1 files changed, 244 insertions, 179 deletions

diff --git a/fs/namei.c b/fs/namei.c
index 46ea9cc16647..c651f02c9fec 100644
--- a/fs/namei.c
+++ b/fs/namei.c
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
-#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/export.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/namei.h>
@@ -116,52 +117,42 @@
  * POSIX.1 2.4: an empty pathname is invalid (ENOENT).
  * PATH_MAX includes the nul terminator --RR.
  */
-static int do_getname(const char __user *filename, char *page)
-{
-	int retval;
-	unsigned long len = PATH_MAX;
-
-	if (!segment_eq(get_fs(), KERNEL_DS)) {
-		if ((unsigned long) filename >= TASK_SIZE)
-			return -EFAULT;
-		if (TASK_SIZE - (unsigned long) filename < PATH_MAX)
-			len = TASK_SIZE - (unsigned long) filename;
-	}
-
-	retval = strncpy_from_user(page, filename, len);
-	if (retval > 0) {
-		if (retval < len)
-			return 0;
-		return -ENAMETOOLONG;
-	} else if (!retval)
-		retval = -ENOENT;
-	return retval;
-}
-
 static char *getname_flags(const char __user *filename, int flags, int *empty)
 {
-	char *result = __getname();
-	int retval;
+	char *result = __getname(), *err;
+	int len;
 
-	if (!result)
+	if (unlikely(!result))
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 
-	retval = do_getname(filename, result);
-	if (retval < 0) {
-		if (retval == -ENOENT && empty)
+	len = strncpy_from_user(result, filename, PATH_MAX);
+	err = ERR_PTR(len);
+	if (unlikely(len < 0))
+		goto error;
+
+	/* The empty path is special. */
+	if (unlikely(!len)) {
+		if (empty)
 			*empty = 1;
-		if (retval != -ENOENT || !(flags & LOOKUP_EMPTY)) {
-			__putname(result);
-			return ERR_PTR(retval);
-		}
+		err = ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
+		if (!(flags & LOOKUP_EMPTY))
+			goto error;
 	}
-	audit_getname(result);
-	return result;
+
+	err = ERR_PTR(-ENAMETOOLONG);
+	if (likely(len < PATH_MAX)) {
+		audit_getname(result);
+		return result;
+	}
+
+error:
+	__putname(result);
+	return err;
 }
 
 char *getname(const char __user * filename)
 {
-	return getname_flags(filename, 0, 0);
+	return getname_flags(filename, 0, NULL);
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_AUDITSYSCALL
@@ -228,10 +219,7 @@ static int acl_permission_check(struct inode *inode, int mask)
 {
 	unsigned int mode = inode->i_mode;
 
-	if (current_user_ns() != inode_userns(inode))
-		goto other_perms;
-
-	if (likely(current_fsuid() == inode->i_uid))
+	if (likely(uid_eq(current_fsuid(), inode->i_uid)))
 		mode >>= 6;
 	else {
 		if (IS_POSIXACL(inode) && (mode & S_IRWXG)) {
@@ -244,7 +232,6 @@ static int acl_permission_check(struct inode *inode, int mask)
 			mode >>= 3;
 	}
 
-other_perms:
 	/*
 	 * If the DACs are ok we don't need any capability check.
 	 */
@@ -280,10 +267,10 @@ int generic_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask)
 
 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
 		/* DACs are overridable for directories */
-		if (ns_capable(inode_userns(inode), CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE))
+		if (inode_capable(inode, CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE))
 			return 0;
 		if (!(mask & MAY_WRITE))
-			if (ns_capable(inode_userns(inode), CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH))
+			if (inode_capable(inode, CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH))
 				return 0;
 		return -EACCES;
 	}
@@ -293,7 +280,7 @@ int generic_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask)
 	 * at least one exec bit set.
 	 */
 	if (!(mask & MAY_EXEC) || (inode->i_mode & S_IXUGO))
-		if (ns_capable(inode_userns(inode), CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE))
+		if (inode_capable(inode, CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE))
 			return 0;
 
 	/*
@@ -301,7 +288,7 @@ int generic_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask)
 	 */
 	mask &= MAY_READ | MAY_WRITE | MAY_EXEC;
 	if (mask == MAY_READ)
-		if (ns_capable(inode_userns(inode), CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH))
+		if (inode_capable(inode, CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH))
 			return 0;
 
 	return -EACCES;
@@ -642,7 +629,7 @@ follow_link(struct path *link, struct nameidata *nd, void **p)
 	cond_resched();
 	current->total_link_count++;
 
-	touch_atime(link->mnt, dentry);
+	touch_atime(link);
 	nd_set_link(nd, NULL);
 
 	error = security_inode_follow_link(link->dentry, nd);
@@ -1054,53 +1041,65 @@ static void follow_dotdot(struct nameidata *nd)
 }
 
 /*
- * Allocate a dentry with name and parent, and perform a parent
- * directory ->lookup on it. Returns the new dentry, or ERR_PTR
- * on error. parent->d_inode->i_mutex must be held. d_lookup must
- * have verified that no child exists while under i_mutex.
+ * This looks up the name in dcache, possibly revalidates the old dentry and
+ * allocates a new one if not found or not valid.  In the need_lookup argument
+ * returns whether i_op->lookup is necessary.
+ *
+ * dir->d_inode->i_mutex must be held
  */
-static struct dentry *d_alloc_and_lookup(struct dentry *parent,
-				struct qstr *name, struct nameidata *nd)
+static struct dentry *lookup_dcache(struct qstr *name, struct dentry *dir,
+				    struct nameidata *nd, bool *need_lookup)
 {
-	struct inode *inode = parent->d_inode;
 	struct dentry *dentry;
-	struct dentry *old;
+	int error;
 
-	/* Don't create child dentry for a dead directory. */
-	if (unlikely(IS_DEADDIR(inode)))
-		return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
+	*need_lookup = false;
+	dentry = d_lookup(dir, name);
+	if (dentry) {
+		if (d_need_lookup(dentry)) {
+			*need_lookup = true;
+		} else if (dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_OP_REVALIDATE) {
+			error = d_revalidate(dentry, nd);
+			if (unlikely(error <= 0)) {
+				if (error < 0) {
+					dput(dentry);
+					return ERR_PTR(error);
+				} else if (!d_invalidate(dentry)) {
+					dput(dentry);
+					dentry = NULL;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
 
-	dentry = d_alloc(parent, name);
-	if (unlikely(!dentry))
-		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+	if (!dentry) {
+		dentry = d_alloc(dir, name);
+		if (unlikely(!dentry))
+			return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 
-	old = inode->i_op->lookup(inode, dentry, nd);
-	if (unlikely(old)) {
-		dput(dentry);
-		dentry = old;
+		*need_lookup = true;
 	}
 	return dentry;
 }
 
 /*
- * We already have a dentry, but require a lookup to be performed on the parent
- * directory to fill in d_inode. Returns the new dentry, or ERR_PTR on error.
- * parent->d_inode->i_mutex must be held. d_lookup must have verified that no
- * child exists while under i_mutex.
+ * Call i_op->lookup on the dentry.  The dentry must be negative but may be
+ * hashed if it was pouplated with DCACHE_NEED_LOOKUP.
+ *
+ * dir->d_inode->i_mutex must be held
  */
-static struct dentry *d_inode_lookup(struct dentry *parent, struct dentry *dentry,
-				     struct nameidata *nd)
+static struct dentry *lookup_real(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
+				  struct nameidata *nd)
 {
-	struct inode *inode = parent->d_inode;
 	struct dentry *old;
 
 	/* Don't create child dentry for a dead directory. */
-	if (unlikely(IS_DEADDIR(inode))) {
+	if (unlikely(IS_DEADDIR(dir))) {
 		dput(dentry);
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
 	}
 
-	old = inode->i_op->lookup(inode, dentry, nd);
+	old = dir->i_op->lookup(dir, dentry, nd);
 	if (unlikely(old)) {
 		dput(dentry);
 		dentry = old;
@@ -1108,6 +1107,19 @@ static struct dentry *d_inode_lookup(struct dentry *parent, struct dentry *dentr
 	return dentry;
 }
 
+static struct dentry *__lookup_hash(struct qstr *name,
+		struct dentry *base, struct nameidata *nd)
+{
+	bool need_lookup;
+	struct dentry *dentry;
+
+	dentry = lookup_dcache(name, base, nd, &need_lookup);
+	if (!need_lookup)
+		return dentry;
+
+	return lookup_real(base->d_inode, dentry, nd);
+}
+
 /*
  *  It's more convoluted than I'd like it to be, but... it's still fairly
  *  small and for now I'd prefer to have fast path as straight as possible.
@@ -1129,16 +1141,31 @@ static int do_lookup(struct nameidata *nd, struct qstr *name,
 	 */
 	if (nd->flags & LOOKUP_RCU) {
 		unsigned seq;
-		*inode = nd->inode;
-		dentry = __d_lookup_rcu(parent, name, &seq, inode);
+		dentry = __d_lookup_rcu(parent, name, &seq, nd->inode);
 		if (!dentry)
 			goto unlazy;
 
-		/* Memory barrier in read_seqcount_begin of child is enough */
+		/*
+		 * This sequence count validates that the inode matches
+		 * the dentry name information from lookup.
+		 */
+		*inode = dentry->d_inode;
+		if (read_seqcount_retry(&dentry->d_seq, seq))
+			return -ECHILD;
+
+		/*
+		 * This sequence count validates that the parent had no
+		 * changes while we did the lookup of the dentry above.
+		 *
+		 * The memory barrier in read_seqcount_begin of child is
+		 *  enough, we can use __read_seqcount_retry here.
+		 */
 		if (__read_seqcount_retry(&parent->d_seq, nd->seq))
 			return -ECHILD;
 		nd->seq = seq;
 
+		if (unlikely(d_need_lookup(dentry)))
+			goto unlazy;
 		if (unlikely(dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_OP_REVALIDATE)) {
 			status = d_revalidate(dentry, nd);
 			if (unlikely(status <= 0)) {
@@ -1147,8 +1174,6 @@ static int do_lookup(struct nameidata *nd, struct qstr *name,
 				goto unlazy;
 			}
 		}
-		if (unlikely(d_need_lookup(dentry)))
-			goto unlazy;
 		path->mnt = mnt;
 		path->dentry = dentry;
 		if (unlikely(!__follow_mount_rcu(nd, path, inode)))
@@ -1163,38 +1188,14 @@ unlazy:
 		dentry = __d_lookup(parent, name);
 	}
 
-	if (dentry && unlikely(d_need_lookup(dentry))) {
+	if (unlikely(!dentry))
+		goto need_lookup;
+
+	if (unlikely(d_need_lookup(dentry))) {
 		dput(dentry);
-		dentry = NULL;
-	}
-retry:
-	if (unlikely(!dentry)) {
-		struct inode *dir = parent->d_inode;
-		BUG_ON(nd->inode != dir);
-
-		mutex_lock(&dir->i_mutex);
-		dentry = d_lookup(parent, name);
-		if (likely(!dentry)) {
-			dentry = d_alloc_and_lookup(parent, name, nd);
-			if (IS_ERR(dentry)) {
-				mutex_unlock(&dir->i_mutex);
-				return PTR_ERR(dentry);
-			}
-			/* known good */
-			need_reval = 0;
-			status = 1;
-		} else if (unlikely(d_need_lookup(dentry))) {
-			dentry = d_inode_lookup(parent, dentry, nd);
-			if (IS_ERR(dentry)) {
-				mutex_unlock(&dir->i_mutex);
-				return PTR_ERR(dentry);
-			}
-			/* known good */
-			need_reval = 0;
-			status = 1;
-		}
-		mutex_unlock(&dir->i_mutex);
+		goto need_lookup;
 	}
+
 	if (unlikely(dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_OP_REVALIDATE) && need_reval)
 		status = d_revalidate(dentry, nd);
 	if (unlikely(status <= 0)) {
@@ -1204,12 +1205,10 @@ retry:
 		}
 		if (!d_invalidate(dentry)) {
 			dput(dentry);
-			dentry = NULL;
-			need_reval = 1;
-			goto retry;
+			goto need_lookup;
 		}
 	}
-
+done:
 	path->mnt = mnt;
 	path->dentry = dentry;
 	err = follow_managed(path, nd->flags);
@@ -1221,6 +1220,16 @@ retry:
 		nd->flags |= LOOKUP_JUMPED;
 	*inode = path->dentry->d_inode;
 	return 0;
+
+need_lookup:
+	BUG_ON(nd->inode != parent->d_inode);
+
+	mutex_lock(&parent->d_inode->i_mutex);
+	dentry = __lookup_hash(name, parent, nd);
+	mutex_unlock(&parent->d_inode->i_mutex);
+	if (IS_ERR(dentry))
+		return PTR_ERR(dentry);
+	goto done;
 }
 
 static inline int may_lookup(struct nameidata *nd)
@@ -1374,6 +1383,100 @@ static inline int can_lookup(struct inode *inode)
 	return 1;
 }
 
+/*
+ * We can do the critical dentry name comparison and hashing
+ * operations one word at a time, but we are limited to:
+ *
+ * - Architectures with fast unaligned word accesses. We could
+ *   do a "get_unaligned()" if this helps and is sufficiently
+ *   fast.
+ *
+ * - Little-endian machines (so that we can generate the mask
+ *   of low bytes efficiently). Again, we *could* do a byte
+ *   swapping load on big-endian architectures if that is not
+ *   expensive enough to make the optimization worthless.
+ *
+ * - non-CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC configurations (so that we
+ *   do not trap on the (extremely unlikely) case of a page
+ *   crossing operation.
+ *
+ * - Furthermore, we need an efficient 64-bit compile for the
+ *   64-bit case in order to generate the "number of bytes in
+ *   the final mask". Again, that could be replaced with a
+ *   efficient population count instruction or similar.
+ */
+#ifdef CONFIG_DCACHE_WORD_ACCESS
+
+#include <asm/word-at-a-time.h>
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
+
+static inline unsigned int fold_hash(unsigned long hash)
+{
+	hash += hash >> (8*sizeof(int));
+	return hash;
+}
+
+#else	/* 32-bit case */
+
+#define fold_hash(x) (x)
+
+#endif
+
+unsigned int full_name_hash(const unsigned char *name, unsigned int len)
+{
+	unsigned long a, mask;
+	unsigned long hash = 0;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		a = load_unaligned_zeropad(name);
+		if (len < sizeof(unsigned long))
+			break;
+		hash += a;
+		hash *= 9;
+		name += sizeof(unsigned long);
+		len -= sizeof(unsigned long);
+		if (!len)
+			goto done;
+	}
+	mask = ~(~0ul << len*8);
+	hash += mask & a;
+done:
+	return fold_hash(hash);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(full_name_hash);
+
+/*
+ * Calculate the length and hash of the path component, and
+ * return the length of the component;
+ */
+static inline unsigned long hash_name(const char *name, unsigned int *hashp)
+{
+	unsigned long a, b, adata, bdata, mask, hash, len;
+	const struct word_at_a_time constants = WORD_AT_A_TIME_CONSTANTS;
+
+	hash = a = 0;
+	len = -sizeof(unsigned long);
+	do {
+		hash = (hash + a) * 9;
+		len += sizeof(unsigned long);
+		a = load_unaligned_zeropad(name+len);
+		b = a ^ REPEAT_BYTE('/');
+	} while (!(has_zero(a, &adata, &constants) | has_zero(b, &bdata, &constants)));
+
+	adata = prep_zero_mask(a, adata, &constants);
+	bdata = prep_zero_mask(b, bdata, &constants);
+
+	mask = create_zero_mask(adata | bdata);
+
+	hash += a & zero_bytemask(mask);
+	*hashp = fold_hash(hash);
+
+	return len + find_zero(mask);
+}
+
+#else
+
 unsigned int full_name_hash(const unsigned char *name, unsigned int len)
 {
 	unsigned long hash = init_name_hash();
@@ -1402,6 +1505,8 @@ static inline unsigned long hash_name(const char *name, unsigned int *hashp)
 	return len;
 }
 
+#endif
+
 /*
  * Name resolution.
  * This is the basic name resolution function, turning a pathname into
@@ -1723,59 +1828,6 @@ int vfs_path_lookup(struct dentry *dentry, struct vfsmount *mnt,
 	return err;
 }
 
-static struct dentry *__lookup_hash(struct qstr *name,
-		struct dentry *base, struct nameidata *nd)
-{
-	struct inode *inode = base->d_inode;
-	struct dentry *dentry;
-	int err;
-
-	err = inode_permission(inode, MAY_EXEC);
-	if (err)
-		return ERR_PTR(err);
-
-	/*
-	 * Don't bother with __d_lookup: callers are for creat as
-	 * well as unlink, so a lot of the time it would cost
-	 * a double lookup.
-	 */
-	dentry = d_lookup(base, name);
-
-	if (dentry && d_need_lookup(dentry)) {
-		/*
-		 * __lookup_hash is called with the parent dir's i_mutex already
-		 * held, so we are good to go here.
-		 */
-		dentry = d_inode_lookup(base, dentry, nd);
-		if (IS_ERR(dentry))
-			return dentry;
-	}
-
-	if (dentry && (dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_OP_REVALIDATE)) {
-		int status = d_revalidate(dentry, nd);
-		if (unlikely(status <= 0)) {
-			/*
-			 * The dentry failed validation.
-			 * If d_revalidate returned 0 attempt to invalidate
-			 * the dentry otherwise d_revalidate is asking us
-			 * to return a fail status.
-			 */
-			if (status < 0) {
-				dput(dentry);
-				return ERR_PTR(status);
-			} else if (!d_invalidate(dentry)) {
-				dput(dentry);
-				dentry = NULL;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (!dentry)
-		dentry = d_alloc_and_lookup(base, name, nd);
-
-	return dentry;
-}
-
 /*
  * Restricted form of lookup. Doesn't follow links, single-component only,
  * needs parent already locked. Doesn't follow mounts.
@@ -1801,6 +1853,7 @@ struct dentry *lookup_one_len(const char *name, struct dentry *base, int len)
 {
 	struct qstr this;
 	unsigned int c;
+	int err;
 
 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!mutex_is_locked(&base->d_inode->i_mutex));
 
@@ -1825,6 +1878,10 @@ struct dentry *lookup_one_len(const char *name, struct dentry *base, int len)
 			return ERR_PTR(err);
 	}
 
+	err = inode_permission(base->d_inode, MAY_EXEC);
+	if (err)
+		return ERR_PTR(err);
+
 	return __lookup_hash(&this, base, NULL);
 }
 
@@ -1849,7 +1906,7 @@ int user_path_at_empty(int dfd, const char __user *name, unsigned flags,
 int user_path_at(int dfd, const char __user *name, unsigned flags,
 		 struct path *path)
 {
-	return user_path_at_empty(dfd, name, flags, path, 0);
+	return user_path_at_empty(dfd, name, flags, path, NULL);
 }
 
 static int user_path_parent(int dfd, const char __user *path,
@@ -1876,19 +1933,15 @@ static int user_path_parent(int dfd, const char __user *path,
  */
 static inline int check_sticky(struct inode *dir, struct inode *inode)
 {
-	uid_t fsuid = current_fsuid();
+	kuid_t fsuid = current_fsuid();
 
 	if (!(dir->i_mode & S_ISVTX))
 		return 0;
-	if (current_user_ns() != inode_userns(inode))
-		goto other_userns;
-	if (inode->i_uid == fsuid)
+	if (uid_eq(inode->i_uid, fsuid))
 		return 0;
-	if (dir->i_uid == fsuid)
+	if (uid_eq(dir->i_uid, fsuid))
 		return 0;
-
-other_userns:
-	return !ns_capable(inode_userns(inode), CAP_FOWNER);
+	return !inode_capable(inode, CAP_FOWNER);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2476,8 +2529,7 @@ int vfs_mknod(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode, dev_t dev)
 	if (error)
 		return error;
 
-	if ((S_ISCHR(mode) || S_ISBLK(mode)) &&
-	    !ns_capable(inode_userns(dir), CAP_MKNOD))
+	if ((S_ISCHR(mode) || S_ISBLK(mode)) && !capable(CAP_MKNOD))
 		return -EPERM;
 
 	if (!dir->i_op->mknod)
@@ -2569,6 +2621,7 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE3(mknod, const char __user *, filename, umode_t, mode, unsigned, d
 int vfs_mkdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode)
 {
 	int error = may_create(dir, dentry);
+	unsigned max_links = dir->i_sb->s_max_links;
 
 	if (error)
 		return error;
@@ -2581,6 +2634,9 @@ int vfs_mkdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode)
 	if (error)
 		return error;
 
+	if (max_links && dir->i_nlink >= max_links)
+		return -EMLINK;
+
 	error = dir->i_op->mkdir(dir, dentry, mode);
 	if (!error)
 		fsnotify_mkdir(dir, dentry);
@@ -2622,7 +2678,7 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE2(mkdir, const char __user *, pathname, umode_t, mode)
 
 /*
  * The dentry_unhash() helper will try to drop the dentry early: we
- * should have a usage count of 2 if we're the only user of this
+ * should have a usage count of 1 if we're the only user of this
  * dentry, and if that is true (possibly after pruning the dcache),
  * then we drop the dentry now.
  *
@@ -2911,6 +2967,7 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE2(symlink, const char __user *, oldname, const char __user *, newn
 int vfs_link(struct dentry *old_dentry, struct inode *dir, struct dentry *new_dentry)
 {
 	struct inode *inode = old_dentry->d_inode;
+	unsigned max_links = dir->i_sb->s_max_links;
 	int error;
 
 	if (!inode)
@@ -2941,6 +2998,8 @@ int vfs_link(struct dentry *old_dentry, struct inode *dir, struct dentry *new_de
 	/* Make sure we don't allow creating hardlink to an unlinked file */
 	if (inode->i_nlink == 0)
 		error =  -ENOENT;
+	else if (max_links && inode->i_nlink >= max_links)
+		error = -EMLINK;
 	else
 		error = dir->i_op->link(old_dentry, dir, new_dentry);
 	mutex_unlock(&inode->i_mutex);
@@ -3050,6 +3109,7 @@ static int vfs_rename_dir(struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
 {
 	int error = 0;
 	struct inode *target = new_dentry->d_inode;
+	unsigned max_links = new_dir->i_sb->s_max_links;
 
 	/*
 	 * If we are going to change the parent - check write permissions,
@@ -3073,6 +3133,11 @@ static int vfs_rename_dir(struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
 	if (d_mountpoint(old_dentry) || d_mountpoint(new_dentry))
 		goto out;
 
+	error = -EMLINK;
+	if (max_links && !target && new_dir != old_dir &&
+	    new_dir->i_nlink >= max_links)
+		goto out;
+
 	if (target)
 		shrink_dcache_parent(new_dentry);
 	error = old_dir->i_op->rename(old_dir, old_dentry, new_dir, new_dentry);
@@ -3371,9 +3436,9 @@ retry:
 	if (err)
 		goto fail;
 
-	kaddr = kmap_atomic(page, KM_USER0);
+	kaddr = kmap_atomic(page);
 	memcpy(kaddr, symname, len-1);
-	kunmap_atomic(kaddr, KM_USER0);
+	kunmap_atomic(kaddr);
 
 	err = pagecache_write_end(NULL, mapping, 0, len-1, len-1,
 							page, fsdata);