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Diffstat (limited to 'drivers/mtd/nand/raw/nand_hynix.c')
-rw-r--r--drivers/mtd/nand/raw/nand_hynix.c676
1 files changed, 676 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/drivers/mtd/nand/raw/nand_hynix.c b/drivers/mtd/nand/raw/nand_hynix.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d542908a0ebb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/mtd/nand/raw/nand_hynix.c
@@ -0,0 +1,676 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 Free Electrons
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 NextThing Co
+ *
+ * Author: Boris Brezillon <boris.brezillon@free-electrons.com>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/mtd/rawnand.h>
+#include <linux/sizes.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+
+#define NAND_HYNIX_CMD_SET_PARAMS 0x36
+#define NAND_HYNIX_CMD_APPLY_PARAMS 0x16
+
+#define NAND_HYNIX_1XNM_RR_REPEAT 8
+
+/**
+ * struct hynix_read_retry - read-retry data
+ * @nregs: number of register to set when applying a new read-retry mode
+ * @regs: register offsets (NAND chip dependent)
+ * @values: array of values to set in registers. The array size is equal to
+ * (nregs * nmodes)
+ */
+struct hynix_read_retry {
+ int nregs;
+ const u8 *regs;
+ u8 values[0];
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct hynix_nand - private Hynix NAND struct
+ * @nand_technology: manufacturing process expressed in picometer
+ * @read_retry: read-retry information
+ */
+struct hynix_nand {
+ const struct hynix_read_retry *read_retry;
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct hynix_read_retry_otp - structure describing how the read-retry OTP
+ * area
+ * @nregs: number of hynix private registers to set before reading the reading
+ * the OTP area
+ * @regs: registers that should be configured
+ * @values: values that should be set in regs
+ * @page: the address to pass to the READ_PAGE command. Depends on the NAND
+ * chip
+ * @size: size of the read-retry OTP section
+ */
+struct hynix_read_retry_otp {
+ int nregs;
+ const u8 *regs;
+ const u8 *values;
+ int page;
+ int size;
+};
+
+static bool hynix_nand_has_valid_jedecid(struct nand_chip *chip)
+{
+ u8 jedecid[5] = { };
+ int ret;
+
+ ret = nand_readid_op(chip, 0x40, jedecid, sizeof(jedecid));
+ if (ret)
+ return false;
+
+ return !strncmp("JEDEC", jedecid, sizeof(jedecid));
+}
+
+static int hynix_nand_cmd_op(struct nand_chip *chip, u8 cmd)
+{
+ struct mtd_info *mtd = nand_to_mtd(chip);
+
+ if (chip->exec_op) {
+ struct nand_op_instr instrs[] = {
+ NAND_OP_CMD(cmd, 0),
+ };
+ struct nand_operation op = NAND_OPERATION(instrs);
+
+ return nand_exec_op(chip, &op);
+ }
+
+ chip->cmdfunc(mtd, cmd, -1, -1);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int hynix_nand_reg_write_op(struct nand_chip *chip, u8 addr, u8 val)
+{
+ struct mtd_info *mtd = nand_to_mtd(chip);
+ u16 column = ((u16)addr << 8) | addr;
+
+ chip->cmdfunc(mtd, NAND_CMD_NONE, column, -1);
+ chip->write_byte(mtd, val);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int hynix_nand_setup_read_retry(struct mtd_info *mtd, int retry_mode)
+{
+ struct nand_chip *chip = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
+ struct hynix_nand *hynix = nand_get_manufacturer_data(chip);
+ const u8 *values;
+ int i, ret;
+
+ values = hynix->read_retry->values +
+ (retry_mode * hynix->read_retry->nregs);
+
+ /* Enter 'Set Hynix Parameters' mode */
+ ret = hynix_nand_cmd_op(chip, NAND_HYNIX_CMD_SET_PARAMS);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ /*
+ * Configure the NAND in the requested read-retry mode.
+ * This is done by setting pre-defined values in internal NAND
+ * registers.
+ *
+ * The set of registers is NAND specific, and the values are either
+ * predefined or extracted from an OTP area on the NAND (values are
+ * probably tweaked at production in this case).
+ */
+ for (i = 0; i < hynix->read_retry->nregs; i++) {
+ ret = hynix_nand_reg_write_op(chip, hynix->read_retry->regs[i],
+ values[i]);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ /* Apply the new settings. */
+ return hynix_nand_cmd_op(chip, NAND_HYNIX_CMD_APPLY_PARAMS);
+}
+
+/**
+ * hynix_get_majority - get the value that is occurring the most in a given
+ * set of values
+ * @in: the array of values to test
+ * @repeat: the size of the in array
+ * @out: pointer used to store the output value
+ *
+ * This function implements the 'majority check' logic that is supposed to
+ * overcome the unreliability of MLC NANDs when reading the OTP area storing
+ * the read-retry parameters.
+ *
+ * It's based on a pretty simple assumption: if we repeat the same value
+ * several times and then take the one that is occurring the most, we should
+ * find the correct value.
+ * Let's hope this dummy algorithm prevents us from losing the read-retry
+ * parameters.
+ */
+static int hynix_get_majority(const u8 *in, int repeat, u8 *out)
+{
+ int i, j, half = repeat / 2;
+
+ /*
+ * We only test the first half of the in array because we must ensure
+ * that the value is at least occurring repeat / 2 times.
+ *
+ * This loop is suboptimal since we may count the occurrences of the
+ * same value several time, but we are doing that on small sets, which
+ * makes it acceptable.
+ */
+ for (i = 0; i < half; i++) {
+ int cnt = 0;
+ u8 val = in[i];
+
+ /* Count all values that are matching the one at index i. */
+ for (j = i + 1; j < repeat; j++) {
+ if (in[j] == val)
+ cnt++;
+ }
+
+ /* We found a value occurring more than repeat / 2. */
+ if (cnt > half) {
+ *out = val;
+ return 0;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return -EIO;
+}
+
+static int hynix_read_rr_otp(struct nand_chip *chip,
+ const struct hynix_read_retry_otp *info,
+ void *buf)
+{
+ int i, ret;
+
+ ret = nand_reset_op(chip);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ ret = hynix_nand_cmd_op(chip, NAND_HYNIX_CMD_SET_PARAMS);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < info->nregs; i++) {
+ ret = hynix_nand_reg_write_op(chip, info->regs[i],
+ info->values[i]);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ ret = hynix_nand_cmd_op(chip, NAND_HYNIX_CMD_APPLY_PARAMS);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ /* Sequence to enter OTP mode? */
+ ret = hynix_nand_cmd_op(chip, 0x17);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ ret = hynix_nand_cmd_op(chip, 0x4);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ ret = hynix_nand_cmd_op(chip, 0x19);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ /* Now read the page */
+ ret = nand_read_page_op(chip, info->page, 0, buf, info->size);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ /* Put everything back to normal */
+ ret = nand_reset_op(chip);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ ret = hynix_nand_cmd_op(chip, NAND_HYNIX_CMD_SET_PARAMS);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ ret = hynix_nand_reg_write_op(chip, 0x38, 0);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ ret = hynix_nand_cmd_op(chip, NAND_HYNIX_CMD_APPLY_PARAMS);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ return nand_read_page_op(chip, 0, 0, NULL, 0);
+}
+
+#define NAND_HYNIX_1XNM_RR_COUNT_OFFS 0
+#define NAND_HYNIX_1XNM_RR_REG_COUNT_OFFS 8
+#define NAND_HYNIX_1XNM_RR_SET_OFFS(x, setsize, inv) \
+ (16 + ((((x) * 2) + ((inv) ? 1 : 0)) * (setsize)))
+
+static int hynix_mlc_1xnm_rr_value(const u8 *buf, int nmodes, int nregs,
+ int mode, int reg, bool inv, u8 *val)
+{
+ u8 tmp[NAND_HYNIX_1XNM_RR_REPEAT];
+ int val_offs = (mode * nregs) + reg;
+ int set_size = nmodes * nregs;
+ int i, ret;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < NAND_HYNIX_1XNM_RR_REPEAT; i++) {
+ int set_offs = NAND_HYNIX_1XNM_RR_SET_OFFS(i, set_size, inv);
+
+ tmp[i] = buf[val_offs + set_offs];
+ }
+
+ ret = hynix_get_majority(tmp, NAND_HYNIX_1XNM_RR_REPEAT, val);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ if (inv)
+ *val = ~*val;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static u8 hynix_1xnm_mlc_read_retry_regs[] = {
+ 0xcc, 0xbf, 0xaa, 0xab, 0xcd, 0xad, 0xae, 0xaf
+};
+
+static int hynix_mlc_1xnm_rr_init(struct nand_chip *chip,
+ const struct hynix_read_retry_otp *info)
+{
+ struct hynix_nand *hynix = nand_get_manufacturer_data(chip);
+ struct hynix_read_retry *rr = NULL;
+ int ret, i, j;
+ u8 nregs, nmodes;
+ u8 *buf;
+
+ buf = kmalloc(info->size, GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!buf)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ ret = hynix_read_rr_otp(chip, info, buf);
+ if (ret)
+ goto out;
+
+ ret = hynix_get_majority(buf, NAND_HYNIX_1XNM_RR_REPEAT,
+ &nmodes);
+ if (ret)
+ goto out;
+
+ ret = hynix_get_majority(buf + NAND_HYNIX_1XNM_RR_REPEAT,
+ NAND_HYNIX_1XNM_RR_REPEAT,
+ &nregs);
+ if (ret)
+ goto out;
+
+ rr = kzalloc(sizeof(*rr) + (nregs * nmodes), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!rr) {
+ ret = -ENOMEM;
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ for (i = 0; i < nmodes; i++) {
+ for (j = 0; j < nregs; j++) {
+ u8 *val = rr->values + (i * nregs);
+
+ ret = hynix_mlc_1xnm_rr_value(buf, nmodes, nregs, i, j,
+ false, val);
+ if (!ret)
+ continue;
+
+ ret = hynix_mlc_1xnm_rr_value(buf, nmodes, nregs, i, j,
+ true, val);
+ if (ret)
+ goto out;
+ }
+ }
+
+ rr->nregs = nregs;
+ rr->regs = hynix_1xnm_mlc_read_retry_regs;
+ hynix->read_retry = rr;
+ chip->setup_read_retry = hynix_nand_setup_read_retry;
+ chip->read_retries = nmodes;
+
+out:
+ kfree(buf);
+
+ if (ret)
+ kfree(rr);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static const u8 hynix_mlc_1xnm_rr_otp_regs[] = { 0x38 };
+static const u8 hynix_mlc_1xnm_rr_otp_values[] = { 0x52 };
+
+static const struct hynix_read_retry_otp hynix_mlc_1xnm_rr_otps[] = {
+ {
+ .nregs = ARRAY_SIZE(hynix_mlc_1xnm_rr_otp_regs),
+ .regs = hynix_mlc_1xnm_rr_otp_regs,
+ .values = hynix_mlc_1xnm_rr_otp_values,
+ .page = 0x21f,
+ .size = 784
+ },
+ {
+ .nregs = ARRAY_SIZE(hynix_mlc_1xnm_rr_otp_regs),
+ .regs = hynix_mlc_1xnm_rr_otp_regs,
+ .values = hynix_mlc_1xnm_rr_otp_values,
+ .page = 0x200,
+ .size = 528,
+ },
+};
+
+static int hynix_nand_rr_init(struct nand_chip *chip)
+{
+ int i, ret = 0;
+ bool valid_jedecid;
+
+ valid_jedecid = hynix_nand_has_valid_jedecid(chip);
+
+ /*
+ * We only support read-retry for 1xnm NANDs, and those NANDs all
+ * expose a valid JEDEC ID.
+ */
+ if (valid_jedecid) {
+ u8 nand_tech = chip->id.data[5] >> 4;
+
+ /* 1xnm technology */
+ if (nand_tech == 4) {
+ for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(hynix_mlc_1xnm_rr_otps);
+ i++) {
+ /*
+ * FIXME: Hynix recommend to copy the
+ * read-retry OTP area into a normal page.
+ */
+ ret = hynix_mlc_1xnm_rr_init(chip,
+ hynix_mlc_1xnm_rr_otps);
+ if (!ret)
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (ret)
+ pr_warn("failed to initialize read-retry infrastructure");
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void hynix_nand_extract_oobsize(struct nand_chip *chip,
+ bool valid_jedecid)
+{
+ struct mtd_info *mtd = nand_to_mtd(chip);
+ u8 oobsize;
+
+ oobsize = ((chip->id.data[3] >> 2) & 0x3) |
+ ((chip->id.data[3] >> 4) & 0x4);
+
+ if (valid_jedecid) {
+ switch (oobsize) {
+ case 0:
+ mtd->oobsize = 2048;
+ break;
+ case 1:
+ mtd->oobsize = 1664;
+ break;
+ case 2:
+ mtd->oobsize = 1024;
+ break;
+ case 3:
+ mtd->oobsize = 640;
+ break;
+ default:
+ /*
+ * We should never reach this case, but if that
+ * happens, this probably means Hynix decided to use
+ * a different extended ID format, and we should find
+ * a way to support it.
+ */
+ WARN(1, "Invalid OOB size");
+ break;
+ }
+ } else {
+ switch (oobsize) {
+ case 0:
+ mtd->oobsize = 128;
+ break;
+ case 1:
+ mtd->oobsize = 224;
+ break;
+ case 2:
+ mtd->oobsize = 448;
+ break;
+ case 3:
+ mtd->oobsize = 64;
+ break;
+ case 4:
+ mtd->oobsize = 32;
+ break;
+ case 5:
+ mtd->oobsize = 16;
+ break;
+ case 6:
+ mtd->oobsize = 640;
+ break;
+ default:
+ /*
+ * We should never reach this case, but if that
+ * happens, this probably means Hynix decided to use
+ * a different extended ID format, and we should find
+ * a way to support it.
+ */
+ WARN(1, "Invalid OOB size");
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+static void hynix_nand_extract_ecc_requirements(struct nand_chip *chip,
+ bool valid_jedecid)
+{
+ u8 ecc_level = (chip->id.data[4] >> 4) & 0x7;
+
+ if (valid_jedecid) {
+ /* Reference: H27UCG8T2E datasheet */
+ chip->ecc_step_ds = 1024;
+
+ switch (ecc_level) {
+ case 0:
+ chip->ecc_step_ds = 0;
+ chip->ecc_strength_ds = 0;
+ break;
+ case 1:
+ chip->ecc_strength_ds = 4;
+ break;
+ case 2:
+ chip->ecc_strength_ds = 24;
+ break;
+ case 3:
+ chip->ecc_strength_ds = 32;
+ break;
+ case 4:
+ chip->ecc_strength_ds = 40;
+ break;
+ case 5:
+ chip->ecc_strength_ds = 50;
+ break;
+ case 6:
+ chip->ecc_strength_ds = 60;
+ break;
+ default:
+ /*
+ * We should never reach this case, but if that
+ * happens, this probably means Hynix decided to use
+ * a different extended ID format, and we should find
+ * a way to support it.
+ */
+ WARN(1, "Invalid ECC requirements");
+ }
+ } else {
+ /*
+ * The ECC requirements field meaning depends on the
+ * NAND technology.
+ */
+ u8 nand_tech = chip->id.data[5] & 0x7;
+
+ if (nand_tech < 3) {
+ /* > 26nm, reference: H27UBG8T2A datasheet */
+ if (ecc_level < 5) {
+ chip->ecc_step_ds = 512;
+ chip->ecc_strength_ds = 1 << ecc_level;
+ } else if (ecc_level < 7) {
+ if (ecc_level == 5)
+ chip->ecc_step_ds = 2048;
+ else
+ chip->ecc_step_ds = 1024;
+ chip->ecc_strength_ds = 24;
+ } else {
+ /*
+ * We should never reach this case, but if that
+ * happens, this probably means Hynix decided
+ * to use a different extended ID format, and
+ * we should find a way to support it.
+ */
+ WARN(1, "Invalid ECC requirements");
+ }
+ } else {
+ /* <= 26nm, reference: H27UBG8T2B datasheet */
+ if (!ecc_level) {
+ chip->ecc_step_ds = 0;
+ chip->ecc_strength_ds = 0;
+ } else if (ecc_level < 5) {
+ chip->ecc_step_ds = 512;
+ chip->ecc_strength_ds = 1 << (ecc_level - 1);
+ } else {
+ chip->ecc_step_ds = 1024;
+ chip->ecc_strength_ds = 24 +
+ (8 * (ecc_level - 5));
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+static void hynix_nand_extract_scrambling_requirements(struct nand_chip *chip,
+ bool valid_jedecid)
+{
+ u8 nand_tech;
+
+ /* We need scrambling on all TLC NANDs*/
+ if (chip->bits_per_cell > 2)
+ chip->options |= NAND_NEED_SCRAMBLING;
+
+ /* And on MLC NANDs with sub-3xnm process */
+ if (valid_jedecid) {
+ nand_tech = chip->id.data[5] >> 4;
+
+ /* < 3xnm */
+ if (nand_tech > 0)
+ chip->options |= NAND_NEED_SCRAMBLING;
+ } else {
+ nand_tech = chip->id.data[5] & 0x7;
+
+ /* < 32nm */
+ if (nand_tech > 2)
+ chip->options |= NAND_NEED_SCRAMBLING;
+ }
+}
+
+static void hynix_nand_decode_id(struct nand_chip *chip)
+{
+ struct mtd_info *mtd = nand_to_mtd(chip);
+ bool valid_jedecid;
+ u8 tmp;
+
+ /*
+ * Exclude all SLC NANDs from this advanced detection scheme.
+ * According to the ranges defined in several datasheets, it might
+ * appear that even SLC NANDs could fall in this extended ID scheme.
+ * If that the case rework the test to let SLC NANDs go through the
+ * detection process.
+ */
+ if (chip->id.len < 6 || nand_is_slc(chip)) {
+ nand_decode_ext_id(chip);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* Extract pagesize */
+ mtd->writesize = 2048 << (chip->id.data[3] & 0x03);
+
+ tmp = (chip->id.data[3] >> 4) & 0x3;
+ /*
+ * When bit7 is set that means we start counting at 1MiB, otherwise
+ * we start counting at 128KiB and shift this value the content of
+ * ID[3][4:5].
+ * The only exception is when ID[3][4:5] == 3 and ID[3][7] == 0, in
+ * this case the erasesize is set to 768KiB.
+ */
+ if (chip->id.data[3] & 0x80)
+ mtd->erasesize = SZ_1M << tmp;
+ else if (tmp == 3)
+ mtd->erasesize = SZ_512K + SZ_256K;
+ else
+ mtd->erasesize = SZ_128K << tmp;
+
+ /*
+ * Modern Toggle DDR NANDs have a valid JEDECID even though they are
+ * not exposing a valid JEDEC parameter table.
+ * These NANDs use a different NAND ID scheme.
+ */
+ valid_jedecid = hynix_nand_has_valid_jedecid(chip);
+
+ hynix_nand_extract_oobsize(chip, valid_jedecid);
+ hynix_nand_extract_ecc_requirements(chip, valid_jedecid);
+ hynix_nand_extract_scrambling_requirements(chip, valid_jedecid);
+}
+
+static void hynix_nand_cleanup(struct nand_chip *chip)
+{
+ struct hynix_nand *hynix = nand_get_manufacturer_data(chip);
+
+ if (!hynix)
+ return;
+
+ kfree(hynix->read_retry);
+ kfree(hynix);
+ nand_set_manufacturer_data(chip, NULL);
+}
+
+static int hynix_nand_init(struct nand_chip *chip)
+{
+ struct hynix_nand *hynix;
+ int ret;
+
+ if (!nand_is_slc(chip))
+ chip->bbt_options |= NAND_BBT_SCANLASTPAGE;
+ else
+ chip->bbt_options |= NAND_BBT_SCAN2NDPAGE;
+
+ hynix = kzalloc(sizeof(*hynix), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!hynix)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ nand_set_manufacturer_data(chip, hynix);
+
+ ret = hynix_nand_rr_init(chip);
+ if (ret)
+ hynix_nand_cleanup(chip);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+const struct nand_manufacturer_ops hynix_nand_manuf_ops = {
+ .detect = hynix_nand_decode_id,
+ .init = hynix_nand_init,
+ .cleanup = hynix_nand_cleanup,
+};
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