kvm_arch_vcpu_in_kernel() works around the limitation by querying
kvm_get_running_vcpu() and redirecting to vcpu->arch.preempted_in_kernel
as needed. But that's unnecessary, confusing, and fragile, e.g. x86 has
had at least one bug where KVM incorrectly used a stale
preempted_in_kernel.
No functional change intended.
Reviewed-by: Yuan Yao <yuan.yao@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240110003938.490206-2-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
|
|
When processing mmu_notifier invalidations for gpc caches, pre-check for
overlap with the invalidation event while holding gpc->lock for read, and
only take gpc->lock for write if the cache needs to be invalidated. Doing
a pre-check without taking gpc->lock for write avoids unnecessarily
contending the lock for unrelated invalidations, which is very beneficial
for caches that are heavily used (but rarely subjected to mmu_notifier
invalidations).
Signed-off-by: Paul Durrant <pdurrant@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240215152916.1158-20-paul@xen.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
|
|
Some pfncache pages may actually be overlays on guest memory that have a
fixed HVA within the VMM. It's pointless to invalidate such cached
mappings if the overlay is moved so allow a cache to be activated directly
with the HVA to cater for such cases. A subsequent patch will make use
of this facility.
Signed-off-by: Paul Durrant <pdurrant@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240215152916.1158-10-paul@xen.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
|
|
Currently the pfncache page offset is sometimes determined using the gpa
and sometimes the khva, whilst the uhva is always page-aligned. After a
subsequent patch is applied the gpa will not always be valid so adjust
the code to include the page offset in the uhva and use it consistently
as the source of truth.
Also, where a page-aligned address is required, use PAGE_ALIGN_DOWN()
for clarity.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Paul Durrant <pdurrant@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240215152916.1158-8-paul@xen.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
|
|
Some code in pfncache uses offset_in_page() but in other places it is open-
coded. Use offset_in_page() consistently everywhere.
Signed-off-by: Paul Durrant <pdurrant@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240215152916.1158-7-paul@xen.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
|
|
As noted in [1] the KVM_GUEST_USES_PFN usage flag is never set by any
callers of kvm_gpc_init(), and for good reason: the implementation is
incomplete/broken. And it's not clear that there will ever be a user of
KVM_GUEST_USES_PFN, as coordinating vCPUs with mmu_notifier events is
non-trivial.
Remove KVM_GUEST_USES_PFN and all related code, e.g. dropping
KVM_GUEST_USES_PFN also makes the 'vcpu' argument redundant, to avoid
having to reason about broken code as __kvm_gpc_refresh() evolves.
Moreover, all existing callers specify KVM_HOST_USES_PFN so the usage
check in hva_to_pfn_retry() and hence the 'usage' argument to
kvm_gpc_init() are also redundant.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/ZQiR8IpqOZrOpzHC@google.com
Signed-off-by: Paul Durrant <pdurrant@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240215152916.1158-6-paul@xen.org
[sean: explicitly call out that guest usage is incomplete]
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
|
|
There is no need for the existing kvm_gpc_XXX() functions to be exported.
Clean up now before additional functions are added in subsequent patches.
Signed-off-by: Paul Durrant <pdurrant@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240215152916.1158-3-paul@xen.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
|
|
There is a pfncache unmap helper but mapping is open-coded. Arguably this
is fine because mapping is done in only one place, hva_to_pfn_retry(), but
adding the helper does make that function more readable.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Paul Durrant <pdurrant@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240215152916.1158-2-paul@xen.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
|
|
Cleanups to Kconfig definitions for KVM
* replace HAVE_KVM with an architecture-dependent symbol, when CONFIG_KVM
may or may not be available depending on CPU capabilities (MIPS)
* replace HAVE_KVM with IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KVM) for host-side code that is
not part of the KVM module, so that it is completely compiled out
* factor common "select" statements in common code instead of requiring
each architecture to specify it
|
|
It has no users anymore.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
|
|
CONFIG_IRQ_BYPASS_MANAGER is a dependency of the common code included by
CONFIG_HAVE_KVM_IRQ_BYPASS. There is no advantage in adding the corresponding
"select" directive to each architecture.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
|
|
KVM uses __KVM_HAVE_* symbols in the architecture-dependent uapi/asm/kvm.h to mask
unused definitions in include/uapi/linux/kvm.h. __KVM_HAVE_READONLY_MEM however
was nothing but a misguided attempt to define KVM_CAP_READONLY_MEM only on
architectures where KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION(KVM_CAP_READONLY_MEM) could possibly
return nonzero. This however does not make sense, and it prevented userspace
from supporting this architecture-independent feature without recompilation.
Therefore, these days __KVM_HAVE_READONLY_MEM does not mask anything and
is only used in virt/kvm/kvm_main.c. Userspace does not need to test it
and there should be no need for it to exist. Remove it and replace it
with a Kconfig symbol within Linux source code.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
|
|
Nullify the async #PF worker's local "apf" pointer immediately after the
point where the structure can be freed by the vCPU. The existing comment
is helpful, but easy to overlook as there is no associated code.
Update the comment to clarify that it can be freed by as soon as the lock
is dropped, as "after this point" isn't strictly accurate, nor does it
help understand what prevents the structure from being freed earlier.
Reviewed-by: Xu Yilun <yilun.xu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240110011533.503302-5-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
|
|
Get a reference to the target VM's address space in async_pf_execute()
instead of gifting a reference from kvm_setup_async_pf(). Keeping the
address space alive just to service an async #PF is counter-productive,
i.e. if the process is exiting and all vCPUs are dead, then NOT doing
get_user_pages_remote() and freeing the address space asap is desirable.
Handling the mm reference entirely within async_pf_execute() also
simplifies the async #PF flows as a whole, e.g. it's not immediately
obvious when the worker task vs. the vCPU task is responsible for putting
the gifted mm reference.
Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Xu Yilun <yilun.xu@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240110011533.503302-4-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
|
|
Put the async #PF worker's reference to the VM's address space as soon as
the worker is done with the mm. This will allow deferring getting a
reference to the worker itself without having to track whether or not
getting a reference succeeded.
Note, if the vCPU is still alive, there is no danger of the worker getting
stuck with tearing down the host page tables, as userspace also holds a
reference (obviously), i.e. there is no risk of delaying the page-present
notification due to triggering the slow path in mmput().
Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Xu Yilun <yilun.xu@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240110011533.503302-3-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
|
|
Always flush the per-vCPU async #PF workqueue when a vCPU is clearing its
completion queue, e.g. when a VM and all its vCPUs is being destroyed.
KVM must ensure that none of its workqueue callbacks is running when the
last reference to the KVM _module_ is put. Gifting a reference to the
associated VM prevents the workqueue callback from dereferencing freed
vCPU/VM memory, but does not prevent the KVM module from being unloaded
before the callback completes.
Drop the misguided VM refcount gifting, as calling kvm_put_kvm() from
async_pf_execute() if kvm_put_kvm() flushes the async #PF workqueue will
result in deadlock. async_pf_execute() can't return until kvm_put_kvm()
finishes, and kvm_put_kvm() can't return until async_pf_execute() finishes:
WARNING: CPU: 8 PID: 251 at virt/kvm/kvm_main.c:1435 kvm_put_kvm+0x2d/0x320 [kvm]
Modules linked in: vhost_net vhost vhost_iotlb tap kvm_intel kvm irqbypass
CPU: 8 PID: 251 Comm: kworker/8:1 Tainted: G W 6.6.0-rc1-e7af8d17224a-x86/gmem-vm #119
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015
Workqueue: events async_pf_execute [kvm]
RIP: 0010:kvm_put_kvm+0x2d/0x320 [kvm]
Call Trace:
<TASK>
async_pf_execute+0x198/0x260 [kvm]
process_one_work+0x145/0x2d0
worker_thread+0x27e/0x3a0
kthread+0xba/0xe0
ret_from_fork+0x2d/0x50
ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20
</TASK>
---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
INFO: task kworker/8:1:251 blocked for more than 120 seconds.
Tainted: G W 6.6.0-rc1-e7af8d17224a-x86/gmem-vm #119
"echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.
task:kworker/8:1 state:D stack:0 pid:251 ppid:2 flags:0x00004000
Workqueue: events async_pf_execute [kvm]
Call Trace:
<TASK>
__schedule+0x33f/0xa40
schedule+0x53/0xc0
schedule_timeout+0x12a/0x140
__wait_for_common+0x8d/0x1d0
__flush_work.isra.0+0x19f/0x2c0
kvm_clear_async_pf_completion_queue+0x129/0x190 [kvm]
kvm_arch_destroy_vm+0x78/0x1b0 [kvm]
kvm_put_kvm+0x1c1/0x320 [kvm]
async_pf_execute+0x198/0x260 [kvm]
process_one_work+0x145/0x2d0
worker_thread+0x27e/0x3a0
kthread+0xba/0xe0
ret_from_fork+0x2d/0x50
ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20
</TASK>
If kvm_clear_async_pf_completion_queue() actually flushes the workqueue,
then there's no need to gift async_pf_execute() a reference because all
invocations of async_pf_execute() will be forced to complete before the
vCPU and its VM are destroyed/freed. And that in turn fixes the module
unloading bug as __fput() won't do module_put() on the last vCPU reference
until the vCPU has been freed, e.g. if closing the vCPU file also puts the
last reference to the KVM module.
Note that kvm_check_async_pf_completion() may also take the work item off
the completion queue and so also needs to flush the work queue, as the
work will not be seen by kvm_clear_async_pf_completion_queue(). Waiting
on the workqueue could theoretically delay a vCPU due to waiting for the
work to complete, but that's a very, very small chance, and likely a very
small delay. kvm_arch_async_page_present_queued() unconditionally makes a
new request, i.e. will effectively delay entering the guest, so the
remaining work is really just:
trace_kvm_async_pf_completed(addr, cr2_or_gpa);
__kvm_vcpu_wake_up(vcpu);
mmput(mm);
and mmput() can't drop the last reference to the page tables if the vCPU is
still alive, i.e. the vCPU won't get stuck tearing down page tables.
Add a helper to do the flushing, specifically to deal with "wakeup all"
work items, as they aren't actually work items, i.e. are never placed in a
workqueue. Trying to flush a bogus workqueue entry rightly makes
__flush_work() complain (kudos to whoever added that sanity check).
Note, commit 5f6de5cbebee ("KVM: Prevent module exit until all VMs are
freed") *tried* to fix the module refcounting issue by having VMs grab a
reference to the module, but that only made the bug slightly harder to hit
as it gave async_pf_execute() a bit more time to complete before the KVM
module could be unloaded.
Fixes: af585b921e5d ("KVM: Halt vcpu if page it tries to access is swapped out")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Xu Yilun <yilun.xu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240110011533.503302-2-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
|
|
When handling the end of an mmu_notifier invalidation, WARN if
mn_active_invalidate_count is already 0 do not decrement it further, i.e.
avoid causing mn_active_invalidate_count to underflow/wrap. In the worst
case scenario, effectively corrupting mn_active_invalidate_count could
cause kvm_swap_active_memslots() to hang indefinitely.
end() calls are *supposed* to be paired with start(), i.e. underflow can
only happen if there is a bug elsewhere in the kernel, but due to lack of
lockdep assertions in the mmu_notifier helpers, it's all too easy for a
bug to go unnoticed for some time, e.g. see the recently introduced
PAGEMAP_SCAN ioctl().
Ideally, mmu_notifiers would incorporate lockdep assertions, but users of
mmu_notifiers aren't required to hold any one specific lock, i.e. adding
the necessary annotations to make lockdep aware of all locks that are
mutally exclusive with mm_take_all_locks() isn't trivial.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/000000000000f6d051060c6785bc@google.com
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240110004239.491290-1-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
|
|
Pull kvm updates from Paolo Bonzini:
"Generic:
- Use memdup_array_user() to harden against overflow.
- Unconditionally advertise KVM_CAP_DEVICE_CTRL for all
architectures.
- Clean up Kconfigs that all KVM architectures were selecting
- New functionality around "guest_memfd", a new userspace API that
creates an anonymous file and returns a file descriptor that refers
to it. guest_memfd files are bound to their owning virtual machine,
cannot be mapped, read, or written by userspace, and cannot be
resized. guest_memfd files do however support PUNCH_HOLE, which can
be used to switch a memory area between guest_memfd and regular
anonymous memory.
- New ioctl KVM_SET_MEMORY_ATTRIBUTES allowing userspace to specify
per-page attributes for a given page of guest memory; right now the
only attribute is whether the guest expects to access memory via
guest_memfd or not, which in Confidential SVMs backed by SEV-SNP,
TDX or ARM64 pKVM is checked by firmware or hypervisor that
guarantees confidentiality (AMD PSP, Intel TDX module, or EL2 in
the case of pKVM).
x86:
- Support for "software-protected VMs" that can use the new
guest_memfd and page attributes infrastructure. This is mostly
useful for testing, since there is no pKVM-like infrastructure to
provide a meaningfully reduced TCB.
- Fix a relatively benign off-by-one error when splitting huge pages
during CLEAR_DIRTY_LOG.
- Fix a bug where KVM could incorrectly test-and-clear dirty bits in
non-leaf TDP MMU SPTEs if a racing thread replaces a huge SPTE with
a non-huge SPTE.
- Use more generic lockdep assertions in paths that don't actually
care about whether the caller is a reader or a writer.
- let Xen guests opt out of having PV clock reported as "based on a
stable TSC", because some of them don't expect the "TSC stable" bit
(added to the pvclock ABI by KVM, but never set by Xen) to be set.
- Revert a bogus, made-up nested SVM consistency check for
TLB_CONTROL.
- Advertise flush-by-ASID support for nSVM unconditionally, as KVM
always flushes on nested transitions, i.e. always satisfies flush
requests. This allows running bleeding edge versions of VMware
Workstation on top of KVM.
- Sanity check that the CPU supports flush-by-ASID when enabling SEV
support.
- On AMD machines with vNMI, always rely on hardware instead of
intercepting IRET in some cases to detect unmasking of NMIs
- Support for virtualizing Linear Address Masking (LAM)
- Fix a variety of vPMU bugs where KVM fail to stop/reset counters
and other state prior to refreshing the vPMU model.
- Fix a double-overflow PMU bug by tracking emulated counter events
using a dedicated field instead of snapshotting the "previous"
counter. If the hardware PMC count triggers overflow that is
recognized in the same VM-Exit that KVM manually bumps an event
count, KVM would pend PMIs for both the hardware-triggered overflow
and for KVM-triggered overflow.
- Turn off KVM_WERROR by default for all configs so that it's not
inadvertantly enabled by non-KVM developers, which can be
problematic for subsystems that require no regressions for W=1
builds.
- Advertise all of the host-supported CPUID bits that enumerate
IA32_SPEC_CTRL "features".
- Don't force a masterclock update when a vCPU synchronizes to the
current TSC generation, as updating the masterclock can cause
kvmclock's time to "jump" unexpectedly, e.g. when userspace
hotplugs a pre-created vCPU.
- Use RIP-relative address to read kvm_rebooting in the VM-Enter
fault paths, partly as a super minor optimization, but mostly to
make KVM play nice with position independent executable builds.
- Guard KVM-on-HyperV's range-based TLB flush hooks with an #ifdef on
CONFIG_HYPERV as a minor optimization, and to self-document the
code.
- Add CONFIG_KVM_HYPERV to allow disabling KVM support for HyperV
"emulation" at build time.
ARM64:
- LPA2 support, adding 52bit IPA/PA capability for 4kB and 16kB base
granule sizes. Branch shared with the arm64 tree.
- Large Fine-Grained Trap rework, bringing some sanity to the
feature, although there is more to come. This comes with a prefix
branch shared with the arm64 tree.
- Some additional Nested Virtualization groundwork, mostly
introducing the NV2 VNCR support and retargetting the NV support to
that version of the architecture.
- A small set of vgic fixes and associated cleanups.
Loongarch:
- Optimization for memslot hugepage checking
- Cleanup and fix some HW/SW timer issues
- Add LSX/LASX (128bit/256bit SIMD) support
RISC-V:
- KVM_GET_REG_LIST improvement for vector registers
- Generate ISA extension reg_list using macros in get-reg-list
selftest
- Support for reporting steal time along with selftest
s390:
- Bugfixes
Selftests:
- Fix an annoying goof where the NX hugepage test prints out garbage
instead of the magic token needed to run the test.
- Fix build errors when a header is delete/moved due to a missing
flag in the Makefile.
- Detect if KVM bugged/killed a selftest's VM and print out a helpful
message instead of complaining that a random ioctl() failed.
- Annotate the guest printf/assert helpers with __printf(), and fix
the various bugs that were lurking due to lack of said annotation"
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (185 commits)
x86/kvm: Do not try to disable kvmclock if it was not enabled
KVM: x86: add missing "depends on KVM"
KVM: fix direction of dependency on MMU notifiers
KVM: introduce CONFIG_KVM_COMMON
KVM: arm64: Add missing memory barriers when switching to pKVM's hyp pgd
KVM: arm64: vgic-its: Avoid potential UAF in LPI translation cache
RISC-V: KVM: selftests: Add get-reg-list test for STA registers
RISC-V: KVM: selftests: Add steal_time test support
RISC-V: KVM: selftests: Add guest_sbi_probe_extension
RISC-V: KVM: selftests: Move sbi_ecall to processor.c
RISC-V: KVM: Implement SBI STA extension
RISC-V: KVM: Add support for SBI STA registers
RISC-V: KVM: Add support for SBI extension registers
RISC-V: KVM: Add SBI STA info to vcpu_arch
RISC-V: KVM: Add steal-update vcpu request
RISC-V: KVM: Add SBI STA extension skeleton
RISC-V: paravirt: Implement steal-time support
RISC-V: Add SBI STA extension definitions
RISC-V: paravirt: Add skeleton for pv-time support
RISC-V: KVM: Fix indentation in kvm_riscv_vcpu_set_reg_csr()
...
|