Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew)

Merge updates from Andrew Morton:

 - A few misc subsystems: kthread, scripts, ntfs, ocfs2, block, and vfs

 - Most the MM patches which precede the patches in Willy's tree: kasan,
   pagecache, gup, swap, shmem, memcg, selftests, pagemap, mremap,
   sparsemem, vmalloc, pagealloc, memory-failure, mlock, hugetlb,
   userfaultfd, vmscan, compaction, mempolicy, oom-kill, migration, thp,
   cma, autonuma, psi, ksm, page-poison, madvise, memory-hotplug, rmap,
   zswap, uaccess, ioremap, highmem, cleanups, kfence, hmm, and damon.

* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (227 commits)
  mm/damon/sysfs: remove repeat container_of() in damon_sysfs_kdamond_release()
  Docs/ABI/testing: add DAMON sysfs interface ABI document
  Docs/admin-guide/mm/damon/usage: document DAMON sysfs interface
  selftests/damon: add a test for DAMON sysfs interface
  mm/damon/sysfs: support DAMOS stats
  mm/damon/sysfs: support DAMOS watermarks
  mm/damon/sysfs: support schemes prioritization
  mm/damon/sysfs: support DAMOS quotas
  mm/damon/sysfs: support DAMON-based Operation Schemes
  mm/damon/sysfs: support the physical address space monitoring
  mm/damon/sysfs: link DAMON for virtual address spaces monitoring
  mm/damon: implement a minimal stub for sysfs-based DAMON interface
  mm/damon/core: add number of each enum type values
  mm/damon/core: allow non-exclusive DAMON start/stop
  Docs/damon: update outdated term 'regions update interval'
  Docs/vm/damon/design: update DAMON-Idle Page Tracking interference handling
  Docs/vm/damon: call low level monitoring primitives the operations
  mm/damon: remove unnecessary CONFIG_DAMON option
  mm/damon/paddr,vaddr: remove damon_{p,v}a_{target_valid,set_operations}()
  mm/damon/dbgfs-test: fix is_target_id() change
  ...

13 files changed, 752 insertions, 61 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-kernel-mm-damon b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-kernel-mm-damon
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9e282065cbcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-kernel-mm-damon
@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+what:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Interface for Data Access MONitoring (DAMON).  Contains files
+		for controlling DAMON.  For more details on DAMON itself,
+		please refer to Documentation/admin-guide/mm/damon/index.rst.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Interface for privileged users of DAMON.  Contains files for
+		controlling DAMON that aimed to be used by privileged users.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/nr_kdamonds
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing a number 'N' to this file creates the number of
+		directories for controlling each DAMON worker thread (kdamond)
+		named '0' to 'N-1' under the kdamonds/ directory.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/state
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing 'on' or 'off' to this file makes the kdamond starts or
+		stops, respectively.  Reading the file returns the keywords
+		based on the current status.  Writing 'update_schemes_stats' to
+		the file updates contents of schemes stats files of the
+		kdamond.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/pid
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Reading this file returns the pid of the kdamond if it is
+		running.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/nr_contexts
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing a number 'N' to this file creates the number of
+		directories for controlling each DAMON context named '0' to
+		'N-1' under the contexts/ directory.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/operations
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing a keyword for a monitoring operations set ('vaddr' for
+		virtual address spaces monitoring, and 'paddr' for the physical
+		address space monitoring) to this file makes the context to use
+		the operations set.  Reading the file returns the keyword for
+		the operations set the context is set to use.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/monitoring_attrs/intervals/sample_us
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing a value to this file sets the sampling interval of the
+		DAMON context in microseconds as the value.  Reading this file
+		returns the value.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/monitoring_attrs/intervals/aggr_us
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing a value to this file sets the aggregation interval of
+		the DAMON context in microseconds as the value.  Reading this
+		file returns the value.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/monitoring_attrs/intervals/update_us
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing a value to this file sets the update interval of the
+		DAMON context in microseconds as the value.  Reading this file
+		returns the value.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/monitoring_attrs/nr_regions/min
+
+WDate:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing a value to this file sets the minimum number of
+		monitoring regions of the DAMON context as the value.  Reading
+		this file returns the value.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/monitoring_attrs/nr_regions/max
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing a value to this file sets the maximum number of
+		monitoring regions of the DAMON context as the value.  Reading
+		this file returns the value.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/targets/nr_targets
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing a number 'N' to this file creates the number of
+		directories for controlling each DAMON target of the context
+		named '0' to 'N-1' under the contexts/ directory.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/targets/<T>/pid_target
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the pid of
+		the target process if the context is for virtual address spaces
+		monitoring, respectively.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/targets/<T>/regions/nr_regions
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing a number 'N' to this file creates the number of
+		directories for setting each DAMON target memory region of the
+		context named '0' to 'N-1' under the regions/ directory.  In
+		case of the virtual address space monitoring, DAMON
+		automatically sets the target memory region based on the target
+		processes' mappings.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/targets/<T>/regions/<R>/start
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the start
+		address of the monitoring region.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/targets/<T>/regions/<R>/end
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the end
+		address of the monitoring region.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/nr_schemes
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing a number 'N' to this file creates the number of
+		directories for controlling each DAMON-based operation scheme
+		of the context named '0' to 'N-1' under the schemes/ directory.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/action
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the action
+		of the scheme.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/access_pattern/sz/min
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the mimimum
+		size of the scheme's target regions in bytes.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/access_pattern/sz/max
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the maximum
+		size of the scheme's target regions in bytes.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/access_pattern/nr_accesses/min
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the manimum
+		'nr_accesses' of the scheme's target regions.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/access_pattern/nr_accesses/max
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the maximum
+		'nr_accesses' of the scheme's target regions.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/access_pattern/age/min
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the minimum
+		'age' of the scheme's target regions.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/access_pattern/age/max
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the maximum
+		'age' of the scheme's target regions.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/quotas/ms
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the time
+		quota of the scheme in milliseconds.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/quotas/bytes
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the size
+		quota of the scheme in bytes.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/quotas/reset_interval_ms
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the quotas
+		charge reset interval of the scheme in milliseconds.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/quotas/weights/sz_permil
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the
+		under-quota limit regions prioritization weight for 'size' in
+		permil.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/quotas/weights/nr_accesses_permil
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the
+		under-quota limit regions prioritization weight for
+		'nr_accesses' in permil.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/quotas/weights/age_permil
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the
+		under-quota limit regions prioritization weight for 'age' in
+		permil.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/watermarks/metric
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the metric
+		of the watermarks for the scheme.  The writable/readable
+		keywords for this file are 'none' for disabling the watermarks
+		feature, or 'free_mem_rate' for the system's global free memory
+		rate in permil.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/watermarks/interval_us
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the metric
+		check interval of the watermarks for the scheme in
+		microseconds.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/watermarks/high
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the high
+		watermark of the scheme in permil.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/watermarks/mid
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the mid
+		watermark of the scheme in permil.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/watermarks/low
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Writing to and reading from this file sets and gets the low
+		watermark of the scheme in permil.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/stats/nr_tried
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Reading this file returns the number of regions that the action
+		of the scheme has tried to be applied.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/stats/sz_tried
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Reading this file returns the total size of regions that the
+		action of the scheme has tried to be applied in bytes.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/stats/nr_applied
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Reading this file returns the number of regions that the action
+		of the scheme has successfully applied.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/stats/sz_applied
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Reading this file returns the total size of regions that the
+		action of the scheme has successfully applied in bytes.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/stats/qt_exceeds
+Date:		Mar 2022
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
+Description:	Reading this file returns the number of the exceed events of
+		the scheme's quotas.
diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v1/memory.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v1/memory.rst
index faac50149a22..2cc502a75ef6 100644
--- a/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v1/memory.rst
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v1/memory.rst
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ Brief summary of control files.
 				     threads
  cgroup.procs			     show list of processes
  cgroup.event_control		     an interface for event_fd()
+				     This knob is not available on CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT systems.
  memory.usage_in_bytes		     show current usage for memory
 				     (See 5.5 for details)
  memory.memsw.usage_in_bytes	     show current usage for memory+Swap
@@ -75,6 +76,7 @@ Brief summary of control files.
  memory.max_usage_in_bytes	     show max memory usage recorded
  memory.memsw.max_usage_in_bytes     show max memory+Swap usage recorded
  memory.soft_limit_in_bytes	     set/show soft limit of memory usage
+				     This knob is not available on CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT systems.
  memory.stat			     show various statistics
  memory.use_hierarchy		     set/show hierarchical account enabled
                                      This knob is deprecated and shouldn't be
diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst
index 5aa368d165da..69d7a6983f78 100644
--- a/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst
@@ -1301,6 +1301,11 @@ PAGE_SIZE multiple when read back.
 		Amount of memory used to cache filesystem data,
 		including tmpfs and shared memory.
 
+	  kernel (npn)
+		Amount of total kernel memory, including
+		(kernel_stack, pagetables, percpu, vmalloc, slab) in
+		addition to other kernel memory use cases.
+
 	  kernel_stack
 		Amount of memory allocated to kernel stacks.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt b/Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt
index 486023f7209a..09cdee9e3bad 100644
--- a/Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt
@@ -1649,7 +1649,7 @@
 			[KNL] Reguires CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE_FREE_VMEMMAP
 			enabled.
 			Allows heavy hugetlb users to free up some more
-			memory (6 * PAGE_SIZE for each 2MB hugetlb page).
+			memory (7 * PAGE_SIZE for each 2MB hugetlb page).
 			Format: { on | off (default) }
 
 			on:  enable the feature
diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/mm/damon/usage.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/mm/damon/usage.rst
index 59b84904a854..592ea9a50881 100644
--- a/Documentation/admin-guide/mm/damon/usage.rst
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/mm/damon/usage.rst
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 Detailed Usages
 ===============
 
-DAMON provides below three interfaces for different users.
+DAMON provides below interfaces for different users.
 
 - *DAMON user space tool.*
   `This <https://github.com/awslabs/damo>`_ is for privileged people such as
@@ -14,17 +14,21 @@ DAMON provides below three interfaces for different users.
   virtual and physical address spaces monitoring.  For more detail, please
   refer to its `usage document
   <https://github.com/awslabs/damo/blob/next/USAGE.md>`_.
-- *debugfs interface.*
-  :ref:`This <debugfs_interface>` is for privileged user space programmers who
+- *sysfs interface.*
+  :ref:`This <sysfs_interface>` is for privileged user space programmers who
   want more optimized use of DAMON.  Using this, users can use DAMON’s major
-  features by reading from and writing to special debugfs files.  Therefore,
-  you can write and use your personalized DAMON debugfs wrapper programs that
-  reads/writes the debugfs files instead of you.  The `DAMON user space tool
+  features by reading from and writing to special sysfs files.  Therefore,
+  you can write and use your personalized DAMON sysfs wrapper programs that
+  reads/writes the sysfs files instead of you.  The `DAMON user space tool
   <https://github.com/awslabs/damo>`_ is one example of such programs.  It
   supports both virtual and physical address spaces monitoring.  Note that this
   interface provides only simple :ref:`statistics <damos_stats>` for the
   monitoring results.  For detailed monitoring results, DAMON provides a
   :ref:`tracepoint <tracepoint>`.
+- *debugfs interface.*
+  :ref:`This <debugfs_interface>` is almost identical to :ref:`sysfs interface
+  <sysfs_interface>`.  This will be removed after next LTS kernel is released,
+  so users should move to the :ref:`sysfs interface <sysfs_interface>`.
 - *Kernel Space Programming Interface.*
   :doc:`This </vm/damon/api>` is for kernel space programmers.  Using this,
   users can utilize every feature of DAMON most flexibly and efficiently by
@@ -32,6 +36,340 @@ DAMON provides below three interfaces for different users.
   DAMON for various address spaces.  For detail, please refer to the interface
   :doc:`document </vm/damon/api>`.
 
+.. _sysfs_interface:
+
+sysfs Interface
+===============
+
+DAMON sysfs interface is built when ``CONFIG_DAMON_SYSFS`` is defined.  It
+creates multiple directories and files under its sysfs directory,
+``<sysfs>/kernel/mm/damon/``.  You can control DAMON by writing to and reading
+from the files under the directory.
+
+For a short example, users can monitor the virtual address space of a given
+workload as below. ::
+
+    # cd /sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/
+    # echo 1 > kdamonds/nr && echo 1 > kdamonds/0/contexts/nr
+    # echo vaddr > kdamonds/0/contexts/0/operations
+    # echo 1 > kdamonds/0/contexts/0/targets/nr
+    # echo $(pidof <workload>) > kdamonds/0/contexts/0/targets/0/pid
+    # echo on > kdamonds/0/state
+
+Files Hierarchy
+---------------
+
+The files hierarchy of DAMON sysfs interface is shown below.  In the below
+figure, parents-children relations are represented with indentations, each
+directory is having ``/`` suffix, and files in each directory are separated by
+comma (","). ::
+
+    /sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin
+    │ kdamonds/nr_kdamonds
+    │ │ 0/state,pid
+    │ │ │ contexts/nr_contexts
+    │ │ │ │ 0/operations
+    │ │ │ │ │ monitoring_attrs/
+    │ │ │ │ │ │ intervals/sample_us,aggr_us,update_us
+    │ │ │ │ │ │ nr_regions/min,max
+    │ │ │ │ │ targets/nr_targets
+    │ │ │ │ │ │ 0/pid_target
+    │ │ │ │ │ │ │ regions/nr_regions
+    │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 0/start,end
+    │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ...
+    │ │ │ │ │ │ ...
+    │ │ │ │ │ schemes/nr_schemes
+    │ │ │ │ │ │ 0/action
+    │ │ │ │ │ │ │ access_pattern/
+    │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ sz/min,max
+    │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ nr_accesses/min,max
+    │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ age/min,max
+    │ │ │ │ │ │ │ quotas/ms,bytes,reset_interval_ms
+    │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ weights/sz_permil,nr_accesses_permil,age_permil
+    │ │ │ │ │ │ │ watermarks/metric,interval_us,high,mid,low
+    │ │ │ │ │ │ │ stats/nr_tried,sz_tried,nr_applied,sz_applied,qt_exceeds
+    │ │ │ │ │ │ ...
+    │ │ │ │ ...
+    │ │ ...
+
+Root
+----
+
+The root of the DAMON sysfs interface is ``<sysfs>/kernel/mm/damon/``, and it
+has one directory named ``admin``.  The directory contains the files for
+privileged user space programs' control of DAMON.  User space tools or deamons
+having the root permission could use this directory.
+
+kdamonds/
+---------
+
+The monitoring-related information including request specifications and results
+are called DAMON context.  DAMON executes each context with a kernel thread
+called kdamond, and multiple kdamonds could run in parallel.
+
+Under the ``admin`` directory, one directory, ``kdamonds``, which has files for
+controlling the kdamonds exist.  In the beginning, this directory has only one
+file, ``nr_kdamonds``.  Writing a number (``N``) to the file creates the number
+of child directories named ``0`` to ``N-1``.  Each directory represents each
+kdamond.
+
+kdamonds/<N>/
+-------------
+
+In each kdamond directory, two files (``state`` and ``pid``) and one directory
+(``contexts``) exist.
+
+Reading ``state`` returns ``on`` if the kdamond is currently running, or
+``off`` if it is not running.  Writing ``on`` or ``off`` makes the kdamond be
+in the state.  Writing ``update_schemes_stats`` to ``state`` file updates the
+contents of stats files for each DAMON-based operation scheme of the kdamond.
+For details of the stats, please refer to :ref:`stats section
+<sysfs_schemes_stats>`.
+
+If the state is ``on``, reading ``pid`` shows the pid of the kdamond thread.
+
+``contexts`` directory contains files for controlling the monitoring contexts
+that this kdamond will execute.
+
+kdamonds/<N>/contexts/
+----------------------
+
+In the beginning, this directory has only one file, ``nr_contexts``.  Writing a
+number (``N``) to the file creates the number of child directories named as
+``0`` to ``N-1``.  Each directory represents each monitoring context.  At the
+moment, only one context per kdamond is supported, so only ``0`` or ``1`` can
+be written to the file.
+
+contexts/<N>/
+-------------
+
+In each context directory, one file (``operations``) and three directories
+(``monitoring_attrs``, ``targets``, and ``schemes``) exist.
+
+DAMON supports multiple types of monitoring operations, including those for
+virtual address space and the physical address space.  You can set and get what
+type of monitoring operations DAMON will use for the context by writing one of
+below keywords to, and reading from the file.
+
+ - vaddr: Monitor virtual address spaces of specific processes
+ - paddr: Monitor the physical address space of the system
+
+contexts/<N>/monitoring_attrs/
+------------------------------
+
+Files for specifying attributes of the monitoring including required quality
+and efficiency of the monitoring are in ``monitoring_attrs`` directory.
+Specifically, two directories, ``intervals`` and ``nr_regions`` exist in this
+directory.
+
+Under ``intervals`` directory, three files for DAMON's sampling interval
+(``sample_us``), aggregation interval (``aggr_us``), and update interval
+(``update_us``) exist.  You can set and get the values in micro-seconds by
+writing to and reading from the files.
+
+Under ``nr_regions`` directory, two files for the lower-bound and upper-bound
+of DAMON's monitoring regions (``min`` and ``max``, respectively), which
+controls the monitoring overhead, exist.  You can set and get the values by
+writing to and rading from the files.
+
+For more details about the intervals and monitoring regions range, please refer
+to the Design document (:doc:`/vm/damon/design`).
+
+contexts/<N>/targets/
+---------------------
+
+In the beginning, this directory has only one file, ``nr_targets``.  Writing a
+number (``N``) to the file creates the number of child directories named ``0``
+to ``N-1``.  Each directory represents each monitoring target.
+
+targets/<N>/
+------------
+
+In each target directory, one file (``pid_target``) and one directory
+(``regions``) exist.
+
+If you wrote ``vaddr`` to the ``contexts/<N>/operations``, each target should
+be a process.  You can specify the process to DAMON by writing the pid of the
+process to the ``pid_target`` file.
+
+targets/<N>/regions
+-------------------
+
+When ``vaddr`` monitoring operations set is being used (``vaddr`` is written to
+the ``contexts/<N>/operations`` file), DAMON automatically sets and updates the
+monitoring target regions so that entire memory mappings of target processes
+can be covered.  However, users could want to set the initial monitoring region
+to specific address ranges.
+
+In contrast, DAMON do not automatically sets and updates the monitoring target
+regions when ``paddr`` monitoring operations set is being used (``paddr`` is
+written to the ``contexts/<N>/operations``).  Therefore, users should set the
+monitoring target regions by themselves in the case.
+
+For such cases, users can explicitly set the initial monitoring target regions
+as they want, by writing proper values to the files under this directory.
+
+In the beginning, this directory has only one file, ``nr_regions``.  Writing a
+number (``N``) to the file creates the number of child directories named ``0``
+to ``N-1``.  Each directory represents each initial monitoring target region.
+
+regions/<N>/
+------------
+
+In each region directory, you will find two files (``start`` and ``end``).  You
+can set and get the start and end addresses of the initial monitoring target
+region by writing to and reading from the files, respectively.
+
+contexts/<N>/schemes/
+---------------------
+
+For usual DAMON-based data access aware memory management optimizations, users
+would normally want the system to apply a memory management action to a memory
+region of a specific access pattern.  DAMON receives such formalized operation
+schemes from the user and applies those to the target memory regions.  Users
+can get and set the schemes by reading from and writing to files under this
+directory.
+
+In the beginning, this directory has only one file, ``nr_schemes``.  Writing a
+number (``N``) to the file creates the number of child directories named ``0``
+to ``N-1``.  Each directory represents each DAMON-based operation scheme.
+
+schemes/<N>/
+------------
+
+In each scheme directory, four directories (``access_pattern``, ``quotas``,
+``watermarks``, and ``stats``) and one file (``action``) exist.
+
+The ``action`` file is for setting and getting what action you want to apply to
+memory regions having specific access pattern of the interest.  The keywords
+that can be written to and read from the file and their meaning are as below.
+
+ - ``willneed``: Call ``madvise()`` for the region with ``MADV_WILLNEED``
+ - ``cold``: Call ``madvise()`` for the region with ``MADV_COLD``
+ - ``pageout``: Call ``madvise()`` for the region with ``MADV_PAGEOUT``
+ - ``hugepage``: Call ``madvise()`` for the region with ``MADV_HUGEPAGE``
+ - ``nohugepage``: Call ``madvise()`` for the region with ``MADV_NOHUGEPAGE``
+ - ``stat``: Do nothing but count the statistics
+
+schemes/<N>/access_pattern/
+---------------------------
+
+The target access pattern of each DAMON-based operation scheme is constructed
+with three ranges including the size of the region in bytes, number of
+monitored accesses per aggregate interval, and number of aggregated intervals
+for the age of the region.
+
+Under the ``access_pattern`` directory, three directories (``sz``,
+``nr_accesses``, and ``age``) each having two files (``min`` and ``max``)
+exist.  You can set and get the access pattern for the given scheme by writing
+to and reading from the ``min`` and ``max`` files under ``sz``,
+``nr_accesses``, and ``age`` directories, respectively.
+
+schemes/<N>/quotas/
+-------------------
+
+Optimal ``target access pattern`` for each ``action`` is workload dependent, so
+not easy to find.  Worse yet, setting a scheme of some action too aggressive
+can cause severe overhead.  To avoid such overhead, users can limit time and
+size quota for each scheme.  In detail, users can ask DAMON to try to use only
+up to specific time (``time quota``) for applying the action, and to apply the
+action to only up to specific amount (``size quota``) of memory regions having
+the target access pattern within a given time interval (``reset interval``).
+
+When the quota limit is expected to be exceeded, DAMON prioritizes found memory
+regions of the ``target access pattern`` based on their size, access frequency,
+and age.  For personalized prioritization, users can set the weights for the
+three properties.
+
+Under ``quotas`` directory, three files (``ms``, ``bytes``,
+``reset_interval_ms``) and one directory (``weights``) having three files
+(``sz_permil``, ``nr_accesses_permil``, and ``age_permil``) in it exist.
+
+You can set the ``time quota`` in milliseconds, ``size quota`` in bytes, and
+``reset interval`` in milliseconds by writing the values to the three files,
+respectively.  You can also set the prioritization weights for size, access
+frequency, and age in per-thousand unit by writing the values to the three
+files under the ``weights`` directory.
+
+schemes/<N>/watermarks/
+-----------------------
+
+To allow easy activation and deactivation of each scheme based on system
+status, DAMON provides a feature called watermarks.  The feature receives five
+values called ``metric``, ``interval``, ``high``, ``mid``, and ``low``.  The
+``metric`` is the system metric such as free memory ratio that can be measured.
+If the metric value of the system is higher than the value in ``high`` or lower
+than ``low`` at the memoent, the scheme is deactivated.  If the value is lower
+than ``mid``, the scheme is activated.
+
+Under the watermarks directory, five files (``metric``, ``interval_us``,
+``high``, ``mid``, and ``low``) for setting each value exist.  You can set and
+get the five values by writing to the files, respectively.
+
+Keywords and meanings of those that can be written to the ``metric`` file are
+as below.
+
+ - none: Ignore the watermarks
+ - free_mem_rate: System's free memory rate (per thousand)
+
+The ``interval`` should written in microseconds unit.
+
+.. _sysfs_schemes_stats:
+
+schemes/<N>/stats/
+------------------
+
+DAMON counts the total number and bytes of regions that each scheme is tried to
+be applied, the two numbers for the regions that each scheme is successfully
+applied, and the total number of the quota limit exceeds.  This statistics can
+be used for online analysis or tuning of the schemes.
+
+The statistics can be retrieved by reading the files under ``stats`` directory
+(``nr_tried``, ``sz_tried``, ``nr_applied``, ``sz_applied``, and
+``qt_exceeds``), respectively.  The files are not updated in real time, so you
+should ask DAMON sysfs interface to updte the content of the files for the
+stats by writing a special keyword, ``update_schemes_stats`` to the relevant
+``kdamonds/<N>/state`` file.
+
+Example
+~~~~~~~
+
+Below commands applies a scheme saying "If a memory region of size in [4KiB,
+8KiB] is showing accesses per aggregate interval in [0, 5] for aggregate
+interval in [10, 20], page out the region.  For the paging out, use only up to
+10ms per second, and also don't page out more than 1GiB per second.  Under the
+limitation, page out memory regions having longer age first.  Also, check the
+free memory rate of the system every 5 seconds, start the monitoring and paging
+out when the free memory rate becomes lower than 50%, but stop it if the free
+memory rate becomes larger than 60%, or lower than 30%". ::
+
+    # cd <sysfs>/kernel/mm/damon/admin
+    # # populate directories
+    # echo 1 > kdamonds/nr_kdamonds; echo 1 > kdamonds/0/contexts/nr_contexts;
+    # echo 1 > kdamonds/0/contexts/0/schemes/nr_schemes
+    # cd kdamonds/0/contexts/0/schemes/0
+    # # set the basic access pattern and the action
+    # echo 4096 > access_patterns/sz/min
+    # echo 8192 > access_patterns/sz/max
+    # echo 0 > access_patterns/nr_accesses/min
+    # echo 5 > access_patterns/nr_accesses/max
+    # echo 10 > access_patterns/age/min
+    # echo 20 > access_patterns/age/max
+    # echo pageout > action
+    # # set quotas
+    # echo 10 > quotas/ms
+    # echo $((1024*1024*1024)) > quotas/bytes
+    # echo 1000 > quotas/reset_interval_ms
+    # # set watermark
+    # echo free_mem_rate > watermarks/metric
+    # echo 5000000 > watermarks/interval_us
+    # echo 600 > watermarks/high
+    # echo 500 > watermarks/mid
+    # echo 300 > watermarks/low
+
+Please note that it's highly recommended to use user space tools like `damo
+<https://github.com/awslabs/damo>`_ rather than manually reading and writing
+the files as above.  Above is only for an example.
 
 .. _debugfs_interface:
 
@@ -47,7 +385,7 @@ Attributes
 ----------
 
 Users can get and set the ``sampling interval``, ``aggregation interval``,
-``regions update interval``, and min/max number of monitoring target regions by
+``update interval``, and min/max number of monitoring target regions by
 reading from and writing to the ``attrs`` file.  To know about the monitoring
 attributes in detail, please refer to the :doc:`/vm/damon/design`.  For
 example, below commands set those values to 5 ms, 100 ms, 1,000 ms, 10 and
@@ -108,24 +446,28 @@ In such cases, users can explicitly set the initial monitoring target regions
 as they want, by writing proper values to the ``init_regions`` file.  Each line
 of the input should represent one region in below form.::
 
-    <target id> <start address> <end address>
+    <target idx> <start address> <end address>
 
-The ``target id`` should already in ``target_ids`` file, and the regions should
-be passed in address order.  For example, below commands will set a couple of
-address ranges, ``1-100`` and ``100-200`` as the initial monitoring target
-region of process 42, and another couple of address ranges, ``20-40`` and
-``50-100`` as that of process 4242.::
+The ``target idx`` should be the index of the target in ``target_ids`` file,
+starting from ``0``, and the regions should be passed in address order.  For
+example, below commands will set a couple of address ranges, ``1-100`` and
+``100-200`` as the initial monitoring target region of pid 42, which is the
+first one (index ``0``) in ``target_ids``, and another couple of address
+ranges, ``20-40`` and ``50-100`` as that of pid 4242, which is the second one
+(index ``1``) in ``target_ids``.::
 
     # cd <debugfs>/damon
-    # echo "42   1       100
-            42   100     200
-            4242 20      40
-            4242 50      100" > init_regions
+    # cat target_ids
+    42 4242
+    # echo "0   1       100
+            0   100     200
+            1   20      40
+            1   50      100" > init_regions
 
 Note that this sets the initial monitoring target regions only.  In case of
 virtual memory monitoring, DAMON will automatically updates the boundary of the
-regions after one ``regions update interval``.  Therefore, users should set the
-``regions update interval`` large enough in this case, if they don't want the
+regions after one ``update interval``.  Therefore, users should set the
+``update interval`` large enough in this case, if they don't want the
 update.
 
 
diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/mm/zswap.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/mm/zswap.rst
index 8edb8d578caf..6e6f7b0d6562 100644
--- a/Documentation/admin-guide/mm/zswap.rst
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/mm/zswap.rst
@@ -130,9 +130,25 @@ attribute, e.g.::
 	echo 1 > /sys/module/zswap/parameters/same_filled_pages_enabled
 
 When zswap same-filled page identification is disabled at runtime, it will stop
-checking for the same-value filled pages during store operation. However, the
-existing pages which are marked as same-value filled pages remain stored
-unchanged in zswap until they are either loaded or invalidated.
+checking for the same-value filled pages during store operation.
+In other words, every page will be then considered non-same-value filled.
+However, the existing pages which are marked as same-value filled pages remain
+stored unchanged in zswap until they are either loaded or invalidated.
+
+In some circumstances it might be advantageous to make use of just the zswap
+ability to efficiently store same-filled pages without enabling the whole
+compressed page storage.
+In this case the handling of non-same-value pages by zswap (enabled by default)
+can be disabled by setting the ``non_same_filled_pages_enabled`` attribute
+to 0, e.g. ``zswap.non_same_filled_pages_enabled=0``.
+It can also be enabled and disabled at runtime using the sysfs
+``non_same_filled_pages_enabled`` attribute, e.g.::
+
+	echo 1 > /sys/module/zswap/parameters/non_same_filled_pages_enabled
+
+Disabling both ``zswap.same_filled_pages_enabled`` and
+``zswap.non_same_filled_pages_enabled`` effectively disables accepting any new
+pages by zswap.
 
 To prevent zswap from shrinking pool when zswap is full and there's a high
 pressure on swap (this will result in flipping pages in and out zswap pool
diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/kernel.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/kernel.rst
index 2d1b8c1ea2e8..803c60bf21d3 100644
--- a/Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/kernel.rst
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/kernel.rst
@@ -595,22 +595,34 @@ Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst).
 numa_balancing
 ==============
 
-Enables/disables automatic page fault based NUMA memory
-balancing. Memory is moved automatically to nodes
-that access it often.
+Enables/disables and configures automatic page fault based NUMA memory
+balancing.  Memory is moved automatically to nodes that access it often.
+The value to set can be the result of ORing the following:
 
-Enables/disables automatic NUMA memory balancing. On NUMA machines, there
-is a performance penalty if remote memory is accessed by a CPU. When this
-feature is enabled the kernel samples what task thread is accessing memory
-by periodically unmapping pages and later trapping a page fault. At the
-time of the page fault, it is determined if the data being accessed should
-be migrated to a local memory node.
+= =================================
+0 NUMA_BALANCING_DISABLED
+1 NUMA_BALANCING_NORMAL
+2 NUMA_BALANCING_MEMORY_TIERING
+= =================================
+
+Or NUMA_BALANCING_NORMAL to optimize page placement among different
+NUMA nodes to reduce remote accessing.  On NUMA machines, there is a
+performance penalty if remote memory is accessed by a CPU. When this
+feature is enabled the kernel samples what task thread is accessing
+memory by periodically unmapping pages and later trapping a page
+fault. At the time of the page fault, it is determined if the data
+being accessed should be migrated to a local memory node.
 
 The unmapping of pages and trapping faults incur additional overhead that
 ideally is offset by improved memory locality but there is no universal
 guarantee. If the target workload is already bound to NUMA nodes then this
 feature should be disabled.
 
+Or NUMA_BALANCING_MEMORY_TIERING to optimize page placement among
+different types of memory (represented as different NUMA nodes) to
+place the hot pages in the fast memory.  This is implemented based on
+unmapping and page fault too.
+
 oops_all_cpu_backtrace
 ======================
 
diff --git a/Documentation/core-api/mm-api.rst b/Documentation/core-api/mm-api.rst
index 395835f9289f..f5b2f92822c8 100644
--- a/Documentation/core-api/mm-api.rst
+++ b/Documentation/core-api/mm-api.rst
@@ -58,15 +58,30 @@ Virtually Contiguous Mappings
 File Mapping and Page Cache
 ===========================
 
-.. kernel-doc:: mm/readahead.c
-   :export:
+Filemap
+-------
 
 .. kernel-doc:: mm/filemap.c
    :export:
 
+Readahead
+---------
+
+.. kernel-doc:: mm/readahead.c
+   :doc: Readahead Overview
+
+.. kernel-doc:: mm/readahead.c
+   :export:
+
+Writeback
+---------
+
 .. kernel-doc:: mm/page-writeback.c
    :export:
 
+Truncate
+--------
+
 .. kernel-doc:: mm/truncate.c
    :export:
 
diff --git a/Documentation/dev-tools/kfence.rst b/Documentation/dev-tools/kfence.rst
index ac6b89d1a8c3..936f6aaa75c8 100644
--- a/Documentation/dev-tools/kfence.rst
+++ b/Documentation/dev-tools/kfence.rst
@@ -41,6 +41,18 @@ guarded by KFENCE. The default is configurable via the Kconfig option
 ``CONFIG_KFENCE_SAMPLE_INTERVAL``. Setting ``kfence.sample_interval=0``
 disables KFENCE.
 
+The sample interval controls a timer that sets up KFENCE allocations. By
+default, to keep the real sample interval predictable, the normal timer also
+causes CPU wake-ups when the system is completely idle. This may be undesirable
+on power-constrained systems. The boot parameter ``kfence.deferrable=1``
+instead switches to a "deferrable" timer which does not force CPU wake-ups on
+idle systems, at the risk of unpredictable sample intervals. The default is
+configurable via the Kconfig option ``CONFIG_KFENCE_DEFERRABLE``.
+
+.. warning::
+   The KUnit test suite is very likely to fail when using a deferrable timer
+   since it currently causes very unpredictable sample intervals.
+
 The KFENCE memory pool is of fixed size, and if the pool is exhausted, no
 further KFENCE allocations occur. With ``CONFIG_KFENCE_NUM_OBJECTS`` (default
 255), the number of available guarded objects can be controlled. Each object
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/porting.rst b/Documentation/filesystems/porting.rst
index bf19fd6b86e7..7c1583dbeb59 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/porting.rst
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/porting.rst
@@ -45,6 +45,12 @@ typically between calling iget_locked() and unlocking the inode.
 
 At some point that will become mandatory.
 
+**mandatory**
+
+The foo_inode_info should always be allocated through alloc_inode_sb() rather
+than kmem_cache_alloc() or kmalloc() related to set up the inode reclaim context
+correctly.
+
 ---
 
 **mandatory**
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.rst b/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.rst
index bf5c48066fac..b4a0baa46dcc 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.rst
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.rst
@@ -806,12 +806,16 @@ cache in your filesystem.  The following members are defined:
 	object.  The pages are consecutive in the page cache and are
 	locked.  The implementation should decrement the page refcount
 	after starting I/O on each page.  Usually the page will be
-	unlocked by the I/O completion handler.  If the filesystem decides
-	to stop attempting I/O before reaching the end of the readahead
-	window, it can simply return.  The caller will decrement the page
-	refcount and unlock the remaining pages for you.  Set PageUptodate
-	if the I/O completes successfully.  Setting PageError on any page
-	will be ignored; simply unlock the page if an I/O error occurs.
+	unlocked by the I/O completion handler.  The set of pages are
+	divided into some sync pages followed by some async pages,
+	rac->ra->async_size gives the number of async pages.  The
+	filesystem should attempt to read all sync pages but may decide
+	to stop once it reaches the async pages.  If it does decide to
+	stop attempting I/O, it can simply return.  The caller will
+	remove the remaining pages from the address space, unlock them
+	and decrement the page refcount.  Set PageUptodate if the I/O
+	completes successfully.  Setting PageError on any page will be
+	ignored; simply unlock the page if an I/O error occurs.
 
 ``readpages``
 	called by the VM to read pages associated with the address_space
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/damon/design.rst b/Documentation/vm/damon/design.rst
index 210f0f50efd8..0cff6fac6b7e 100644
--- a/Documentation/vm/damon/design.rst
+++ b/Documentation/vm/damon/design.rst
@@ -13,12 +13,13 @@ primitives that dependent on and optimized for the target address space.  On
 the other hand, the accuracy and overhead tradeoff mechanism, which is the core
 of DAMON, is in the pure logic space.  DAMON separates the two parts in
 different layers and defines its interface to allow various low level
-primitives implementations configurable with the core logic.
+primitives implementations configurable with the core logic.  We call the low
+level primitives implementations monitoring operations.
 
 Due to this separated design and the configurable interface, users can extend
-DAMON for any address space by configuring the core logics with appropriate low
-level primitive implementations.  If appropriate one is not provided, users can
-implement the primitives on their own.
+DAMON for any address space by configuring the core logics with appropriate
+monitoring operations.  If appropriate one is not provided, users can implement
+the operations on their own.
 
 For example, physical memory, virtual memory, swap space, those for specific
 processes, NUMA nodes, files, and backing memory devices would be supportable.
@@ -26,25 +27,24 @@ Also, if some architectures or devices support special optimized access check
 primitives, those will be easily configurable.
 
 
-Reference Implementations of Address Space Specific Primitives
-==============================================================
+Reference Implementations of Address Space Specific Monitoring Operations
+=========================================================================
 
-The low level primitives for the fundamental access monitoring are defined in
-two parts:
+The monitoring operations are defined in two parts:
 
 1. Identification of the monitoring target address range for the address space.
 2. Access check of specific address range in the target space.
 
-DAMON currently provides the implementations of the primitives for the physical
+DAMON currently provides the implementations of the operations for the physical
 and virtual address spaces. Below two subsections describe how those work.
 
 
 VMA-based Target Address Range Construction
 -------------------------------------------
 
-This is only for the virtual address space primitives implementation.  That for
-the physical address space simply asks users to manually set the monitoring
-target address ranges.
+This is only for the virtual address space monitoring operations
+implementation.  That for the physical address space simply asks users to
+manually set the monitoring target address ranges.
 
 Only small parts in the super-huge virtual address space of the processes are
 mapped to the physical memory and accessed.  Thus, tracking the unmapped
@@ -84,9 +84,10 @@ table having a mapping to the address.  In this way, the implementations find
 and clear the bit(s) for next sampling target address and checks whether the
 bit(s) set again after one sampling period.  This could disturb other kernel
 subsystems using the Accessed bits, namely Idle page tracking and the reclaim
-logic.  To avoid such disturbances, DAMON makes it mutually exclusive with Idle
-page tracking and uses ``PG_idle`` and ``PG_young`` page flags to solve the
-conflict with the reclaim logic, as Idle page tracking does.
+logic.  DAMON does nothing to avoid disturbing Idle page tracking, so handling
+the interference is the responsibility of sysadmins.  However, it solves the
+conflict with the reclaim logic using ``PG_idle`` and ``PG_young`` page flags,
+as Idle page tracking does.
 
 
 Address Space Independent Core Mechanisms
@@ -94,8 +95,8 @@ Address Space Independent Core Mechanisms
 
 Below four sections describe each of the DAMON core mechanisms and the five
 monitoring attributes, ``sampling interval``, ``aggregation interval``,
-``regions update interval``, ``minimum number of regions``, and ``maximum
-number of regions``.
+``update interval``, ``minimum number of regions``, and ``maximum number of
+regions``.
 
 
 Access Frequency Monitoring
@@ -168,6 +169,8 @@ The monitoring target address range could dynamically changed.  For example,
 virtual memory could be dynamically mapped and unmapped.  Physical memory could
 be hot-plugged.
 
-As the changes could be quite frequent in some cases, DAMON checks the dynamic
-memory mapping changes and applies it to the abstracted target area only for
-each of a user-specified time interval (``regions update interval``).
+As the changes could be quite frequent in some cases, DAMON allows the
+monitoring operations to check dynamic changes including memory mapping changes
+and applies it to monitoring operations-related data structures such as the
+abstracted monitoring target memory area only for each of a user-specified time
+interval (``update interval``).
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/damon/faq.rst b/Documentation/vm/damon/faq.rst
index 11aea40eb328..dde7e2414ee6 100644
--- a/Documentation/vm/damon/faq.rst
+++ b/Documentation/vm/damon/faq.rst
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ Does DAMON support virtual memory only?
 =======================================
 
 No.  The core of the DAMON is address space independent.  The address space
-specific low level primitive parts including monitoring target regions
+specific monitoring operations including monitoring target regions
 constructions and actual access checks can be implemented and configured on the
 DAMON core by the users.  In this way, DAMON users can monitor any address
 space with any access check technique.