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The VM tries to balance reclaim pressure between anon and file so as to
reduce the amount of IO incurred due to the memory shortage. It already
counts refaults and swapins, but in addition it should also count
writepage calls during reclaim.
For swap, this is obvious: it's IO that wouldn't have occurred if the
anonymous memory hadn't been under memory pressure. From a relative
balancing point of view this makes sense as well: even if anon is cold and
reclaimable, a cache that isn't thrashing may have equally cold pages that
don't require IO to reclaim.
For file writeback, it's trickier: some of the reclaim writepage IO would
have likely occurred anyway due to dirty expiration. But not all of it -
premature writeback reduces batching and generates additional writes.
Since the flushers are already woken up by the time the VM starts writing
cache pages one by one, let's assume that we'e likely causing writes that
wouldn't have happened without memory pressure. In addition, the per-page
cost of IO would have probably been much cheaper if written in larger
batches from the flusher thread rather than the single-page-writes from
kswapd.
For our purposes - getting the trend right to accelerate convergence on a
stable state that doesn't require paging at all - this is sufficiently
accurate. If we later wanted to optimize for sustained thrashing, we can
still refine the measurements.
Count all writepage calls from kswapd as IO cost toward the LRU that the
page belongs to.
Why do this dynamically? Don't we know in advance that anon pages require
IO to reclaim, and so could build in a static bias?
First, scanning is not the same as reclaiming. If all the anon pages are
referenced, we may not swap for a while just because we're scanning the
anon list. During this time, however, it's important that we age
anonymous memory and the page cache at the same rate so that their
hot-cold gradients are comparable. Everything else being equal, we still
want to reclaim the coldest memory overall.
Second, we keep copies in swap unless the page changes. If there is
swap-backed data that's mostly read (tmpfs file) and has been swapped out
before, we can reclaim it without incurring additional IO.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200520232525.798933-14-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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We split the LRU lists into anon and file, and we rebalance the scan
pressure between them when one of them begins thrashing: if the file cache
experiences workingset refaults, we increase the pressure on anonymous
pages; if the workload is stalled on swapins, we increase the pressure on
the file cache instead.
With cgroups and their nested LRU lists, we currently don't do this
correctly. While recursive cgroup reclaim establishes a relative LRU
order among the pages of all involved cgroups, LRU pressure balancing is
done on an individual cgroup LRU level. As a result, when one cgroup is
thrashing on the filesystem cache while a sibling may have cold anonymous
pages, pressure doesn't get equalized between them.
This patch moves LRU balancing decision to the root of reclaim - the same
level where the LRU order is established.
It does this by tracking LRU cost recursively, so that every level of the
cgroup tree knows the aggregate LRU cost of all memory within its domain.
When the page scanner calculates the scan balance for any given individual
cgroup's LRU list, it uses the values from the ancestor cgroup that
initiated the reclaim cycle.
If one sibling is then thrashing on the cache, it will tip the pressure
balance inside its ancestors, and the next hierarchical reclaim iteration
will go more after the anon pages in the tree.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200520232525.798933-13-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Since the LRUs were split into anon and file lists, the VM has been
balancing between page cache and anonymous pages based on per-list ratios
of scanned vs. rotated pages. In most cases that tips page reclaim
towards the list that is easier to reclaim and has the fewest actively
used pages, but there are a few problems with it:
1. Refaults and LRU rotations are weighted the same way, even though
one costs IO and the other costs a bit of CPU.
2. The less we scan an LRU list based on already observed rotations,
the more we increase the sampling interval for new references, and
rotations become even more likely on that list. This can enter a
death spiral in which we stop looking at one list completely until
the other one is all but annihilated by page reclaim.
Since commit a528910e12ec ("mm: thrash detection-based file cache sizing")
we have refault detection for the page cache. Along with swapin events,
they are good indicators of when the file or anon list, respectively, is
too small for its workingset and needs to grow.
For example, if the page cache is thrashing, the cache pages need more
time in memory, while there may be colder pages on the anonymous list.
Likewise, if swapped pages are faulting back in, it indicates that we
reclaim anonymous pages too aggressively and should back off.
Replace LRU rotations with refaults and swapins as the basis for relative
reclaim cost of the two LRUs. This will have the VM target list balances
that incur the least amount of IO on aggregate.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200520232525.798933-12-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Currently, scan pressure between the anon and file LRU lists is balanced
based on a mixture of reclaim efficiency and a somewhat vague notion of
"value" of having certain pages in memory over others. That concept of
value is problematic, because it has caused us to count any event that
remotely makes one LRU list more or less preferrable for reclaim, even
when these events are not directly comparable and impose very different
costs on the system. One example is referenced file pages that we still
deactivate and referenced anonymous pages that we actually rotate back to
the head of the list.
There is also conceptual overlap with the LRU algorithm itself. By
rotating recently used pages instead of reclaiming them, the algorithm
already biases the applied scan pressure based on page value. Thus, when
rebalancing scan pressure due to rotations, we should think of reclaim
cost, and leave assessing the page value to the LRU algorithm.
Lastly, considering both value-increasing as well as value-decreasing
events can sometimes cause the same type of event to be counted twice,
i.e. how rotating a page increases the LRU value, while reclaiming it
succesfully decreases the value. In itself this will balance out fine,
but it quietly skews the impact of events that are only recorded once.
The abstract metric of "value", the murky relationship with the LRU
algorithm, and accounting both negative and positive events make the
current pressure balancing model hard to reason about and modify.
This patch switches to a balancing model of accounting the concrete,
actually observed cost of reclaiming one LRU over another. For now, that
cost includes pages that are scanned but rotated back to the list head.
Subsequent patches will add consideration for IO caused by refaulting of
recently evicted pages.
Replace struct zone_reclaim_stat with two cost counters in the lruvec, and
make everything that affects cost go through a new lru_note_cost()
function.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200520232525.798933-9-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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They're the same function, and for the purpose of all callers they are
equivalent to lru_cache_add().
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix it for local_lock changes]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200520232525.798933-5-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Having statistics on pages scanned and pages reclaimed for both anon and
file pages makes it easier to evaluate changes to LRU balancing.
While at it, clean up the stat-keeping mess for isolation, putback,
reclaim stats etc. a bit: first the physical LRU operation (isolation and
putback), followed by vmstats, reclaim_stats, and then vm events.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200520232525.798933-3-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Swapin faults were the last event to charge pages after they had already
been put on the LRU list. Now that we charge directly on swapin, the
lrucare portion of the charge code is unused.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200508183105.225460-19-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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A few cleanups to streamline the swap controller setup:
- Replace the do_swap_account flag with cgroup_memory_noswap. This
brings it in line with other functionality that is usually available
unless explicitly opted out of - nosocket, nokmem.
- Remove the really_do_swap_account flag that stores the boot option
and is later used to switch the do_swap_account. It's not clear why
this indirection is/was necessary. Use do_swap_account directly.
- Minor coding style polishing
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200508183105.225460-15-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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There are no more users. RIP in peace.
[arnd@arndb.de: fix an unused-function warning]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200528095640.151454-1-arnd@arndb.de
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200508183105.225460-14-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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With the page->mapping requirement gone from memcg, we can charge anon and
file-thp pages in one single step, right after they're allocated.
This removes two out of three API calls - especially the tricky commit
step that needed to happen at just the right time between when the page is
"set up" and when it's "published" - somewhat vague and fluid concepts
that varied by page type. All we need is a freshly allocated page and a
memcg context to charge.
v2: prevent double charges on pre-allocated hugepages in khugepaged
[hannes@cmpxchg.org: Fix crash - *hpage could be ERR_PTR instead of NULL]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200512215813.GA487759@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200508183105.225460-13-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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With rmap memcg locking already in place for NR_ANON_MAPPED, it's just a
small step to remove the MEMCG_RSS_HUGE wart and switch memcg to the
native NR_ANON_THPS accounting sites.
[hannes@cmpxchg.org: fixes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200512121750.GA397968@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: Naresh Kamboju <naresh.kamboju@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> [build-tested]
Cc: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200508183105.225460-12-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Memcg maintains a private MEMCG_RSS counter. This divergence from the
generic VM accounting means unnecessary code overhead, and creates a
dependency for memcg that page->mapping is set up at the time of charging,
so that page types can be told apart.
Convert the generic accounting sites to mod_lruvec_page_state and friends
to maintain the per-cgroup vmstat counter of NR_ANON_MAPPED. We use
lock_page_memcg() to stabilize page->mem_cgroup during rmap changes, the
same way we do for NR_FILE_MAPPED.
With the previous patch removing MEMCG_CACHE and the private NR_SHMEM
counter, this patch finally eliminates the need to have page->mapping set
up at charge time. However, we need to have page->mem_cgroup set up by
the time rmap runs and does the accounting, so switch the commit and the
rmap callbacks around.
v2: fix temporary accounting bug by switching rmap<->commit (Joonsoo)
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200508183105.225460-11-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Memcg maintains private MEMCG_CACHE and NR_SHMEM counters. This
divergence from the generic VM accounting means unnecessary code overhead,
and creates a dependency for memcg that page->mapping is set up at the
time of charging, so that page types can be told apart.
Convert the generic accounting sites to mod_lruvec_page_state and friends
to maintain the per-cgroup vmstat counters of NR_FILE_PAGES and NR_SHMEM.
The page is already locked in these places, so page->mem_cgroup is stable;
we only need minimal tweaks of two mem_cgroup_migrate() calls to ensure
it's set up in time.
Then replace MEMCG_CACHE with NR_FILE_PAGES and delete the private
NR_SHMEM accounting sites.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200508183105.225460-10-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Anonymous compound pages can be mapped by ptes, which means that if we
want to track NR_MAPPED_ANON, NR_ANON_THPS on a per-cgroup basis, we have
to be prepared to see tail pages in our accounting functions.
Make mod_lruvec_page_state() and lock_page_memcg() deal with tail pages
correctly, namely by redirecting to the head page which has the
page->mem_cgroup set up.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200508183105.225460-9-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The try/commit/cancel protocol that memcg uses dates back to when pages
used to be uncharged upon removal from the page cache, and thus couldn't
be committed before the insertion had succeeded. Nowadays, pages are
uncharged when they are physically freed; it doesn't matter whether the
insertion was successful or not. For the page cache, the transaction
dance has become unnecessary.
Introduce a mem_cgroup_charge() function that simply charges a newly
allocated page to a cgroup and sets up page->mem_cgroup in one single
step. If the insertion fails, the caller doesn't have to do anything but
free/put the page.
Then switch the page cache over to this new API.
Subsequent patches will also convert anon pages, but it needs a bit more
prep work. Right now, memcg depends on page->mapping being already set up
at the time of charging, so that it can maintain its own MEMCG_CACHE and
MEMCG_RSS counters. For anon, page->mapping is set under the same pte
lock under which the page is publishd, so a single charge point that can
block doesn't work there just yet.
The following prep patches will replace the private memcg counters with
the generic vmstat counters, thus removing the page->mapping dependency,
then complete the transition to the new single-point charge API and delete
the old transactional scheme.
v2: leave shmem swapcache when charging fails to avoid double IO (Joonsoo)
v3: rebase on preceeding shmem simplification patch
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200508183105.225460-6-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The cgroup swaprate throttling is about matching new anon allocations to
the rate of available IO when that is being throttled. It's the io
controller hooking into the VM, rather than a memory controller thing.
Rename mem_cgroup_throttle_swaprate() to cgroup_throttle_swaprate(), and
drop the @memcg argument which is only used to check whether the preceding
page charge has succeeded and the fault is proceeding.
We could decouple the call from mem_cgroup_try_charge() here as well, but
that would cause unnecessary churn: the following patches convert all
callsites to a new charge API and we'll decouple as we go along.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
Reviewed-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200508183105.225460-5-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The memcg charging API carries a boolean @compound parameter that tells
whether the page we're dealing with is a hugepage.
mem_cgroup_commit_charge() has another boolean @lrucare that indicates
whether the page needs LRU locking or not while charging. The majority of
callsites know those parameters at compile time, which results in a lot of
naked "false, false" argument lists. This makes for cryptic code and is a
breeding ground for subtle mistakes.
Thankfully, the huge page state can be inferred from the page itself and
doesn't need to be passed along. This is safe because charging completes
before the page is published and somebody may split it.
Simplify the callsites by removing @compound, and let memcg infer the
state by using hpage_nr_pages() unconditionally. That function does
PageTransHuge() to identify huge pages, which also helpfully asserts that
nobody passes in tail pages by accident.
The following patches will introduce a new charging API, best not to carry
over unnecessary weight.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
Reviewed-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200508183105.225460-4-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Fix an nr_isolate_* mismatch problem between cma and dirty lazyfree pages.
If try_to_unmap_one is used for reclaim and it detects a dirty lazyfree
page, then the lazyfree page is changed to a normal anon page having
SwapBacked by commit 802a3a92ad7a ("mm: reclaim MADV_FREE pages"). Even
with the change, reclaim context correctly counts isolated files because
it uses is_file_lru to distinguish file. And the change to anon is not
happened if try_to_unmap_one is used for migration. So migration context
like compaction also correctly counts isolated files even though it uses
page_is_file_lru insted of is_file_lru. Recently page_is_file_cache was
renamed to page_is_file_lru by commit 9de4f22a60f7 ("mm: code cleanup for
MADV_FREE").
But the nr_isolate_* mismatch problem happens on cma alloc. There is
reclaim_clean_pages_from_list which is being used only by cma. It was
introduced by commit 02c6de8d757c ("mm: cma: discard clean pages during
contiguous allocation instead of migration") to reclaim clean file pages
without migration. The cma alloc uses both reclaim_clean_pages_from_list
and migrate_pages, and it uses page_is_file_lru to count isolated files.
If there are dirty lazyfree pages allocated from cma memory region, the
pages are counted as isolated file at the beginging but are counted as
isolated anon after finished.
Mem-Info:
Node 0 active_anon:3045904kB inactive_anon:611448kB active_file:14892kB inactive_file:205636kB unevictable:10416kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):37664kB mapped:630216kB dirty:384kB writeback:0kB shmem:42576kB writeback_tmp:0kB unstable:0kB all_unreclaimable? no
Like log above, there were too much isolated files, 37664kB, which
triggers too_many_isolated in reclaim even when there is no actually
isolated file in system wide. It could be reproducible by running two
programs, writing on MADV_FREE page and doing cma alloc, respectively.
Although isolated anon is 0, I found that the internal value of isolated
anon was the negative value of isolated file.
Fix this by compensating the isolated count for both LRU lists. Count
non-discarded lazyfree pages in shrink_page_list, then compensate the
counted number in reclaim_clean_pages_from_list.
Reported-by: Yong-Taek Lee <ytk.lee@samsung.com>
Suggested-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaewon Kim <jaewon31.kim@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200426011718.30246-1-jaewon31.kim@samsung.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
None of the three callers of get_compound_page_dtor() want to know the
value; they just want to call the function. Replace it with
destroy_compound_page() which calls the dtor for them.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200517105051.9352-1-willy@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
There are multiple similar definitions for arch_clear_hugepage_flags() on
various platforms. Lets just add it's generic fallback definition for
platforms that do not override. This help reduce code duplication.
Signed-off-by: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1588907271-11920-4-git-send-email-anshuman.khandual@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
There are multiple similar definitions for is_hugepage_only_range() on
various platforms. Lets just add it's generic fallback definition for
platforms that do not override. This help reduce code duplication.
Signed-off-by: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1588907271-11920-3-git-send-email-anshuman.khandual@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Patch series "mm/hugetlb: Add some new generic fallbacks", v3.
This series adds the following new generic fallbacks. Before that it
drops __HAVE_ARCH_HUGE_PTEP_GET from arm64 platform.
1. is_hugepage_only_range()
2. arch_clear_hugepage_flags()
After this arm (32 bit) remains the sole platform defining it's own
huge_ptep_get() via __HAVE_ARCH_HUGE_PTEP_GET.
This patch (of 3):
Platform specific huge_ptep_get() is required only when fetching the huge
PTE involves more than just dereferencing the page table pointer. This is
not the case on arm64 platform. Hence huge_ptep_pte() can be dropped
along with it's __HAVE_ARCH_HUGE_PTEP_GET subscription. Before that, it
updates the generic huge_ptep_get() with READ_ONCE() which will prevent
known page table issues with THP on arm64.
Signed-off-by: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1588907271-11920-1-git-send-email-anshuman.khandual@arm.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r//1506527369-19535-1-git-send-email-will.deacon@arm.com/
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1588907271-11920-2-git-send-email-anshuman.khandual@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Now that architectures provide arch_hugetlb_valid_size(), parsing of
"hugepagesz=" can be done in architecture independent code. Create a
single routine to handle hugepagesz= parsing and remove all arch specific
routines. We can also remove the interface hugetlb_bad_size() as this is
no longer used outside arch independent code.
This also provides consistent behavior of hugetlbfs command line options.
The hugepagesz= option should only be specified once for a specific size,
but some architectures allow multiple instances. This appears to be more
of an oversight when code was added by some architectures to set up ALL
huge pages sizes.
Signed-off-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: Sandipan Das <sandipan@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mina Almasry <almasrymina@google.com>
Acked-by: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com> [s390]
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@c-s.fr>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Longpeng <longpeng2@huawei.com>
Cc: Nitesh Narayan Lal <nitesh@redhat.com>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Anders Roxell <anders.roxell@linaro.org>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200417185049.275845-3-mike.kravetz@oracle.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200428205614.246260-3-mike.kravetz@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Patch series "Clean up hugetlb boot command line processing", v4.
Longpeng(Mike) reported a weird message from hugetlb command line
processing and proposed a solution [1]. While the proposed patch does
address the specific issue, there are other related issues in command line
processing. As hugetlbfs evolved, updates to command line processing have
been made to meet immediate needs and not necessarily in a coordinated
manner. The result is that some processing is done in arch specific code,
some is done in arch independent code and coordination is problematic.
Semantics can vary between architectures.
The patch series does the following:
- Define arch specific arch_hugetlb_valid_size routine used to validate
passed huge page sizes.
- Move hugepagesz= command line parsing out of arch specific code and into
an arch independent routine.
- Clean up command line processing to follow desired semantics and
document those semantics.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20200305033014.1152-1-longpeng2@huawei.com
This patch (of 3):
The architecture independent routine hugetlb_default_setup sets up the
default huge pages size. It has no way to verify if the passed value is
valid, so it accepts it and attempts to validate at a later time. This
requires undocumented cooperation between the arch specific and arch
independent code.
For architectures that support more than one huge page size, provide a
routine arch_hugetlb_valid_size to validate a huge page size.
hugetlb_default_setup can use this to validate passed values.
arch_hugetlb_valid_size will also be used in a subsequent patch to move
processing of the "hugepagesz=" in arch specific code to a common routine
in arch independent code.
Signed-off-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com> [s390]
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Longpeng <longpeng2@huawei.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@c-s.fr>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Mina Almasry <almasrymina@google.com>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: Nitesh Narayan Lal <nitesh@redhat.com>
Cc: Anders Roxell <anders.roxell@linaro.org>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200428205614.246260-1-mike.kravetz@oracle.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200428205614.246260-2-mike.kravetz@oracle.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200417185049.275845-1-mike.kravetz@oracle.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200417185049.275845-2-mike.kravetz@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
'max_ptes_shared' specifies how many pages can be shared across multiple
processes. Exceeding the number would block the collapse::
/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/khugepaged/max_ptes_shared
A higher value may increase memory footprint for some workloads.
By default, at least half of pages has to be not shared.
[colin.king@canonical.com: fix several spelling mistakes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200420084241.65433-1-colin.king@canonical.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: William Kucharski <william.kucharski@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Acked-by: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200416160026.16538-9-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Using padata during deferred init has only been tested on x86, so for now
limit it to this architecture.
If another arch wants this, it can find the max thread limit that's best
for it and override deferred_page_init_max_threads().
Signed-off-by: Daniel Jordan <daniel.m.jordan@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Alexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Robert Elliott <elliott@hpe.com>
Cc: Shile Zhang <shile.zhang@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Steffen Klassert <steffen.klassert@secunet.com>
Cc: Steven Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200527173608.2885243-8-daniel.m.jordan@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Sometimes the kernel doesn't take full advantage of system memory
bandwidth, leading to a single CPU spending excessive time in
initialization paths where the data scales with memory size.
Multithreading naturally addresses this problem.
Extend padata, a framework that handles many parallel yet singlethreaded
jobs, to also handle multithreaded jobs by adding support for splitting up
the work evenly, specifying a minimum amount of work that's appropriate
for one helper thread to do, load balancing between helpers, and
coordinating them.
This is inspired by work from Pavel Tatashin and Steve Sistare.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Jordan <daniel.m.jordan@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Alexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Robert Elliott <elliott@hpe.com>
Cc: Shile Zhang <shile.zhang@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Steffen Klassert <steffen.klassert@secunet.com>
Cc: Steven Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200527173608.2885243-5-daniel.m.jordan@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
padata allocates per-CPU, per-instance work structs for parallel jobs. A
do_parallel call assigns a job to a sequence number and hashes the number
to a CPU, where the job will eventually run using the corresponding work.
This approach fit with how padata used to bind a job to each CPU
round-robin, makes less sense after commit bfde23ce200e6 ("padata: unbind
parallel jobs from specific CPUs") because a work isn't bound to a
particular CPU anymore, and isn't needed at all for multithreaded jobs
because they don't have sequence numbers.
Replace the per-CPU works with a preallocated pool, which allows sharing
them between existing padata users and the upcoming multithreaded user.
The pool will also facilitate setting NUMA-aware concurrency limits with
later users.
The pool is sized according to the number of possible CPUs. With this
limit, MAX_OBJ_NUM no longer makes sense, so remove it.
If the global pool is exhausted, a parallel job is run in the current task
instead to throttle a system trying to do too much in parallel.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Jordan <daniel.m.jordan@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Alexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Robert Elliott <elliott@hpe.com>
Cc: Shile Zhang <shile.zhang@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Steffen Klassert <steffen.klassert@secunet.com>
Cc: Steven Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200527173608.2885243-4-daniel.m.jordan@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
padata will soon initialize the system's struct pages in parallel, so it
needs to be ready by page_alloc_init_late().
The error return from padata_driver_init() triggers an initcall warning,
so add a warning to padata_init() to avoid silent failure.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Jordan <daniel.m.jordan@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Alexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Robert Elliott <elliott@hpe.com>
Cc: Shile Zhang <shile.zhang@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Steffen Klassert <steffen.klassert@secunet.com>
Cc: Steven Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200527173608.2885243-3-daniel.m.jordan@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Initializing struct pages is a long task and keeping interrupts disabled
for the duration of this operation introduces a number of problems.
1. jiffies are not updated for long period of time, and thus incorrect time
is reported. See proposed solution and discussion here:
lkml/20200311123848.118638-1-shile.zhang@linux.alibaba.com
2. It prevents farther improving deferred page initialization by allowing
intra-node multi-threading.
We are keeping interrupts disabled to solve a rather theoretical problem
that was never observed in real world (See 3a2d7fa8a3d5).
Let's keep interrupts enabled. In case we ever encounter a scenario where
an interrupt thread wants to allocate large amount of memory this early in
boot we can deal with that by growing zone (see deferred_grow_zone()) by
the needed amount before starting deferred_init_memmap() threads.
Before:
[ 1.232459] node 0 initialised, 12058412 pages in 1ms
After:
[ 1.632580] node 0 initialised, 12051227 pages in 436ms
Fixes: 3a2d7fa8a3d5 ("mm: disable interrupts while initializing deferred pages")
Reported-by: Shile Zhang <shile.zhang@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Jordan <daniel.m.jordan@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
Cc: Yiqian Wei <yiwei@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [4.17+]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200403140952.17177-3-pasha.tatashin@soleen.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Restrict elements in compound_page_dtors[] array per NR_COMPOUND_DTORS and
explicitly position them according to enum compound_dtor_id. This
improves protection against possible misalignment between
compound_page_dtors[] and enum compound_dtor_id later on.
Signed-off-by: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1589795958-19317-1-git-send-email-anshuman.khandual@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Pageblock migrate type is encoded in GFP flags, just as zone_type and
zonelist.
Currently we use gfp_zone() and gfp_zonelist() to extract related
information, it would be proper to use the same naming convention for
migrate type.
Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Pankaj Gupta <pankaj.gupta.linux@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200329080823.7735-1-richard.weiyang@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
classzone_idx is just different name for high_zoneidx now. So, integrate
them and add some comment to struct alloc_context in order to reduce
future confusion about the meaning of this variable.
The accessor, ac_classzone_idx() is also removed since it isn't needed
after integration.
In addition to integration, this patch also renames high_zoneidx to
highest_zoneidx since it represents more precise meaning.
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Ye Xiaolong <xiaolong.ye@intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1587095923-7515-3-git-send-email-iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Since commit 397dc00e249ec64e10 ("mips: sgi-ip27: switch from DISCONTIGMEM
to SPARSEMEM"), the last caller of free_bootmem_with_active_regions() was
gone. Now no user calls it any more.
Let's remove it.
Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200402143455.5145-1-bhe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
free_area_init_node() is only used by x86 to initialize a memory-less
nodes. Make its name reflect this and drop all the function parameters
except node ID as they are anyway zero.
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: Hoan Tran <hoan@os.amperecomputing.com> [arm64]
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Brian Cain <bcain@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <ley.foon.tan@intel.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Nick Hu <nickhu@andestech.com>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200412194859.12663-19-rppt@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Some architectures (e.g. ARC) have the ZONE_HIGHMEM zone below the
ZONE_NORMAL. Allowing free_area_init() parse max_zone_pfn array even it
is sorted in descending order allows using free_area_init() on such
architectures.
Add top -> down traversal of max_zone_pfn array in free_area_init() and
use the latter in ARC node/zone initialization.
[rppt@kernel.org: ARC fix]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200504153901.GM14260@kernel.org
[rppt@linux.ibm.com: arc: free_area_init(): take into account PAE40 mode]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200507205900.GH683243@linux.ibm.com
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: declare arch_has_descending_max_zone_pfns()]
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: Hoan Tran <hoan@os.amperecomputing.com> [arm64]
Reviewed-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Brian Cain <bcain@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <ley.foon.tan@intel.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Nick Hu <nickhu@andestech.com>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200412194859.12663-18-rppt@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
free_area_init() has effectively became a wrapper for
free_area_init_nodes() and there is no point of keeping it. Still
free_area_init() name is shorter and more general as it does not imply
necessity to initialize multiple nodes.
Rename free_area_init_nodes() to free_area_init(), update the callers and
drop old version of free_area_init().
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: Hoan Tran <hoan@os.amperecomputing.com> [arm64]
Reviewed-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Brian Cain <bcain@codeaurora.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <ley.foon.tan@intel.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Nick Hu <nickhu@andestech.com>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200412194859.12663-6-rppt@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Currently, architectures that use free_area_init() to initialize memory
map and node and zone structures need to calculate zone and hole sizes.
We can use free_area_init_nodes() instead and let it detect the zone
boundaries while the architectures will only have to supply the possible
limits for the zones.
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: Hoan Tran <hoan@os.amperecomputing.com> [arm64]
Reviewed-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Brian Cain <bcain@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <ley.foon.tan@intel.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Nick Hu <nickhu@andestech.com>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200412194859.12663-5-rppt@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
CONFIG_HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP is used to differentiate initialization of
nodes and zones structures between the systems that have region to node
mapping in memblock and those that don't.
Currently all the NUMA architectures enable this option and for the
non-NUMA systems we can presume that all the memory belongs to node 0 and
therefore the compile time configuration option is not required.
The remaining few architectures that use DISCONTIGMEM without NUMA are
easily updated to use memblock_add_node() instead of memblock_add() and
thus have proper correspondence of memblock regions to NUMA nodes.
Still, free_area_init_node() must have a backward compatible version
because its semantics with and without CONFIG_HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP is
different. Once all the architectures will use the new semantics, the
entire compatibility layer can be dropped.
To avoid addition of extra run time memory to store node id for
architectures that keep memblock but have only a single node, the node id
field of the memblock_region is guarded by CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES and
the corresponding accessors presume that in those cases it is always 0.
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: Hoan Tran <hoan@os.amperecomputing.com> [arm64]
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> [arm64]
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Brian Cain <bcain@codeaurora.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <ley.foon.tan@intel.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Nick Hu <nickhu@andestech.com>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200412194859.12663-4-rppt@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
early_pfn_to_nid() and its helper __early_pfn_to_nid() are spread around
include/linux/mm.h, include/linux/mmzone.h and mm/page_alloc.c.
Drop unused stub for __early_pfn_to_nid() and move its actual generic
implementation close to its users.
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: Hoan Tran <hoan@os.amperecomputing.com> [arm64]
Reviewed-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Brian Cain <bcain@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <ley.foon.tan@intel.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Nick Hu <nickhu@andestech.com>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200412194859.12663-3-rppt@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
It seems that the existing documentation is not explicit about the
expected usage and potential risks enough. While it is calls out that
users have to free memory when using this flag it is not really apparent
that users have to careful to not deplete memory reserves and that they
should implement some sort of throttling wrt. freeing process.
This is partly based on Neil's explanation [1].
Let's also call out that a pre allocated pool allocator should be
considered.
[1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/877dz0yxoa.fsf@notabene.neil.brown.name
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding style fixes]
[mhocko@kernel.org: update]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200406070137.GC19426@dhcp22.suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joel Fernandes <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200403083543.11552-2-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
The memcmp KASAN self-test fails on a kernel with both KASAN and
FORTIFY_SOURCE.
When FORTIFY_SOURCE is on, a number of functions are replaced with
fortified versions, which attempt to check the sizes of the operands.
However, these functions often directly invoke __builtin_foo() once they
have performed the fortify check. Using __builtins may bypass KASAN
checks if the compiler decides to inline it's own implementation as
sequence of instructions, rather than emit a function call that goes out
to a KASAN-instrumented implementation.
Why is only memcmp affected?
============================
Of the string and string-like functions that kasan_test tests, only memcmp
is replaced by an inline sequence of instructions in my testing on x86
with gcc version 9.2.1 20191008 (Ubuntu 9.2.1-9ubuntu2).
I believe this is due to compiler heuristics. For example, if I annotate
kmalloc calls with the alloc_size annotation (and disable some fortify
compile-time checking!), the compiler will replace every memset except the
one in kmalloc_uaf_memset with inline instructions. (I have some WIP
patches to add this annotation.)
Does this affect other functions in string.h?
=============================================
Yes. Anything that uses __builtin_* rather than __real_* could be
affected. This looks like:
- strncpy
- strcat
- strlen
- strlcpy maybe, under some circumstances?
- strncat under some circumstances
- memset
- memcpy
- memmove
- memcmp (as noted)
- memchr
- strcpy
Whether a function call is emitted always depends on the compiler. Most
bugs should get caught by FORTIFY_SOURCE, but the missed memcmp test shows
that this is not always the case.
Isn't FORTIFY_SOURCE disabled with KASAN?
========================================-
The string headers on all arches supporting KASAN disable fortify with
kasan, but only when address sanitisation is _also_ disabled. For example
from x86:
#if defined(CONFIG_KASAN) && !defined(__SANITIZE_ADDRESS__)
/*
* For files that are not instrumented (e.g. mm/slub.c) we
* should use not instrumented version of mem* functions.
*/
#define memcpy(dst, src, len) __memcpy(dst, src, len)
#define memmove(dst, src, len) __memmove(dst, src, len)
#define memset(s, c, n) __memset(s, c, n)
#ifndef __NO_FORTIFY
#define __NO_FORTIFY /* FORTIFY_SOURCE uses __builtin_memcpy, etc. */
#endif
#endif
This comes from commit 6974f0c4555e ("include/linux/string.h: add the
option of fortified string.h functions"), and doesn't work when KASAN is
enabled and the file is supposed to be sanitised - as with test_kasan.c
I'm pretty sure this is not wrong, but not as expansive it should be:
* we shouldn't use __builtin_memcpy etc in files where we don't have
instrumentation - it could devolve into a function call to memcpy,
which will be instrumented. Rather, we should use __memcpy which
by convention is not instrumented.
* we also shouldn't be using __builtin_memcpy when we have a KASAN
instrumented file, because it could be replaced with inline asm
that will not be instrumented.
What is correct behaviour?
==========================
Firstly, there is some overlap between fortification and KASAN: both
provide some level of _runtime_ checking. Only fortify provides
compile-time checking.
KASAN and fortify can pick up different things at runtime:
- Some fortify functions, notably the string functions, could easily be
modified to consider sub-object sizes (e.g. members within a struct),
and I have some WIP patches to do this. KASAN cannot detect these
because it cannot insert poision between members of a struct.
- KASAN can detect many over-reads/over-writes when the sizes of both
operands are unknown, which fortify cannot.
So there are a couple of options:
1) Flip the test: disable fortify in santised files and enable it in
unsanitised files. This at least stops us missing KASAN checking, but
we lose the fortify checking.
2) Make the fortify code always call out to real versions. Do this only
for KASAN, for fear of losing the inlining opportunities we get from
__builtin_*.
(We can't use kasan_check_{read,write}: because the fortify functions are
_extern inline_, you can't include _static_ inline functions without a
compiler warning. kasan_check_{read,write} are static inline so we can't
use them even when they would otherwise be suitable.)
Take approach 2 and call out to real versions when KASAN is enabled.
Use __underlying_foo to distinguish from __real_foo: __real_foo always
refers to the kernel's implementation of foo, __underlying_foo could be
either the kernel implementation or the __builtin_foo implementation.
This is sometimes enough to make the memcmp test succeed with
FORTIFY_SOURCE enabled. It is at least enough to get the function call
into the module. One more fix is needed to make it reliable: see the next
patch.
Fixes: 6974f0c4555e ("include/linux/string.h: add the option of fortified string.h functions")
Signed-off-by: Daniel Axtens <dja@axtens.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: David Gow <davidgow@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Daniel Micay <danielmicay@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200423154503.5103-3-dja@axtens.net
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This is the FOLL_PIN equivalent of __get_user_pages_fast(), except with a
more descriptive name, and gup_flags instead of a boolean "write" in the
argument list.
Signed-off-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel@ffwll.ch>
Cc: David Airlie <airlied@linux.ie>
Cc: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "Joonas Lahtinen" <joonas.lahtinen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Auld <matthew.auld@intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Rodrigo Vivi <rodrigo.vivi@intel.com>
Cc: Souptick Joarder <jrdr.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Tvrtko Ursulin <tvrtko.ursulin@intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200519002124.2025955-4-jhubbard@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
There were two nearly identical sets of code for gup_fast() style of
walking the page tables with interrupts disabled. This has lead to the
usual maintenance problems that arise from having duplicated code.
There is already a core internal routine in gup.c for gup_fast(), so just
enhance it very slightly: allow skipping the fall-back to "slow" (regular)
get_user_pages(), via the new FOLL_FAST_ONLY flag. Then, just call
internal_get_user_pages_fast() from __get_user_pages_fast(), and adjust
the API to match pre-existing API behavior.
There is a change in behavior from this refactoring: the nested form of
interrupt disabling is used in all gup_fast() variants now. That's
because there is only one place that interrupt disabling for page walking
is done, and so the safer form is required. This should, if anything,
eliminate possible (rare) bugs, because the non-nested form of enabling
interrupts was fragile at best.
[jhubbard@nvidia.com: fixup]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200521233841.1279742-1-jhubbard@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel@ffwll.ch>
Cc: David Airlie <airlied@linux.ie>
Cc: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "Joonas Lahtinen" <joonas.lahtinen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Auld <matthew.auld@intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Rodrigo Vivi <rodrigo.vivi@intel.com>
Cc: Souptick Joarder <jrdr.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Tvrtko Ursulin <tvrtko.ursulin@intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200519002124.2025955-3-jhubbard@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kdave/linux
Pull btrfs updates from David Sterba:
"Highlights:
- speedup dead root detection during orphan cleanup, eg. when there
are many deleted subvolumes waiting to be cleaned, the trees are
now looked up in radix tree instead of a O(N^2) search
- snapshot creation with inherited qgroup will mark the qgroup
inconsistent, requires a rescan
- send will emit file capabilities after chown, this produces a
stream that does not need postprocessing to set the capabilities
again
- direct io ported to iomap infrastructure, cleaned up and simplified
code, notably removing last use of struct buffer_head in btrfs code
Core changes:
- factor out backreference iteration, to be used by ordinary
backreferences and relocation code
- improved global block reserve utilization
* better logic to serialize requests
* increased maximum available for unlink
* improved handling on large pages (64K)
- direct io cleanups and fixes
* simplify layering, where cloned bios were unnecessarily created
for some cases
* error handling fixes (submit, endio)
* remove repair worker thread, used to avoid deadlocks during
repair
- refactored block group reading code, preparatory work for new type
of block group storage that should improve mount time on large
filesystems
Cleanups:
- cleaned up (and slightly sped up) set/get helpers for metadata data
structure members
- root bit REF_COWS got renamed to SHAREABLE to reflect the that the
blocks of the tree get shared either among subvolumes or with the
relocation trees
Fixes:
- when subvolume deletion fails due to ENOSPC, the filesystem is not
turned read-only
- device scan deals with devices from other filesystems that changed
ownership due to overwrite (mkfs)
- fix a race between scrub and block group removal/allocation
- fix long standing bug of a runaway balance operation, printing the
same line to the syslog, caused by a stale status bit on a reloc
tree that prevented progress
- fix corrupt log due to concurrent fsync of inodes with shared
extents
- fix space underflow for NODATACOW and buffered writes when it for
some reason needs to fallback to COW mode"
* tag 'for-5.8-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kdave/linux: (133 commits)
btrfs: fix space_info bytes_may_use underflow during space cache writeout
btrfs: fix space_info bytes_may_use underflow after nocow buffered write
btrfs: fix wrong file range cleanup after an error filling dealloc range
btrfs: remove redundant local variable in read_block_for_search
btrfs: open code key_search
btrfs: split btrfs_direct_IO to read and write part
btrfs: remove BTRFS_INODE_READDIO_NEED_LOCK
fs: remove dio_end_io()
btrfs: switch to iomap_dio_rw() for dio
iomap: remove lockdep_assert_held()
iomap: add a filesystem hook for direct I/O bio submission
fs: export generic_file_buffered_read()
btrfs: turn space cache writeout failure messages into debug messages
btrfs: include error on messages about failure to write space/inode caches
btrfs: remove useless 'fail_unlock' label from btrfs_csum_file_blocks()
btrfs: do not ignore error from btrfs_next_leaf() when inserting checksums
btrfs: make checksum item extension more efficient
btrfs: fix corrupt log due to concurrent fsync of inodes with shared extents
btrfs: unexport btrfs_compress_set_level()
btrfs: simplify iget helpers
...
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Pull DAX updates part two from Darrick Wong:
"This time around, we're hoisting the DONTCACHE flag from XFS into the
VFS so that we can make the incore DAX mode changes become effective
sooner.
We can't change the file data access mode on a live inode because we
don't have a safe way to change the file ops pointers. The incore
state change becomes effective at inode loading time, which can happen
if the inode is evicted. Therefore, we're making it so that
filesystems can ask the VFS to evict the inode as soon as the last
holder drops.
The per-fs changes to make this call this will be in subsequent pull
requests from Ted and myself.
Summary:
- Introduce DONTCACHE flags for dentries and inodes. This hint will
cause the VFS to drop the associated objects immediately after the
last put, so that we can change the file access mode (DAX or page
cache) on the fly"
* tag 'vfs-5.8-merge-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/xfs/xfs-linux:
fs: Introduce DCACHE_DONTCACHE
fs: Lift XFS_IDONTCACHE to the VFS layer
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Pull DAX updates part one from Darrick Wong:
"After many years of LKML-wrangling about how to enable programs to
query and influence the file data access mode (DAX) when a filesystem
resides on storage devices such as persistent memory, Ira Weiny has
emerged with a proposed set of standard behaviors that has not been
shot down by anyone! We're more or less standardizing on the current
XFS behavior and adapting ext4 to do the same.
This is the first of a handful pull requests that will make ext4 and
XFS present a consistent interface for user programs that care about
DAX. We add a statx attribute that programs can check to see if DAX is
enabled on a particular file. Then, we update the DAX documentation to
spell out the user-visible behaviors that filesystems will guarantee
(until the next storage industry shakeup). The on-disk inode flag has
been in XFS for a few years now.
Summary:
- Clean up io_is_direct.
- Add a new statx flag to indicate when file data access is being
done via DAX (as opposed to the page cache).
- Update the documentation for how system administrators and
application programmers can take advantage of the (still
experimental DAX) feature"
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20200505002016.1085071-1-ira.weiny@intel.com/
* tag 'vfs-5.8-merge-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/xfs/xfs-linux:
Documentation/dax: Update Usage section
fs/stat: Define DAX statx attribute
fs: Remove unneeded IS_DAX() check in io_is_direct()
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security
Pull lockdown update from James Morris:
"An update for the security subsystem to allow unprivileged users
to see the status of the lockdown feature. From Jeremy Cline"
Also an added comment to describe CAP_SETFCAP.
* 'next-general' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security:
capabilities: add description for CAP_SETFCAP
lockdown: Allow unprivileged users to see lockdown status
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pcmoore/audit
Pull audit updates from Paul Moore:
"Summary of the significant patches:
- Record information about binds/unbinds to the audit multicast
socket. This helps identify which processes have/had access to the
information in the audit stream.
- Cleanup and add some additional information to the netfilter
configuration events collected by audit.
- Fix some of the audit error handling code so we don't leak network
namespace references"
* tag 'audit-pr-20200601' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pcmoore/audit:
audit: add subj creds to NETFILTER_CFG record to
audit: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array
audit: make symbol 'audit_nfcfgs' static
netfilter: add audit table unregister actions
audit: tidy and extend netfilter_cfg x_tables
audit: log audit netlink multicast bind and unbind
audit: fix a net reference leak in audit_list_rules_send()
audit: fix a net reference leak in audit_send_reply()
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Document the purpose of CAP_SETFCAP. For some reason this capability
had no description while the others did.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
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