From 0ea8ce61cb2c487e818c515f91329fa9972a7155 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Huacai Chen Date: Tue, 31 May 2022 18:04:10 +0800 Subject: Documentation: LoongArch: Add basic documentations Add some basic documentation for LoongArch. LoongArch is a new RISC ISA, which is a bit like MIPS or RISC-V. LoongArch includes a reduced 32-bit version (LA32R), a standard 32-bit version (LA32S) and a 64-bit version (LA64). Tested-by: Bagas Sanjaya Reviewed-by: Jiaxun Yang Co-developed-by: WANG Xuerui Signed-off-by: WANG Xuerui Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen --- Documentation/arch.rst | 1 + Documentation/loongarch/features.rst | 3 + Documentation/loongarch/index.rst | 21 ++ Documentation/loongarch/introduction.rst | 387 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Documentation/loongarch/irq-chip-model.rst | 156 ++++++++++++ 5 files changed, 568 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Documentation/loongarch/features.rst create mode 100644 Documentation/loongarch/index.rst create mode 100644 Documentation/loongarch/introduction.rst create mode 100644 Documentation/loongarch/irq-chip-model.rst (limited to 'Documentation') diff --git a/Documentation/arch.rst b/Documentation/arch.rst index 14bcd8294b93..41a66a8b38e4 100644 --- a/Documentation/arch.rst +++ b/Documentation/arch.rst @@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ implementation. arm/index arm64/index ia64/index + loongarch/index m68k/index mips/index nios2/index diff --git a/Documentation/loongarch/features.rst b/Documentation/loongarch/features.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..ebacade3ea45 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/loongarch/features.rst @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 + +.. kernel-feat:: $srctree/Documentation/features loongarch diff --git a/Documentation/loongarch/index.rst b/Documentation/loongarch/index.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..aaba648db907 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/loongarch/index.rst @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 + +====================== +LoongArch Architecture +====================== + +.. toctree:: + :maxdepth: 2 + :numbered: + + introduction + irq-chip-model + + features + +.. only:: subproject and html + + Indices + ======= + + * :ref:`genindex` diff --git a/Documentation/loongarch/introduction.rst b/Documentation/loongarch/introduction.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..2bf40ad370df --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/loongarch/introduction.rst @@ -0,0 +1,387 @@ +.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 + +========================= +Introduction to LoongArch +========================= + +LoongArch is a new RISC ISA, which is a bit like MIPS or RISC-V. There are +currently 3 variants: a reduced 32-bit version (LA32R), a standard 32-bit +version (LA32S) and a 64-bit version (LA64). There are 4 privilege levels +(PLVs) defined in LoongArch: PLV0~PLV3, from high to low. Kernel runs at PLV0 +while applications run at PLV3. This document introduces the registers, basic +instruction set, virtual memory and some other topics of LoongArch. + +Registers +========= + +LoongArch registers include general purpose registers (GPRs), floating point +registers (FPRs), vector registers (VRs) and control status registers (CSRs) +used in privileged mode (PLV0). + +GPRs +---- + +LoongArch has 32 GPRs ( ``$r0`` ~ ``$r31`` ); each one is 32-bit wide in LA32 +and 64-bit wide in LA64. ``$r0`` is hard-wired to zero, and the other registers +are not architecturally special. (Except ``$r1``, which is hard-wired as the +link register of the BL instruction.) + +The kernel uses a variant of the LoongArch register convention, as described in +the LoongArch ELF psABI spec, in :ref:`References `: + +================= =============== =================== ============ +Name Alias Usage Preserved + across calls +================= =============== =================== ============ +``$r0`` ``$zero`` Constant zero Unused +``$r1`` ``$ra`` Return address No +``$r2`` ``$tp`` TLS/Thread pointer Unused +``$r3`` ``$sp`` Stack pointer Yes +``$r4``-``$r11`` ``$a0``-``$a7`` Argument registers No +``$r4``-``$r5`` ``$v0``-``$v1`` Return value No +``$r12``-``$r20`` ``$t0``-``$t8`` Temp registers No +``$r21`` ``$u0`` Percpu base address Unused +``$r22`` ``$fp`` Frame pointer Yes +``$r23``-``$r31`` ``$s0``-``$s8`` Static registers Yes +================= =============== =================== ============ + +Note: The register ``$r21`` is reserved in the ELF psABI, but used by the Linux +kernel for storing the percpu base address. It normally has no ABI name, but is +called ``$u0`` in the kernel. You may also see ``$v0`` or ``$v1`` in some old code, +however they are deprecated aliases of ``$a0`` and ``$a1`` respectively. + +FPRs +---- + +LoongArch has 32 FPRs ( ``$f0`` ~ ``$f31`` ) when FPU is present. Each one is +64-bit wide on the LA64 cores. + +The floating-point register convention is the same as described in the +LoongArch ELF psABI spec: + +================= ================== =================== ============ +Name Alias Usage Preserved + across calls +================= ================== =================== ============ +``$f0``-``$f7`` ``$fa0``-``$fa7`` Argument registers No +``$f0``-``$f1`` ``$fv0``-``$fv1`` Return value No +``$f8``-``$f23`` ``$ft0``-``$ft15`` Temp registers No +``$f24``-``$f31`` ``$fs0``-``$fs7`` Static registers Yes +================= ================== =================== ============ + +Note: You may see ``$fv0`` or ``$fv1`` in some old code, however they are deprecated +aliases of ``$fa0`` and ``$fa1`` respectively. + +VRs +---- + +There are currently 2 vector extensions to LoongArch: + +- LSX (Loongson SIMD eXtension) with 128-bit vectors, +- LASX (Loongson Advanced SIMD eXtension) with 256-bit vectors. + +LSX brings ``$v0`` ~ ``$v31`` while LASX brings ``$x0`` ~ ``$x31`` as the vector +registers. + +The VRs overlap with FPRs: for example, on a core implementing LSX and LASX, +the lower 128 bits of ``$x0`` is shared with ``$v0``, and the lower 64 bits of +``$v0`` is shared with ``$f0``; same with all other VRs. + +CSRs +---- + +CSRs can only be accessed from privileged mode (PLV0): + +================= ===================================== ============== +Address Full Name Abbrev Name +================= ===================================== ============== +0x0 Current Mode Information CRMD +0x1 Pre-exception Mode Information PRMD +0x2 Extension Unit Enable EUEN +0x3 Miscellaneous Control MISC +0x4 Exception Configuration ECFG +0x5 Exception Status ESTAT +0x6 Exception Return Address ERA +0x7 Bad (Faulting) Virtual Address BADV +0x8 Bad (Faulting) Instruction Word BADI +0xC Exception Entrypoint Address EENTRY +0x10 TLB Index TLBIDX +0x11 TLB Entry High-order Bits TLBEHI +0x12 TLB Entry Low-order Bits 0 TLBELO0 +0x13 TLB Entry Low-order Bits 1 TLBELO1 +0x18 Address Space Identifier ASID +0x19 Page Global Directory Address for PGDL + Lower-half Address Space +0x1A Page Global Directory Address for PGDH + Higher-half Address Space +0x1B Page Global Directory Address PGD +0x1C Page Walk Control for Lower- PWCL + half Address Space +0x1D Page Walk Control for Higher- PWCH + half Address Space +0x1E STLB Page Size STLBPS +0x1F Reduced Virtual Address Configuration RVACFG +0x20 CPU Identifier CPUID +0x21 Privileged Resource Configuration 1 PRCFG1 +0x22 Privileged Resource Configuration 2 PRCFG2 +0x23 Privileged Resource Configuration 3 PRCFG3 +0x30+n (0≤n≤15) Saved Data register SAVEn +0x40 Timer Identifier TID +0x41 Timer Configuration TCFG +0x42 Timer Value TVAL +0x43 Compensation of Timer Count CNTC +0x44 Timer Interrupt Clearing TICLR +0x60 LLBit Control LLBCTL +0x80 Implementation-specific Control 1 IMPCTL1 +0x81 Implementation-specific Control 2 IMPCTL2 +0x88 TLB Refill Exception Entrypoint TLBRENTRY + Address +0x89 TLB Refill Exception BAD (Faulting) TLBRBADV + Virtual Address +0x8A TLB Refill Exception Return Address TLBRERA +0x8B TLB Refill Exception Saved Data TLBRSAVE + Register +0x8C TLB Refill Exception Entry Low-order TLBRELO0 + Bits 0 +0x8D TLB Refill Exception Entry Low-order TLBRELO1 + Bits 1 +0x8E TLB Refill Exception Entry High-order TLBEHI + Bits +0x8F TLB Refill Exception Pre-exception TLBRPRMD + Mode Information +0x90 Machine Error Control MERRCTL +0x91 Machine Error Information 1 MERRINFO1 +0x92 Machine Error Information 2 MERRINFO2 +0x93 Machine Error Exception Entrypoint MERRENTRY + Address +0x94 Machine Error Exception Return MERRERA + Address +0x95 Machine Error Exception Saved Data MERRSAVE + Register +0x98 Cache TAGs CTAG +0x180+n (0≤n≤3) Direct Mapping Configuration Window n DMWn +0x200+2n (0≤n≤31) Performance Monitor Configuration n PMCFGn +0x201+2n (0≤n≤31) Performance Monitor Overall Counter n PMCNTn +0x300 Memory Load/Store WatchPoint MWPC + Overall Control +0x301 Memory Load/Store WatchPoint MWPS + Overall Status +0x310+8n (0≤n≤7) Memory Load/Store WatchPoint n MWPnCFG1 + Configuration 1 +0x311+8n (0≤n≤7) Memory Load/Store WatchPoint n MWPnCFG2 + Configuration 2 +0x312+8n (0≤n≤7) Memory Load/Store WatchPoint n MWPnCFG3 + Configuration 3 +0x313+8n (0≤n≤7) Memory Load/Store WatchPoint n MWPnCFG4 + Configuration 4 +0x380 Instruction Fetch WatchPoint FWPC + Overall Control +0x381 Instruction Fetch WatchPoint FWPS + Overall Status +0x390+8n (0≤n≤7) Instruction Fetch WatchPoint n FWPnCFG1 + Configuration 1 +0x391+8n (0≤n≤7) Instruction Fetch WatchPoint n FWPnCFG2 + Configuration 2 +0x392+8n (0≤n≤7) Instruction Fetch WatchPoint n FWPnCFG3 + Configuration 3 +0x393+8n (0≤n≤7) Instruction Fetch WatchPoint n FWPnCFG4 + Configuration 4 +0x500 Debug Register DBG +0x501 Debug Exception Return Address DERA +0x502 Debug Exception Saved Data Register DSAVE +================= ===================================== ============== + +ERA, TLBRERA, MERRERA and DERA are sometimes also known as EPC, TLBREPC, MERREPC +and DEPC respectively. + +Basic Instruction Set +===================== + +Instruction formats +------------------- + +LoongArch instructions are 32 bits wide, belonging to 9 basic instruction +formats (and variants of them): + +=========== ========================== +Format name Composition +=========== ========================== +2R Opcode + Rj + Rd +3R Opcode + Rk + Rj + Rd +4R Opcode + Ra + Rk + Rj + Rd +2RI8 Opcode + I8 + Rj + Rd +2RI12 Opcode + I12 + Rj + Rd +2RI14 Opcode + I14 + Rj + Rd +2RI16 Opcode + I16 + Rj + Rd +1RI21 Opcode + I21L + Rj + I21H +I26 Opcode + I26L + I26H +=========== ========================== + +Rd is the destination register operand, while Rj, Rk and Ra ("a" stands for +"additional") are the source register operands. I8/I12/I16/I21/I26 are +immediate operands of respective width. The longer I21 and I26 are stored +in separate higher and lower parts in the instruction word, denoted by the "L" +and "H" suffixes. + +List of Instructions +-------------------- + +For brevity, only instruction names (mnemonics) are listed here; please see the +:ref:`References ` for details. + + +1. Arithmetic Instructions:: + + ADD.W SUB.W ADDI.W ADD.D SUB.D ADDI.D + SLT SLTU SLTI SLTUI + AND OR NOR XOR ANDN ORN ANDI ORI XORI + MUL.W MULH.W MULH.WU DIV.W DIV.WU MOD.W MOD.WU + MUL.D MULH.D MULH.DU DIV.D DIV.DU MOD.D MOD.DU + PCADDI PCADDU12I PCADDU18I + LU12I.W LU32I.D LU52I.D ADDU16I.D + +2. Bit-shift Instructions:: + + SLL.W SRL.W SRA.W ROTR.W SLLI.W SRLI.W SRAI.W ROTRI.W + SLL.D SRL.D SRA.D ROTR.D SLLI.D SRLI.D SRAI.D ROTRI.D + +3. Bit-manipulation Instructions:: + + EXT.W.B EXT.W.H CLO.W CLO.D SLZ.W CLZ.D CTO.W CTO.D CTZ.W CTZ.D + BYTEPICK.W BYTEPICK.D BSTRINS.W BSTRINS.D BSTRPICK.W BSTRPICK.D + REVB.2H REVB.4H REVB.2W REVB.D REVH.2W REVH.D BITREV.4B BITREV.8B BITREV.W BITREV.D + MASKEQZ MASKNEZ + +4. Branch Instructions:: + + BEQ BNE BLT BGE BLTU BGEU BEQZ BNEZ B BL JIRL + +5. Load/Store Instructions:: + + LD.B LD.BU LD.H LD.HU LD.W LD.WU LD.D ST.B ST.H ST.W ST.D + LDX.B LDX.BU LDX.H LDX.HU LDX.W LDX.WU LDX.D STX.B STX.H STX.W STX.D + LDPTR.W LDPTR.D STPTR.W STPTR.D + PRELD PRELDX + +6. Atomic Operation Instructions:: + + LL.W SC.W LL.D SC.D + AMSWAP.W AMSWAP.D AMADD.W AMADD.D AMAND.W AMAND.D AMOR.W AMOR.D AMXOR.W AMXOR.D + AMMAX.W AMMAX.D AMMIN.W AMMIN.D + +7. Barrier Instructions:: + + IBAR DBAR + +8. Special Instructions:: + + SYSCALL BREAK CPUCFG NOP IDLE ERTN(ERET) DBCL(DBGCALL) RDTIMEL.W RDTIMEH.W RDTIME.D + ASRTLE.D ASRTGT.D + +9. Privileged Instructions:: + + CSRRD CSRWR CSRXCHG + IOCSRRD.B IOCSRRD.H IOCSRRD.W IOCSRRD.D IOCSRWR.B IOCSRWR.H IOCSRWR.W IOCSRWR.D + CACOP TLBP(TLBSRCH) TLBRD TLBWR TLBFILL TLBCLR TLBFLUSH INVTLB LDDIR LDPTE + +Virtual Memory +============== + +LoongArch supports direct-mapped virtual memory and page-mapped virtual memory. + +Direct-mapped virtual memory is configured by CSR.DMWn (n=0~3), it has a simple +relationship between virtual address (VA) and physical address (PA):: + + VA = PA + FixedOffset + +Page-mapped virtual memory has arbitrary relationship between VA and PA, which +is recorded in TLB and page tables. LoongArch's TLB includes a fully-associative +MTLB (Multiple Page Size TLB) and set-associative STLB (Single Page Size TLB). + +By default, the whole virtual address space of LA32 is configured like this: + +============ =========================== ============================= +Name Address Range Attributes +============ =========================== ============================= +``UVRANGE`` ``0x00000000 - 0x7FFFFFFF`` Page-mapped, Cached, PLV0~3 +``KPRANGE0`` ``0x80000000 - 0x9FFFFFFF`` Direct-mapped, Uncached, PLV0 +``KPRANGE1`` ``0xA0000000 - 0xBFFFFFFF`` Direct-mapped, Cached, PLV0 +``KVRANGE`` ``0xC0000000 - 0xFFFFFFFF`` Page-mapped, Cached, PLV0 +============ =========================== ============================= + +User mode (PLV3) can only access UVRANGE. For direct-mapped KPRANGE0 and +KPRANGE1, PA is equal to VA with bit30~31 cleared. For example, the uncached +direct-mapped VA of 0x00001000 is 0x80001000, and the cached direct-mapped +VA of 0x00001000 is 0xA0001000. + +By default, the whole virtual address space of LA64 is configured like this: + +============ ====================== ====================================== +Name Address Range Attributes +============ ====================== ====================================== +``XUVRANGE`` ``0x0000000000000000 - Page-mapped, Cached, PLV0~3 + 0x3FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF`` +``XSPRANGE`` ``0x4000000000000000 - Direct-mapped, Cached / Uncached, PLV0 + 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF`` +``XKPRANGE`` ``0x8000000000000000 - Direct-mapped, Cached / Uncached, PLV0 + 0xBFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF`` +``XKVRANGE`` ``0xC000000000000000 - Page-mapped, Cached, PLV0 + 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF`` +============ ====================== ====================================== + +User mode (PLV3) can only access XUVRANGE. For direct-mapped XSPRANGE and +XKPRANGE, PA is equal to VA with bits 60~63 cleared, and the cache attribute +is configured by bits 60~61 in VA: 0 is for strongly-ordered uncached, 1 is +for coherent cached, and 2 is for weakly-ordered uncached. + +Currently we only use XKPRANGE for direct mapping and XSPRANGE is reserved. + +To put this in action: the strongly-ordered uncached direct-mapped VA (in +XKPRANGE) of 0x00000000_00001000 is 0x80000000_00001000, the coherent cached +direct-mapped VA (in XKPRANGE) of 0x00000000_00001000 is 0x90000000_00001000, +and the weakly-ordered uncached direct-mapped VA (in XKPRANGE) of 0x00000000 +_00001000 is 0xA0000000_00001000. + +Relationship of Loongson and LoongArch +====================================== + +LoongArch is a RISC ISA which is different from any other existing ones, while +Loongson is a family of processors. Loongson includes 3 series: Loongson-1 is +the 32-bit processor series, Loongson-2 is the low-end 64-bit processor series, +and Loongson-3 is the high-end 64-bit processor series. Old Loongson is based on +MIPS, while New Loongson is based on LoongArch. Take Loongson-3 as an example: +Loongson-3A1000/3B1500/3A2000/3A3000/3A4000 are MIPS-compatible, while Loongson- +3A5000 (and future revisions) are all based on LoongArch. + +.. _loongarch-references: + +References +========== + +Official web site of Loongson Technology Corp. Ltd.: + + http://www.loongson.cn/ + +Developer web site of Loongson and LoongArch (Software and Documentation): + + http://www.loongnix.cn/ + + https://github.com/loongson/ + + https://loongson.github.io/LoongArch-Documentation/ + +Documentation of LoongArch ISA: + + https://github.com/loongson/LoongArch-Documentation/releases/latest/download/LoongArch-Vol1-v1.00-CN.pdf (in Chinese) + + https://github.com/loongson/LoongArch-Documentation/releases/latest/download/LoongArch-Vol1-v1.00-EN.pdf (in English) + +Documentation of LoongArch ELF psABI: + + https://github.com/loongson/LoongArch-Documentation/releases/latest/download/LoongArch-ELF-ABI-v1.00-CN.pdf (in Chinese) + + https://github.com/loongson/LoongArch-Documentation/releases/latest/download/LoongArch-ELF-ABI-v1.00-EN.pdf (in English) + +Linux kernel repository of Loongson and LoongArch: + + https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/chenhuacai/linux-loongson.git diff --git a/Documentation/loongarch/irq-chip-model.rst b/Documentation/loongarch/irq-chip-model.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..8d88f7ab2e5e --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/loongarch/irq-chip-model.rst @@ -0,0 +1,156 @@ +.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 + +======================================= +IRQ chip model (hierarchy) of LoongArch +======================================= + +Currently, LoongArch based processors (e.g. Loongson-3A5000) can only work together +with LS7A chipsets. The irq chips in LoongArch computers include CPUINTC (CPU Core +Interrupt Controller), LIOINTC (Legacy I/O Interrupt Controller), EIOINTC (Extended +I/O Interrupt Controller), HTVECINTC (Hyper-Transport Vector Interrupt Controller), +PCH-PIC (Main Interrupt Controller in LS7A chipset), PCH-LPC (LPC Interrupt Controller +in LS7A chipset) and PCH-MSI (MSI Interrupt Controller). + +CPUINTC is a per-core controller (in CPU), LIOINTC/EIOINTC/HTVECINTC are per-package +controllers (in CPU), while PCH-PIC/PCH-LPC/PCH-MSI are controllers out of CPU (i.e., +in chipsets). These controllers (in other words, irqchips) are linked in a hierarchy, +and there are two models of hierarchy (legacy model and extended model). + +Legacy IRQ model +================ + +In this model, IPI (Inter-Processor Interrupt) and CPU Local Timer interrupt go +to CPUINTC directly, CPU UARTS interrupts go to LIOINTC, while all other devices +interrupts go to PCH-PIC/PCH-LPC/PCH-MSI and gathered by HTVECINTC, and then go +to LIOINTC, and then CPUINTC:: + + +-----+ +---------+ +-------+ + | IPI | --> | CPUINTC | <-- | Timer | + +-----+ +---------+ +-------+ + ^ + | + +---------+ +-------+ + | LIOINTC | <-- | UARTs | + +---------+ +-------+ + ^ + | + +-----------+ + | HTVECINTC | + +-----------+ + ^ ^ + | | + +---------+ +---------+ + | PCH-PIC | | PCH-MSI | + +---------+ +---------+ + ^ ^ ^ + | | | + +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ + | PCH-LPC | | Devices | | Devices | + +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ + ^ + | + +---------+ + | Devices | + +---------+ + +Extended IRQ model +================== + +In this model, IPI (Inter-Processor Interrupt) and CPU Local Timer interrupt go +to CPUINTC directly, CPU UARTS interrupts go to LIOINTC, while all other devices +interrupts go to PCH-PIC/PCH-LPC/PCH-MSI and gathered by EIOINTC, and then go to +to CPUINTC directly:: + + +-----+ +---------+ +-------+ + | IPI | --> | CPUINTC | <-- | Timer | + +-----+ +---------+ +-------+ + ^ ^ + | | + +---------+ +---------+ +-------+ + | EIOINTC | | LIOINTC | <-- | UARTs | + +---------+ +---------+ +-------+ + ^ ^ + | | + +---------+ +---------+ + | PCH-PIC | | PCH-MSI | + +---------+ +---------+ + ^ ^ ^ + | | | + +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ + | PCH-LPC | | Devices | | Devices | + +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ + ^ + | + +---------+ + | Devices | + +---------+ + +ACPI-related definitions +======================== + +CPUINTC:: + + ACPI_MADT_TYPE_CORE_PIC; + struct acpi_madt_core_pic; + enum acpi_madt_core_pic_version; + +LIOINTC:: + + ACPI_MADT_TYPE_LIO_PIC; + struct acpi_madt_lio_pic; + enum acpi_madt_lio_pic_version; + +EIOINTC:: + + ACPI_MADT_TYPE_EIO_PIC; + struct acpi_madt_eio_pic; + enum acpi_madt_eio_pic_version; + +HTVECINTC:: + + ACPI_MADT_TYPE_HT_PIC; + struct acpi_madt_ht_pic; + enum acpi_madt_ht_pic_version; + +PCH-PIC:: + + ACPI_MADT_TYPE_BIO_PIC; + struct acpi_madt_bio_pic; + enum acpi_madt_bio_pic_version; + +PCH-MSI:: + + ACPI_MADT_TYPE_MSI_PIC; + struct acpi_madt_msi_pic; + enum acpi_madt_msi_pic_version; + +PCH-LPC:: + + ACPI_MADT_TYPE_LPC_PIC; + struct acpi_madt_lpc_pic; + enum acpi_madt_lpc_pic_version; + +References +========== + +Documentation of Loongson-3A5000: + + https://github.com/loongson/LoongArch-Documentation/releases/latest/download/Loongson-3A5000-usermanual-1.02-CN.pdf (in Chinese) + + https://github.com/loongson/LoongArch-Documentation/releases/latest/download/Loongson-3A5000-usermanual-1.02-EN.pdf (in English) + +Documentation of Loongson's LS7A chipset: + + https://github.com/loongson/LoongArch-Documentation/releases/latest/download/Loongson-7A1000-usermanual-2.00-CN.pdf (in Chinese) + + https://github.com/loongson/LoongArch-Documentation/releases/latest/download/Loongson-7A1000-usermanual-2.00-EN.pdf (in English) + +Note: CPUINTC is CSR.ECFG/CSR.ESTAT and its interrupt controller described +in Section 7.4 of "LoongArch Reference Manual, Vol 1"; LIOINTC is "Legacy I/O +Interrupts" described in Section 11.1 of "Loongson 3A5000 Processor Reference +Manual"; EIOINTC is "Extended I/O Interrupts" described in Section 11.2 of +"Loongson 3A5000 Processor Reference Manual"; HTVECINTC is "HyperTransport +Interrupts" described in Section 14.3 of "Loongson 3A5000 Processor Reference +Manual"; PCH-PIC/PCH-MSI is "Interrupt Controller" described in Section 5 of +"Loongson 7A1000 Bridge User Manual"; PCH-LPC is "LPC Interrupts" described in +Section 24.3 of "Loongson 7A1000 Bridge User Manual". -- cgit v1.2.3 From f23b22599f8ec09460077418bca1e331bb715f63 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Huacai Chen Date: Tue, 31 May 2022 18:04:10 +0800 Subject: Documentation/zh_CN: Add basic LoongArch documentations Add some basic documentation (zh_CN version) for LoongArch. LoongArch is a new RISC ISA, which is a bit like MIPS or RISC-V. LoongArch includes a reduced 32-bit version (LA32R), a standard 32-bit version (LA32S) and a 64-bit version (LA64). Reviewed-by: Alex Shi Reviewed-by: Yanteng Si Reviewed-by: Guo Ren Reviewed-by: Jiaxun Yang Co-developed-by: WANG Xuerui Signed-off-by: WANG Xuerui Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen --- Documentation/translations/zh_CN/index.rst | 1 + .../translations/zh_CN/loongarch/features.rst | 8 + .../translations/zh_CN/loongarch/index.rst | 26 ++ .../translations/zh_CN/loongarch/introduction.rst | 351 +++++++++++++++++++++ .../zh_CN/loongarch/irq-chip-model.rst | 155 +++++++++ 5 files changed, 541 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Documentation/translations/zh_CN/loongarch/features.rst create mode 100644 Documentation/translations/zh_CN/loongarch/index.rst create mode 100644 Documentation/translations/zh_CN/loongarch/introduction.rst create mode 100644 Documentation/translations/zh_CN/loongarch/irq-chip-model.rst (limited to 'Documentation') diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/index.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/index.rst index ac32d8e306ac..ad7bb8c17562 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/index.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/index.rst @@ -171,6 +171,7 @@ TODOList: riscv/index openrisc/index parisc/index + loongarch/index TODOList: diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/loongarch/features.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/loongarch/features.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..3886e635ec06 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/loongarch/features.rst @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 + +.. include:: ../disclaimer-zh_CN.rst + +:Original: Documentation/loongarch/features.rst +:Translator: Huacai Chen + +.. kernel-feat:: $srctree/Documentation/features loongarch diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/loongarch/index.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/loongarch/index.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..7d23eb78379d --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/loongarch/index.rst @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 + +.. include:: ../disclaimer-zh_CN.rst + +:Original: Documentation/loongarch/index.rst +:Translator: Huacai Chen + +================= +LoongArch体系结构 +================= + +.. toctree:: + :maxdepth: 2 + :numbered: + + introduction + irq-chip-model + + features + +.. only:: subproject and html + + Indices + ======= + + * :ref:`genindex` diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/loongarch/introduction.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/loongarch/introduction.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..e31a1a928c48 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/loongarch/introduction.rst @@ -0,0 +1,351 @@ +.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 + +.. include:: ../disclaimer-zh_CN.rst + +:Original: Documentation/loongarch/introduction.rst +:Translator: Huacai Chen + +============= +LoongArch介绍 +============= + +LoongArch是一种新的RISC ISA，在一定程度上类似于MIPS和RISC-V。LoongArch指令集 +包括一个精简32位版（LA32R）、一个标准32位版（LA32S）、一个64位版（LA64）。 +LoongArch定义了四个特权级（PLV0~PLV3），其中PLV0是最高特权级，用于内核；而PLV3 +是最低特权级，用于应用程序。本文档介绍了LoongArch的寄存器、基础指令集、虚拟内 +存以及其他一些主题。 + +寄存器 +====== + +LoongArch的寄存器包括通用寄存器（GPRs）、浮点寄存器（FPRs）、向量寄存器（VRs） +和用于特权模式（PLV0）的控制状态寄存器（CSRs）。 + +通用寄存器 +---------- + +LoongArch包括32个通用寄存器（ ``$r0`` ~ ``$r31`` ），LA32中每个寄存器为32位宽， +LA64中每个寄存器为64位宽。 ``$r0`` 的内容总是固定为0，而其他寄存器在体系结构层面 +没有特殊功能。（ ``$r1`` 算是一个例外，在BL指令中固定用作链接返回寄存器。） + +内核使用了一套LoongArch寄存器约定，定义在LoongArch ELF psABI规范中，详细描述参见 +:ref:`参考文献 `: + +================= =============== =================== ========== +寄存器名 别名 用途 跨调用保持 +================= =============== =================== ========== +``$r0`` ``$zero`` 常量0 不使用 +``$r1`` ``$ra`` 返回地址 否 +``$r2`` ``$tp`` TLS/线程信息指针 不使用 +``$r3`` ``$sp`` 栈指针 是 +``$r4``-``$r11`` ``$a0``-``$a7`` 参数寄存器 否 +``$r4``-``$r5`` ``$v0``-``$v1`` 返回值 否 +``$r12``-``$r20`` ``$t0``-``$t8`` 临时寄存器 否 +``$r21`` ``$u0`` 每CPU变量基地址 不使用 +``$r22`` ``$fp`` 帧指针 是 +``$r23``-``$r31`` ``$s0``-``$s8`` 静态寄存器 是 +================= =============== =================== ========== + +注意：``$r21``寄存器在ELF psABI中保留未使用，但是在Linux内核用于保存每CPU +变量基地址。该寄存器没有ABI命名，不过在内核中称为``$u0``。在一些遗留代码 +中有时可能见到``$v0``和``$v1``，它们是``$a0``和``$a1``的别名，属于已经废弃 +的用法。 + +浮点寄存器 +---------- + +当系统中存在FPU时，LoongArch有32个浮点寄存器（ ``$f0`` ~ ``$f31`` ）。在LA64 +的CPU核上，每个寄存器均为64位宽。 + +浮点寄存器的使用约定与LoongArch ELF psABI规范的描述相同： + +================= ================== =================== ========== +寄存器名 别名 用途 跨调用保持 +================= ================== =================== ========== +``$f0``-``$f7`` ``$fa0``-``$fa7`` 参数寄存器 否 +``$f0``-``$f1`` ``$fv0``-``$fv1`` 返回值 否 +``$f8``-``$f23`` ``$ft0``-``$ft15`` 临时寄存器 否 +``$f24``-``$f31`` ``$fs0``-``$fs7`` 静态寄存器 是 +================= ================== =================== ========== + +注意：在一些遗留代码中有时可能见到 ``$v0`` 和 ``$v1`` ，它们是 ``$a0`` +和 ``$a1`` 的别名，属于已经废弃的用法。 + + +向量寄存器 +---------- + +LoongArch现有两种向量扩展： + +- 128位向量扩展LSX（全称Loongson SIMD eXtention）， +- 256位向量扩展LASX（全称Loongson Advanced SIMD eXtention）。 + +LSX使用 ``$v0`` ~ ``$v31`` 向量寄存器，而LASX则使用 ``$x0`` ~ ``$x31`` 。 + +浮点寄存器和向量寄存器是复用的，比如：在一个实现了LSX和LASX的核上， ``$x0`` 的 +低128位与 ``$v0`` 共用， ``$v0`` 的低64位与 ``$f0`` 共用，其他寄存器依此类推。 + +控制状态寄存器 +-------------- + +控制状态寄存器只能在特权模式（PLV0）下访问: + +================= ==================================== ========== +地址 全称描述 简称 +================= ==================================== ========== +0x0 当前模式信息 CRMD +0x1 异常前模式信息 PRMD +0x2 扩展部件使能 EUEN +0x3 杂项控制 MISC +0x4 异常配置 ECFG +0x5 异常状态 ESTAT +0x6 异常返回地址 ERA +0x7 出错(Faulting)虚拟地址 BADV +0x8 出错(Faulting)指令字 BADI +0xC 异常入口地址 EENTRY +0x10 TLB索引 TLBIDX +0x11 TLB表项高位 TLBEHI +0x12 TLB表项低位0 TLBELO0 +0x13 TLB表项低位1 TLBELO1 +0x18 地址空间标识符 ASID +0x19 低半地址空间页全局目录基址 PGDL +0x1A 高半地址空间页全局目录基址 PGDH +0x1B 页全局目录基址 PGD +0x1C 页表遍历控制低半部分 PWCL +0x1D 页表遍历控制高半部分 PWCH +0x1E STLB页大小 STLBPS +0x1F 缩减虚地址配置 RVACFG +0x20 CPU编号 CPUID +0x21 特权资源配置信息1 PRCFG1 +0x22 特权资源配置信息2 PRCFG2 +0x23 特权资源配置信息3 PRCFG3 +0x30+n (0≤n≤15) 数据保存寄存器 SAVEn +0x40 定时器编号 TID +0x41 定时器配置 TCFG +0x42 定时器值 TVAL +0x43 计时器补偿 CNTC +0x44 定时器中断清除 TICLR +0x60 LLBit相关控制 LLBCTL +0x80 实现相关控制1 IMPCTL1 +0x81 实现相关控制2 IMPCTL2 +0x88 TLB重填异常入口地址 TLBRENTRY +0x89 TLB重填异常出错(Faulting)虚地址 TLBRBADV +0x8A TLB重填异常返回地址 TLBRERA +0x8B TLB重填异常数据保存 TLBRSAVE +0x8C TLB重填异常表项低位0 TLBRELO0 +0x8D TLB重填异常表项低位1 TLBRELO1 +0x8E TLB重填异常表项高位 TLBEHI +0x8F TLB重填异常前模式信息 TLBRPRMD +0x90 机器错误控制 MERRCTL +0x91 机器错误信息1 MERRINFO1 +0x92 机器错误信息2 MERRINFO2 +0x93 机器错误异常入口地址 MERRENTRY +0x94 机器错误异常返回地址 MERRERA +0x95 机器错误异常数据保存 MERRSAVE +0x98 高速缓存标签 CTAG +0x180+n (0≤n≤3) 直接映射配置窗口n DMWn +0x200+2n (0≤n≤31) 性能监测配置n PMCFGn +0x201+2n (0≤n≤31) 性能监测计数器n PMCNTn +0x300 内存读写监视点整体控制 MWPC +0x301 内存读写监视点整体状态 MWPS +0x310+8n (0≤n≤7) 内存读写监视点n配置1 MWPnCFG1 +0x311+8n (0≤n≤7) 内存读写监视点n配置2 MWPnCFG2 +0x312+8n (0≤n≤7) 内存读写监视点n配置3 MWPnCFG3 +0x313+8n (0≤n≤7) 内存读写监视点n配置4 MWPnCFG4 +0x380 取指监视点整体控制 FWPC +0x381 取指监视点整体状态 FWPS +0x390+8n (0≤n≤7) 取指监视点n配置1 FWPnCFG1 +0x391+8n (0≤n≤7) 取指监视点n配置2 FWPnCFG2 +0x392+8n (0≤n≤7) 取指监视点n配置3 FWPnCFG3 +0x393+8n (0≤n≤7) 取指监视点n配置4 FWPnCFG4 +0x500 调试寄存器 DBG +0x501 调试异常返回地址 DERA +0x502 调试数据保存 DSAVE +================= ==================================== ========== + +ERA，TLBRERA，MERRERA和DERA有时也分别称为EPC，TLBREPC，MERREPC和DEPC。 + +基础指令集 +========== + +指令格式 +-------- + +LoongArch的指令字长为32位，一共有9种基本指令格式（以及一些变体）: + +=========== ========================== +格式名称 指令构成 +=========== ========================== +2R Opcode + Rj + Rd +3R Opcode + Rk + Rj + Rd +4R Opcode + Ra + Rk + Rj + Rd +2RI8 Opcode + I8 + Rj + Rd +2RI12 Opcode + I12 + Rj + Rd +2RI14 Opcode + I14 + Rj + Rd +2RI16 Opcode + I16 + Rj + Rd +1RI21 Opcode + I21L + Rj + I21H +I26 Opcode + I26L + I26H +=========== ========================== + +Opcode是指令操作码，Rj和Rk是源操作数（寄存器），Rd是目标操作数（寄存器），Ra是 +4R-type格式特有的附加操作数（寄存器）。I8/I12/I16/I21/I26分别是8位/12位/16位/ +21位/26位的立即数。其中较长的21位和26位立即数在指令字中被分割为高位部分与低位 +部分，所以你们在这里的格式描述中能够看到I21L/I21H和I26L/I26H这样带后缀的表述。 + +指令列表 +-------- + +为了简便起见，我们在此只罗列一下指令名称（助记符），需要详细信息请阅读 +:ref:`参考文献 ` 中的文档。 + +1. 算术运算指令:: + + ADD.W SUB.W ADDI.W ADD.D SUB.D ADDI.D + SLT SLTU SLTI SLTUI + AND OR NOR XOR ANDN ORN ANDI ORI XORI + MUL.W MULH.W MULH.WU DIV.W DIV.WU MOD.W MOD.WU + MUL.D MULH.D MULH.DU DIV.D DIV.DU MOD.D MOD.DU + PCADDI PCADDU12I PCADDU18I + LU12I.W LU32I.D LU52I.D ADDU16I.D + +2. 移位运算指令:: + + SLL.W SRL.W SRA.W ROTR.W SLLI.W SRLI.W SRAI.W ROTRI.W + SLL.D SRL.D SRA.D ROTR.D SLLI.D SRLI.D SRAI.D ROTRI.D + +3. 位域操作指令:: + + EXT.W.B EXT.W.H CLO.W CLO.D SLZ.W CLZ.D CTO.W CTO.D CTZ.W CTZ.D + BYTEPICK.W BYTEPICK.D BSTRINS.W BSTRINS.D BSTRPICK.W BSTRPICK.D + REVB.2H REVB.4H REVB.2W REVB.D REVH.2W REVH.D BITREV.4B BITREV.8B BITREV.W BITREV.D + MASKEQZ MASKNEZ + +4. 分支转移指令:: + + BEQ BNE BLT BGE BLTU BGEU BEQZ BNEZ B BL JIRL + +5. 访存读写指令:: + + LD.B LD.BU LD.H LD.HU LD.W LD.WU LD.D ST.B ST.H ST.W ST.D + LDX.B LDX.BU LDX.H LDX.HU LDX.W LDX.WU LDX.D STX.B STX.H STX.W STX.D + LDPTR.W LDPTR.D STPTR.W STPTR.D + PRELD PRELDX + +6. 原子操作指令:: + + LL.W SC.W LL.D SC.D + AMSWAP.W AMSWAP.D AMADD.W AMADD.D AMAND.W AMAND.D AMOR.W AMOR.D AMXOR.W AMXOR.D + AMMAX.W AMMAX.D AMMIN.W AMMIN.D + +7. 栅障指令:: + + IBAR DBAR + +8. 特殊指令:: + + SYSCALL BREAK CPUCFG NOP IDLE ERTN(ERET) DBCL(DBGCALL) RDTIMEL.W RDTIMEH.W RDTIME.D + ASRTLE.D ASRTGT.D + +9. 特权指令:: + + CSRRD CSRWR CSRXCHG + IOCSRRD.B IOCSRRD.H IOCSRRD.W IOCSRRD.D IOCSRWR.B IOCSRWR.H IOCSRWR.W IOCSRWR.D + CACOP TLBP(TLBSRCH) TLBRD TLBWR TLBFILL TLBCLR TLBFLUSH INVTLB LDDIR LDPTE + +虚拟内存 +======== + +LoongArch可以使用直接映射虚拟内存和分页映射虚拟内存。 + +直接映射虚拟内存通过CSR.DMWn（n=0~3）来进行配置，虚拟地址（VA）和物理地址（PA） +之间有简单的映射关系:: + + VA = PA + 固定偏移 + +分页映射的虚拟地址（VA）和物理地址（PA）有任意的映射关系，这种关系记录在TLB和页 +表中。LoongArch的TLB包括一个全相联的MTLB（Multiple Page Size TLB，多样页大小TLB） +和一个组相联的STLB（Single Page Size TLB，单一页大小TLB）。 + +缺省状态下，LA32的整个虚拟地址空间配置如下： + +============ =========================== =========================== +区段名 地址范围 属性 +============ =========================== =========================== +``UVRANGE`` ``0x00000000 - 0x7FFFFFFF`` 分页映射, 可缓存, PLV0~3 +``KPRANGE0`` ``0x80000000 - 0x9FFFFFFF`` 直接映射, 非缓存, PLV0 +``KPRANGE1`` ``0xA0000000 - 0xBFFFFFFF`` 直接映射, 可缓存, PLV0 +``KVRANGE`` ``0xC0000000 - 0xFFFFFFFF`` 分页映射, 可缓存, PLV0 +============ =========================== =========================== + +用户态（PLV3）只能访问UVRANGE，对于直接映射的KPRANGE0和KPRANGE1，将虚拟地址的第 +30~31位清零就等于物理地址。例如：物理地址0x00001000对应的非缓存直接映射虚拟地址 +是0x80001000，而其可缓存直接映射虚拟地址是0xA0001000。 + +缺省状态下，LA64的整个虚拟地址空间配置如下： + +============ ====================== ================================== +区段名 地址范围 属性 +============ ====================== ================================== +``XUVRANGE`` ``0x0000000000000000 - 分页映射, 可缓存, PLV0~3 + 0x3FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF`` +``XSPRANGE`` ``0x4000000000000000 - 直接映射, 可缓存 / 非缓存, PLV0 + 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF`` +``XKPRANGE`` ``0x8000000000000000 - 直接映射, 可缓存 / 非缓存, PLV0 + 0xBFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF`` +``XKVRANGE`` ``0xC000000000000000 - 分页映射, 可缓存, PLV0 + 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF`` +============ ====================== ================================== + +用户态（PLV3）只能访问XUVRANGE，对于直接映射的XSPRANGE和XKPRANGE，将虚拟地址的第 +60~63位清零就等于物理地址，而其缓存属性是通过虚拟地址的第60~61位配置的（0表示强序 +非缓存，1表示一致可缓存，2表示弱序非缓存）。 + +目前，我们仅用XKPRANGE来进行直接映射，XSPRANGE保留给以后用。 + +此处给出一个直接映射的例子：物理地址0x00000000_00001000的强序非缓存直接映射虚拟地址 +（在XKPRANGE中）是0x80000000_00001000，其一致可缓存直接映射虚拟地址（在XKPRANGE中） +是0x90000000_00001000，而其弱序非缓存直接映射虚拟地址（在XKPRANGE中）是0xA0000000_ +00001000。 + +Loongson与LoongArch的关系 +========================= + +LoongArch是一种RISC指令集架构（ISA），不同于现存的任何一种ISA，而Loongson（即龙 +芯）是一个处理器家族。龙芯包括三个系列：Loongson-1（龙芯1号）是32位处理器系列， +Loongson-2（龙芯2号）是低端64位处理器系列，而Loongson-3（龙芯3号）是高端64位处理 +器系列。旧的龙芯处理器基于MIPS架构，而新的龙芯处理器基于LoongArch架构。以龙芯3号 +为例：龙芯3A1000/3B1500/3A2000/3A3000/3A4000都是兼容MIPS的，而龙芯3A5000（以及将 +来的型号）都是基于LoongArch的。 + +.. _loongarch-references-zh_CN: + +参考文献 +======== + +Loongson官方网站（龙芯中科技术股份有限公司）： + + http://www.loongson.cn/ + +Loongson与LoongArch的开发者网站（软件与文档资源）： + + http://www.loongnix.cn/ + + https://github.com/loongson/ + + https://loongson.github.io/LoongArch-Documentation/ + +LoongArch指令集架构的文档： + + https://github.com/loongson/LoongArch-Documentation/releases/latest/download/LoongArch-Vol1-v1.00-CN.pdf （中文版） + + https://github.com/loongson/LoongArch-Documentation/releases/latest/download/LoongArch-Vol1-v1.00-EN.pdf （英文版） + +LoongArch的ELF psABI文档： + + https://github.com/loongson/LoongArch-Documentation/releases/latest/download/LoongArch-ELF-ABI-v1.00-CN.pdf （中文版） + + https://github.com/loongson/LoongArch-Documentation/releases/latest/download/LoongArch-ELF-ABI-v1.00-EN.pdf （英文版） + +Loongson与LoongArch的Linux内核源码仓库： + + https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/chenhuacai/linux-loongson.git diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/loongarch/irq-chip-model.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/loongarch/irq-chip-model.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..2a4c3ad38be4 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/loongarch/irq-chip-model.rst @@ -0,0 +1,155 @@ +.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 + +.. include:: ../disclaimer-zh_CN.rst + +:Original: Documentation/loongarch/irq-chip-model.rst +:Translator: Huacai Chen + +================================== +LoongArch的IRQ芯片模型（层级关系） +================================== + +目前，基于LoongArch的处理器（如龙芯3A5000）只能与LS7A芯片组配合工作。LoongArch计算机 +中的中断控制器（即IRQ芯片）包括CPUINTC（CPU Core Interrupt Controller）、LIOINTC（ +Legacy I/O Interrupt Controller）、EIOINTC（Extended I/O Interrupt Controller）、 +HTVECINTC（Hyper-Transport Vector Interrupt Controller）、PCH-PIC（LS7A芯片组的主中 +断控制器）、PCH-LPC（LS7A芯片组的LPC中断控制器）和PCH-MSI（MSI中断控制器）。 + +CPUINTC是一种CPU内部的每个核本地的中断控制器，LIOINTC/EIOINTC/HTVECINTC是CPU内部的 +全局中断控制器（每个芯片一个，所有核共享），而PCH-PIC/PCH-LPC/PCH-MSI是CPU外部的中 +断控制器（在配套芯片组里面）。这些中断控制器（或者说IRQ芯片）以一种层次树的组织形式 +级联在一起，一共有两种层级关系模型（传统IRQ模型和扩展IRQ模型）。 + +传统IRQ模型 +=========== + +在这种模型里面，IPI（Inter-Processor Interrupt）和CPU本地时钟中断直接发送到CPUINTC， +CPU串口（UARTs）中断发送到LIOINTC，而其他所有设备的中断则分别发送到所连接的PCH-PIC/ +PCH-LPC/PCH-MSI，然后被HTVECINTC统一收集，再发送到LIOINTC，最后到达CPUINTC:: + + +-----+ +---------+ +-------+ + | IPI | --> | CPUINTC | <-- | Timer | + +-----+ +---------+ +-------+ + ^ + | + +---------+ +-------+ + | LIOINTC | <-- | UARTs | + +---------+ +-------+ + ^ + | + +-----------+ + | HTVECINTC | + +-----------+ + ^ ^ + | | + +---------+ +---------+ + | PCH-PIC | | PCH-MSI | + +---------+ +---------+ + ^ ^ ^ + | | | + +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ + | PCH-LPC | | Devices | | Devices | + +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ + ^ + | + +---------+ + | Devices | + +---------+ + +扩展IRQ模型 +=========== + +在这种模型里面，IPI（Inter-Processor Interrupt）和CPU本地时钟中断直接发送到CPUINTC， +CPU串口（UARTs）中断发送到LIOINTC，而其他所有设备的中断则分别发送到所连接的PCH-PIC/ +PCH-LPC/PCH-MSI，然后被EIOINTC统一收集，再直接到达CPUINTC:: + + +-----+ +---------+ +-------+ + | IPI | --> | CPUINTC | <-- | Timer | + +-----+ +---------+ +-------+ + ^ ^ + | | + +---------+ +---------+ +-------+ + | EIOINTC | | LIOINTC | <-- | UARTs | + +---------+ +---------+ +-------+ + ^ ^ + | | + +---------+ +---------+ + | PCH-PIC | | PCH-MSI | + +---------+ +---------+ + ^ ^ ^ + | | | + +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ + | PCH-LPC | | Devices | | Devices | + +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ + ^ + | + +---------+ + | Devices | + +---------+ + +ACPI相关的定义 +============== + +CPUINTC:: + + ACPI_MADT_TYPE_CORE_PIC; + struct acpi_madt_core_pic; + enum acpi_madt_core_pic_version; + +LIOINTC:: + + ACPI_MADT_TYPE_LIO_PIC; + struct acpi_madt_lio_pic; + enum acpi_madt_lio_pic_version; + +EIOINTC:: + + ACPI_MADT_TYPE_EIO_PIC; + struct acpi_madt_eio_pic; + enum acpi_madt_eio_pic_version; + +HTVECINTC:: + + ACPI_MADT_TYPE_HT_PIC; + struct acpi_madt_ht_pic; + enum acpi_madt_ht_pic_version; + +PCH-PIC:: + + ACPI_MADT_TYPE_BIO_PIC; + struct acpi_madt_bio_pic; + enum acpi_madt_bio_pic_version; + +PCH-MSI:: + + ACPI_MADT_TYPE_MSI_PIC; + struct acpi_madt_msi_pic; + enum acpi_madt_msi_pic_version; + +PCH-LPC:: + + ACPI_MADT_TYPE_LPC_PIC; + struct acpi_madt_lpc_pic; + enum acpi_madt_lpc_pic_version; + +参考文献 +======== + +龙芯3A5000的文档： + + https://github.com/loongson/LoongArch-Documentation/releases/latest/download/Loongson-3A5000-usermanual-1.02-CN.pdf (中文版) + + https://github.com/loongson/LoongArch-Documentation/releases/latest/download/Loongson-3A5000-usermanual-1.02-EN.pdf (英文版) + +龙芯LS7A芯片组的文档： + + https://github.com/loongson/LoongArch-Documentation/releases/latest/download/Loongson-7A1000-usermanual-2.00-CN.pdf (中文版) + + https://github.com/loongson/LoongArch-Documentation/releases/latest/download/Loongson-7A1000-usermanual-2.00-EN.pdf (英文版) + +注：CPUINTC即《龙芯架构参考手册卷一》第7.4节所描述的CSR.ECFG/CSR.ESTAT寄存器及其中断 +控制逻辑；LIOINTC即《龙芯3A5000处理器使用手册》第11.1节所描述的“传统I/O中断”；EIOINTC +即《龙芯3A5000处理器使用手册》第11.2节所描述的“扩展I/O中断”；HTVECINTC即《龙芯3A5000 +处理器使用手册》第14.3节所描述的“HyperTransport中断”；PCH-PIC/PCH-MSI即《龙芯7A1000桥 +片用户手册》第5章所描述的“中断控制器”；PCH-LPC即《龙芯7A1000桥片用户手册》第24.3节所 +描述的“LPC中断”。 -- cgit v1.2.3