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Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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When building perf out of tree:
$ make perf-tar-src-pkg
$ tar -xf perf-<ver>.tar -C /tmp
$ cd /tmp/perf<ver>
$ make -C tools/perf
you get this warning message:
make[1]: *** No rule to make target `kernelversion'. Stop.
Fix it by saving the perf version in the tar file and using that for the
out of tree builds.
v2: removed short form request and fixed up version string from usual output.
Signed-off-by: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Suggested-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1383753335-25782-1-git-send-email-dsahern@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
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Before:
CC util/pmu.o
CC util/parse-events.o
PERF_VERSION = 3.12.rc4.g1b30c
CC util/parse-events-flex.o
GEN perf-archive
After:
CC util/pmu.o
CC util/parse-events.o
PERF_VERSION = 3.12.rc4.g1b30c
CC util/parse-events-flex.o
GEN perf-archive
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381312169-17354-4-git-send-email-mingo@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
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The tag of the perf version is wrongly determined, always the latest tag
is taken regardless of the HEAD commit:
$ perf --version
perf version 3.9.rc8.gd7f5d3
$ git describe d7f5d3
v3.9-rc7-154-gd7f5d33
$ head -n 4 Makefile
VERSION = 3
PATCHLEVEL = 9
SUBLEVEL = 0
EXTRAVERSION = -rc7
In other cases no tag might be found.
This patch fixes this.
This new implementation handles also the case if there are no tags at
all found in the git repo but there is a commit id.
Signed-off-by: Robert Richter <robert.richter@calxeda.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1368006214-12912-1-git-send-email-rric@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
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When make runs it tries to update the Makefile rules by reading all of
included Makefiles. During the perf build it checks PERF-VERSION-FILE
to get the current version number. But it triggers Makefile update so
that make runs again with the update Makefile and, in turn, users will
see duplicate CHK message on the second path.
Running make with -d option for debugging tells me this:
GNU Make 3.82
Built for x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu
Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
Reading makefiles...
Reading makefile `Makefile'...
Reading makefile `../scripts/Makefile.include' (search path) (no ~ expansion)...
Reading makefile `config/utilities.mak' (search path) (no ~ expansion)...
Reading makefile `PERF-VERSION-FILE' (search path) (don't care) (no ~ expansion)...
Reading makefile `config/feature-tests.mak' (search path) (don't care) (no ~ expansion)...
CHK -fstack-protector-all
CHK -Wstack-protector
CHK -Wvolatile-register-var
...
Updating makefiles....
Considering target file `PERF-VERSION-FILE'.
Must remake target `PERF-VERSION-FILE'.
Invoking recipe from Makefile:52 to update target `PERF-VERSION-FILE'.
Putting child 0x14037a0 (PERF-VERSION-FILE) PID 31925 on the chain.
Live child 0x14037a0 (PERF-VERSION-FILE) PID 31925
PERF_VERSION = 3.8.rc3.gf751db6
Reaping winning child 0x14037a0 PID 31925
Removing child 0x14037a0 PID 31925 from chain.
Successfully remade target file `PERF-VERSION-FILE'.
...
Re-executing[1]: make -d <------------ here
GNU Make 3.82
Built for x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu
Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
Reading makefiles...
Reading makefile `Makefile'...
Reading makefile `../scripts/Makefile.include' (search path) (no ~ expansion)...
Reading makefile `config/utilities.mak' (search path) (no ~ expansion)...
Reading makefile `PERF-VERSION-FILE' (search path) (don't care) (no ~ expansion)...
Reading makefile `config/feature-tests.mak' (search path) (don't care) (no ~ expansion)...
CHK -fstack-protector-all
CHK -Wstack-protector
CHK -Wvolatile-register-var
...
Actually PERF-VERSION-FILE is used only for perf.c to #define
PERF_VERSION macro. So make it like a C header file and include it
during compiling the perf.c file will remove the need of being
included into Makefile. Hench no need to update the Makefile and no
CHK lines anymore.
Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1358337594-10916-1-git-send-email-namhyung@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
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If git is installed we'll have a 'perf --version' output of this form:
$ make -j8 -C tools/perf/ O=/home/acme/git/build/perf install
$ perf --version
perf version 3.7.rc3.g3afad6
Now on a machine without git installed:
$ mv /home/acme/bin/git /home/acme/bin/git.OFF
$ make -j8 -C tools/perf/ O=/home/acme/git/build/perf install
$ perf --version
perf version 3.7.0-rc2
That is, no error message due to git not being installed will appear on the
screen and instead the version string in the top level Makefile will be
used.
Requested-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-am6yp6phvxyjmyndxogpunjv@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
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There's another source of overhead in the perf version string generator:
git update-index -q --refresh
... which will iterate the whole checked out tree. This can be pretty
slow on NFS volumes, but takes some time even with local SSD disks and a
fully cached kernel tree:
$ perf stat --null --repeat 3 --pre "rm -f PERF-VERSION-FILE" util/PERF-VERSION-GEN
PERF_VERSION = 3.7.rc3.g5399b3b.dirty
PERF_VERSION = 3.7.rc3.g5399b3b.dirty
PERF_VERSION = 3.7.rc3.g5399b3b.dirty
Performance counter stats for 'util/PERF-VERSION-GEN' (3 runs):
0.306999221 seconds time elapsed ( +- 0.56% )
So remove the .dirty differentiator as well - it adds little information
because locally patched git trees are common, but seldom are the perf
tools modified.
So a lot of version strings are reported as 'dirty' while in fact they
are pristine perf builds. For example 99% of my perf builds are not
patched but the kernel tree is slightly patched, which adds the .dirty
tag.
Eliminating that tag speeds up version generation by another order of
magnitude:
$ perf stat --null --repeat 3 --sync --pre "rm -f PERF-VERSION-FILE" util/PERF-VERSION-GEN
PERF_VERSION = 3.7.rc3.g4b0bd3
PERF_VERSION = 3.7.rc3.g4b0bd3
PERF_VERSION = 3.7.rc3.g4b0bd3
Performance counter stats for 'util/PERF-VERSION-GEN' (3 runs):
0.021270923 seconds time elapsed ( +- 1.94% )
(Also clean up some of the comments around this code.)
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@amd64.org>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20121030085441.GC8245@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
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string generation
Building perf is pretty slow on trees that have a lot of commits
relative to the nearest Git tag. This slowness manifests itself during
version string generation:
$ perf stat --null --repeat 3 --sync --pre "rm -f PERF-VERSION-FILE" util/PERF-VERSION-GEN
PERF_VERSION = 3.7.rc3.1458.g5399b3b
PERF_VERSION = 3.7.rc3.1458.g5399b3b
PERF_VERSION = 3.7.rc3.1458.g5399b3b
Performance counter stats for 'util/PERF-VERSION-GEN' (3 runs):
2.857503976 seconds time elapsed ( +- 0.22% )
The build can be even slower than that, when one over NFS volumes.
The reason for the slowness is that util/PERF-VERSION-GEN uses "git
describe" to generate the string, which has to count the "number of
commits distance" from the nearest tag - the ".1458." count in the
output above. For that Git had to extract and decompress 1458 Git
objects, which takes time and bandwidth.
But this "number of commits" value is mostly irrelevant in practice. We
either want to know an approximate tag name, or we want to know the
precise sha1.
So this patch simplifies the version string to:
PERF_VERSION = 3.7.rc3.g5399b3b.dirty
which speeds up the version string generation script by an order of
magnitude:
$ perf stat --null --repeat 3 --sync --pre "rm -f PERF-VERSION-FILE" util/PERF-VERSION-GEN
PERF_VERSION = 3.7.rc3.g5399b3b.dirty
PERF_VERSION = 3.7.rc3.g5399b3b.dirty
PERF_VERSION = 3.7.rc3.g5399b3b.dirty
Performance counter stats for 'util/PERF-VERSION-GEN' (3 runs):
0.307633559 seconds time elapsed ( +- 0.84% )
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@amd64.org>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20121030084600.GB8245@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
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Before:
$ perf --version
perf version perf.urgent.for.mingo.5.g37da28
After:
$ perf --version
perf version 3.4.8941.g37da28.dirty
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-vc9b4e6023iegz9kabr3yvyv@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
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When generating the perf version from the kernel version using 'make
kernelver' it is necessary to clear out any MAKEFLAGS otherwise they may
trigger additional output which pollute the contents.
Signed-off-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
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Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@ghostprotocols.net>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
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Some versions of grep don't treat '\s' properly. When building perf on such
systems and using a kernel tarball the perf version is unable to be determined
from the main kernel Makefile and the user is left with a version of '..'.
Replacing the use of '\s' with '[[:space:]]', which should work in all grep
versions, gives a usable version number.
Reported-by: Tapan Dhimant <tdhimant@akamai.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Tapan Dhimant <tdhimant@akamai.com>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: stable@kernel.org
LKML-Reference: <1300241800-30281-1-git-send-email-johunt@akamai.com>
Signed-off-by: Josh Hunt <johunt@akamai.com>
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
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This gets rid of the default version fallback for Perf and
changes it so that it returns the version of the kernel from
it's Makefile (if sources were not from git, ie. if it was
downloaded from a tarball)
Signed-off-by: Thavidu Ranatunga <tharan@au1.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Ian Munsie <imunsie@au1.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
LKML-Reference: <1278316815-6099-2-git-send-email-tharan@au1.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Changes the Perf --version string such that it shows the kernel
version as suggested by Ingo as follows:
That way the perf that comes with v2.6.34 will be:
perf version v2.6.34
while interim versions will have the version of the interim
kernel - for example:
perf version v2.6.35-rc4-70-g39ef13a
This functionality was already in the perf version generator
file except that it was looking for a .git in the perf directory
instead of the kernel directory.
Signed-off-by: Thavidu Ranatunga <tharan@au1.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Ian Munsie <imunsie@au1.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
LKML-Reference: <1278316815-6099-1-git-send-email-tharan@au1.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Avoiding polluting the source tree with build files.
Reported-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Frédéric Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
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We released the first version of perf with 0.0.1 in v2.6.31,
time to double our version number to 0.0.2 ;-)
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Several people have suggested that 'perf' has become a full-fledged
tool that should be moved out of Documentation/. Move it to the
(new) tools/ directory.
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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