mm/gup: reject FOLL_SPLIT_PMD with hugetlb VMAs

commit 8977752c8056a6a094a279004a49722da15bace3 upstream.

Patch series "mm: fixes for device-exclusive entries (hmm)", v2.

Discussing the PageTail() call in make_device_exclusive_range() with
Willy, I recently discovered [1] that device-exclusive handling does not
properly work with THP, making the hmm-tests selftests fail if THPs are
enabled on the system.

Looking into more details, I found that hugetlb is not properly fenced,
and I realized that something that was bugging me for longer -- how
device-exclusive entries interact with mapcounts -- completely breaks
migration/swapout/split/hwpoison handling of these folios while they have
device-exclusive PTEs.

The program below can be used to allocate 1 GiB worth of pages and making
them device-exclusive on a kernel with CONFIG_TEST_HMM.

Once they are device-exclusive, these folios cannot get swapped out
(proc$pid/smaps_rollup will always indicate 1 GiB RSS no matter how much
one forces memory reclaim), and when having a memory block onlined to
ZONE_MOVABLE, trying to offline it will loop forever and complain about
failed migration of a page that should be movable.

# echo offline > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory136/state
# echo online_movable > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory136/state
# ./hmm-swap &
... wait until everything is device-exclusive
# echo offline > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory136/state
[  285.193431][T14882] page: refcount:2 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000
  index:0x7f20671f7 pfn:0x442b6a
[  285.196618][T14882] memcg:ffff888179298000
[  285.198085][T14882] anon flags: 0x5fff0000002091c(referenced|uptodate|
  dirty|active|owner_2|swapbacked|node=1|zone=3|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
[  285.201734][T14882] raw: ...
[  285.204464][T14882] raw: ...
[  285.207196][T14882] page dumped because: migration failure
[  285.209072][T14882] page_owner tracks the page as allocated
[  285.210915][T14882] page last allocated via order 0, migratetype
  Movable, gfp_mask 0x140dca(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE|__GFP_COMP|__GFP_ZERO),
  id 14926, tgid 14926 (hmm-swap), ts 254506295376, free_ts 227402023774
[  285.216765][T14882]  post_alloc_hook+0x197/0x1b0
[  285.218874][T14882]  get_page_from_freelist+0x76e/0x3280
[  285.220864][T14882]  __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x38e/0x2740
[  285.223302][T14882]  alloc_pages_mpol+0x1fc/0x540
[  285.225130][T14882]  folio_alloc_mpol_noprof+0x36/0x340
[  285.227222][T14882]  vma_alloc_folio_noprof+0xee/0x1a0
[  285.229074][T14882]  __handle_mm_fault+0x2b38/0x56a0
[  285.230822][T14882]  handle_mm_fault+0x368/0x9f0
...

This series fixes all issues I found so far.  There is no easy way to fix
without a bigger rework/cleanup.  I have a bunch of cleanups on top (some
previous sent, some the result of the discussion in v1) that I will send
out separately once this landed and I get to it.

I wish we could just use some special present PROT_NONE PTEs instead of
these (non-present, non-none) fake-swap entries; but that just results in
the same problem we keep having (lack of spare PTE bits), and staring at
other similar fake-swap entries, that ship has sailed.

With this series, make_device_exclusive() doesn't actually belong into
mm/rmap.c anymore, but I'll leave moving that for another day.

I only tested this series with the hmm-tests selftests due to lack of HW,
so I'd appreciate some testing, especially if the interaction between two
GPUs wanting a device-exclusive entry works as expected.

<program>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/ioctl.h>

#define HMM_DMIRROR_EXCLUSIVE _IOWR('H', 0x05, struct hmm_dmirror_cmd)

struct hmm_dmirror_cmd {
	__u64 addr;
	__u64 ptr;
	__u64 npages;
	__u64 cpages;
	__u64 faults;
};

const size_t size = 1 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024ul;
const size_t chunk_size = 2 * 1024 * 1024ul;

int main(void)
{
	struct hmm_dmirror_cmd cmd;
	size_t cur_size;
	int fd, ret;
	char *addr, *mirror;

	fd = open("/dev/hmm_dmirror1", O_RDWR, 0);
	if (fd < 0) {
		perror("open failed\n");
		exit(1);
	}

	addr = mmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
		    MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
	if (addr == MAP_FAILED) {
		perror("mmap failed\n");
		exit(1);
	}
	madvise(addr, size, MADV_NOHUGEPAGE);
	memset(addr, 1, size);

	mirror = malloc(chunk_size);

	for (cur_size = 0; cur_size < size; cur_size += chunk_size) {
		cmd.addr = (uintptr_t)addr + cur_size;
		cmd.ptr = (uintptr_t)mirror;
		cmd.npages = chunk_size / getpagesize();
		ret = ioctl(fd, HMM_DMIRROR_EXCLUSIVE, &cmd);
		if (ret) {
			perror("ioctl failed\n");
			exit(1);
		}
	}
	pause();
	return 0;
}
</program>

[1] https://lkml.kernel.org/r/25e02685-4f1d-47fa-be5b-01ff85bb0ce2@redhat.com


This patch (of 17):

We only have two FOLL_SPLIT_PMD users.  While uprobe refuses hugetlb
early, make_device_exclusive_range() can end up getting called on hugetlb
VMAs.

Right now, this means that with a PMD-sized hugetlb page, we can end up
calling split_huge_pmd(), because pmd_trans_huge() also succeeds with
hugetlb PMDs.

For example, using a modified hmm-test selftest one can trigger:

[  207.017134][T14945] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[  207.018614][T14945] kernel BUG at mm/page_table_check.c:87!
[  207.019716][T14945] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN NOPTI
[  207.021072][T14945] CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: ...
[  207.023036][T14945] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-2.fc40 04/01/2014
[  207.024834][T14945] RIP: 0010:page_table_check_clear.part.0+0x488/0x510
[  207.026128][T14945] Code: ...
[  207.029965][T14945] RSP: 0018:ffffc9000cb8f348 EFLAGS: 00010293
[  207.031139][T14945] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 00000000ffffffff RCX: ffffffff8249a0cd
[  207.032649][T14945] RDX: ffff88811e883c80 RSI: ffffffff8249a357 RDI: ffff88811e883c80
[  207.034183][T14945] RBP: ffff888105c0a050 R08: 0000000000000005 R09: 0000000000000000
[  207.035688][T14945] R10: 00000000ffffffff R11: 0000000000000003 R12: 0000000000000001
[  207.037203][T14945] R13: 0000000000000200 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: dffffc0000000000
[  207.038711][T14945] FS:  00007f2783275740(0000) GS:ffff8881f4980000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[  207.040407][T14945] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[  207.041660][T14945] CR2: 00007f2782c00000 CR3: 0000000132356000 CR4: 0000000000750ef0
[  207.043196][T14945] PKRU: 55555554
[  207.043880][T14945] Call Trace:
[  207.044506][T14945]  <TASK>
[  207.045086][T14945]  ? __die+0x51/0x92
[  207.045864][T14945]  ? die+0x29/0x50
[  207.046596][T14945]  ? do_trap+0x250/0x320
[  207.047430][T14945]  ? do_error_trap+0xe7/0x220
[  207.048346][T14945]  ? page_table_check_clear.part.0+0x488/0x510
[  207.049535][T14945]  ? handle_invalid_op+0x34/0x40
[  207.050494][T14945]  ? page_table_check_clear.part.0+0x488/0x510
[  207.051681][T14945]  ? exc_invalid_op+0x2e/0x50
[  207.052589][T14945]  ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1a/0x20
[  207.053596][T14945]  ? page_table_check_clear.part.0+0x1fd/0x510
[  207.054790][T14945]  ? page_table_check_clear.part.0+0x487/0x510
[  207.055993][T14945]  ? page_table_check_clear.part.0+0x488/0x510
[  207.057195][T14945]  ? page_table_check_clear.part.0+0x487/0x510
[  207.058384][T14945]  __page_table_check_pmd_clear+0x34b/0x5a0
[  207.059524][T14945]  ? __pfx___page_table_check_pmd_clear+0x10/0x10
[  207.060775][T14945]  ? __pfx___mutex_unlock_slowpath+0x10/0x10
[  207.061940][T14945]  ? __pfx___lock_acquire+0x10/0x10
[  207.062967][T14945]  pmdp_huge_clear_flush+0x279/0x360
[  207.064024][T14945]  split_huge_pmd_locked+0x82b/0x3750
...

Before commit 9cb28da54643 ("mm/gup: handle hugetlb in the generic
follow_page_mask code"), we would have ignored the flag; instead, let's
simply refuse the combination completely in check_vma_flags(): the caller
is likely not prepared to handle any hugetlb folios.

We'll teach make_device_exclusive_range() separately to ignore any hugetlb
folios as a future-proof safety net.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20250210193801.781278-1-david@redhat.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20250210193801.781278-2-david@redhat.com
Fixes: 9cb28da54643 ("mm/gup: handle hugetlb in the generic follow_page_mask code")
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com>
Tested-by: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com>
Cc: Alex Shi <alexs@kernel.org>
Cc: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org>
Cc: Dave Airlie <airlied@gmail.com>
Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Karol Herbst <kherbst@redhat.com>
Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com>
Cc: Lyude <lyude@redhat.com>
Cc: "Masami Hiramatsu (Google)" <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Yanteng Si <si.yanteng@linux.dev>
Cc: Simona Vetter <simona.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Cc: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

0 files changed, 0 insertions, 0 deletions