diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/filesystems')
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/filesystems/ext4/journal.rst | 6 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/filesystems/ext4/super.rst | 7 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/filesystems/fsverity.rst | 68 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/filesystems/index.rst | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/filesystems/journalling.rst | 6 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/filesystems/mount_api.rst | 4 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst | 1 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/filesystems/tmpfs.rst | 8 |
8 files changed, 55 insertions, 47 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/ext4/journal.rst b/Documentation/filesystems/ext4/journal.rst index 805a1e9ea3a5..849d5b119eb8 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/ext4/journal.rst +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/ext4/journal.rst @@ -256,6 +256,10 @@ which is 1024 bytes long: - s\_padding2 - * - 0x54 + - \_\_be32 + - s\_num\_fc\_blocks + - Number of fast commit blocks in the journal. + * - 0x58 - \_\_u32 - s\_padding[42] - @@ -310,6 +314,8 @@ The journal incompat features are any combination of the following: - This journal uses v3 of the checksum on-disk format. This is the same as v2, but the journal block tag size is fixed regardless of the size of block numbers. (JBD2\_FEATURE\_INCOMPAT\_CSUM\_V3) + * - 0x20 + - Journal has fast commit blocks. (JBD2\_FEATURE\_INCOMPAT\_FAST\_COMMIT) .. _jbd2_checksum_type: diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/ext4/super.rst b/Documentation/filesystems/ext4/super.rst index 93e55d7c1d40..2eb1ab20498d 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/ext4/super.rst +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/ext4/super.rst @@ -596,6 +596,13 @@ following: - Sparse Super Block, v2. If this flag is set, the SB field s\_backup\_bgs points to the two block groups that contain backup superblocks (COMPAT\_SPARSE\_SUPER2). + * - 0x400 + - Fast commits supported. Although fast commits blocks are + backward incompatible, fast commit blocks are not always + present in the journal. If fast commit blocks are present in + the journal, JBD2 incompat feature + (JBD2\_FEATURE\_INCOMPAT\_FAST\_COMMIT) gets + set (COMPAT\_FAST\_COMMIT). .. _super_incompat: diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/fsverity.rst b/Documentation/filesystems/fsverity.rst index 895e9711ed88..e0204a23e997 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/fsverity.rst +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/fsverity.rst @@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ automatically verified against the file's Merkle tree. Reads of any corrupted data, including mmap reads, will fail. Userspace can use another ioctl to retrieve the root hash (actually -the "file measurement", which is a hash that includes the root hash) -that fs-verity is enforcing for the file. This ioctl executes in -constant time, regardless of the file size. +the "fs-verity file digest", which is a hash that includes the Merkle +tree root hash) that fs-verity is enforcing for the file. This ioctl +executes in constant time, regardless of the file size. fs-verity is essentially a way to hash a file in constant time, subject to the caveat that reads which would violate the hash will @@ -177,9 +177,10 @@ FS_IOC_ENABLE_VERITY can fail with the following errors: FS_IOC_MEASURE_VERITY --------------------- -The FS_IOC_MEASURE_VERITY ioctl retrieves the measurement of a verity -file. The file measurement is a digest that cryptographically -identifies the file contents that are being enforced on reads. +The FS_IOC_MEASURE_VERITY ioctl retrieves the digest of a verity file. +The fs-verity file digest is a cryptographic digest that identifies +the file contents that are being enforced on reads; it is computed via +a Merkle tree and is different from a traditional full-file digest. This ioctl takes in a pointer to a variable-length structure:: @@ -197,7 +198,7 @@ On success, 0 is returned and the kernel fills in the structure as follows: - ``digest_algorithm`` will be the hash algorithm used for the file - measurement. It will match ``fsverity_enable_arg::hash_algorithm``. + digest. It will match ``fsverity_enable_arg::hash_algorithm``. - ``digest_size`` will be the size of the digest in bytes, e.g. 32 for SHA-256. (This can be redundant with ``digest_algorithm``.) - ``digest`` will be the actual bytes of the digest. @@ -257,25 +258,24 @@ non-verity one, with the following exceptions: with EIO (for read()) or SIGBUS (for mmap() reads). - If the sysctl "fs.verity.require_signatures" is set to 1 and the - file's verity measurement is not signed by a key in the fs-verity - keyring, then opening the file will fail. See `Built-in signature - verification`_. + file is not signed by a key in the fs-verity keyring, then opening + the file will fail. See `Built-in signature verification`_. Direct access to the Merkle tree is not supported. Therefore, if a verity file is copied, or is backed up and restored, then it will lose its "verity"-ness. fs-verity is primarily meant for files like executables that are managed by a package manager. -File measurement computation -============================ +File digest computation +======================= This section describes how fs-verity hashes the file contents using a -Merkle tree to produce the "file measurement" which cryptographically -identifies the file contents. This algorithm is the same for all -filesystems that support fs-verity. +Merkle tree to produce the digest which cryptographically identifies +the file contents. This algorithm is the same for all filesystems +that support fs-verity. Userspace only needs to be aware of this algorithm if it needs to -compute the file measurement itself, e.g. in order to sign the file. +compute fs-verity file digests itself, e.g. in order to sign files. .. _fsverity_merkle_tree: @@ -325,26 +325,22 @@ can't a distinguish a large file from a small second file whose data is exactly the top-level hash block of the first file. Ambiguities also arise from the convention of padding to the next block boundary. -To solve this problem, the verity file measurement is actually -computed as a hash of the following structure, which contains the -Merkle tree root hash as well as other fields such as the file size:: +To solve this problem, the fs-verity file digest is actually computed +as a hash of the following structure, which contains the Merkle tree +root hash as well as other fields such as the file size:: struct fsverity_descriptor { __u8 version; /* must be 1 */ __u8 hash_algorithm; /* Merkle tree hash algorithm */ __u8 log_blocksize; /* log2 of size of data and tree blocks */ __u8 salt_size; /* size of salt in bytes; 0 if none */ - __le32 sig_size; /* must be 0 */ + __le32 __reserved_0x04; /* must be 0 */ __le64 data_size; /* size of file the Merkle tree is built over */ __u8 root_hash[64]; /* Merkle tree root hash */ __u8 salt[32]; /* salt prepended to each hashed block */ __u8 __reserved[144]; /* must be 0's */ }; -Note that the ``sig_size`` field must be set to 0 for the purpose of -computing the file measurement, even if a signature was provided (or -will be provided) to `FS_IOC_ENABLE_VERITY`_. - Built-in signature verification =============================== @@ -359,20 +355,20 @@ kernel. Specifically, it adds support for: certificates from being added. 2. `FS_IOC_ENABLE_VERITY`_ accepts a pointer to a PKCS#7 formatted - detached signature in DER format of the file measurement. On - success, this signature is persisted alongside the Merkle tree. + detached signature in DER format of the file's fs-verity digest. + On success, this signature is persisted alongside the Merkle tree. Then, any time the file is opened, the kernel will verify the - file's actual measurement against this signature, using the - certificates in the ".fs-verity" keyring. + file's actual digest against this signature, using the certificates + in the ".fs-verity" keyring. 3. A new sysctl "fs.verity.require_signatures" is made available. When set to 1, the kernel requires that all verity files have a - correctly signed file measurement as described in (2). + correctly signed digest as described in (2). -File measurements must be signed in the following format, which is -similar to the structure used by `FS_IOC_MEASURE_VERITY`_:: +fs-verity file digests must be signed in the following format, which +is similar to the structure used by `FS_IOC_MEASURE_VERITY`_:: - struct fsverity_signed_digest { + struct fsverity_formatted_digest { char magic[8]; /* must be "FSVerity" */ __le16 digest_algorithm; __le16 digest_size; @@ -421,8 +417,8 @@ can only be set by `FS_IOC_ENABLE_VERITY`_, and it cannot be cleared. ext4 also supports encryption, which can be used simultaneously with fs-verity. In this case, the plaintext data is verified rather than -the ciphertext. This is necessary in order to make the file -measurement meaningful, since every file is encrypted differently. +the ciphertext. This is necessary in order to make the fs-verity file +digest meaningful, since every file is encrypted differently. ext4 stores the verity metadata (Merkle tree and fsverity_descriptor) past the end of the file, starting at the first 64K boundary beyond @@ -592,8 +588,8 @@ weren't already directly answered in other parts of this document. :Q: Isn't fs-verity useless because the attacker can just modify the hashes in the Merkle tree, which is stored on-disk? :A: To verify the authenticity of an fs-verity file you must verify - the authenticity of the "file measurement", which is basically the - root hash of the Merkle tree. See `Use cases`_. + the authenticity of the "fs-verity file digest", which + incorporates the root hash of the Merkle tree. See `Use cases`_. :Q: Isn't fs-verity useless because the attacker can just replace a verity file with a non-verity one? diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/index.rst b/Documentation/filesystems/index.rst index 98f59a864242..7be9b46d85d9 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/index.rst +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/index.rst @@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ Documentation for filesystem implementations. sysv-fs tmpfs ubifs - ubifs-authentication.rst + ubifs-authentication udf virtiofs vfat diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/journalling.rst b/Documentation/filesystems/journalling.rst index 5a5f70b4063e..e18f90ffc6fd 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/journalling.rst +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/journalling.rst @@ -136,10 +136,8 @@ Fast commits ~~~~~~~~~~~~ JBD2 to also allows you to perform file-system specific delta commits known as -fast commits. In order to use fast commits, you first need to call -:c:func:`jbd2_fc_init` and tell how many blocks at the end of journal -area should be reserved for fast commits. Along with that, you will also need -to set following callbacks that perform correspodning work: +fast commits. In order to use fast commits, you will need to set following +callbacks that perform correspodning work: `journal->j_fc_cleanup_cb`: Cleanup function called after every full commit and fast commit. diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/mount_api.rst b/Documentation/filesystems/mount_api.rst index d7f53d62b5bb..eb358a00be27 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/mount_api.rst +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/mount_api.rst @@ -774,7 +774,7 @@ process the parameters it is given. should just be set to lie inside the low-to-high range. If all is good, true is returned. If the table is invalid, errors are - logged to dmesg and false is returned. + logged to the kernel log buffer and false is returned. * :: @@ -782,7 +782,7 @@ process the parameters it is given. This performs some validation checks on a parameter description. It returns true if the description is good and false if it is not. It will - log errors to dmesg if validation fails. + log errors to the kernel log buffer if validation fails. * :: diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst b/Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst index 533c79e8d2cd..e5fa972d4c76 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst @@ -546,6 +546,7 @@ encoded manner. The codes are the following: nh no huge page advise flag mg mergable advise flag bt arm64 BTI guarded page + mt arm64 MTE allocation tags are enabled == ======================================= Note that there is no guarantee that every flag and associated mnemonic will diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/tmpfs.rst b/Documentation/filesystems/tmpfs.rst index c44f8b1d3cab..0408c245785e 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/tmpfs.rst +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/tmpfs.rst @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Tmpfs ===== -Tmpfs is a file system which keeps all files in virtual memory. +Tmpfs is a file system which keeps all of its files in virtual memory. Everything in tmpfs is temporary in the sense that no files will be @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ tmpfs has the following uses: memory. This mount does not depend on CONFIG_TMPFS. If CONFIG_TMPFS is not - set, the user visible part of tmpfs is not build. But the internal + set, the user visible part of tmpfs is not built. But the internal mechanisms are always present. 2) glibc 2.2 and above expects tmpfs to be mounted at /dev/shm for @@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ tmpfs has the following uses: This mount is _not_ needed for SYSV shared memory. The internal mount is used for that. (In the 2.3 kernel versions it was necessary to mount the predecessor of tmpfs (shm fs) to use SYSV - shared memory) + shared memory.) 3) Some people (including me) find it very convenient to mount it e.g. on /tmp and /var/tmp and have a big swap partition. And now @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ If nr_blocks=0 (or size=0), blocks will not be limited in that instance; if nr_inodes=0, inodes will not be limited. It is generally unwise to mount with such options, since it allows any user with write access to use up all the memory on the machine; but enhances the scalability of -that instance in a system with many cpus making intensive use of it. +that instance in a system with many CPUs making intensive use of it. tmpfs has a mount option to set the NUMA memory allocation policy for |