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authorMauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>2016-09-21 15:51:11 +0300
committerMauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>2016-10-24 13:12:35 +0300
commit9d85025b0418163fae079c9ba8f8445212de8568 (patch)
tree4629e2dedf4a9ed45a6855c129101f9b52138372 /Documentation/java.txt
parent186128f75392f8478ad1b32a675627d738881ca4 (diff)
downloadlinux-9d85025b0418163fae079c9ba8f8445212de8568.tar.xz
docs-rst: create an user's manual book
Place README, REPORTING-BUGS, SecurityBugs and kernel-parameters on an user's manual book. As we'll be numbering the user's manual, remove the manual numbering from SecurityBugs. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>
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-Java(tm) Binary Kernel Support for Linux v1.03
-----------------------------------------------
-
-Linux beats them ALL! While all other OS's are TALKING about direct
-support of Java Binaries in the OS, Linux is doing it!
-
-You can execute Java applications and Java Applets just like any
-other program after you have done the following:
-
-1) You MUST FIRST install the Java Developers Kit for Linux.
- The Java on Linux HOWTO gives the details on getting and
- installing this. This HOWTO can be found at:
-
- ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/Java-HOWTO
-
- You should also set up a reasonable CLASSPATH environment
- variable to use Java applications that make use of any
- nonstandard classes (not included in the same directory
- as the application itself).
-
-2) You have to compile BINFMT_MISC either as a module or into
- the kernel (``CONFIG_BINFMT_MISC``) and set it up properly.
- If you choose to compile it as a module, you will have
- to insert it manually with modprobe/insmod, as kmod
- cannot easily be supported with binfmt_misc.
- Read the file 'binfmt_misc.txt' in this directory to know
- more about the configuration process.
-
-3) Add the following configuration items to binfmt_misc
- (you should really have read ``binfmt_misc.txt`` now):
- support for Java applications::
-
- ':Java:M::\xca\xfe\xba\xbe::/usr/local/bin/javawrapper:'
-
- support for executable Jar files::
-
- ':ExecutableJAR:E::jar::/usr/local/bin/jarwrapper:'
-
- support for Java Applets::
-
- ':Applet:E::html::/usr/bin/appletviewer:'
-
- or the following, if you want to be more selective::
-
- ':Applet:M::<!--applet::/usr/bin/appletviewer:'
-
- Of course you have to fix the path names. The path/file names given in this
- document match the Debian 2.1 system. (i.e. jdk installed in ``/usr``,
- custom wrappers from this document in ``/usr/local``)
-
- Note, that for the more selective applet support you have to modify
- existing html-files to contain ``<!--applet-->`` in the first line
- (``<`` has to be the first character!) to let this work!
-
- For the compiled Java programs you need a wrapper script like the
- following (this is because Java is broken in case of the filename
- handling), again fix the path names, both in the script and in the
- above given configuration string.
-
- You, too, need the little program after the script. Compile like::
-
- gcc -O2 -o javaclassname javaclassname.c
-
- and stick it to ``/usr/local/bin``.
-
- Both the javawrapper shellscript and the javaclassname program
- were supplied by Colin J. Watson <cjw44@cam.ac.uk>.
-
-Javawrapper shell script::
-
- #!/bin/bash
- # /usr/local/bin/javawrapper - the wrapper for binfmt_misc/java
-
- if [ -z "$1" ]; then
- exec 1>&2
- echo Usage: $0 class-file
- exit 1
- fi
-
- CLASS=$1
- FQCLASS=`/usr/local/bin/javaclassname $1`
- FQCLASSN=`echo $FQCLASS | sed -e 's/^.*\.\([^.]*\)$/\1/'`
- FQCLASSP=`echo $FQCLASS | sed -e 's-\.-/-g' -e 's-^[^/]*$--' -e 's-/[^/]*$--'`
-
- # for example:
- # CLASS=Test.class
- # FQCLASS=foo.bar.Test
- # FQCLASSN=Test
- # FQCLASSP=foo/bar
-
- unset CLASSBASE
-
- declare -i LINKLEVEL=0
-
- while :; do
- if [ "`basename $CLASS .class`" == "$FQCLASSN" ]; then
- # See if this directory works straight off
- cd -L `dirname $CLASS`
- CLASSDIR=$PWD
- cd $OLDPWD
- if echo $CLASSDIR | grep -q "$FQCLASSP$"; then
- CLASSBASE=`echo $CLASSDIR | sed -e "s.$FQCLASSP$.."`
- break;
- fi
- # Try dereferencing the directory name
- cd -P `dirname $CLASS`
- CLASSDIR=$PWD
- cd $OLDPWD
- if echo $CLASSDIR | grep -q "$FQCLASSP$"; then
- CLASSBASE=`echo $CLASSDIR | sed -e "s.$FQCLASSP$.."`
- break;
- fi
- # If no other possible filename exists
- if [ ! -L $CLASS ]; then
- exec 1>&2
- echo $0:
- echo " $CLASS should be in a" \
- "directory tree called $FQCLASSP"
- exit 1
- fi
- fi
- if [ ! -L $CLASS ]; then break; fi
- # Go down one more level of symbolic links
- let LINKLEVEL+=1
- if [ $LINKLEVEL -gt 5 ]; then
- exec 1>&2
- echo $0:
- echo " Too many symbolic links encountered"
- exit 1
- fi
- CLASS=`ls --color=no -l $CLASS | sed -e 's/^.* \([^ ]*\)$/\1/'`
- done
-
- if [ -z "$CLASSBASE" ]; then
- if [ -z "$FQCLASSP" ]; then
- GOODNAME=$FQCLASSN.class
- else
- GOODNAME=$FQCLASSP/$FQCLASSN.class
- fi
- exec 1>&2
- echo $0:
- echo " $FQCLASS should be in a file called $GOODNAME"
- exit 1
- fi
-
- if ! echo $CLASSPATH | grep -q "^\(.*:\)*$CLASSBASE\(:.*\)*"; then
- # class is not in CLASSPATH, so prepend dir of class to CLASSPATH
- if [ -z "${CLASSPATH}" ] ; then
- export CLASSPATH=$CLASSBASE
- else
- export CLASSPATH=$CLASSBASE:$CLASSPATH
- fi
- fi
-
- shift
- /usr/bin/java $FQCLASS "$@"
-
-javaclassname.c::
-
- /* javaclassname.c
- *
- * Extracts the class name from a Java class file; intended for use in a Java
- * wrapper of the type supported by the binfmt_misc option in the Linux kernel.
- *
- * Copyright (C) 1999 Colin J. Watson <cjw44@cam.ac.uk>.
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
- */
-
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <stdarg.h>
- #include <sys/types.h>
-
- /* From Sun's Java VM Specification, as tag entries in the constant pool. */
-
- #define CP_UTF8 1
- #define CP_INTEGER 3
- #define CP_FLOAT 4
- #define CP_LONG 5
- #define CP_DOUBLE 6
- #define CP_CLASS 7
- #define CP_STRING 8
- #define CP_FIELDREF 9
- #define CP_METHODREF 10
- #define CP_INTERFACEMETHODREF 11
- #define CP_NAMEANDTYPE 12
- #define CP_METHODHANDLE 15
- #define CP_METHODTYPE 16
- #define CP_INVOKEDYNAMIC 18
-
- /* Define some commonly used error messages */
-
- #define seek_error() error("%s: Cannot seek\n", program)
- #define corrupt_error() error("%s: Class file corrupt\n", program)
- #define eof_error() error("%s: Unexpected end of file\n", program)
- #define utf8_error() error("%s: Only ASCII 1-255 supported\n", program);
-
- char *program;
-
- long *pool;
-
- u_int8_t read_8(FILE *classfile);
- u_int16_t read_16(FILE *classfile);
- void skip_constant(FILE *classfile, u_int16_t *cur);
- void error(const char *format, ...);
- int main(int argc, char **argv);
-
- /* Reads in an unsigned 8-bit integer. */
- u_int8_t read_8(FILE *classfile)
- {
- int b = fgetc(classfile);
- if(b == EOF)
- eof_error();
- return (u_int8_t)b;
- }
-
- /* Reads in an unsigned 16-bit integer. */
- u_int16_t read_16(FILE *classfile)
- {
- int b1, b2;
- b1 = fgetc(classfile);
- if(b1 == EOF)
- eof_error();
- b2 = fgetc(classfile);
- if(b2 == EOF)
- eof_error();
- return (u_int16_t)((b1 << 8) | b2);
- }
-
- /* Reads in a value from the constant pool. */
- void skip_constant(FILE *classfile, u_int16_t *cur)
- {
- u_int16_t len;
- int seekerr = 1;
- pool[*cur] = ftell(classfile);
- switch(read_8(classfile))
- {
- case CP_UTF8:
- len = read_16(classfile);
- seekerr = fseek(classfile, len, SEEK_CUR);
- break;
- case CP_CLASS:
- case CP_STRING:
- case CP_METHODTYPE:
- seekerr = fseek(classfile, 2, SEEK_CUR);
- break;
- case CP_METHODHANDLE:
- seekerr = fseek(classfile, 3, SEEK_CUR);
- break;
- case CP_INTEGER:
- case CP_FLOAT:
- case CP_FIELDREF:
- case CP_METHODREF:
- case CP_INTERFACEMETHODREF:
- case CP_NAMEANDTYPE:
- case CP_INVOKEDYNAMIC:
- seekerr = fseek(classfile, 4, SEEK_CUR);
- break;
- case CP_LONG:
- case CP_DOUBLE:
- seekerr = fseek(classfile, 8, SEEK_CUR);
- ++(*cur);
- break;
- default:
- corrupt_error();
- }
- if(seekerr)
- seek_error();
- }
-
- void error(const char *format, ...)
- {
- va_list ap;
- va_start(ap, format);
- vfprintf(stderr, format, ap);
- va_end(ap);
- exit(1);
- }
-
- int main(int argc, char **argv)
- {
- FILE *classfile;
- u_int16_t cp_count, i, this_class, classinfo_ptr;
- u_int8_t length;
-
- program = argv[0];
-
- if(!argv[1])
- error("%s: Missing input file\n", program);
- classfile = fopen(argv[1], "rb");
- if(!classfile)
- error("%s: Error opening %s\n", program, argv[1]);
-
- if(fseek(classfile, 8, SEEK_SET)) /* skip magic and version numbers */
- seek_error();
- cp_count = read_16(classfile);
- pool = calloc(cp_count, sizeof(long));
- if(!pool)
- error("%s: Out of memory for constant pool\n", program);
-
- for(i = 1; i < cp_count; ++i)
- skip_constant(classfile, &i);
- if(fseek(classfile, 2, SEEK_CUR)) /* skip access flags */
- seek_error();
-
- this_class = read_16(classfile);
- if(this_class < 1 || this_class >= cp_count)
- corrupt_error();
- if(!pool[this_class] || pool[this_class] == -1)
- corrupt_error();
- if(fseek(classfile, pool[this_class] + 1, SEEK_SET))
- seek_error();
-
- classinfo_ptr = read_16(classfile);
- if(classinfo_ptr < 1 || classinfo_ptr >= cp_count)
- corrupt_error();
- if(!pool[classinfo_ptr] || pool[classinfo_ptr] == -1)
- corrupt_error();
- if(fseek(classfile, pool[classinfo_ptr] + 1, SEEK_SET))
- seek_error();
-
- length = read_16(classfile);
- for(i = 0; i < length; ++i)
- {
- u_int8_t x = read_8(classfile);
- if((x & 0x80) || !x)
- {
- if((x & 0xE0) == 0xC0)
- {
- u_int8_t y = read_8(classfile);
- if((y & 0xC0) == 0x80)
- {
- int c = ((x & 0x1f) << 6) + (y & 0x3f);
- if(c) putchar(c);
- else utf8_error();
- }
- else utf8_error();
- }
- else utf8_error();
- }
- else if(x == '/') putchar('.');
- else putchar(x);
- }
- putchar('\n');
- free(pool);
- fclose(classfile);
- return 0;
- }
-
-jarwrapper::
-
- #!/bin/bash
- # /usr/local/java/bin/jarwrapper - the wrapper for binfmt_misc/jar
-
- java -jar $1
-
-
-Now simply ``chmod +x`` the ``.class``, ``.jar`` and/or ``.html`` files you
-want to execute.
-
-To add a Java program to your path best put a symbolic link to the main
-.class file into /usr/bin (or another place you like) omitting the .class
-extension. The directory containing the original .class file will be
-added to your CLASSPATH during execution.
-
-
-To test your new setup, enter in the following simple Java app, and name
-it "HelloWorld.java"::
-
- class HelloWorld {
- public static void main(String args[]) {
- System.out.println("Hello World!");
- }
- }
-
-Now compile the application with::
-
- javac HelloWorld.java
-
-Set the executable permissions of the binary file, with::
-
- chmod 755 HelloWorld.class
-
-And then execute it::
-
- ./HelloWorld.class
-
-
-To execute Java Jar files, simple chmod the ``*.jar`` files to include
-the execution bit, then just do::
-
- ./Application.jar
-
-
-To execute Java Applets, simple chmod the ``*.html`` files to include
-the execution bit, then just do::
-
- ./Applet.html
-
-
-originally by Brian A. Lantz, brian@lantz.com
-heavily edited for binfmt_misc by Richard Günther
-new scripts by Colin J. Watson <cjw44@cam.ac.uk>
-added executable Jar file support by Kurt Huwig <kurt@iku-netz.de>
-