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Zram has lived in staging for a LONG LONG time and have been
fixed/improved by many contributors so code is clean and stable now. Of
course, there are lots of product using zram in real practice.
The major TV companys have used zram as swap since two years ago and
recently our production team released android smart phone with zram
which is used as swap, too and recently Android Kitkat start to use zram
for small memory smart phone. And there was a report Google released
their ChromeOS with zram, too and cyanogenmod have been used zram long
time ago. And I heard some disto have used zram block device for tmpfs.
In addition, I saw many report from many other peoples. For example,
Lubuntu start to use it.
The benefit of zram is very clear. With my experience, one of the
benefit was to remove jitter of video application with backgroud memory
pressure. It would be effect of efficient memory usage by compression
but more issue is whether swap is there or not in the system. Recent
mobile platforms have used JAVA so there are many anonymous pages. But
embedded system normally are reluctant to use eMMC or SDCard as swap
because there is wear-leveling and latency issues so if we do not use
swap, it means we can't reclaim anoymous pages and at last, we could
encounter OOM kill. :(
Although we have real storage as swap, it was a problem, too. Because
it sometime ends up making system very unresponsible caused by slow swap
storage performance.
Quote from Luigi on Google
"Since Chrome OS was mentioned: the main reason why we don't use swap
to a disk (rotating or SSD) is because it doesn't degrade gracefully
and leads to a bad interactive experience. Generally we prefer to
manage RAM at a higher level, by transparently killing and restarting
processes. But we noticed that zram is fast enough to be competitive
with the latter, and it lets us make more efficient use of the
available RAM. " and he announced.
http://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-mm/msg57717.html
Other uses case is to use zram for block device. Zram is block device
so anyone can format the block device and mount on it so some guys on
the internet start zram as /var/tmp.
http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-838198-start-0.html
Let's promote zram and enhance/maintain it instead of removing.
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Bob Liu <bob.liu@oracle.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Luigi Semenzato <semenzato@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjenning@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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RAM block device support module name changed to brd.ko some years ago
with an "rd" alias to match previous module implementation. This patch
updates its Kconfig definition.
Signed-off-by: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Pull block driver updates from Jens Axboe:
"This is the block driver pull request for 3.13. As with the core pull
request just sent out, this was rebased on top of the core branch
again after the immutable series was pulled. This also means that
bcache gets to sit the initial pull over. I will send a second driver
pull request in the merge window to get those fixes in, once they have
been rebased and tested on top of the non-immutable stack.
This pull request contains:
- Add support for the sTec Kronos pci-e flash card from sTec. Also
has various cleanups for this driver, from myself, Bart, Mike
Snizter, and Wei Yongjun.
- Add surprise removal support for the micron mtip32xx driver from
Micron.
- Floppy documentation fix from Ben Harris.
- debugfs bug fix for pktcdvd from Dan Carpenter.
- Fix for the mtip32xx driver stack usage in the debugfs path,
dynamically allocating those buffers instead. From David Milburn.
- Disable cpqarray in Kconfig. The plan is to remove it on request
of HP, but lets disable it for a few revisions just to see if
anyone yells.
- drbd fixes from Lars Ellenberg and Philipp Reisner.
- Elevator switch fix for the s390 block driver from Heiko Carstens.
- loop crash fix on IO to unassigned device from Mikulas Patocka.
- A series of bug fixes for the IBM rsxx pci-e flash driver from
Philip J Kelleher.
- cciss probe fix from Stephen Cameron.
- Xen block front/back fixes from Roger Pau Monne and Vegard Nossum"
* 'for-3.13/drivers' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block: (41 commits)
floppy: Correct documentation of driver options when used as a module.
pktcdvd: debugfs functions return NULL on error
xen-blkfront: restore the non-persistent data path
skd: fix formatting in skd_s1120.h
skd: reorder construct/destruct code
skd: cleanup skd_do_inq_page_da()
skd: remove SKD_OMIT_FROM_SRC_DIST ifdefs
skd: remove redundant skdev->pdev assignment from skd_pci_probe()
skd: use <asm/unaligned.h>
skd: remove SCSI subsystem specific includes
skd: register block device only if some devices are present
skd: fix error messages in skd_init()
skd: fix error paths in skd_init()
skd: fix unregister_blkdev() placement
skd: more removal of bio-based code
skd: cleanup the skd_*() function block wrapping
skd: rip out bio path
skd: fix error return code in skd_pci_probe()
s390/dasd: hold request queue sysfs lock when calling elevator_init()
cciss: return 0 from driver probe function on success, not 1
...
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Pull block IO core updates from Jens Axboe:
"This is the pull request for the core changes in the block layer for
3.13. It contains:
- The new blk-mq request interface.
This is a new and more scalable queueing model that marries the
best part of the request based interface we currently have (which
is fully featured, but scales poorly) and the bio based "interface"
which the new drivers for high IOPS devices end up using because
it's much faster than the request based one.
The bio interface has no block layer support, since it taps into
the stack much earlier. This means that drivers end up having to
implement a lot of functionality on their own, like tagging,
timeout handling, requeue, etc. The blk-mq interface provides all
these. Some drivers even provide a switch to select bio or rq and
has code to handle both, since things like merging only works in
the rq model and hence is faster for some workloads. This is a
huge mess. Conversion of these drivers nets us a substantial code
reduction. Initial results on converting SCSI to this model even
shows an 8x improvement on single queue devices. So while the
model was intended to work on the newer multiqueue devices, it has
substantial improvements for "classic" hardware as well. This code
has gone through extensive testing and development, it's now ready
to go. A pull request is coming to convert virtio-blk to this
model will be will be coming as well, with more drivers scheduled
for 3.14 conversion.
- Two blktrace fixes from Jan and Chen Gang.
- A plug merge fix from Alireza Haghdoost.
- Conversion of __get_cpu_var() from Christoph Lameter.
- Fix for sector_div() with 64-bit divider from Geert Uytterhoeven.
- A fix for a race between request completion and the timeout
handling from Jeff Moyer. This is what caused the merge conflict
with blk-mq/core, in case you are looking at that.
- A dm stacking fix from Mike Snitzer.
- A code consolidation fix and duplicated code removal from Kent
Overstreet.
- A handful of block bug fixes from Mikulas Patocka, fixing a loop
crash and memory corruption on blk cg.
- Elevator switch bug fix from Tomoki Sekiyama.
A heads-up that I had to rebase this branch. Initially the immutable
bio_vecs had been queued up for inclusion, but a week later, it became
clear that it wasn't fully cooked yet. So the decision was made to
pull this out and postpone it until 3.14. It was a straight forward
rebase, just pruning out the immutable series and the later fixes of
problems with it. The rest of the patches applied directly and no
further changes were made"
* 'for-3.13/core' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block: (31 commits)
block: replace IS_ERR and PTR_ERR with PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO
block: replace IS_ERR and PTR_ERR with PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO
block: Do not call sector_div() with a 64-bit divisor
kernel: trace: blktrace: remove redundent memcpy() in compat_blk_trace_setup()
block: Consolidate duplicated bio_trim() implementations
block: Use rw_copy_check_uvector()
block: Enable sysfs nomerge control for I/O requests in the plug list
block: properly stack underlying max_segment_size to DM device
elevator: acquire q->sysfs_lock in elevator_change()
elevator: Fix a race in elevator switching and md device initialization
block: Replace __get_cpu_var uses
bdi: test bdi_init failure
block: fix a probe argument to blk_register_region
loop: fix crash if blk_alloc_queue fails
blk-core: Fix memory corruption if blkcg_init_queue fails
block: fix race between request completion and timeout handling
blktrace: Send BLK_TN_PROCESS events to all running traces
blk-mq: don't disallow request merges for req->special being set
blk-mq: mq plug list breakage
blk-mq: fix for flush deadlock
...
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Mike writes:
"cpqarray hasn't been used in over 12 years. It's doubtful that anyone
still uses the board. It's time the driver was removed from the mainline
kernel. The only updates these days are minor and mostly done by people
outside of HP."
If nobody yells, we'll remove it from the kernel tree completely
for 3.15.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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Signed-off-by: Akhil Bhansali <abhansali@stec-inc.com>
Signed-off-by: Ramprasad Chinthekindi <rchinthekindi@stec-inc.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Folded patch, contributions to clean up this driver from:
Jens Axboe
Dan Carpenter
Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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A driver that simply completes IO it receives, it does no
transfers. Written to fascilitate testing of the blk-mq code.
It supports various module options to use either bio queueing,
rq queueing, or mq mode.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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With this machine deleted, there is no need to maintain the
MFM block driver for its hard disk either.
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
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Changing the adapter name from FlashSystem-80 to the official
name: Flash Adapter 900GB Full Height.
Signed-off-by: Philip J Kelleher <pjk1939@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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This patch includes changing the hardware branding name from
IBM RamSan to IBM FlashSystem.
v2 Changes include:
o Removing the unnecessary IBM Vendor ID #define
v1 Changes include:
o Changed all references of RamSan to FlashSystem.
o Changed the vendor/device IDs for the product.
o Changed driver version number.
o Updated the MAINTAINERS file.
o Various other little things.
Signed-off-by: Philip J Kelleher <pjk1939@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulg/linux into for-3.9/drivers
Paul writes:
Please pull the following to get the removal of the original IBM PC-XT
hard disk driver from the block layer (drivers/block/xd.c).
As near as I can tell, it hasn't seen a run time fix in over a dozen
years, and with drive sizes of 10-20MB, and performance of about 128kB/s
maximum, it is no surprise that it has been completely unused for well
over a decade.
The removal was originally posted[1] well over a month ago, and since
then, there has been nobody objecting to the removal, aside from someone
who had mistakenly confused it with a completely different driver (hd.c)
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This patch includes the device driver for the IBM RamSan
family of PCI SSD flash storage cards. This driver will
include support for the RamSan 70 and 80. The driver
presents a block device for device I/O.
Signed-off-by: Philip J Kelleher <pjk1939@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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This driver was for the 8 bit ISA cards that were installed in
the PC-XT machines of 1980 vintage. They supported the dual
ribbon cable MFM drives of 10-20MB capacity, and ran at a 3:1
interleave, giving performance on the order of 128kB/s.
By the introduction of the PC-AT (286) these controllers were
already scrapped in favour of 16 bit controllers with some onboard
RAM that could support a 1:1 interleave.
The git history doesn't show any evidence of runtime fixes that
would reflect active usage; instead just the usual tree-wide API
type changes/cleanups. Going back to in-source changelogs, the
last "runtime" fix that is evident is something I did over a
dozen years ago[1] -- and even back then, the hardware was long
since unavailable, so that ancient fix was also not runtime tested.
The time is long overdue for this to get flushed, so lets get
rid of it before anyone wastes more time doing builds and sparse
checks etc. on long since dead code.
[1] http://lkml.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0102.2/0027.html
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
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The patch cciss-use-check_signature.patch in -mm tree introduced
a build error:
drivers/built-in.o: In function `CISS_signature_present':
drivers/block/cciss.c:4270: undefined reference to `check_signature'
Add missing CONFIG_CHECK_SIGNATURE to fix this issue.
Reported-by: Fengguang Wu <wfg@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <wfg@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mike Miller <mike.miller@hp.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Acked-by: "Stephen M. Cameron" <scameron@beardog.cce.hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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This config item has not carried much meaning for a while now and is
almost always enabled by default. As agreed during the Linux kernel
summit, remove it.
CC: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
CC: Asai Thambi S P <asamymuthupa@micron.com>
CC: Pete Zaitcev <zaitcev@redhat.com>
CC: Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
CC: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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It was scheduled to be removed in 3.6.
Acked-by: Pete Zaitcev <zaitcev@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
Cc: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <sebastian@breakpoint.cc>
Signed-off-by: Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Deprecate this driver. All devices which can be handled by this driver
can also be handled by the usb-storage driver.
Acked-By: Pete Zaitcev <zaitcev@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <sebastian@breakpoint.cc>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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* git://git.infradead.org/users/willy/linux-nvme: (105 commits)
NVMe: Set number of queues correctly
NVMe: Version 0.8
NVMe: Set queue flags correctly
NVMe: Simplify nvme_unmap_user_pages
NVMe: Mark the end of the sg list
NVMe: Fix DMA mapping for admin commands
NVMe: Rename IO_TIMEOUT to NVME_IO_TIMEOUT
NVMe: Merge the nvme_bio and nvme_prp data structures
NVMe: Change nvme_completion_fn to take a dev
NVMe: Change get_nvmeq to take a dev instead of a namespace
NVMe: Simplify completion handling
NVMe: Update Identify Controller data structure
NVMe: Implement doorbell stride capability
NVMe: Version 0.7
NVMe: Don't probe namespace 0
Fix calculation of number of pages in a PRP List
NVMe: Create nvme_identify and nvme_get_features functions
NVMe: Fix memory leak in nvme_dev_add()
NVMe: Fix calls to dma_unmap_sg
NVMe: Correct sg list setup in nvme_map_user_pages
...
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This adds mtip32xx, a driver supporting Microns line of
pci-express flash storage cards.
Signed-off-by: Asai Thambi S P <asamymuthupa@micron.com>
Signed-off-by: Sam Bradshaw <sbradshaw@micron.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
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This driver is for devices that follow the NVM Express standard
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <matthew.r.wilcox@intel.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/konrad/xen into for-linus
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With the frontend having Xen but the backend not, it just looks odd:
<*> Xen virtual block device support
<*> Block-device backend driver
Fix it to have the 'Xen' in front of it.
Reported-by: Sander Eikelenboom <linux@eikelenboom.it>
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
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devices
Instead of unconditionally creating a fixed number of dead loop
devices which need to be investigated by storage handling services,
even when they are never used, we allow distros start with 0
loop devices and have losetup(8) and similar switch to the dynamic
/dev/loop-control interface instead of searching /dev/loop%i for free
devices.
Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
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with more details.
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
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.. and modify the Makefile and Kconfig files appropriately.
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
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Impact: refactor
Make a distinct frontend xenbus, in preparation for adding a backend xenbus.
Signed-off-by: Ian Campbell <ian.campbell@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
[corresponds to 2fd433a4188f in git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jeremy/xen.git
with adjustments to reflect changes in the code which is moved]
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
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The rados block device (rbd), based on osdblk, creates a block device
that is backed by objects stored in the Ceph distributed object storage
cluster. Each device consists of a single metadata object and data
striped over many data objects.
The rbd driver supports read-only snapshots.
Signed-off-by: Yehuda Sadeh <yehuda@hq.newdream.net>
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>
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Make the PARIDE menu be displayed correctly, with proper/expected
indentation, by moving the GDROM kconfig symbol, which was
splitting the PARIDE kconfig symbol from its dependent symbols.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
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Signed-off-by: Philipp Reisner <philipp.reisner@linbit.com>
Signed-off-by: Lars Ellenberg <lars.ellenberg@linbit.com>
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Submitted driver exports a block device of the form /dev/osdblkX,
where X is a decimal number.
It does that by mounting a stacking block device on top
of an osd object. For example, if you create a 2G object
on an OSD device, you can then use this module to present
that 2G object as a Linux block device.
See inside patch for exact documentation.
[Sitting at linux-next helped fix proper Kconfig dependency
for this driver, thanks to Randy Dunlap]
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial: (31 commits)
trivial: remove the trivial patch monkey's name from SubmittingPatches
trivial: Fix a typo in comment of addrconf_dad_start()
trivial: usb: fix missing space typo in doc
trivial: pci hotplug: adding __init/__exit macros to sgi_hotplug
trivial: Remove the hyphen from git commands
trivial: fix ETIMEOUT -> ETIMEDOUT typos
trivial: Kconfig: .ko is normally not included in module names
trivial: SubmittingPatches: fix typo
trivial: Documentation/dell_rbu.txt: fix typos
trivial: Fix Pavel's address in MAINTAINERS
trivial: ftrace:fix description of trace directory
trivial: unnecessary (void*) cast removal in sound/oss/msnd.c
trivial: input/misc: Fix typo in Kconfig
trivial: fix grammo in bus_for_each_dev() kerneldoc
trivial: rbtree.txt: fix rb_entry() parameters in sample code
trivial: spelling fix in ppc code comments
trivial: fix typo in bio_alloc kernel doc
trivial: Documentation/rbtree.txt: cleanup kerneldoc of rbtree.txt
trivial: Miscellaneous documentation typo fixes
trivial: fix typo milisecond/millisecond for documentation and source comments.
...
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* 'for-linus' of git://git.monstr.eu/linux-2.6-microblaze: (55 commits)
microblaze: Don't use access_ok for unaligned
microblaze: remove unused flat_stack_align() definition
microblaze: Fix problem with early_printk in startup
microblaze_mmu_v2: Makefiles
microblaze_mmu_v2: Kconfig update
microblaze_mmu_v2: stat.h MMU update
microblaze_mmu_v2: Elf update
microblaze_mmu_v2: Update dma.h for MMU
microblaze_mmu_v2: Update cacheflush.h
microblaze_mmu_v2: Update signal returning address
microblaze_mmu_v2: Traps MMU update
microblaze_mmu_v2: Enable fork syscall for MMU and add fork as vfork for noMMU
microblaze_mmu_v2: Update linker script for MMU
microblaze_mmu_v2: Add MMU related exceptions handling
microblaze_mmu_v2: uaccess MMU update
microblaze_mmu_v2: Update exception handling - MMU exception
microblaze_mmu_v2: entry.S, entry.h
microblaze_mmu_v2: Add CURRENT_TASK for entry.S
microblaze_mmu_v2: MMU asm offset update
microblaze_mmu_v2: Update tlb.h and tlbflush.h
...
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.ko is normally not included in Kconfig help, make it consistent.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
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Signed-off-by: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
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Add local copies of ata_id_string() and ata_id_c_string() to mg_disk
so there is no need for the driver to depend on ATA and SCSI.
[ Impact: break dependency on libata by copying ata id string functions ]
Cc: unsik Kim <donari75@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
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This driver supports mflash IO mode for linux.
Mflash is embedded flash drive and mainly targeted mobile and consumer
electronic devices.
Internally, mflash has nand flash and other hardware logics and supports 2
different operation (ATA, IO) modes. ATA mode doesn't need any new driver
and currently works well under standard IDE subsystem. Actually it's one
chip SSD. IO mode is ATA-like custom mode for the host that doesn't have
IDE interface.
Followings are brief descriptions about IO mode.
A. IO mode based on ATA protocol and uses some custom command. (read confirm,
write confirm)
B. IO mode uses SRAM bus interface.
C. IO mode supports 4kB boot area, so host can boot from mflash.
This driver is quitely similar to a standard ATA driver, but because of
following reasons it is currently seperated with ATA layer.
1. ATA layer deals standard ATA protocol. ATA layer have many low-
level device specific interface, but data transfer keeps ATA rule.
But, mflash IO mode doesn't.
2. Even though currently not used in mflash driver code, mflash has
some custom command and modes. (nand fusing, firmware patch, etc) If
this feature supported in linux kernel, ATA layer more altered.
3. Currently PATA platform device driver doesn't support interrupt.
(I'm not sure) But, mflash uses interrupt (polling mode is just for
debug).
4. mflash is somewhat under-develop product. Even though some company
already using mflash their own product, I think more time is needed for
standardization of custom command and mode. That time (maybe October)
I will talk to with ATA people. If they accept integration, I will
integrate.
Signed-off-by: unsik Kim <donari75@gmail.com>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
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It allows to read data from a floppy, but not to write to, and to eject the
floppy (useful on our Mac without eject button).
Signed-off-by: Laurent Vivier <Laurent@lvivier.info>
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
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Create Documentation/blockdev/ sub-directory and populate it.
Populate the Documentation/serial/ sub-directory.
Move MSI-HOWTO.txt to Documentation/PCI/.
Move ioctl-number.txt to Documentation/ioctl/.
Update all relevant 00-INDEX files.
Update all relevant Kconfig files and source files.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
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Many people will see this option the first time now that it is in
drivers/block/
Make it clear that virtually noone needs it.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Cc: rmk@arm.linux.org.uk
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
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This patch moves hd.c to drivers/block/
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Cc: rmk@arm.linux.org.uk
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
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no longer working for some time.
A driver that had been marked as BROKEN for such a long time seems to be
unlikely to be revived in the forseeable future.
But if anyone wants to ever revive this driver, the code is still present in
the older kernel releases.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Alan Cox <alan@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
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Support direct_access XIP method with brd.
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This is a rewrite of the ramdisk block device driver.
The old one is really difficult because it effectively implements a block
device which serves data out of its own buffer cache. It relies on the dirty
bit being set, to pin its backing store in cache, however there are non
trivial paths which can clear the dirty bit (eg. try_to_free_buffers()),
which had recently lead to data corruption. And in general it is completely
wrong for a block device driver to do this.
The new one is more like a regular block device driver. It has no idea about
vm/vfs stuff. It's backing store is similar to the buffer cache (a simple
radix-tree of pages), but it doesn't know anything about page cache (the pages
in the radix tree are not pagecache pages).
There is one slight downside -- direct block device access and filesystem
metadata access goes through an extra copy and gets stored in RAM twice.
However, this downside is only slight, because the real buffercache of the
device is now reclaimable (because we're not playing crazy games with it), so
under memory intensive situations, footprint should effectively be the same --
maybe even a slight advantage to the new driver because it can also reclaim
buffer heads.
The fact that it now goes through all the regular vm/fs paths makes it
much more useful for testing, too.
text data bss dec hex filename
2837 849 384 4070 fe6 drivers/block/rd.o
3528 371 12 3911 f47 drivers/block/brd.o
Text is larger, but data and bss are smaller, making total size smaller.
A few other nice things about it:
- Similar structure and layout to the new loop device handlinag.
- Dynamic ramdisk creation.
- Runtime flexible buffer head size (because it is no longer part of the
ramdisk code).
- Boot / load time flexible ramdisk size, which could easily be extended
to a per-ramdisk runtime changeable size (eg. with an ioctl).
- Can use highmem for the backing store.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build]
[byron.bbradley@gmail.com: make rd_size non-static]
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Byron Bradley <byron.bbradley@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This patch moves virtio under the virtualization menu and changes virtio
devices to not claim to only be for lguest.
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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This patch adds support for the GD-Rom drive, SEGA's proprietary
implementation of an IDE CD Rom for the SEGA Dreamcast. This driver
implements Sega's Packet Interface (SPI) - at least partially. It will
also read disks in SEGA's propreitary GD format.
Unlike previous drivers (which were never in mainline) this uses DMA and
not PIO to read disks. It is a new driver, not a refactoring of old
drivers.
Signed-off by: Adrian McMenamin <adrian@mcmen.demon.co.uk>
Acked-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
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The block driver uses scatter-gather lists with sg[0] being the
request information (struct virtio_blk_outhdr) with the type, sector
and inbuf id. The next N sg entries are the bio itself, then the last
sg is the status byte. Whether the N entries are in or out depends on
whether it's a read or a write.
We accept the normal (SCSI) ioctls: they get handed through to the other
side which can then handle it or reply that it's unsupported. It's
not clear that this actually works in general, since I don't know
if blk_pc_request() requests have an accurate rq_data_dir().
Although we try to reply -ENOTTY on unsupported commands, ioctl(fd,
CDROMEJECT) returns success to userspace. This needs a separate
patch.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
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This option is already in arch/um/Kconfig.char
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
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Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
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Signed-off-by: Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@mindspring.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
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Introduce CONFIG_CHECK_SIGNATURE to control inclusion of check_signature()
and avoid problems on platforms that don't have readb().
Let the few legacy (ISA || PCI || X86) drivers that need check_signature()
select CONFIG_CHECK_SIGNATURE.
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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