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authorLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2012-10-01 22:51:57 +0400
committerLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2012-10-01 22:51:57 +0400
commit81f56e5375e84689b891e0e6c5a02ec12a1f18d9 (patch)
treea1e128a71ff24fc705428df86a858076cfe4bc13 /Documentation/arm64/memory.txt
parent6c09931b3f987898f5c581d267ef269f5e2e9575 (diff)
parent27aa55c5e5123fa8b8ad0156559d34d7edff58ca (diff)
downloadlinux-81f56e5375e84689b891e0e6c5a02ec12a1f18d9.tar.xz
Merge tag 'arm64-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cmarinas/linux-aarch64
Pull arm64 support from Catalin Marinas: "Linux support for the 64-bit ARM architecture (AArch64) Features currently supported: - 39-bit address space for user and kernel (each) - 4KB and 64KB page configurations - Compat (32-bit) user applications (ARMv7, EABI only) - Flattened Device Tree (mandated for all AArch64 platforms) - ARM generic timers" * tag 'arm64-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cmarinas/linux-aarch64: (35 commits) arm64: ptrace: remove obsolete ptrace request numbers from user headers arm64: Do not set the SMP/nAMP processor bit arm64: MAINTAINERS update arm64: Build infrastructure arm64: Miscellaneous header files arm64: Generic timers support arm64: Loadable modules arm64: Miscellaneous library functions arm64: Performance counters support arm64: Add support for /proc/sys/debug/exception-trace arm64: Debugging support arm64: Floating point and SIMD arm64: 32-bit (compat) applications support arm64: User access library functions arm64: Signal handling support arm64: VDSO support arm64: System calls handling arm64: ELF definitions arm64: SMP support arm64: DMA mapping API ...
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+ Memory Layout on AArch64 Linux
+ ==============================
+
+Author: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
+Date : 20 February 2012
+
+This document describes the virtual memory layout used by the AArch64
+Linux kernel. The architecture allows up to 4 levels of translation
+tables with a 4KB page size and up to 3 levels with a 64KB page size.
+
+AArch64 Linux uses 3 levels of translation tables with the 4KB page
+configuration, allowing 39-bit (512GB) virtual addresses for both user
+and kernel. With 64KB pages, only 2 levels of translation tables are
+used but the memory layout is the same.
+
+User addresses have bits 63:39 set to 0 while the kernel addresses have
+the same bits set to 1. TTBRx selection is given by bit 63 of the
+virtual address. The swapper_pg_dir contains only kernel (global)
+mappings while the user pgd contains only user (non-global) mappings.
+The swapper_pgd_dir address is written to TTBR1 and never written to
+TTBR0.
+
+
+AArch64 Linux memory layout:
+
+Start End Size Use
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+0000000000000000 0000007fffffffff 512GB user
+
+ffffff8000000000 ffffffbbfffcffff ~240GB vmalloc
+
+ffffffbbfffd0000 ffffffbcfffdffff 64KB [guard page]
+
+ffffffbbfffe0000 ffffffbcfffeffff 64KB PCI I/O space
+
+ffffffbbffff0000 ffffffbcffffffff 64KB [guard page]
+
+ffffffbc00000000 ffffffbdffffffff 8GB vmemmap
+
+ffffffbe00000000 ffffffbffbffffff ~8GB [guard, future vmmemap]
+
+ffffffbffc000000 ffffffbfffffffff 64MB modules
+
+ffffffc000000000 ffffffffffffffff 256GB memory
+
+
+Translation table lookup with 4KB pages:
+
++--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
+|63 56|55 48|47 40|39 32|31 24|23 16|15 8|7 0|
++--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
+ | | | | | |
+ | | | | | v
+ | | | | | [11:0] in-page offset
+ | | | | +-> [20:12] L3 index
+ | | | +-----------> [29:21] L2 index
+ | | +---------------------> [38:30] L1 index
+ | +-------------------------------> [47:39] L0 index (not used)
+ +-------------------------------------------------> [63] TTBR0/1
+
+
+Translation table lookup with 64KB pages:
+
++--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
+|63 56|55 48|47 40|39 32|31 24|23 16|15 8|7 0|
++--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
+ | | | | |
+ | | | | v
+ | | | | [15:0] in-page offset
+ | | | +----------> [28:16] L3 index
+ | | +--------------------------> [41:29] L2 index (only 38:29 used)
+ | +-------------------------------> [47:42] L1 index (not used)
+ +-------------------------------------------------> [63] TTBR0/1