docs: fault-injection: convert docs to ReST and rename to *.rst

The conversion is actually:
  - add blank lines and identation in order to identify paragraphs;
  - fix tables markups;
  - add some lists markups;
  - mark literal blocks;
  - adjust title markups.

At its new index.rst, let's add a :orphan: while this is not linked to
the main index.rst file, in order to avoid build warnings.

Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Federico Vaga <federico.vaga@vaga.pv.it>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

7 files changed, 345 insertions, 296 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/fault-injection/fault-injection.txt b/Documentation/fault-injection/fault-injection.rst
index a17517a083c3..f51bb21d20e4 100644
--- a/Documentation/fault-injection/fault-injection.txt
+++ b/Documentation/fault-injection/fault-injection.rst
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+===========================================
 Fault injection capabilities infrastructure
 ===========================================
 
@@ -7,36 +8,36 @@ See also drivers/md/md-faulty.c and "every_nth" module option for scsi_debug.
 Available fault injection capabilities
 --------------------------------------
 
-o failslab
+- failslab
 
   injects slab allocation failures. (kmalloc(), kmem_cache_alloc(), ...)
 
-o fail_page_alloc
+- fail_page_alloc
 
   injects page allocation failures. (alloc_pages(), get_free_pages(), ...)
 
-o fail_futex
+- fail_futex
 
   injects futex deadlock and uaddr fault errors.
 
-o fail_make_request
+- fail_make_request
 
   injects disk IO errors on devices permitted by setting
   /sys/block/<device>/make-it-fail or
   /sys/block/<device>/<partition>/make-it-fail. (generic_make_request())
 
-o fail_mmc_request
+- fail_mmc_request
 
   injects MMC data errors on devices permitted by setting
   debugfs entries under /sys/kernel/debug/mmc0/fail_mmc_request
 
-o fail_function
+- fail_function
 
   injects error return on specific functions, which are marked by
   ALLOW_ERROR_INJECTION() macro, by setting debugfs entries
   under /sys/kernel/debug/fail_function. No boot option supported.
 
-o NVMe fault injection
+- NVMe fault injection
 
   inject NVMe status code and retry flag on devices permitted by setting
   debugfs entries under /sys/kernel/debug/nvme*/fault_inject. The default
@@ -47,7 +48,8 @@ o NVMe fault injection
 Configure fault-injection capabilities behavior
 -----------------------------------------------
 
-o debugfs entries
+debugfs entries
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 fault-inject-debugfs kernel module provides some debugfs entries for runtime
 configuration of fault-injection capabilities.
@@ -55,6 +57,7 @@ configuration of fault-injection capabilities.
 - /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/probability:
 
 	likelihood of failure injection, in percent.
+
 	Format: <percent>
 
 	Note that one-failure-per-hundred is a very high error rate
@@ -83,6 +86,7 @@ configuration of fault-injection capabilities.
 - /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/verbose
 
 	Format: { 0 | 1 | 2 }
+
 	specifies the verbosity of the messages when failure is
 	injected.  '0' means no messages; '1' will print only a single
 	log line per failure; '2' will print a call trace too -- useful
@@ -91,14 +95,15 @@ configuration of fault-injection capabilities.
 - /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/task-filter:
 
 	Format: { 'Y' | 'N' }
+
 	A value of 'N' disables filtering by process (default).
 	Any positive value limits failures to only processes indicated by
 	/proc/<pid>/make-it-fail==1.
 
-- /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/require-start:
-- /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/require-end:
-- /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/reject-start:
-- /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/reject-end:
+- /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/require-start,
+  /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/require-end,
+  /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/reject-start,
+  /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/reject-end:
 
 	specifies the range of virtual addresses tested during
 	stacktrace walking.  Failure is injected only if some caller
@@ -116,6 +121,7 @@ configuration of fault-injection capabilities.
 - /sys/kernel/debug/fail_page_alloc/ignore-gfp-highmem:
 
 	Format: { 'Y' | 'N' }
+
 	default is 'N', setting it to 'Y' won't inject failures into
 	highmem/user allocations.
 
@@ -123,6 +129,7 @@ configuration of fault-injection capabilities.
 - /sys/kernel/debug/fail_page_alloc/ignore-gfp-wait:
 
 	Format: { 'Y' | 'N' }
+
 	default is 'N', setting it to 'Y' will inject failures
 	only into non-sleep allocations (GFP_ATOMIC allocations).
 
@@ -134,12 +141,14 @@ configuration of fault-injection capabilities.
 - /sys/kernel/debug/fail_futex/ignore-private:
 
 	Format: { 'Y' | 'N' }
+
 	default is 'N', setting it to 'Y' will disable failure injections
 	when dealing with private (address space) futexes.
 
 - /sys/kernel/debug/fail_function/inject:
 
 	Format: { 'function-name' | '!function-name' | '' }
+
 	specifies the target function of error injection by name.
 	If the function name leads '!' prefix, given function is
 	removed from injection list. If nothing specified ('')
@@ -160,10 +169,11 @@ configuration of fault-injection capabilities.
 	function for given function. This will be created when
 	user specifies new injection entry.
 
-o Boot option
+Boot option
+^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 In order to inject faults while debugfs is not available (early boot time),
-use the boot option:
+use the boot option::
 
 	failslab=
 	fail_page_alloc=
@@ -171,10 +181,11 @@ use the boot option:
 	fail_futex=
 	mmc_core.fail_request=<interval>,<probability>,<space>,<times>
 
-o proc entries
+proc entries
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-- /proc/<pid>/fail-nth:
-- /proc/self/task/<tid>/fail-nth:
+- /proc/<pid>/fail-nth,
+  /proc/self/task/<tid>/fail-nth:
 
 	Write to this file of integer N makes N-th call in the task fail.
 	Read from this file returns a integer value. A value of '0' indicates
@@ -191,16 +202,16 @@ o proc entries
 How to add new fault injection capability
 -----------------------------------------
 
-o #include <linux/fault-inject.h>
+- #include <linux/fault-inject.h>
 
-o define the fault attributes
+- define the fault attributes
 
   DECLARE_FAULT_ATTR(name);
 
   Please see the definition of struct fault_attr in fault-inject.h
   for details.
 
-o provide a way to configure fault attributes
+- provide a way to configure fault attributes
 
 - boot option
 
@@ -222,126 +233,126 @@ o provide a way to configure fault attributes
   single kernel module, it is better to provide module parameters to
   configure the fault attributes.
 
-o add a hook to insert failures
+- add a hook to insert failures
 
-  Upon should_fail() returning true, client code should inject a failure.
+  Upon should_fail() returning true, client code should inject a failure:
 
 	should_fail(attr, size);
 
 Application Examples
 --------------------
 
-o Inject slab allocation failures into module init/exit code
+- Inject slab allocation failures into module init/exit code::
 
-#!/bin/bash
+    #!/bin/bash
 
-FAILTYPE=failslab
-echo Y > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/task-filter
-echo 10 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/probability
-echo 100 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/interval
-echo -1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/times
-echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/space
-echo 2 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/verbose
-echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/ignore-gfp-wait
+    FAILTYPE=failslab
+    echo Y > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/task-filter
+    echo 10 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/probability
+    echo 100 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/interval
+    echo -1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/times
+    echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/space
+    echo 2 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/verbose
+    echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/ignore-gfp-wait
 
-faulty_system()
-{
+    faulty_system()
+    {
 	bash -c "echo 1 > /proc/self/make-it-fail && exec $*"
-}
+    }
 
-if [ $# -eq 0 ]
-then
+    if [ $# -eq 0 ]
+    then
 	echo "Usage: $0 modulename [ modulename ... ]"
 	exit 1
-fi
+    fi
 
-for m in $*
-do
+    for m in $*
+    do
 	echo inserting $m...
 	faulty_system modprobe $m
 
 	echo removing $m...
 	faulty_system modprobe -r $m
-done
+    done
 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-o Inject page allocation failures only for a specific module
+- Inject page allocation failures only for a specific module::
 
-#!/bin/bash
+    #!/bin/bash
 
-FAILTYPE=fail_page_alloc
-module=$1
+    FAILTYPE=fail_page_alloc
+    module=$1
 
-if [ -z $module ]
-then
+    if [ -z $module ]
+    then
 	echo "Usage: $0 <modulename>"
 	exit 1
-fi
+    fi
 
-modprobe $module
+    modprobe $module
 
-if [ ! -d /sys/module/$module/sections ]
-then
+    if [ ! -d /sys/module/$module/sections ]
+    then
 	echo Module $module is not loaded
 	exit 1
-fi
+    fi
 
-cat /sys/module/$module/sections/.text > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/require-start
-cat /sys/module/$module/sections/.data > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/require-end
+    cat /sys/module/$module/sections/.text > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/require-start
+    cat /sys/module/$module/sections/.data > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/require-end
 
-echo N > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/task-filter
-echo 10 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/probability
-echo 100 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/interval
-echo -1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/times
-echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/space
-echo 2 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/verbose
-echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/ignore-gfp-wait
-echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/ignore-gfp-highmem
-echo 10 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/stacktrace-depth
+    echo N > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/task-filter
+    echo 10 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/probability
+    echo 100 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/interval
+    echo -1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/times
+    echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/space
+    echo 2 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/verbose
+    echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/ignore-gfp-wait
+    echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/ignore-gfp-highmem
+    echo 10 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/stacktrace-depth
 
-trap "echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/probability" SIGINT SIGTERM EXIT
+    trap "echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/probability" SIGINT SIGTERM EXIT
 
-echo "Injecting errors into the module $module... (interrupt to stop)"
-sleep 1000000
+    echo "Injecting errors into the module $module... (interrupt to stop)"
+    sleep 1000000
 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-o Inject open_ctree error while btrfs mount
-
-#!/bin/bash
-
-rm -f testfile.img
-dd if=/dev/zero of=testfile.img bs=1M seek=1000 count=1
-DEVICE=$(losetup --show -f testfile.img)
-mkfs.btrfs -f $DEVICE
-mkdir -p tmpmnt
-
-FAILTYPE=fail_function
-FAILFUNC=open_ctree
-echo $FAILFUNC > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/inject
-echo -12 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/$FAILFUNC/retval
-echo N > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/task-filter
-echo 100 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/probability
-echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/interval
-echo -1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/times
-echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/space
-echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/verbose
-
-mount -t btrfs $DEVICE tmpmnt
-if [ $? -ne 0 ]
-then
+- Inject open_ctree error while btrfs mount::
+
+    #!/bin/bash
+
+    rm -f testfile.img
+    dd if=/dev/zero of=testfile.img bs=1M seek=1000 count=1
+    DEVICE=$(losetup --show -f testfile.img)
+    mkfs.btrfs -f $DEVICE
+    mkdir -p tmpmnt
+
+    FAILTYPE=fail_function
+    FAILFUNC=open_ctree
+    echo $FAILFUNC > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/inject
+    echo -12 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/$FAILFUNC/retval
+    echo N > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/task-filter
+    echo 100 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/probability
+    echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/interval
+    echo -1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/times
+    echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/space
+    echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/verbose
+
+    mount -t btrfs $DEVICE tmpmnt
+    if [ $? -ne 0 ]
+    then
 	echo "SUCCESS!"
-else
+    else
 	echo "FAILED!"
 	umount tmpmnt
-fi
+    fi
 
-echo > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/inject
+    echo > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/inject
 
-rmdir tmpmnt
-losetup -d $DEVICE
-rm testfile.img
+    rmdir tmpmnt
+    losetup -d $DEVICE
+    rm testfile.img
 
 
 Tool to run command with failslab or fail_page_alloc
@@ -354,43 +365,43 @@ see the following examples.
 Examples:
 
 Run a command "make -C tools/testing/selftests/ run_tests" with injecting slab
-allocation failure.
+allocation failure::
 
 	# ./tools/testing/fault-injection/failcmd.sh \
 		-- make -C tools/testing/selftests/ run_tests
 
 Same as above except to specify 100 times failures at most instead of one time
-at most by default.
+at most by default::
 
 	# ./tools/testing/fault-injection/failcmd.sh --times=100 \
 		-- make -C tools/testing/selftests/ run_tests
 
 Same as above except to inject page allocation failure instead of slab
-allocation failure.
+allocation failure::
 
 	# env FAILCMD_TYPE=fail_page_alloc \
 		./tools/testing/fault-injection/failcmd.sh --times=100 \
-                -- make -C tools/testing/selftests/ run_tests
+		-- make -C tools/testing/selftests/ run_tests
 
 Systematic faults using fail-nth
 ---------------------------------
 
 The following code systematically faults 0-th, 1-st, 2-nd and so on
-capabilities in the socketpair() system call.
-
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/socket.h>
-#include <sys/syscall.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-
-int main()
-{
+capabilities in the socketpair() system call::
+
+  #include <sys/types.h>
+  #include <sys/stat.h>
+  #include <sys/socket.h>
+  #include <sys/syscall.h>
+  #include <fcntl.h>
+  #include <unistd.h>
+  #include <string.h>
+  #include <stdlib.h>
+  #include <stdio.h>
+  #include <errno.h>
+
+  int main()
+  {
 	int i, err, res, fail_nth, fds[2];
 	char buf[128];
 
@@ -413,23 +424,23 @@ int main()
 			break;
 	}
 	return 0;
-}
-
-An example output:
-
-1-th fault Y: res=-1/23
-2-th fault Y: res=-1/23
-3-th fault Y: res=-1/12
-4-th fault Y: res=-1/12
-5-th fault Y: res=-1/23
-6-th fault Y: res=-1/23
-7-th fault Y: res=-1/23
-8-th fault Y: res=-1/12
-9-th fault Y: res=-1/12
-10-th fault Y: res=-1/12
-11-th fault Y: res=-1/12
-12-th fault Y: res=-1/12
-13-th fault Y: res=-1/12
-14-th fault Y: res=-1/12
-15-th fault Y: res=-1/12
-16-th fault N: res=0/12
+  }
+
+An example output::
+
+	1-th fault Y: res=-1/23
+	2-th fault Y: res=-1/23
+	3-th fault Y: res=-1/12
+	4-th fault Y: res=-1/12
+	5-th fault Y: res=-1/23
+	6-th fault Y: res=-1/23
+	7-th fault Y: res=-1/23
+	8-th fault Y: res=-1/12
+	9-th fault Y: res=-1/12
+	10-th fault Y: res=-1/12
+	11-th fault Y: res=-1/12
+	12-th fault Y: res=-1/12
+	13-th fault Y: res=-1/12
+	14-th fault Y: res=-1/12
+	15-th fault Y: res=-1/12
+	16-th fault N: res=0/12
diff --git a/Documentation/fault-injection/index.rst b/Documentation/fault-injection/index.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..92b5639ed07a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/fault-injection/index.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+:orphan:
+
+===============
+fault-injection
+===============
+
+.. toctree::
+    :maxdepth: 1
+
+    fault-injection
+    notifier-error-inject
+    nvme-fault-injection
+    provoke-crashes
+
+.. only::  subproject and html
+
+   Indices
+   =======
+
+   * :ref:`genindex`
diff --git a/Documentation/fault-injection/notifier-error-inject.txt b/Documentation/fault-injection/notifier-error-inject.rst
index e861d761de24..1668b6e48d3a 100644
--- a/Documentation/fault-injection/notifier-error-inject.txt
+++ b/Documentation/fault-injection/notifier-error-inject.rst
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ modules that can be used to test the following notifiers.
 PM notifier error injection module
 ----------------------------------
 This feature is controlled through debugfs interface
-/sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/pm/actions/<notifier event>/error
+
+  /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/pm/actions/<notifier event>/error
 
 Possible PM notifier events to be failed are:
 
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ Possible PM notifier events to be failed are:
  * PM_SUSPEND_PREPARE
  * PM_RESTORE_PREPARE
 
-Example: Inject PM suspend error (-12 = -ENOMEM)
+Example: Inject PM suspend error (-12 = -ENOMEM)::
 
 	# cd /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/pm/
 	# echo -12 > actions/PM_SUSPEND_PREPARE/error
@@ -32,14 +33,15 @@ Example: Inject PM suspend error (-12 = -ENOMEM)
 Memory hotplug notifier error injection module
 ----------------------------------------------
 This feature is controlled through debugfs interface
-/sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/memory/actions/<notifier event>/error
+
+  /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/memory/actions/<notifier event>/error
 
 Possible memory notifier events to be failed are:
 
  * MEM_GOING_ONLINE
  * MEM_GOING_OFFLINE
 
-Example: Inject memory hotplug offline error (-12 == -ENOMEM)
+Example: Inject memory hotplug offline error (-12 == -ENOMEM)::
 
 	# cd /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/memory
 	# echo -12 > actions/MEM_GOING_OFFLINE/error
@@ -49,7 +51,8 @@ Example: Inject memory hotplug offline error (-12 == -ENOMEM)
 powerpc pSeries reconfig notifier error injection module
 --------------------------------------------------------
 This feature is controlled through debugfs interface
-/sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/pSeries-reconfig/actions/<notifier event>/error
+
+  /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/pSeries-reconfig/actions/<notifier event>/error
 
 Possible pSeries reconfig notifier events to be failed are:
 
@@ -61,7 +64,8 @@ Possible pSeries reconfig notifier events to be failed are:
 Netdevice notifier error injection module
 ----------------------------------------------
 This feature is controlled through debugfs interface
-/sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/netdev/actions/<notifier event>/error
+
+  /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/netdev/actions/<notifier event>/error
 
 Netdevice notifier events which can be failed are:
 
@@ -75,7 +79,7 @@ Netdevice notifier events which can be failed are:
  * NETDEV_PRECHANGEUPPER
  * NETDEV_CHANGEUPPER
 
-Example: Inject netdevice mtu change error (-22 == -EINVAL)
+Example: Inject netdevice mtu change error (-22 == -EINVAL)::
 
 	# cd /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/netdev
 	# echo -22 > actions/NETDEV_CHANGEMTU/error
diff --git a/Documentation/fault-injection/nvme-fault-injection.rst b/Documentation/fault-injection/nvme-fault-injection.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..bbb1bf3e8650
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/fault-injection/nvme-fault-injection.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+NVMe Fault Injection
+====================
+Linux's fault injection framework provides a systematic way to support
+error injection via debugfs in the /sys/kernel/debug directory. When
+enabled, the default NVME_SC_INVALID_OPCODE with no retry will be
+injected into the nvme_end_request. Users can change the default status
+code and no retry flag via the debugfs. The list of Generic Command
+Status can be found in include/linux/nvme.h
+
+Following examples show how to inject an error into the nvme.
+
+First, enable CONFIG_FAULT_INJECTION_DEBUG_FS kernel config,
+recompile the kernel. After booting up the kernel, do the
+following.
+
+Example 1: Inject default status code with no retry
+---------------------------------------------------
+
+::
+
+  mount /dev/nvme0n1 /mnt
+  echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/nvme0n1/fault_inject/times
+  echo 100 > /sys/kernel/debug/nvme0n1/fault_inject/probability
+  cp a.file /mnt
+
+Expected Result::
+
+  cp: cannot stat ‘/mnt/a.file’: Input/output error
+
+Message from dmesg::
+
+  FAULT_INJECTION: forcing a failure.
+  name fault_inject, interval 1, probability 100, space 0, times 1
+  CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 4.15.0-rc8+ #2
+  Hardware name: innotek GmbH VirtualBox/VirtualBox,
+  BIOS VirtualBox 12/01/2006
+  Call Trace:
+    <IRQ>
+    dump_stack+0x5c/0x7d
+    should_fail+0x148/0x170
+    nvme_should_fail+0x2f/0x50 [nvme_core]
+    nvme_process_cq+0xe7/0x1d0 [nvme]
+    nvme_irq+0x1e/0x40 [nvme]
+    __handle_irq_event_percpu+0x3a/0x190
+    handle_irq_event_percpu+0x30/0x70
+    handle_irq_event+0x36/0x60
+    handle_fasteoi_irq+0x78/0x120
+    handle_irq+0xa7/0x130
+    ? tick_irq_enter+0xa8/0xc0
+    do_IRQ+0x43/0xc0
+    common_interrupt+0xa2/0xa2
+    </IRQ>
+  RIP: 0010:native_safe_halt+0x2/0x10
+  RSP: 0018:ffffffff82003e90 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: ffffffffffffffdd
+  RAX: ffffffff817a10c0 RBX: ffffffff82012480 RCX: 0000000000000000
+  RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000
+  RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 000000008e38ce64 R09: 0000000000000000
+  R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffffffff82012480
+  R13: ffffffff82012480 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
+    ? __sched_text_end+0x4/0x4
+    default_idle+0x18/0xf0
+    do_idle+0x150/0x1d0
+    cpu_startup_entry+0x6f/0x80
+    start_kernel+0x4c4/0x4e4
+    ? set_init_arg+0x55/0x55
+    secondary_startup_64+0xa5/0xb0
+    print_req_error: I/O error, dev nvme0n1, sector 9240
+  EXT4-fs error (device nvme0n1): ext4_find_entry:1436:
+  inode #2: comm cp: reading directory lblock 0
+
+Example 2: Inject default status code with retry
+------------------------------------------------
+
+::
+
+  mount /dev/nvme0n1 /mnt
+  echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/nvme0n1/fault_inject/times
+  echo 100 > /sys/kernel/debug/nvme0n1/fault_inject/probability
+  echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/nvme0n1/fault_inject/status
+  echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/nvme0n1/fault_inject/dont_retry
+
+  cp a.file /mnt
+
+Expected Result::
+
+  command success without error
+
+Message from dmesg::
+
+  FAULT_INJECTION: forcing a failure.
+  name fault_inject, interval 1, probability 100, space 0, times 1
+  CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Not tainted 4.15.0-rc8+ #4
+  Hardware name: innotek GmbH VirtualBox/VirtualBox, BIOS VirtualBox 12/01/2006
+  Call Trace:
+    <IRQ>
+    dump_stack+0x5c/0x7d
+    should_fail+0x148/0x170
+    nvme_should_fail+0x30/0x60 [nvme_core]
+    nvme_loop_queue_response+0x84/0x110 [nvme_loop]
+    nvmet_req_complete+0x11/0x40 [nvmet]
+    nvmet_bio_done+0x28/0x40 [nvmet]
+    blk_update_request+0xb0/0x310
+    blk_mq_end_request+0x18/0x60
+    flush_smp_call_function_queue+0x3d/0xf0
+    smp_call_function_single_interrupt+0x2c/0xc0
+    call_function_single_interrupt+0xa2/0xb0
+    </IRQ>
+  RIP: 0010:native_safe_halt+0x2/0x10
+  RSP: 0018:ffffc9000068bec0 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: ffffffffffffff04
+  RAX: ffffffff817a10c0 RBX: ffff88011a3c9680 RCX: 0000000000000000
+  RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000
+  RBP: 0000000000000001 R08: 000000008e38c131 R09: 0000000000000000
+  R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffff88011a3c9680
+  R13: ffff88011a3c9680 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
+    ? __sched_text_end+0x4/0x4
+    default_idle+0x18/0xf0
+    do_idle+0x150/0x1d0
+    cpu_startup_entry+0x6f/0x80
+    start_secondary+0x187/0x1e0
+    secondary_startup_64+0xa5/0xb0
diff --git a/Documentation/fault-injection/nvme-fault-injection.txt b/Documentation/fault-injection/nvme-fault-injection.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 8fbf3bf60b62..000000000000
--- a/Documentation/fault-injection/nvme-fault-injection.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
-NVMe Fault Injection
-====================
-Linux's fault injection framework provides a systematic way to support
-error injection via debugfs in the /sys/kernel/debug directory. When
-enabled, the default NVME_SC_INVALID_OPCODE with no retry will be
-injected into the nvme_end_request. Users can change the default status
-code and no retry flag via the debugfs. The list of Generic Command
-Status can be found in include/linux/nvme.h
-
-Following examples show how to inject an error into the nvme.
-
-First, enable CONFIG_FAULT_INJECTION_DEBUG_FS kernel config,
-recompile the kernel. After booting up the kernel, do the
-following.
-
-Example 1: Inject default status code with no retry
----------------------------------------------------
-
-mount /dev/nvme0n1 /mnt
-echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/nvme0n1/fault_inject/times
-echo 100 > /sys/kernel/debug/nvme0n1/fault_inject/probability
-cp a.file /mnt
-
-Expected Result:
-
-cp: cannot stat ‘/mnt/a.file’: Input/output error
-
-Message from dmesg:
-
-FAULT_INJECTION: forcing a failure.
-name fault_inject, interval 1, probability 100, space 0, times 1
-CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 4.15.0-rc8+ #2
-Hardware name: innotek GmbH VirtualBox/VirtualBox,
-BIOS VirtualBox 12/01/2006
-Call Trace:
-  <IRQ>
-  dump_stack+0x5c/0x7d
-  should_fail+0x148/0x170
-  nvme_should_fail+0x2f/0x50 [nvme_core]
-  nvme_process_cq+0xe7/0x1d0 [nvme]
-  nvme_irq+0x1e/0x40 [nvme]
-  __handle_irq_event_percpu+0x3a/0x190
-  handle_irq_event_percpu+0x30/0x70
-  handle_irq_event+0x36/0x60
-  handle_fasteoi_irq+0x78/0x120
-  handle_irq+0xa7/0x130
-  ? tick_irq_enter+0xa8/0xc0
-  do_IRQ+0x43/0xc0
-  common_interrupt+0xa2/0xa2
-  </IRQ>
-RIP: 0010:native_safe_halt+0x2/0x10
-RSP: 0018:ffffffff82003e90 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: ffffffffffffffdd
-RAX: ffffffff817a10c0 RBX: ffffffff82012480 RCX: 0000000000000000
-RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000
-RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 000000008e38ce64 R09: 0000000000000000
-R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffffffff82012480
-R13: ffffffff82012480 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
-  ? __sched_text_end+0x4/0x4
-  default_idle+0x18/0xf0
-  do_idle+0x150/0x1d0
-  cpu_startup_entry+0x6f/0x80
-  start_kernel+0x4c4/0x4e4
-  ? set_init_arg+0x55/0x55
-  secondary_startup_64+0xa5/0xb0
-  print_req_error: I/O error, dev nvme0n1, sector 9240
-EXT4-fs error (device nvme0n1): ext4_find_entry:1436:
-inode #2: comm cp: reading directory lblock 0
-
-Example 2: Inject default status code with retry
-------------------------------------------------
-
-mount /dev/nvme0n1 /mnt
-echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/nvme0n1/fault_inject/times
-echo 100 > /sys/kernel/debug/nvme0n1/fault_inject/probability
-echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/nvme0n1/fault_inject/status
-echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/nvme0n1/fault_inject/dont_retry
-
-cp a.file /mnt
-
-Expected Result:
-
-command success without error
-
-Message from dmesg:
-
-FAULT_INJECTION: forcing a failure.
-name fault_inject, interval 1, probability 100, space 0, times 1
-CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Not tainted 4.15.0-rc8+ #4
-Hardware name: innotek GmbH VirtualBox/VirtualBox, BIOS VirtualBox 12/01/2006
-Call Trace:
-  <IRQ>
-  dump_stack+0x5c/0x7d
-  should_fail+0x148/0x170
-  nvme_should_fail+0x30/0x60 [nvme_core]
-  nvme_loop_queue_response+0x84/0x110 [nvme_loop]
-  nvmet_req_complete+0x11/0x40 [nvmet]
-  nvmet_bio_done+0x28/0x40 [nvmet]
-  blk_update_request+0xb0/0x310
-  blk_mq_end_request+0x18/0x60
-  flush_smp_call_function_queue+0x3d/0xf0
-  smp_call_function_single_interrupt+0x2c/0xc0
-  call_function_single_interrupt+0xa2/0xb0
-  </IRQ>
-RIP: 0010:native_safe_halt+0x2/0x10
-RSP: 0018:ffffc9000068bec0 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: ffffffffffffff04
-RAX: ffffffff817a10c0 RBX: ffff88011a3c9680 RCX: 0000000000000000
-RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000
-RBP: 0000000000000001 R08: 000000008e38c131 R09: 0000000000000000
-R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffff88011a3c9680
-R13: ffff88011a3c9680 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
-  ? __sched_text_end+0x4/0x4
-  default_idle+0x18/0xf0
-  do_idle+0x150/0x1d0
-  cpu_startup_entry+0x6f/0x80
-  start_secondary+0x187/0x1e0
-  secondary_startup_64+0xa5/0xb0
diff --git a/Documentation/fault-injection/provoke-crashes.rst b/Documentation/fault-injection/provoke-crashes.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9279a3e12278
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/fault-injection/provoke-crashes.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+===============
+Provoke crashes
+===============
+
+The lkdtm module provides an interface to crash or injure the kernel at
+predefined crashpoints to evaluate the reliability of crash dumps obtained
+using different dumping solutions. The module uses KPROBEs to instrument
+crashing points, but can also crash the kernel directly without KRPOBE
+support.
+
+
+You can provide the way either through module arguments when inserting
+the module, or through a debugfs interface.
+
+Usage::
+
+	insmod lkdtm.ko [recur_count={>0}] cpoint_name=<> cpoint_type=<>
+			[cpoint_count={>0}]
+
+recur_count
+	Recursion level for the stack overflow test. Default is 10.
+
+cpoint_name
+	Crash point where the kernel is to be crashed. It can be
+	one of INT_HARDWARE_ENTRY, INT_HW_IRQ_EN, INT_TASKLET_ENTRY,
+	FS_DEVRW, MEM_SWAPOUT, TIMERADD, SCSI_DISPATCH_CMD,
+	IDE_CORE_CP, DIRECT
+
+cpoint_type
+	Indicates the action to be taken on hitting the crash point.
+	It can be one of PANIC, BUG, EXCEPTION, LOOP, OVERFLOW,
+	CORRUPT_STACK, UNALIGNED_LOAD_STORE_WRITE, OVERWRITE_ALLOCATION,
+	WRITE_AFTER_FREE,
+
+cpoint_count
+	Indicates the number of times the crash point is to be hit
+	to trigger an action. The default is 10.
+
+You can also induce failures by mounting debugfs and writing the type to
+<mountpoint>/provoke-crash/<crashpoint>. E.g.::
+
+  mount -t debugfs debugfs /mnt
+  echo EXCEPTION > /mnt/provoke-crash/INT_HARDWARE_ENTRY
+
+
+A special file is `DIRECT` which will induce the crash directly without
+KPROBE instrumentation. This mode is the only one available when the module
+is built on a kernel without KPROBEs support.
diff --git a/Documentation/fault-injection/provoke-crashes.txt b/Documentation/fault-injection/provoke-crashes.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 7a9d3d81525b..000000000000
--- a/Documentation/fault-injection/provoke-crashes.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-The lkdtm module provides an interface to crash or injure the kernel at
-predefined crashpoints to evaluate the reliability of crash dumps obtained
-using different dumping solutions. The module uses KPROBEs to instrument
-crashing points, but can also crash the kernel directly without KRPOBE
-support.
-
-
-You can provide the way either through module arguments when inserting
-the module, or through a debugfs interface.
-
-Usage: insmod lkdtm.ko [recur_count={>0}] cpoint_name=<> cpoint_type=<>
-				[cpoint_count={>0}]
-
-  recur_count : Recursion level for the stack overflow test. Default is 10.
-
-  cpoint_name : Crash point where the kernel is to be crashed. It can be
-	 one of INT_HARDWARE_ENTRY, INT_HW_IRQ_EN, INT_TASKLET_ENTRY,
-	 FS_DEVRW, MEM_SWAPOUT, TIMERADD, SCSI_DISPATCH_CMD,
-	 IDE_CORE_CP, DIRECT
-
-  cpoint_type : Indicates the action to be taken on hitting the crash point.
-     It can be one of PANIC, BUG, EXCEPTION, LOOP, OVERFLOW,
-     CORRUPT_STACK, UNALIGNED_LOAD_STORE_WRITE, OVERWRITE_ALLOCATION,
-     WRITE_AFTER_FREE,
-
-  cpoint_count : Indicates the number of times the crash point is to be hit
-    to trigger an action. The default is 10.
-
-You can also induce failures by mounting debugfs and writing the type to
-<mountpoint>/provoke-crash/<crashpoint>. E.g.,
-
-  mount -t debugfs debugfs /mnt
-  echo EXCEPTION > /mnt/provoke-crash/INT_HARDWARE_ENTRY
-
-
-A special file is `DIRECT' which will induce the crash directly without
-KPROBE instrumentation. This mode is the only one available when the module
-is built on a kernel without KPROBEs support.