From b24413180f5600bcb3bb70fbed5cf186b60864bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Greg Kroah-Hartman Date: Wed, 1 Nov 2017 15:07:57 +0100 Subject: License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman --- include/linux/page-flags.h | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) (limited to 'include/linux/page-flags.h') diff --git a/include/linux/page-flags.h b/include/linux/page-flags.h index ba2d470d2d0a..584b14c774c1 100644 --- a/include/linux/page-flags.h +++ b/include/linux/page-flags.h @@ -1,3 +1,4 @@ +/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */ /* * Macros for manipulating and testing page->flags */ -- cgit v1.2.3 From 8745808fda84c638e45cc860c8fb600bf4b0a2a6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Michal Hocko Date: Wed, 15 Nov 2017 17:34:22 -0800 Subject: mm, arch: remove empty_bad_page* empty_bad_page() and empty_bad_pte_table() seem to be relics from old days which is not used by any code for a long time. I have tried to find when exactly but this is not really all that straightforward due to many code movements - traces disappear around 2.4 times. Anyway no code really references neither empty_bad_page nor empty_bad_pte_table. We only allocate the storage which is not used by anybody so remove them. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171004150045.30755-1-mhocko@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko Acked-by: Ralf Baechle Acked-by: Ingo Molnar Cc: Yoshinori Sato Cc: David Howells Cc: Rich Felker Cc: Jeff Dike Cc: Richard Weinberger Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds --- arch/frv/mm/init.c | 14 -------------- arch/h8300/mm/init.c | 13 ------------- arch/mips/include/asm/pgtable-64.h | 8 +------- arch/mn10300/kernel/head.S | 8 -------- arch/sh/kernel/head_64.S | 8 -------- arch/um/kernel/mem.c | 3 --- include/linux/page-flags.h | 2 +- 7 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 54 deletions(-) (limited to 'include/linux/page-flags.h') diff --git a/arch/frv/mm/init.c b/arch/frv/mm/init.c index 328f0a292316..cf464100e838 100644 --- a/arch/frv/mm/init.c +++ b/arch/frv/mm/init.c @@ -42,21 +42,9 @@ #undef DEBUG /* - * BAD_PAGE is the page that is used for page faults when linux - * is out-of-memory. Older versions of linux just did a - * do_exit(), but using this instead means there is less risk - * for a process dying in kernel mode, possibly leaving a inode - * unused etc.. - * - * BAD_PAGETABLE is the accompanying page-table: it is initialized - * to point to BAD_PAGE entries. - * * ZERO_PAGE is a special page that is used for zero-initialized * data and COW. */ -static unsigned long empty_bad_page_table; -static unsigned long empty_bad_page; - unsigned long empty_zero_page; EXPORT_SYMBOL(empty_zero_page); @@ -72,8 +60,6 @@ void __init paging_init(void) unsigned long zones_size[MAX_NR_ZONES] = {0, }; /* allocate some pages for kernel housekeeping tasks */ - empty_bad_page_table = (unsigned long) alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE); - empty_bad_page = (unsigned long) alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE); empty_zero_page = (unsigned long) alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE); memset((void *) empty_zero_page, 0, PAGE_SIZE); diff --git a/arch/h8300/mm/init.c b/arch/h8300/mm/init.c index eeead51bed2d..015287ac8ce8 100644 --- a/arch/h8300/mm/init.c +++ b/arch/h8300/mm/init.c @@ -40,20 +40,9 @@ #include /* - * BAD_PAGE is the page that is used for page faults when linux - * is out-of-memory. Older versions of linux just did a - * do_exit(), but using this instead means there is less risk - * for a process dying in kernel mode, possibly leaving a inode - * unused etc.. - * - * BAD_PAGETABLE is the accompanying page-table: it is initialized - * to point to BAD_PAGE entries. - * * ZERO_PAGE is a special page that is used for zero-initialized * data and COW. */ -static unsigned long empty_bad_page_table; -static unsigned long empty_bad_page; unsigned long empty_zero_page; /* @@ -78,8 +67,6 @@ void __init paging_init(void) * Initialize the bad page table and bad page to point * to a couple of allocated pages. */ - empty_bad_page_table = (unsigned long)alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE); - empty_bad_page = (unsigned long)alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE); empty_zero_page = (unsigned long)alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE); memset((void *)empty_zero_page, 0, PAGE_SIZE); diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/pgtable-64.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/pgtable-64.h index 67fe6dc5211c..0036ea0c7173 100644 --- a/arch/mips/include/asm/pgtable-64.h +++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/pgtable-64.h @@ -31,12 +31,7 @@ * tables. Each page table is also a single 4K page, giving 512 (== * PTRS_PER_PTE) 8 byte ptes. Each pud entry is initialized to point to * invalid_pmd_table, each pmd entry is initialized to point to - * invalid_pte_table, each pte is initialized to 0. When memory is low, - * and a pmd table or a page table allocation fails, empty_bad_pmd_table - * and empty_bad_page_table is returned back to higher layer code, so - * that the failure is recognized later on. Linux does not seem to - * handle these failures very well though. The empty_bad_page_table has - * invalid pte entries in it, to force page faults. + * invalid_pte_table, each pte is initialized to 0. * * Kernel mappings: kernel mappings are held in the swapper_pg_table. * The layout is identical to userspace except it's indexed with the @@ -175,7 +170,6 @@ printk("%s:%d: bad pgd %016lx.\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, pgd_val(e)) extern pte_t invalid_pte_table[PTRS_PER_PTE]; -extern pte_t empty_bad_page_table[PTRS_PER_PTE]; #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PUD_FOLDED /* diff --git a/arch/mn10300/kernel/head.S b/arch/mn10300/kernel/head.S index 73e00fc78072..0b15f759e0d2 100644 --- a/arch/mn10300/kernel/head.S +++ b/arch/mn10300/kernel/head.S @@ -433,14 +433,6 @@ ENTRY(swapper_pg_dir) ENTRY(empty_zero_page) .space PAGE_SIZE - .balign PAGE_SIZE -ENTRY(empty_bad_page) - .space PAGE_SIZE - - .balign PAGE_SIZE -ENTRY(empty_bad_pte_table) - .space PAGE_SIZE - .balign PAGE_SIZE ENTRY(large_page_table) .space PAGE_SIZE diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/head_64.S b/arch/sh/kernel/head_64.S index defd851abefa..cca491397a28 100644 --- a/arch/sh/kernel/head_64.S +++ b/arch/sh/kernel/head_64.S @@ -101,14 +101,6 @@ empty_zero_page: mmu_pdtp_cache: .space PAGE_SIZE, 0 - .global empty_bad_page -empty_bad_page: - .space PAGE_SIZE, 0 - - .global empty_bad_pte_table -empty_bad_pte_table: - .space PAGE_SIZE, 0 - .global fpu_in_use fpu_in_use: .quad 0 diff --git a/arch/um/kernel/mem.c b/arch/um/kernel/mem.c index e7437ec62710..3c0e470ea646 100644 --- a/arch/um/kernel/mem.c +++ b/arch/um/kernel/mem.c @@ -22,8 +22,6 @@ /* allocated in paging_init, zeroed in mem_init, and unchanged thereafter */ unsigned long *empty_zero_page = NULL; EXPORT_SYMBOL(empty_zero_page); -/* allocated in paging_init and unchanged thereafter */ -static unsigned long *empty_bad_page = NULL; /* * Initialized during boot, and readonly for initializing page tables @@ -146,7 +144,6 @@ void __init paging_init(void) int i; empty_zero_page = (unsigned long *) alloc_bootmem_low_pages(PAGE_SIZE); - empty_bad_page = (unsigned long *) alloc_bootmem_low_pages(PAGE_SIZE); for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(zones_size); i++) zones_size[i] = 0; diff --git a/include/linux/page-flags.h b/include/linux/page-flags.h index 584b14c774c1..3ec44e27aa9d 100644 --- a/include/linux/page-flags.h +++ b/include/linux/page-flags.h @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ * Various page->flags bits: * * PG_reserved is set for special pages, which can never be swapped out. Some - * of them might not even exist (eg empty_bad_page)... + * of them might not even exist... * * The PG_private bitflag is set on pagecache pages if they contain filesystem * specific data (which is normally at page->private). It can be used by -- cgit v1.2.3