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This implements {copy_to,clear}_user() by faulting in the userland
pages and then using the regular kernel mem{cpy,set}() to copy the
data (while holding the page table lock). This is a win if the regular
mem{cpy,set}() implementations are faster than the user copy functions,
which is the case e.g. on Feroceon, where 8-word STMs (which memcpy()
uses under the right conditions) give significantly higher memory write
throughput than a sequence of individual 32bit stores.
Here are numbers for page sized buffers on some Feroceon cores:
- copy_to_user on Orion5x goes from 51 MB/s to 83 MB/s
- clear_user on Orion5x goes from 89MB/s to 314MB/s
- copy_to_user on Kirkwood goes from 240 MB/s to 356 MB/s
- clear_user on Kirkwood goes from 367 MB/s to 1108 MB/s
- copy_to_user on Disco-Duo goes from 248 MB/s to 398 MB/s
- clear_user on Disco-Duo goes from 328 MB/s to 1741 MB/s
Because the setup cost is non negligible, this is worthwhile only if
the amount of data to copy is large enough. The operation falls back
to the standard implementation when the amount of data is below a certain
threshold. This threshold was determined empirically, however some targets
could benefit from a lower runtime determined value for optimal results
eventually.
In the copy_from_user() case, this technique does not provide any
worthwhile performance gain due to the fact that any kind of read access
allocates the cache and subsequent 32bit loads are just as fast as the
equivalent 8-word LDM.
Signed-off-by: Lennert Buytenhek <buytenh@marvell.com>
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@marvell.com>
Tested-by: Martin Michlmayr <tbm@cyrius.com>
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The CLPS7500 platform has not built since 2.6.22-git7 and there
seems to be no interest in fixing it. So, remove the platform
support.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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MMUless systems have only one address space for all threads, so
both the usual access_ok() checks, and the exception handling do
not make much sense.
Hence, discard the fixup and exception tables at link time, use
memcpy/memset for the user copy/clearing functions, and define
the permission check macros to be constants.
Some of this patch was derived from the equivalent patch by
Hyok S. Choi.
Signed-off-by: Hyok S. Choi <hyok.choi@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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ifeq ($CONFIG_PREEMPT,y) -> ifeq ($(CONFIG_PREEMPT),y)
Signed-off-by: Hyok S. Choi <hyok.choi@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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Patch from Nicolas Pitre
This patch provides a preemption safe implementation of copy_to_user
and copy_from_user based on the copy template also used for memcpy.
It is enabled unconditionally when CONFIG_PREEMPT=y. Otherwise if the
configured architecture is not ARMv3 then it is enabled as well as it
gives better performances at least on StrongARM and XScale cores. If
ARMv3 is not too affected or if it doesn't matter too much then
uaccess.S could be removed altogether.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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Patch from Nicolas Pitre
This patch provides a new implementation for optimized memory copy
functions on ARM. It is made of two levels: a template that consists of
the core copy code and separate files that define macros to be used with
the core code depending on the type of copy needed. This allows for best
performances while sharing the same core for implementing memcpy(),
copy_from_user() and copy_to_user() for instance.
Two reasons for this work:
1) the current copy_to_user/copy_from_user implementation assumes no
task switch will ever occur in the middle of each copied page making
it completely unsafe with CONFIG_PREEMPT=y.
2) current copy implementations are measurably suboptimal and optimizing
different implementations separately is a pain and more opportunities
for bugs.
The reason for (1) is the fact that copy inside user pages are performed
with the ldm instruction which has no mean for testing user protections
and could possibly race with process preemption bypassing the COW mechanism
for example. This is a longstanding issue that we said ought to be fixed
for about two years now. The solution is to substitute those ldm insns
with a series of ldrt or strt insns to enforce user memory protection.
At least on StrongARM and XScale cores the ldm is not faster than the
equivalent ldr/str insns with a warm i-cache so there is no measurable
performance degradation with that change. The fact that the copy code is
a template makes it pretty easy to reuse the same core code as for memcpy
and benefit from the same performance optimizations.
Now (2) is best demonstrated with actual throughput measurements.
First, here is a summary of memcopy tests performed on a StrongARM core:
PTR alignment buffer size kernel version this version
------------------------------------------------------------
aligned 32 59.73 107.43
unaligned 32 61.31 74.72
aligned 100 132.47 136.15
unaligned 100 103.84 123.76
aligned 4096 130.67 130.80
unaligned 4096 130.68 130.64
aligned 1048576 68.03 68.18
unaligned 1048576 68.03 68.18
The buffer size is in bytes and the measured speed in MB/s. The copy
was performed repeatedly with given buffer and throughput averaged over
3 seconds.
Here we can see that the current kernel version has a higher entry cost
that shows up with small buffers. As buffer size grows both implementation
converge to the same throughput.
Now here's the exact same test performed on an XScale core (PXA255):
PTR alignment buffer size kernel version this version
------------------------------------------------------------
aligned 32 46.99 77.58
unaligned 32 53.61 59.59
aligned 100 107.19 136.59
unaligned 100 83.61 97.58
aligned 4096 129.13 129.98
unaligned 4096 128.36 128.53
aligned 1048576 53.76 59.41
unaligned 1048576 33.67 56.96
Again we can see the entry setup cost being higher for the current kernel
before getting to the main copy loop. Then throughput results converge
as long as the buffer remains in the cache. Then the 1MB case shows more
differences probably due to better pld placement and/or less instruction
interlocks in this proposed implementation.
Disclaimer: The PXA system was running with slower clocks than the
StrongARM system so trying to infer any conclusion by comparing those
separate sets of results side by side would be completely inappropriate.
So... What this patch does is to replace both memcpy and memmove with
an implementation based on the provided copy code template. The memmove
code is kept separate since it is used only if the memory areas involved
do overlap in which case the code is a transposition of the template but
with the copy occurring in the opposite direction (trying to fit that
mode into the template turned it into a mess not worth it for memmove
alone). And obviously both memcpy and memmove were tested with all kinds
of pointer alignments and buffer sizes to exercise all code paths for
correctness.
The next patch will provide the now trivial replacement implementation
copy_to_user and copy_from_user.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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Patch from Nicolas Pitre
Required for future enhancement patches.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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Patch from Nicolas Pitre
Here's an ARM assembly SHA1 implementation to replace the default C
version. It is approximately 50% faster than the generic C version. On
an XScale processor running at 400MHz:
generic C version: 9.8 MB/s
my version: 14.5 MB/s
This code is useful to quite a few callers in the tree:
crypto/sha1.c: sha_transform(sctx->state, sctx->buffer, temp);
crypto/sha1.c: sha_transform(sctx->state, &data[i], temp);
drivers/char/random.c: sha_transform(buf, (__u8 *)r->pool+i, buf + 5);
drivers/char/random.c: sha_transform(buf, (__u8 *)data, buf + 5);
net/ipv4/syncookies.c: sha_transform(tmp + 16, (__u8 *)tmp, tmp + 16 + 5);
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Seems to work fine on big-endian as well.
Signed-off-by: Lennert Buytenhek <buytenh@wantstofly.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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Patch from Nicolas Pitre
Those are big, slow and generally not recommended for kernel code.
They are even not present on i386. So it should be concluded that
one could as well get away with do_div() alone.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history,
even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git
archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about
3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early
git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good
infrastructure for it.
Let it rip!
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