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author | Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com> | 2016-09-21 15:51:11 +0300 |
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committer | Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com> | 2016-10-24 13:12:35 +0300 |
commit | 9d85025b0418163fae079c9ba8f8445212de8568 (patch) | |
tree | 4629e2dedf4a9ed45a6855c129101f9b52138372 /Documentation/dynamic-debug-howto.txt | |
parent | 186128f75392f8478ad1b32a675627d738881ca4 (diff) | |
download | linux-9d85025b0418163fae079c9ba8f8445212de8568.tar.xz |
docs-rst: create an user's manual book
Place README, REPORTING-BUGS, SecurityBugs and kernel-parameters
on an user's manual book.
As we'll be numbering the user's manual, remove the manual
numbering from SecurityBugs.
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/dynamic-debug-howto.txt')
-rw-r--r-- | Documentation/dynamic-debug-howto.txt | 353 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 353 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/dynamic-debug-howto.txt b/Documentation/dynamic-debug-howto.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 88adcfdf5b2b..000000000000 --- a/Documentation/dynamic-debug-howto.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,353 +0,0 @@ -Dynamic debug -+++++++++++++ - - -Introduction -============ - -This document describes how to use the dynamic debug (dyndbg) feature. - -Dynamic debug is designed to allow you to dynamically enable/disable -kernel code to obtain additional kernel information. Currently, if -``CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG`` is set, then all ``pr_debug()``/``dev_dbg()`` and -``print_hex_dump_debug()``/``print_hex_dump_bytes()`` calls can be dynamically -enabled per-callsite. - -If ``CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG`` is not set, ``print_hex_dump_debug()`` is just -shortcut for ``print_hex_dump(KERN_DEBUG)``. - -For ``print_hex_dump_debug()``/``print_hex_dump_bytes()``, format string is -its ``prefix_str`` argument, if it is constant string; or ``hexdump`` -in case ``prefix_str`` is build dynamically. - -Dynamic debug has even more useful features: - - * Simple query language allows turning on and off debugging - statements by matching any combination of 0 or 1 of: - - - source filename - - function name - - line number (including ranges of line numbers) - - module name - - format string - - * Provides a debugfs control file: ``<debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control`` - which can be read to display the complete list of known debug - statements, to help guide you - -Controlling dynamic debug Behaviour -=================================== - -The behaviour of ``pr_debug()``/``dev_dbg()`` are controlled via writing to a -control file in the 'debugfs' filesystem. Thus, you must first mount -the debugfs filesystem, in order to make use of this feature. -Subsequently, we refer to the control file as: -``<debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control``. For example, if you want to enable -printing from source file ``svcsock.c``, line 1603 you simply do:: - - nullarbor:~ # echo 'file svcsock.c line 1603 +p' > - <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - -If you make a mistake with the syntax, the write will fail thus:: - - nullarbor:~ # echo 'file svcsock.c wtf 1 +p' > - <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - -bash: echo: write error: Invalid argument - -Viewing Dynamic Debug Behaviour -=============================== - -You can view the currently configured behaviour of all the debug -statements via:: - - nullarbor:~ # cat <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - # filename:lineno [module]function flags format - /usr/src/packages/BUILD/sgi-enhancednfs-1.4/default/net/sunrpc/svc_rdma.c:323 [svcxprt_rdma]svc_rdma_cleanup =_ "SVCRDMA Module Removed, deregister RPC RDMA transport\012" - /usr/src/packages/BUILD/sgi-enhancednfs-1.4/default/net/sunrpc/svc_rdma.c:341 [svcxprt_rdma]svc_rdma_init =_ "\011max_inline : %d\012" - /usr/src/packages/BUILD/sgi-enhancednfs-1.4/default/net/sunrpc/svc_rdma.c:340 [svcxprt_rdma]svc_rdma_init =_ "\011sq_depth : %d\012" - /usr/src/packages/BUILD/sgi-enhancednfs-1.4/default/net/sunrpc/svc_rdma.c:338 [svcxprt_rdma]svc_rdma_init =_ "\011max_requests : %d\012" - ... - - -You can also apply standard Unix text manipulation filters to this -data, e.g.:: - - nullarbor:~ # grep -i rdma <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control | wc -l - 62 - - nullarbor:~ # grep -i tcp <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control | wc -l - 42 - -The third column shows the currently enabled flags for each debug -statement callsite (see below for definitions of the flags). The -default value, with no flags enabled, is ``=_``. So you can view all -the debug statement callsites with any non-default flags:: - - nullarbor:~ # awk '$3 != "=_"' <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - # filename:lineno [module]function flags format - /usr/src/packages/BUILD/sgi-enhancednfs-1.4/default/net/sunrpc/svcsock.c:1603 [sunrpc]svc_send p "svc_process: st_sendto returned %d\012" - -Command Language Reference -========================== - -At the lexical level, a command comprises a sequence of words separated -by spaces or tabs. So these are all equivalent:: - - nullarbor:~ # echo -c 'file svcsock.c line 1603 +p' > - <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - nullarbor:~ # echo -c ' file svcsock.c line 1603 +p ' > - <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'file svcsock.c line 1603 +p' > - <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - -Command submissions are bounded by a write() system call. -Multiple commands can be written together, separated by ``;`` or ``\n``:: - - ~# echo "func pnpacpi_get_resources +p; func pnp_assign_mem +p" \ - > <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - -If your query set is big, you can batch them too:: - - ~# cat query-batch-file > <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - -A another way is to use wildcard. The match rule support ``*`` (matches -zero or more characters) and ``?`` (matches exactly one character).For -example, you can match all usb drivers:: - - ~# echo "file drivers/usb/* +p" > <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - -At the syntactical level, a command comprises a sequence of match -specifications, followed by a flags change specification:: - - command ::= match-spec* flags-spec - -The match-spec's are used to choose a subset of the known pr_debug() -callsites to which to apply the flags-spec. Think of them as a query -with implicit ANDs between each pair. Note that an empty list of -match-specs will select all debug statement callsites. - -A match specification comprises a keyword, which controls the -attribute of the callsite to be compared, and a value to compare -against. Possible keywords are::: - - match-spec ::= 'func' string | - 'file' string | - 'module' string | - 'format' string | - 'line' line-range - - line-range ::= lineno | - '-'lineno | - lineno'-' | - lineno'-'lineno - - lineno ::= unsigned-int - -.. note:: - - ``line-range`` cannot contain space, e.g. - "1-30" is valid range but "1 - 30" is not. - - -The meanings of each keyword are: - -func - The given string is compared against the function name - of each callsite. Example:: - - func svc_tcp_accept - -file - The given string is compared against either the full pathname, the - src-root relative pathname, or the basename of the source file of - each callsite. Examples:: - - file svcsock.c - file kernel/freezer.c - file /usr/src/packages/BUILD/sgi-enhancednfs-1.4/default/net/sunrpc/svcsock.c - -module - The given string is compared against the module name - of each callsite. The module name is the string as - seen in ``lsmod``, i.e. without the directory or the ``.ko`` - suffix and with ``-`` changed to ``_``. Examples:: - - module sunrpc - module nfsd - -format - The given string is searched for in the dynamic debug format - string. Note that the string does not need to match the - entire format, only some part. Whitespace and other - special characters can be escaped using C octal character - escape ``\ooo`` notation, e.g. the space character is ``\040``. - Alternatively, the string can be enclosed in double quote - characters (``"``) or single quote characters (``'``). - Examples:: - - format svcrdma: // many of the NFS/RDMA server pr_debugs - format readahead // some pr_debugs in the readahead cache - format nfsd:\040SETATTR // one way to match a format with whitespace - format "nfsd: SETATTR" // a neater way to match a format with whitespace - format 'nfsd: SETATTR' // yet another way to match a format with whitespace - -line - The given line number or range of line numbers is compared - against the line number of each ``pr_debug()`` callsite. A single - line number matches the callsite line number exactly. A - range of line numbers matches any callsite between the first - and last line number inclusive. An empty first number means - the first line in the file, an empty line number means the - last number in the file. Examples:: - - line 1603 // exactly line 1603 - line 1600-1605 // the six lines from line 1600 to line 1605 - line -1605 // the 1605 lines from line 1 to line 1605 - line 1600- // all lines from line 1600 to the end of the file - -The flags specification comprises a change operation followed -by one or more flag characters. The change operation is one -of the characters:: - - - remove the given flags - + add the given flags - = set the flags to the given flags - -The flags are:: - - p enables the pr_debug() callsite. - f Include the function name in the printed message - l Include line number in the printed message - m Include module name in the printed message - t Include thread ID in messages not generated from interrupt context - _ No flags are set. (Or'd with others on input) - -For ``print_hex_dump_debug()`` and ``print_hex_dump_bytes()``, only ``p`` flag -have meaning, other flags ignored. - -For display, the flags are preceded by ``=`` -(mnemonic: what the flags are currently equal to). - -Note the regexp ``^[-+=][flmpt_]+$`` matches a flags specification. -To clear all flags at once, use ``=_`` or ``-flmpt``. - - -Debug messages during Boot Process -================================== - -To activate debug messages for core code and built-in modules during -the boot process, even before userspace and debugfs exists, use -``dyndbg="QUERY"``, ``module.dyndbg="QUERY"``, or ``ddebug_query="QUERY"`` -(``ddebug_query`` is obsoleted by ``dyndbg``, and deprecated). QUERY follows -the syntax described above, but must not exceed 1023 characters. Your -bootloader may impose lower limits. - -These ``dyndbg`` params are processed just after the ddebug tables are -processed, as part of the arch_initcall. Thus you can enable debug -messages in all code run after this arch_initcall via this boot -parameter. - -On an x86 system for example ACPI enablement is a subsys_initcall and:: - - dyndbg="file ec.c +p" - -will show early Embedded Controller transactions during ACPI setup if -your machine (typically a laptop) has an Embedded Controller. -PCI (or other devices) initialization also is a hot candidate for using -this boot parameter for debugging purposes. - -If ``foo`` module is not built-in, ``foo.dyndbg`` will still be processed at -boot time, without effect, but will be reprocessed when module is -loaded later. ``dyndbg_query=`` and bare ``dyndbg=`` are only processed at -boot. - - -Debug Messages at Module Initialization Time -============================================ - -When ``modprobe foo`` is called, modprobe scans ``/proc/cmdline`` for -``foo.params``, strips ``foo.``, and passes them to the kernel along with -params given in modprobe args or ``/etc/modprob.d/*.conf`` files, -in the following order: - -1. parameters given via ``/etc/modprobe.d/*.conf``:: - - options foo dyndbg=+pt - options foo dyndbg # defaults to +p - -2. ``foo.dyndbg`` as given in boot args, ``foo.`` is stripped and passed:: - - foo.dyndbg=" func bar +p; func buz +mp" - -3. args to modprobe:: - - modprobe foo dyndbg==pmf # override previous settings - -These ``dyndbg`` queries are applied in order, with last having final say. -This allows boot args to override or modify those from ``/etc/modprobe.d`` -(sensible, since 1 is system wide, 2 is kernel or boot specific), and -modprobe args to override both. - -In the ``foo.dyndbg="QUERY"`` form, the query must exclude ``module foo``. -``foo`` is extracted from the param-name, and applied to each query in -``QUERY``, and only 1 match-spec of each type is allowed. - -The ``dyndbg`` option is a "fake" module parameter, which means: - -- modules do not need to define it explicitly -- every module gets it tacitly, whether they use pr_debug or not -- it doesn't appear in ``/sys/module/$module/parameters/`` - To see it, grep the control file, or inspect ``/proc/cmdline.`` - -For ``CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG`` kernels, any settings given at boot-time (or -enabled by ``-DDEBUG`` flag during compilation) can be disabled later via -the sysfs interface if the debug messages are no longer needed:: - - echo "module module_name -p" > <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - -Examples -======== - -:: - - // enable the message at line 1603 of file svcsock.c - nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'file svcsock.c line 1603 +p' > - <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - - // enable all the messages in file svcsock.c - nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'file svcsock.c +p' > - <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - - // enable all the messages in the NFS server module - nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'module nfsd +p' > - <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - - // enable all 12 messages in the function svc_process() - nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'func svc_process +p' > - <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - - // disable all 12 messages in the function svc_process() - nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'func svc_process -p' > - <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - - // enable messages for NFS calls READ, READLINK, READDIR and READDIR+. - nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'format "nfsd: READ" +p' > - <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - - // enable messages in files of which the paths include string "usb" - nullarbor:~ # echo -n '*usb* +p' > <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - - // enable all messages - nullarbor:~ # echo -n '+p' > <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - - // add module, function to all enabled messages - nullarbor:~ # echo -n '+mf' > <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control - - // boot-args example, with newlines and comments for readability - Kernel command line: ... - // see whats going on in dyndbg=value processing - dynamic_debug.verbose=1 - // enable pr_debugs in 2 builtins, #cmt is stripped - dyndbg="module params +p #cmt ; module sys +p" - // enable pr_debugs in 2 functions in a module loaded later - pc87360.dyndbg="func pc87360_init_device +p; func pc87360_find +p" |