kernel/linux.git/tools/objtool/Documentation, branch v6.12.80

x86/alternatives, kvm: Fix a couple of CALLs without a frame pointer

2024-07-01T10:41:11+00:00

objtool complains: arch/x86/kvm/kvm.o: warning: objtool: .altinstr_replacement+0xc5: call without frame pointer save/setup vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: .altinstr_replacement+0x2eb: call without frame pointer save/setup Make sure %rSP is an output operand to the respective asm() statements. The test_cc() hunk and ALT_OUTPUT_SP() courtesy of peterz. Also from him add some helpful debugging info to the documentation. Now on to the explanations: tl;dr: The alternatives macros are pretty fragile. If I do ALT_OUTPUT_SP(output) in order to be able to package in a %rsp reference for objtool so that a stack frame gets properly generated, the inline asm input operand with positional argument 0 in clear_page(): "0" (page) gets "renumbered" due to the added : "+r" (current_stack_pointer), "=D" (page) and then gcc says: ./arch/x86/include/asm/page_64.h:53:9: error: inconsistent operand constraints in an ‘asm’ The fix is to use an explicit "D" constraint which points to a singleton register class (gcc terminology) which ends up doing what is expected here: the page pointer - input and output - should be in the same %rdi register. Other register classes have more than one register in them - example: "r" and "=r" or "A": ‘A’ The ‘a’ and ‘d’ registers. This class is used for instructions that return double word results in the ‘ax:dx’ register pair. Single word values will be allocated either in ‘ax’ or ‘dx’. so using "D" and "=D" just works in this particular case. And yes, one would say, sure, why don't you do "+D" but then: : "+r" (current_stack_pointer), "+D" (page) : [old] "i" (clear_page_orig), [new1] "i" (clear_page_rep), [new2] "i" (clear_page_erms), : "cc", "memory", "rax", "rcx") now find the Waldo^Wcomma which throws a wrench into all this. Because that silly macro has an "input..." consume-all last macro arg and in it, one is supposed to supply input *and* clobbers, leading to silly syntax snafus. Yap, they need to be cleaned up, one fine day... Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202406141648.jO9qNGLa-lkp@intel.com/ Reported-by: kernel test robot Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) Acked-by: Sean Christopherson Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240625112056.GDZnqoGDXgYuWBDUwu@fat_crate.local

objtool: Move noreturn function list to separate file

2023-05-16T13:31:55+00:00

This makes it a little cleaner and easier to maintain. Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra Reviewed-by: Miroslav Benes Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/cecacf07a69a244c74474c18b7652627de67a528.1681853186.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf

objtool: Detect missing __noreturn annotations

2023-05-16T13:31:53+00:00

Most "unreachable instruction" warnings these days seem to actually be the result of a missing __noreturn annotation. Add an explicit check for that. Reviewed-by: Miroslav Benes Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/6e2b93d8c65eaed6c4166a358269dc0ef01f890c.1681853186.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf

objtool: Include backtrace in verbose mode

2023-05-16T13:31:52+00:00

Include backtrace in verbose mode. This makes it easy to gather all the information needed for diagnosing objtool warnings. Reviewed-by: Miroslav Benes Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/c255224fabcf7e64bac232fec1c77c9fc2d7d7ab.1681853186.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf

objtool: Add verbose option for disassembling affected functions

2023-05-16T13:31:51+00:00

When a warning is associated with a function, add an option to disassemble that function. This makes it easier for reporters to submit the information needed to diagnose objtool warnings. Reviewed-by: Miroslav Benes Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/dd0fe13428ede186f09c74059a8001f4adcea5fc.1681853186.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf

docs: move x86 documentation into Documentation/arch/

2023-03-30T18:58:51+00:00

Move the x86 documentation under Documentation/arch/ as a way of cleaning up the top-level directory and making the structure of our docs more closely match the structure of the source directories it describes. All in-kernel references to the old paths have been updated. Acked-by: Dave Hansen Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org Cc: x86@kernel.org Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Thomas Gleixner Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20230315211523.108836-1-corbet@lwn.net/ Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet

objtool: Check that module init/exit function is an indirect call target

2023-01-21T09:50:18+00:00

Some out-of-tree modules still do not use module_init() / module_exit() macros and simply create functions with magic names init_module() and cleanup_module() instead. As a result, these functions are not recognized as indirect call targets by objtool and such module fails to load into an IBT enabled kernel. This old way is not even documented any more but it is cleaner to issue a warning than to let the module fail on load without obvious reason. Signed-off-by: Michal Kubecek Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230118105215.B9DA960514@lion.mk-sys.cz

objtool: Update documentation

2022-04-22T10:32:05+00:00

The objtool documentation is very stack validation centric. Broaden the documentation and describe all the features objtool supports. Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Reviewed-by: Miroslav Benes Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/b6a84d301d9f73ec6725752654097f4e31fa1b69.1650300597.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com

objtool: Support stack layout changes in alternatives

2021-01-14T15:53:54+00:00

The ORC unwinder showed a warning [1] which revealed the stack layout didn't match what was expected. The problem was that paravirt patching had replaced "CALL *pv_ops.irq.save_fl" with "PUSHF;POP". That changed the stack layout between the PUSHF and the POP, so unwinding from an interrupt which occurred between those two instructions would fail. Part of the agreed upon solution was to rework the custom paravirt patching code to use alternatives instead, since objtool already knows how to read alternatives (and converging runtime patching infrastructure is always a good thing anyway). But the main problem still remains, which is that runtime patching can change the stack layout. Making stack layout changes in alternatives was disallowed with commit 7117f16bf460 ("objtool: Fix ORC vs alternatives"), but now that paravirt is going to be doing it, it needs to be supported. One way to do so would be to modify the ORC table when the code gets patched. But ORC is simple -- a good thing! -- and it's best to leave it alone. Instead, support stack layout changes by "flattening" all possible stack states (CFI) from parallel alternative code streams into a single set of linear states. The only necessary limitation is that CFI conflicts are disallowed at all possible instruction boundaries. For example, this scenario is allowed: Alt1 Alt2 Alt3 0x00 CALL *pv_ops.save_fl CALL xen_save_fl PUSHF 0x01 POP %RAX 0x02 NOP ... 0x05 NOP ... 0x07 The unwind information for offset-0x00 is identical for all 3 alternatives. Similarly offset-0x05 and higher also are identical (and the same as 0x00). However offset-0x01 has deviating CFI, but that is only relevant for Alt3, neither of the other alternative instruction streams will ever hit that offset. This scenario is NOT allowed: Alt1 Alt2 0x00 CALL *pv_ops.save_fl PUSHF 0x01 NOP6 ... 0x07 NOP POP %RAX The problem here is that offset-0x7, which is an instruction boundary in both possible instruction patch streams, has two conflicting stack layouts. [ The above examples were stolen from Peter Zijlstra. ] The new flattened CFI array is used both for the detection of conflicts (like the second example above) and the generation of linear ORC entries. BTW, another benefit of these changes is that, thanks to some related cleanups (new fake nops and alt_group struct) objtool can finally be rid of fake jumps, which were a constant source of headaches. [1] https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201111170536.arx2zbn4ngvjoov7@treble Cc: Shinichiro Kawasaki Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf

objtool: Add support for intra-function calls

2020-04-30T18:14:33+00:00

Change objtool to support intra-function calls. On x86, an intra-function call is represented in objtool as a push onto the stack (of the return address), and a jump to the destination address. That way the stack information is correctly updated and the call flow is still accurate. Signed-off-by: Alexandre Chartre Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Reviewed-by: Miroslav Benes Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200414103618.12657-4-alexandre.chartre@oracle.com