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Pedro Pinto and later independently also Hyunwoo Kim and Wongi Lee reported
an issue that the tcx_entry can be released too early leading to a use
after free (UAF) when an active old-style ingress or clsact qdisc with a
shared tc block is later replaced by another ingress or clsact instance.
Essentially, the sequence to trigger the UAF (one example) can be as follows:
1. A network namespace is created
2. An ingress qdisc is created. This allocates a tcx_entry, and
&tcx_entry->miniq is stored in the qdisc's miniqp->p_miniq. At the
same time, a tcf block with index 1 is created.
3. chain0 is attached to the tcf block. chain0 must be connected to
the block linked to the ingress qdisc to later reach the function
tcf_chain0_head_change_cb_del() which triggers the UAF.
4. Create and graft a clsact qdisc. This causes the ingress qdisc
created in step 1 to be removed, thus freeing the previously linked
tcx_entry:
rtnetlink_rcv_msg()
=> tc_modify_qdisc()
=> qdisc_create()
=> clsact_init() [a]
=> qdisc_graft()
=> qdisc_destroy()
=> __qdisc_destroy()
=> ingress_destroy() [b]
=> tcx_entry_free()
=> kfree_rcu() // tcx_entry freed
5. Finally, the network namespace is closed. This registers the
cleanup_net worker, and during the process of releasing the
remaining clsact qdisc, it accesses the tcx_entry that was
already freed in step 4, causing the UAF to occur:
cleanup_net()
=> ops_exit_list()
=> default_device_exit_batch()
=> unregister_netdevice_many()
=> unregister_netdevice_many_notify()
=> dev_shutdown()
=> qdisc_put()
=> clsact_destroy() [c]
=> tcf_block_put_ext()
=> tcf_chain0_head_change_cb_del()
=> tcf_chain_head_change_item()
=> clsact_chain_head_change()
=> mini_qdisc_pair_swap() // UAF
There are also other variants, the gist is to add an ingress (or clsact)
qdisc with a specific shared block, then to replace that qdisc, waiting
for the tcx_entry kfree_rcu() to be executed and subsequently accessing
the current active qdisc's miniq one way or another.
The correct fix is to turn the miniq_active boolean into a counter. What
can be observed, at step 2 above, the counter transitions from 0->1, at
step [a] from 1->2 (in order for the miniq object to remain active during
the replacement), then in [b] from 2->1 and finally [c] 1->0 with the
eventual release. The reference counter in general ranges from [0,2] and
it does not need to be atomic since all access to the counter is protected
by the rtnl mutex. With this in place, there is no longer a UAF happening
and the tcx_entry is freed at the correct time.
Fixes: e420bed02507 ("bpf: Add fd-based tcx multi-prog infra with link support")
Reported-by: Pedro Pinto <xten@osec.io>
Co-developed-by: Pedro Pinto <xten@osec.io>
Signed-off-by: Pedro Pinto <xten@osec.io>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Cc: Hyunwoo Kim <v4bel@theori.io>
Cc: Wongi Lee <qwerty@theori.io>
Cc: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240708133130.11609-1-daniel@iogearbox.net
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>
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The module sch_ingress stands out among net/sched modules
because it provides multiple act/sch functionalities in a single .ko.
They have aliases to make autoloading work for any of the provided
functionalities.
Since the autoloading was changed to uniformly request any functionality
under its alias, the non-systemic aliases can be removed now (i.e.
assuming the alias were only used to ensure autoloading).
Signed-off-by: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Reviewed-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240201130943.19536-5-mkoutny@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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No functional change intended, aliases will be used in followup commits.
Note for backporters: you may need to add aliases also for modules that
are already removed in mainline kernel but still in your version.
Patches were generated with the help of Coccinelle scripts like:
cat >scripts/coccinelle/misc/tcf_alias.cocci <<EOD
virtual patch
virtual report
@ haskernel @
@@
@ tcf_has_kind depends on report && haskernel @
identifier ops;
constant K;
@@
static struct tcf_proto_ops ops = {
.kind = K,
...
};
+char module_alias = K;
EOD
/usr/bin/spatch -D report --cocci-file scripts/coccinelle/misc/tcf_alias.cocci \
--dir . \
-I ./arch/x86/include -I ./arch/x86/include/generated -I ./include \
-I ./arch/x86/include/uapi -I ./arch/x86/include/generated/uapi \
-I ./include/uapi -I ./include/generated/uapi \
--include ./include/linux/compiler-version.h --include ./include/linux/kconfig.h \
--jobs 8 --chunksize 1 2>/dev/null | \
sed 's/char module_alias = "\([^"]*\)";/MODULE_ALIAS_NET_CLS("\1");/'
And analogously for:
static struct tc_action_ops ops = {
.kind = K,
static struct Qdisc_ops ops = {
.id = K,
(Someone familiar would be able to fit those into one .cocci file
without sed post processing.)
Signed-off-by: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Reviewed-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240201130943.19536-3-mkoutny@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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W=1 builds now warn if module is built without a MODULE_DESCRIPTION().
Fill in missing MODULE_DESCRIPTIONs for TC qdiscs.
Signed-off-by: Victor Nogueira <victor@mojatatu.com>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Reviewed-by: Vinicius Costa Gomes <vinicius.gomes@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231027155045.46291-4-victor@mojatatu.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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On qdisc destruction, the ingress_destroy() needs to update the correct
entry, that is, tcx_entry_update must NULL the dev->tcx_ingress pointer.
Therefore, fix the typo.
Fixes: e420bed02507 ("bpf: Add fd-based tcx multi-prog infra with link support")
Reported-by: syzbot+bdcf141f362ef83335cf@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Reported-by: syzbot+b202b7208664142954fa@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Reported-by: syzbot+14736e249bce46091c18@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Tested-by: syzbot+bdcf141f362ef83335cf@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Tested-by: syzbot+b202b7208664142954fa@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Tested-by: syzbot+14736e249bce46091c18@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Tested-by: Petr Machata <petrm@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230721233330.5678-1-daniel@iogearbox.net
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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This work refactors and adds a lightweight extension ("tcx") to the tc BPF
ingress and egress data path side for allowing BPF program management based
on fds via bpf() syscall through the newly added generic multi-prog API.
The main goal behind this work which we also presented at LPC [0] last year
and a recent update at LSF/MM/BPF this year [3] is to support long-awaited
BPF link functionality for tc BPF programs, which allows for a model of safe
ownership and program detachment.
Given the rise in tc BPF users in cloud native environments, this becomes
necessary to avoid hard to debug incidents either through stale leftover
programs or 3rd party applications accidentally stepping on each others toes.
As a recap, a BPF link represents the attachment of a BPF program to a BPF
hook point. The BPF link holds a single reference to keep BPF program alive.
Moreover, hook points do not reference a BPF link, only the application's
fd or pinning does. A BPF link holds meta-data specific to attachment and
implements operations for link creation, (atomic) BPF program update,
detachment and introspection. The motivation for BPF links for tc BPF programs
is multi-fold, for example:
- From Meta: "It's especially important for applications that are deployed
fleet-wide and that don't "control" hosts they are deployed to. If such
application crashes and no one notices and does anything about that, BPF
program will keep running draining resources or even just, say, dropping
packets. We at FB had outages due to such permanent BPF attachment
semantics. With fd-based BPF link we are getting a framework, which allows
safe, auto-detachable behavior by default, unless application explicitly
opts in by pinning the BPF link." [1]
- From Cilium-side the tc BPF programs we attach to host-facing veth devices
and phys devices build the core datapath for Kubernetes Pods, and they
implement forwarding, load-balancing, policy, EDT-management, etc, within
BPF. Currently there is no concept of 'safe' ownership, e.g. we've recently
experienced hard-to-debug issues in a user's staging environment where
another Kubernetes application using tc BPF attached to the same prio/handle
of cls_bpf, accidentally wiping all Cilium-based BPF programs from underneath
it. The goal is to establish a clear/safe ownership model via links which
cannot accidentally be overridden. [0,2]
BPF links for tc can co-exist with non-link attachments, and the semantics are
in line also with XDP links: BPF links cannot replace other BPF links, BPF
links cannot replace non-BPF links, non-BPF links cannot replace BPF links and
lastly only non-BPF links can replace non-BPF links. In case of Cilium, this
would solve mentioned issue of safe ownership model as 3rd party applications
would not be able to accidentally wipe Cilium programs, even if they are not
BPF link aware.
Earlier attempts [4] have tried to integrate BPF links into core tc machinery
to solve cls_bpf, which has been intrusive to the generic tc kernel API with
extensions only specific to cls_bpf and suboptimal/complex since cls_bpf could
be wiped from the qdisc also. Locking a tc BPF program in place this way, is
getting into layering hacks given the two object models are vastly different.
We instead implemented the tcx (tc 'express') layer which is an fd-based tc BPF
attach API, so that the BPF link implementation blends in naturally similar to
other link types which are fd-based and without the need for changing core tc
internal APIs. BPF programs for tc can then be successively migrated from classic
cls_bpf to the new tc BPF link without needing to change the program's source
code, just the BPF loader mechanics for attaching is sufficient.
For the current tc framework, there is no change in behavior with this change
and neither does this change touch on tc core kernel APIs. The gist of this
patch is that the ingress and egress hook have a lightweight, qdisc-less
extension for BPF to attach its tc BPF programs, in other words, a minimal
entry point for tc BPF. The name tcx has been suggested from discussion of
earlier revisions of this work as a good fit, and to more easily differ between
the classic cls_bpf attachment and the fd-based one.
For the ingress and egress tcx points, the device holds a cache-friendly array
with program pointers which is separated from control plane (slow-path) data.
Earlier versions of this work used priority to determine ordering and expression
of dependencies similar as with classic tc, but it was challenged that for
something more future-proof a better user experience is required. Hence this
resulted in the design and development of the generic attach/detach/query API
for multi-progs. See prior patch with its discussion on the API design. tcx is
the first user and later we plan to integrate also others, for example, one
candidate is multi-prog support for XDP which would benefit and have the same
'look and feel' from API perspective.
The goal with tcx is to have maximum compatibility to existing tc BPF programs,
so they don't need to be rewritten specifically. Compatibility to call into
classic tcf_classify() is also provided in order to allow successive migration
or both to cleanly co-exist where needed given its all one logical tc layer and
the tcx plus classic tc cls/act build one logical overall processing pipeline.
tcx supports the simplified return codes TCX_NEXT which is non-terminating (go
to next program) and terminating ones with TCX_PASS, TCX_DROP, TCX_REDIRECT.
The fd-based API is behind a static key, so that when unused the code is also
not entered. The struct tcx_entry's program array is currently static, but
could be made dynamic if necessary at a point in future. The a/b pair swap
design has been chosen so that for detachment there are no allocations which
otherwise could fail.
The work has been tested with tc-testing selftest suite which all passes, as
well as the tc BPF tests from the BPF CI, and also with Cilium's L4LB.
Thanks also to Nikolay Aleksandrov and Martin Lau for in-depth early reviews
of this work.
[0] https://lpc.events/event/16/contributions/1353/
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/CAEf4BzbokCJN33Nw_kg82sO=xppXnKWEncGTWCTB9vGCmLB6pw@mail.gmail.com
[2] https://colocatedeventseu2023.sched.com/event/1Jo6O/tales-from-an-ebpf-programs-murder-mystery-hemanth-malla-guillaume-fournier-datadog
[3] http://vger.kernel.org/bpfconf2023_material/tcx_meta_netdev_borkmann.pdf
[4] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20210604063116.234316-1-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719140858.13224-3-daniel@iogearbox.net
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Currently it is possible to add e.g. an HTB Qdisc under ffff:fff1
(TC_H_INGRESS, TC_H_CLSACT):
$ ip link add name ifb0 type ifb
$ tc qdisc add dev ifb0 parent ffff:fff1 htb
$ tc qdisc add dev ifb0 clsact
Error: Exclusivity flag on, cannot modify.
$ drgn
...
>>> ifb0 = netdev_get_by_name(prog, "ifb0")
>>> qdisc = ifb0.ingress_queue.qdisc_sleeping
>>> print(qdisc.ops.id.string_().decode())
htb
>>> qdisc.flags.value_() # TCQ_F_INGRESS
2
Only allow ingress and clsact Qdiscs under ffff:fff1. Return -EINVAL
for everything else. Make TCQ_F_INGRESS a static flag of ingress and
clsact Qdiscs.
Fixes: 1da177e4c3f4 ("Linux-2.6.12-rc2")
Fixes: 1f211a1b929c ("net, sched: add clsact qdisc")
Tested-by: Pedro Tammela <pctammela@mojatatu.com>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Reviewed-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Reviewed-by: Vlad Buslov <vladbu@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Peilin Ye <peilin.ye@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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clsact Qdiscs are only supposed to be created under TC_H_CLSACT (which
equals TC_H_INGRESS). Return -EOPNOTSUPP if 'parent' is not
TC_H_CLSACT.
Fixes: 1f211a1b929c ("net, sched: add clsact qdisc")
Tested-by: Pedro Tammela <pctammela@mojatatu.com>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Reviewed-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Reviewed-by: Vlad Buslov <vladbu@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Peilin Ye <peilin.ye@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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ingress Qdiscs are only supposed to be created under TC_H_INGRESS.
Return -EOPNOTSUPP if 'parent' is not TC_H_INGRESS, similar to
mq_init().
Fixes: 1da177e4c3f4 ("Linux-2.6.12-rc2")
Reported-by: syzbot+b53a9c0d1ea4ad62da8b@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/r/0000000000006cf87705f79acf1a@google.com/
Tested-by: Pedro Tammela <pctammela@mojatatu.com>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Reviewed-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Reviewed-by: Vlad Buslov <vladbu@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Peilin Ye <peilin.ye@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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On ingress and cls_act qdiscs init, save the block on ingress
mini_Qdisc and and pass it on to ingress classification, so it
can be used for the looking up a specified chain index.
Co-developed-by: Vlad Buslov <vladbu@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Vlad Buslov <vladbu@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Blakey <paulb@mellanox.com>
Reviewed-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Saeed Mahameed <saeedm@mellanox.com>
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Rename from TCF_BLOCK_BINDER_TYPE_* to FLOW_BLOCK_BINDER_TYPE_* and
remove temporary tcf_block_binder_type alias.
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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To remove rtnl lock dependency in tc filter update API when using clsact
Qdisc, set QDISC_CLASS_OPS_DOIT_UNLOCKED flag in clsact Qdisc_class_ops.
Clsact Qdisc ops don't require any modifications to be used without rtnl
lock on tc filter update path. Implementation never changes its q->block
and only releases it when Qdisc is being destroyed. This means it is enough
for RTM_{NEWTFILTER|DELTFILTER|GETTFILTER} message handlers to hold clsact
Qdisc reference while using it without relying on rtnl lock protection.
Unlocked Qdisc ops support is already implemented in filter update path by
unlocked cls API patch set.
Signed-off-by: Vlad Buslov <vladbu@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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To remove rtnl lock dependency in tc filter update API when using ingress
Qdisc, set QDISC_CLASS_OPS_DOIT_UNLOCKED flag in ingress Qdisc_class_ops.
Ingress Qdisc ops don't require any modifications to be used without rtnl
lock on tc filter update path. Ingress implementation never changes its
q->block and only releases it when Qdisc is being destroyed. This means it
is enough for RTM_{NEWTFILTER|DELTFILTER|GETTFILTER} message handlers to
hold ingress Qdisc reference while using it without relying on rtnl lock
protection. Unlocked Qdisc ops support is already implemented in filter
update path by unlocked cls API patch set.
Signed-off-by: Vlad Buslov <vladbu@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Based on 1 normalized pattern(s):
this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify
it under the terms of the gnu general public license as published by
the free software foundation either version 2 of the license or at
your option any later version
extracted by the scancode license scanner the SPDX license identifier
GPL-2.0-or-later
has been chosen to replace the boilerplate/reference in 3029 file(s).
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Allison Randal <allison@lohutok.net>
Cc: linux-spdx@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190527070032.746973796@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Even if the NLA_F_NESTED flag was introduced more than 11 years ago, most
netlink based interfaces (including recently added ones) are still not
setting it in kernel generated messages. Without the flag, message parsers
not aware of attribute semantics (e.g. wireshark dissector or libmnl's
mnl_nlmsg_fprintf()) cannot recognize nested attributes and won't display
the structure of their contents.
Unfortunately we cannot just add the flag everywhere as there may be
userspace applications which check nlattr::nla_type directly rather than
through a helper masking out the flags. Therefore the patch renames
nla_nest_start() to nla_nest_start_noflag() and introduces nla_nest_start()
as a wrapper adding NLA_F_NESTED. The calls which add NLA_F_NESTED manually
are rewritten to use nla_nest_start().
Except for changes in include/net/netlink.h, the patch was generated using
this semantic patch:
@@ expression E1, E2; @@
-nla_nest_start(E1, E2)
+nla_nest_start_noflag(E1, E2)
@@ expression E1, E2; @@
-nla_nest_start_noflag(E1, E2 | NLA_F_NESTED)
+nla_nest_start(E1, E2)
Signed-off-by: Michal Kubecek <mkubecek@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com>
Acked-by: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Benefit from the previously introduced shared filter blocks
infrastructure and allow ingress and clsact qdisc instances to share
filter blocks. The block index is coming from userspace as qdisc option.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Acked-by: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Overlapping changes all over.
The mini-qdisc bits were a little bit tricky, however.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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While working on fixing another bug, I ran into the following panic
on arm64 by simply attaching clsact qdisc, adding a filter and running
traffic on ingress to it:
[...]
[ 178.188591] Unable to handle kernel read from unreadable memory at virtual address 810fb501f000
[ 178.197314] Mem abort info:
[ 178.200121] ESR = 0x96000004
[ 178.203168] Exception class = DABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits
[ 178.209095] SET = 0, FnV = 0
[ 178.212157] EA = 0, S1PTW = 0
[ 178.215288] Data abort info:
[ 178.218175] ISV = 0, ISS = 0x00000004
[ 178.222019] CM = 0, WnR = 0
[ 178.224997] user pgtable: 4k pages, 48-bit VAs, pgd = 0000000023cb3f33
[ 178.231531] [0000810fb501f000] *pgd=0000000000000000
[ 178.236508] Internal error: Oops: 96000004 [#1] SMP
[...]
[ 178.311855] CPU: 73 PID: 2497 Comm: ping Tainted: G W 4.15.0-rc7+ #5
[ 178.319413] Hardware name: FOXCONN R2-1221R-A4/C2U4N_MB, BIOS G31FB18A 03/31/2017
[ 178.326887] pstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO)
[ 178.331685] pc : __netif_receive_skb_core+0x49c/0xac8
[ 178.336728] lr : __netif_receive_skb+0x28/0x78
[ 178.341161] sp : ffff00002344b750
[ 178.344465] x29: ffff00002344b750 x28: ffff810fbdfd0580
[ 178.349769] x27: 0000000000000000 x26: ffff000009378000
[...]
[ 178.418715] x1 : 0000000000000054 x0 : 0000000000000000
[ 178.424020] Process ping (pid: 2497, stack limit = 0x000000009f0a3ff4)
[ 178.430537] Call trace:
[ 178.432976] __netif_receive_skb_core+0x49c/0xac8
[ 178.437670] __netif_receive_skb+0x28/0x78
[ 178.441757] process_backlog+0x9c/0x160
[ 178.445584] net_rx_action+0x2f8/0x3f0
[...]
Reason is that sch_ingress and sch_clsact are doing mini_qdisc_pair_init()
which sets up miniq pointers to cpu_{b,q}stats from the underlying qdisc.
Problem is that this cannot work since they are actually set up right after
the qdisc ->init() callback in qdisc_create(), so first packet going into
sch_handle_ingress() tries to call mini_qdisc_bstats_cpu_update() and we
therefore panic.
In order to fix this, allocation of {b,q}stats needs to happen before we
call into ->init(). In net-next, there's already such option through commit
d59f5ffa59d8 ("net: sched: a dflt qdisc may be used with per cpu stats").
However, the bug needs to be fixed in net still for 4.15. Thus, include
these bits to reduce any merge churn and reuse the static_flags field to
set TCQ_F_CPUSTATS, and remove the allocation from qdisc_create() since
there is no other user left. Prashant Bhole ran into the same issue but
for net-next, thus adding him below as well as co-author. Same issue was
also reported by Sandipan Das when using bcc.
Fixes: 46209401f8f6 ("net: core: introduce mini_Qdisc and eliminate usage of tp->q for clsact fastpath")
Reference: https://lists.iovisor.org/pipermail/iovisor-dev/2018-January/001190.html
Reported-by: Sandipan Das <sandipan@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Co-authored-by: Prashant Bhole <bhole_prashant_q7@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Co-authored-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Cc: Jiri Pirko <jiri@resnulli.us>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This patch adds extack support for the function tcf_block_get which is
a common used function in the tc subsystem. Callers which are interested
in the receiving error can assign extack to get a more detailed
information why tcf_block_get failed.
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Aring <aring@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This patch adds extack support for block callback to prepare per-qdisc
specific changes for extack.
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Aring <aring@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This patch adds extack support for init callback to prepare per-qdisc
specific changes for extack.
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Aring <aring@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Move static key increments to the beginning of the init function
so they pair 1:1 with decrements in ingress/clsact_destroy,
which is called in case ingress/clsact_init fails.
Fixes: 6529eaba33f0 ("net: sched: introduce tcf block infractructure")
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com>
Acked-by: Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Since in qdisc_create, the destroy op is called when init fails, we
don't do cleanup in init and leave it up to destroy.
This fixes use-after-free when trying to put already freed block.
Fixes: 6e40cf2d4dee ("net: sched: use extended variants of block_get/put in ingress and clsact qdiscs")
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com>
Acked-by: Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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In sch_handle_egress and sch_handle_ingress tp->q is used only in order
to update stats. So stats and filter list are the only things that are
needed in clsact qdisc fastpath processing. Introduce new mini_Qdisc
struct to hold those items. Also, introduce a helper to swap the
mini_Qdisc structures in case filter list head changes.
This removes need for tp->q usage without added overhead.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Add a callback that is to be called whenever head of the chain changes.
Also provide a callback for the default case when the caller gets a
block using non-extended getter.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Use previously introduced extended variants of block get and put
functions. This allows to specify a binder types specific to clsact
ingress/egress which is useful for drivers to distinguish who actually
got the block.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Prepare for removal of tp->q and store Qdisc pointer in the block
structure.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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For TC classes, their ->get() and ->put() are always paired, and the
reference counting is completely useless, because:
1) For class modification and dumping paths, we already hold RTNL lock,
so all of these ->get(),->change(),->put() are atomic.
2) For filter bindiing/unbinding, we use other reference counter than
this one, and they should have RTNL lock too.
3) For ->qlen_notify(), it is special because it is called on ->enqueue()
path, but we already hold qdisc tree lock there, and we hold this
tree lock when graft or delete the class too, so it should not be gone
or changed until we release the tree lock.
Therefore, this patch removes ->get() and ->put(), but:
1) Adds a new ->find() to find the pointer to a class by classid, no
refcnt.
2) Move the original class destroy upon the last refcnt into ->delete(),
right after releasing tree lock. This is fine because the class is
already removed from hash when holding the lock.
For those who also use ->put() as ->unbind(), just rename them to reflect
this change.
Cc: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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cops->tcf_cl_offload is no longer needed, as the drivers check what they
can and cannot offload using the classid identify helpers. So remove this.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Currently, the filter chains are direcly put into the private structures
of qdiscs. In order to be able to have multiple chains per qdisc and to
allow filter chains sharing among qdiscs, there is a need for common
object that would hold the chains. This introduces such object and calls
it "tcf_block".
Helpers to get and put the blocks are provided to be called from
individual qdisc code. Also, the original filter_list pointers are left
in qdisc privs to allow the entry into tcf_block processing without any
added overhead of possible multiple pointer dereference on fast path.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Creation is done in this file, move destruction to be at the same place.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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When offloading classifiers such as u32 or flower to hardware, and the
qdisc is clsact (TC_H_CLSACT), then we need to differentiate its classes,
since not all of them handle ingress, therefore we must leave those in
software path. Add a .tcf_cl_offload() callback, so we can generically
handle them, tested on ixgbe.
Fixes: 10cbc6843446 ("net/sched: cls_flower: Hardware offloaded filters statistics support")
Fixes: 5b33f48842fa ("net/flower: Introduce hardware offload support")
Fixes: a1b7c5fd7fe9 ("net: sched: add cls_u32 offload hooks for netdevs")
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This work adds a generalization of the ingress qdisc as a qdisc holding
only classifiers. The clsact qdisc works on ingress, but also on egress.
In both cases, it's execution happens without taking the qdisc lock, and
the main difference for the egress part compared to prior version of [1]
is that this can be applied with _any_ underlying real egress qdisc (also
classless ones).
Besides solving the use-case of [1], that is, allowing for more programmability
on assigning skb->priority for the mqprio case that is supported by most
popular 10G+ NICs, it also opens up a lot more flexibility for other tc
applications. The main work on classification can already be done at clsact
egress time if the use-case allows and state stored for later retrieval
f.e. again in skb->priority with major/minors (which is checked by most
classful qdiscs before consulting tc_classify()) and/or in other skb fields
like skb->tc_index for some light-weight post-processing to get to the
eventual classid in case of a classful qdisc. Another use case is that
the clsact egress part allows to have a central egress counterpart to
the ingress classifiers, so that classifiers can easily share state (e.g.
in cls_bpf via eBPF maps) for ingress and egress.
Currently, default setups like mq + pfifo_fast would require for this to
use, for example, prio qdisc instead (to get a tc_classify() run) and to
duplicate the egress classifier for each queue. With clsact, it allows
for leaving the setup as is, it can additionally assign skb->priority to
put the skb in one of pfifo_fast's bands and it can share state with maps.
Moreover, we can access the skb's dst entry (f.e. to retrieve tclassid)
w/o the need to perform a skb_dst_force() to hold on to it any longer. In
lwt case, we can also use this facility to setup dst metadata via cls_bpf
(bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key()) without needing a real egress qdisc just for
that (case of IFF_NO_QUEUE devices, for example).
The realization can be done without any changes to the scheduler core
framework. All it takes is that we have two a-priori defined minors/child
classes, where we can mux between ingress and egress classifier list
(dev->ingress_cl_list and dev->egress_cl_list, latter stored close to
dev->_tx to avoid extra cacheline miss for moderate loads). The egress
part is a bit similar modelled to handle_ing() and patched to a noop in
case the functionality is not used. Both handlers are now called
sch_handle_ingress() and sch_handle_egress(), code sharing among the two
doesn't seem practical as there are various minor differences in both
paths, so that making them conditional in a single handler would rather
slow things down.
Full compatibility to ingress qdisc is provided as well. Since both
piggyback on TC_H_CLSACT, only one of them (ingress/clsact) can exist
per netdevice, and thus ingress qdisc specific behaviour can be retained
for user space. This means, either a user does 'tc qdisc add dev foo ingress'
and configures ingress qdisc as usual, or the 'tc qdisc add dev foo clsact'
alternative, where both, ingress and egress classifier can be configured
as in the below example. ingress qdisc supports attaching classifier to any
minor number whereas clsact has two fixed minors for muxing between the
lists, therefore to not break user space setups, they are better done as
two separate qdiscs.
I decided to extend the sch_ingress module with clsact functionality so
that commonly used code can be reused, the module is being aliased with
sch_clsact so that it can be auto-loaded properly. Alternative would have been
to add a flag when initializing ingress to alter its behaviour plus aliasing
to a different name (as it's more than just ingress). However, the first would
end up, based on the flag, choosing the new/old behaviour by calling different
function implementations to handle each anyway, the latter would require to
register ingress qdisc once again under different alias. So, this really begs
to provide a minimal, cleaner approach to have Qdisc_ops and Qdisc_class_ops
by its own that share callbacks used by both.
Example, adding qdisc:
# tc qdisc add dev foo clsact
# tc qdisc show dev foo
qdisc mq 0: root
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :1 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :2 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :3 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :4 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc clsact ffff: parent ffff:fff1
Adding filters (deleting, etc works analogous by specifying ingress/egress):
# tc filter add dev foo ingress bpf da obj bar.o sec ingress
# tc filter add dev foo egress bpf da obj bar.o sec egress
# tc filter show dev foo ingress
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf handle 0x1 bar.o:[ingress] direct-action
# tc filter show dev foo egress
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf handle 0x1 bar.o:[egress] direct-action
A 'tc filter show dev foo' or 'tc filter show dev foo parent ffff:' will
show an empty list for clsact. Either using the parent names (ingress/egress)
or specifying the full major/minor will then show the related filter lists.
Prior work on a mqprio prequeue() facility [1] was done mainly by John Fastabend.
[1] http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/patch/512949/
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Ingress qdisc has no other purpose than calling into tc_classify()
that executes attached classifier(s) and action(s).
It has a 1:1 relationship to dev->ingress_queue. After having commit
087c1a601ad7 ("net: sched: run ingress qdisc without locks") removed
the central ingress lock, one major contention point is gone.
The extra indirection layers however, are not necessary for calling
into ingress qdisc. pktgen calling locally into netif_receive_skb()
with a dummy u32, single CPU result on a Supermicro X10SLM-F, Xeon
E3-1240: before ~21,1 Mpps, after patch ~22,9 Mpps.
We can redirect the private classifier list to the netdev directly,
without changing any classifier API bits (!) and execute on that from
handle_ing() side. The __QDISC_STATE_DEACTIVATE test can be removed,
ingress qdisc doesn't have a queue and thus dev_deactivate_queue()
is also not applicable, ingress_cl_list provides similar behaviour.
In other words, ingress qdisc acts like TCQ_F_BUILTIN qdisc.
One next possible step is the removal of the dev's ingress (dummy)
netdev_queue, and to only have the list member in the netdevice
itself.
Note, the filter chain is RCU protected and individual filter elements
are being kfree'd by sched subsystem after RCU grace period. RCU read
lock is being held by __netif_receive_skb_core().
Joint work with Alexei Starovoitov.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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TC classifiers/actions were converted to RCU by John in the series:
http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.network/329739/focus=329739
and many follow on patches.
This is the last patch from that series that finally drops
ingress spin_lock.
Single cpu ingress+u32 performance goes from 22.9 Mpps to 24.5 Mpps.
In two cpu case when both cores are receiving traffic on the same
device and go into the same ingress+u32 the performance jumps
from 4.5 + 4.5 Mpps to 23.5 + 23.5 Mpps
Signed-off-by: John Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
Signed-off-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Acked-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Even if we make use of classifier and actions from the egress
path, we're going into handle_ing() executing additional code
on a per-packet cost for ingress qdisc, just to realize that
nothing is attached on ingress.
Instead, this can just be blinded out as a no-op entirely with
the use of a static key. On input fast-path, we already make
use of static keys in various places, e.g. skb time stamping,
in RPS, etc. It makes sense to not waste time when we're assured
that no ingress qdisc is attached anywhere.
Enabling/disabling of that code path is being done via two
helpers, namely net_{inc,dec}_ingress_queue(), that are being
invoked under RTNL mutex when a ingress qdisc is being either
initialized or destructed.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This adds helpers to manipulate qstats logic and replaces locations
that touch the counters directly. This simplifies future patches
to push qstats onto per cpu counters.
Signed-off-by: John Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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rcu'ify tcf_proto this allows calling tc_classify() without holding
any locks. Updaters are protected by RTNL.
This patch prepares the core net_sched infrastracture for running
the classifier/action chains without holding the qdisc lock however
it does nothing to ensure cls_xxx and act_xxx types also work without
locking. Additional patches are required to address the fall out.
Signed-off-by: John Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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nla_nest_end() already has return skb->len, so replace
return skb->len with return nla_nest_end instead().
Signed-off-by: Yang Yingliang <yangyingliang@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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HTB takes into account skb is segmented in stats updates.
Generalize this to all schedulers.
They should use qdisc_bstats_update() helper instead of manipulating
bstats.bytes and bstats.packets
Add bstats_update() helper too for classes that use
gnet_stats_basic_packed fields.
Note : Right now, TCQ_F_CAN_BYPASS shortcurt can be taken only if no
stab is setup on qdisc.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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This patch removes from net/ (but not any netfilter files)
all the unnecessary return; statements that precede the
last closing brace of void functions.
It does not remove the returns that are immediately
preceded by a label as gcc doesn't like that.
Done via:
$ grep -rP --include=*.[ch] -l "return;\n}" net/ | \
xargs perl -i -e 'local $/ ; while (<>) { s/\n[ \t\n]+return;\n}/\n}/g; print; }'
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Some schedulers don't support creating, changing or deleting classes.
Make the respective callbacks optionally and consistently return
-EOPNOTSUPP for unsupported operations, instead of currently either
-EOPNOTSUPP, -ENOSYS or no error.
In case of sch_prio and sch_multiq, the removed operations additionally
checked for an invalid class. This is not necessary since the class
argument can only orginate from ->get() or in case of ->change is 0
for creation of new classes, in which case ->change() incorrectly
returned -ENOENT.
As a side-effect, this patch fixes a possible (root-only) NULL pointer
function call in sch_ingress, which didn't implement a so far mandatory
->delete() operation.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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If the parent qdisc doesn't support classes, use EOPNOTSUPP.
If the parent class doesn't exist, use ENOENT. Currently EINVAL
is returned in both cases.
Additionally check whether grafting is supported and remove a now
unnecessary graft function from sch_ingress.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Signed-off-by: Jussi Kivilinna <jussi.kivilinna@mbnet.fi>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Pass double tcf_proto pointers to tcf_destroy_chain() to make it
clear the start of the filter list for more consistency.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Since the old policer code is gone, TC actions are needed for policing.
The ingress qdisc can get packets directly from netif_receive_skb()
in case TC actions are enabled or through netfilter otherwise, but
since without TC actions there is no policer the only thing it actually
does is count packets.
Remove the netfilter support and always require TC actions.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <hadi@cyberus.ca>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Use nla_nest_start/nla_nest_end for dumping nested attributes.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Convert packet schedulers to use the netlink API. Unfortunately a gradual
conversion is not possible without breaking compilation in the middle or
adding lots of casts, so this patch converts them all in one step. The
patch has been mostly generated automatically with some minor edits to
at least allow seperate conversion of classifiers and actions.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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The printk about ingress qdisc registration error can't be triggered
under normal circumstances. Since register_qdisc only fails for two
identical registrations, the only way to trigger it is by loading the
sch_ingress modules multiple times under different names, in which
case we already return -EEXIST to userspace.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <hadi@cyberus.ca>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Move the repeating "ifndef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ACT/ifdef CONFIG_NETFILTER"
ifdefs into a single condition.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <hadi@cyberus.ca>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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