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authorAndy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>2018-09-04 01:59:44 +0300
committerThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>2018-09-12 22:33:53 +0300
commitbf904d2762ee6fc1e4acfcb0772bbfb4a27ad8a6 (patch)
tree8a43d0f4e5890db282480c8b275f7d950dd73f67 /arch/x86/entry
parent98f05b5138f0a9b56022295cc1387e635b25635d (diff)
downloadlinux-bf904d2762ee6fc1e4acfcb0772bbfb4a27ad8a6.tar.xz
x86/pti/64: Remove the SYSCALL64 entry trampoline
The SYSCALL64 trampoline has a couple of nice properties: - The usual sequence of SWAPGS followed by two GS-relative accesses to set up RSP is somewhat slow because the GS-relative accesses need to wait for SWAPGS to finish. The trampoline approach allows RIP-relative accesses to set up RSP, which avoids the stall. - The trampoline avoids any percpu access before CR3 is set up, which means that no percpu memory needs to be mapped in the user page tables. This prevents using Meltdown to read any percpu memory outside the cpu_entry_area and prevents using timing leaks to directly locate the percpu areas. The downsides of using a trampoline may outweigh the upsides, however. It adds an extra non-contiguous I$ cache line to system calls, and it forces an indirect jump to transfer control back to the normal kernel text after CR3 is set up. The latter is because x86 lacks a 64-bit direct jump instruction that could jump from the trampoline to the entry text. With retpolines enabled, the indirect jump is extremely slow. Change the code to map the percpu TSS into the user page tables to allow the non-trampoline SYSCALL64 path to work under PTI. This does not add a new direct information leak, since the TSS is readable by Meltdown from the cpu_entry_area alias regardless. It does allow a timing attack to locate the percpu area, but KASLR is more or less a lost cause against local attack on CPUs vulnerable to Meltdown regardless. As far as I'm concerned, on current hardware, KASLR is only useful to mitigate remote attacks that try to attack the kernel without first gaining RCE against a vulnerable user process. On Skylake, with CONFIG_RETPOLINE=y and KPTI on, this reduces syscall overhead from ~237ns to ~228ns. There is a possible alternative approach: Move the trampoline within 2G of the entry text and make a separate copy for each CPU. This would allow a direct jump to rejoin the normal entry path. There are pro's and con's for this approach: + It avoids a pipeline stall - It executes from an extra page and read from another extra page during the syscall. The latter is because it needs to use a relative addressing mode to find sp1 -- it's the same *cacheline*, but accessed using an alias, so it's an extra TLB entry. - Slightly more memory. This would be one page per CPU for a simple implementation and 64-ish bytes per CPU or one page per node for a more complex implementation. - More code complexity. The current approach is chosen for simplicity and because the alternative does not provide a significant benefit, which makes it worth. [ tglx: Added the alternative discussion to the changelog ] Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Reviewed-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com> Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com> Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/8c7c6e483612c3e4e10ca89495dc160b1aa66878.1536015544.git.luto@kernel.org
Diffstat (limited to 'arch/x86/entry')
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S69
1 files changed, 2 insertions, 67 deletions
diff --git a/arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S b/arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S
index 7e82e553183a..0d728142467f 100644
--- a/arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S
+++ b/arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S
@@ -142,67 +142,6 @@ END(native_usergs_sysret64)
* with them due to bugs in both AMD and Intel CPUs.
*/
- .pushsection .entry_trampoline, "ax"
-
-/*
- * The code in here gets remapped into cpu_entry_area's trampoline. This means
- * that the assembler and linker have the wrong idea as to where this code
- * lives (and, in fact, it's mapped more than once, so it's not even at a
- * fixed address). So we can't reference any symbols outside the entry
- * trampoline and expect it to work.
- *
- * Instead, we carefully abuse %rip-relative addressing.
- * _entry_trampoline(%rip) refers to the start of the remapped) entry
- * trampoline. We can thus find cpu_entry_area with this macro:
- */
-
-#define CPU_ENTRY_AREA \
- _entry_trampoline - CPU_ENTRY_AREA_entry_trampoline(%rip)
-
-/* The top word of the SYSENTER stack is hot and is usable as scratch space. */
-#define RSP_SCRATCH CPU_ENTRY_AREA_entry_stack + \
- SIZEOF_entry_stack - 8 + CPU_ENTRY_AREA
-
-ENTRY(entry_SYSCALL_64_trampoline)
- UNWIND_HINT_EMPTY
- swapgs
-
- /* Stash the user RSP. */
- movq %rsp, RSP_SCRATCH
-
- /* Note: using %rsp as a scratch reg. */
- SWITCH_TO_KERNEL_CR3 scratch_reg=%rsp
-
- /* Load the top of the task stack into RSP */
- movq CPU_ENTRY_AREA_tss + TSS_sp1 + CPU_ENTRY_AREA, %rsp
-
- /* Start building the simulated IRET frame. */
- pushq $__USER_DS /* pt_regs->ss */
- pushq RSP_SCRATCH /* pt_regs->sp */
- pushq %r11 /* pt_regs->flags */
- pushq $__USER_CS /* pt_regs->cs */
- pushq %rcx /* pt_regs->ip */
-
- /*
- * x86 lacks a near absolute jump, and we can't jump to the real
- * entry text with a relative jump. We could push the target
- * address and then use retq, but this destroys the pipeline on
- * many CPUs (wasting over 20 cycles on Sandy Bridge). Instead,
- * spill RDI and restore it in a second-stage trampoline.
- */
- pushq %rdi
- movq $entry_SYSCALL_64_stage2, %rdi
- JMP_NOSPEC %rdi
-END(entry_SYSCALL_64_trampoline)
-
- .popsection
-
-ENTRY(entry_SYSCALL_64_stage2)
- UNWIND_HINT_EMPTY
- popq %rdi
- jmp entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe
-END(entry_SYSCALL_64_stage2)
-
ENTRY(entry_SYSCALL_64)
UNWIND_HINT_EMPTY
/*
@@ -212,13 +151,9 @@ ENTRY(entry_SYSCALL_64)
*/
swapgs
- /*
- * This path is only taken when PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION is disabled so it
- * is not required to switch CR3.
- *
- * tss.sp2 is scratch space.
- */
+ /* tss.sp2 is scratch space. */
movq %rsp, PER_CPU_VAR(cpu_tss_rw + TSS_sp2)
+ SWITCH_TO_KERNEL_CR3 scratch_reg=%rsp
movq PER_CPU_VAR(cpu_current_top_of_stack), %rsp
/* Construct struct pt_regs on stack */