<feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom'>
<title>kernel/linux.git/security/apparmor, branch v4.14.45</title>
<subtitle>Linux kernel stable tree (mirror)</subtitle>
<id>https://git.radix-linux.su/kernel/linux.git/atom?h=v4.14.45</id>
<link rel='self' href='https://git.radix-linux.su/kernel/linux.git/atom?h=v4.14.45'/>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.radix-linux.su/kernel/linux.git/'/>
<updated>2018-04-19T06:56:18+00:00</updated>
<entry>
<title>apparmor: fix resource audit messages when auditing peer</title>
<updated>2018-04-19T06:56:18+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>John Johansen</name>
<email>john.johansen@canonical.com</email>
</author>
<published>2018-02-09T12:57:39+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.radix-linux.su/kernel/linux.git/commit/?id=54b990ede4c36c1dee566f24fac12973e30f6042'/>
<id>urn:sha1:54b990ede4c36c1dee566f24fac12973e30f6042</id>
<content type='text'>
commit b5beb07ad32ab533027aa988d96a44965ec116f7 upstream.

Resource auditing is using the peer field which is not available
when the rlim data struct is used, because it is a different element
of the same union. Accessing peer during resource auditing could
cause garbage log entries or even oops the kernel.

Move the rlim data block into the same struct as the peer field
so they can be used together.

CC: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Fixes: 86b92cb782b3 ("apparmor: move resource checks to using labels")
Signed-off-by: John Johansen &lt;john.johansen@canonical.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;

</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>apparmor: fix display of .ns_name for containers</title>
<updated>2018-04-19T06:56:18+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>John Johansen</name>
<email>john.johansen@canonical.com</email>
</author>
<published>2018-01-23T09:47:42+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.radix-linux.su/kernel/linux.git/commit/?id=a0358f60528384789429dc149127a527eb2ae23c'/>
<id>urn:sha1:a0358f60528384789429dc149127a527eb2ae23c</id>
<content type='text'>
commit 040d9e2bce0a5b321c402b79ee43a8e8d2fd3b06 upstream.

The .ns_name should not be virtualized by the current ns view. It
needs to report the ns base name as that is being used during startup
as part of determining apparmor policy namespace support.

BugLink: http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1746463
Fixes: d9f02d9c237aa ("apparmor: fix display of ns name")
Cc: Stable &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Reported-by: Serge Hallyn &lt;serge@hallyn.com&gt;
Tested-by: Serge Hallyn &lt;serge@hallyn.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: John Johansen &lt;john.johansen@canonical.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;

</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>apparmor: fix logging of the existence test for signals</title>
<updated>2018-04-19T06:56:18+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>John Johansen</name>
<email>john.johansen@canonical.com</email>
</author>
<published>2018-02-01T10:24:10+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.radix-linux.su/kernel/linux.git/commit/?id=1d0d8beb35cd5ae375c5192ba01794594688e248'/>
<id>urn:sha1:1d0d8beb35cd5ae375c5192ba01794594688e248</id>
<content type='text'>
commit 98cf5bbff413eadf1b9cb195a7b80cc61c72a50e upstream.

The existence test is not being properly logged as the signal mapping
maps it to the last entry in the named signal table. This is done
to help catch bugs by making the 0 mapped signal value invalid so
that we can catch the signal value not being filled in.

When fixing the off-by-one comparision logic the reporting of the
existence test was broken, because the logic behind the mapped named
table was hidden. Fix this by adding a define for the name lookup
and using it.

Cc: Stable &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Fixes: f7dc4c9a855a1 ("apparmor: fix off-by-one comparison on MAXMAPPED_SIG")
Signed-off-by: John Johansen &lt;john.johansen@canonical.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;

</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>apparmor: fix ptrace label match when matching stacked labels</title>
<updated>2018-01-17T08:45:27+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>John Johansen</name>
<email>john.johansen@canonical.com</email>
</author>
<published>2017-12-09T01:43:18+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.radix-linux.su/kernel/linux.git/commit/?id=233363fd02c5fffdfd0be305b70adbbe661d22cf'/>
<id>urn:sha1:233363fd02c5fffdfd0be305b70adbbe661d22cf</id>
<content type='text'>
commit 0dda0b3fb255048a221f736c8a2a24c674da8bf3 upstream.

Given a label with a profile stack of
  A//&amp;B or A//&amp;C ...

A ptrace rule should be able to specify a generic trace pattern with
a rule like

  ptrace trace A//&amp;**,

however this is failing because while the correct label match routine
is called, it is being done post label decomposition so it is always
being done against a profile instead of the stacked label.

To fix this refactor the cross check to pass the full peer label in to
the label_match.

Fixes: 290f458a4f16 ("apparmor: allow ptrace checks to be finer grained than just capability")
Reported-by: Matthew Garrett &lt;mjg59@google.com&gt;
Tested-by: Matthew Garrett &lt;mjg59@google.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: John Johansen &lt;john.johansen@canonical.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;

</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>apparmor: fix regression in mount mediation when feature set is pinned</title>
<updated>2018-01-10T08:31:22+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>John Johansen</name>
<email>john.johansen@canonical.com</email>
</author>
<published>2017-12-07T08:28:27+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.radix-linux.su/kernel/linux.git/commit/?id=f5edee88ad430356e5c6b1c309782cce3f736272'/>
<id>urn:sha1:f5edee88ad430356e5c6b1c309782cce3f736272</id>
<content type='text'>
commit 5b9f57cf47b87f07210875d6a24776b4496b818d upstream.

When the mount code was refactored for Labels it was not correctly
updated to check whether policy supported mediation of the mount
class.  This causes a regression when the kernel feature set is
reported as supporting mount and policy is pinned to a feature set
that does not support mount mediation.

BugLink: https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=882697#41
Fixes: 2ea3ffb7782a ("apparmor: add mount mediation")
Reported-by: Fabian Grünbichler &lt;f.gruenbichler@proxmox.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: John Johansen &lt;john.johansen@canonical.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;

</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>apparmor: fix leak of null profile name if profile allocation fails</title>
<updated>2017-12-14T08:53:06+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>John Johansen</name>
<email>john.johansen@canonical.com</email>
</author>
<published>2017-11-15T23:25:30+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.radix-linux.su/kernel/linux.git/commit/?id=897088926c3477ef8d3d299473a2777dd9d1c9cb'/>
<id>urn:sha1:897088926c3477ef8d3d299473a2777dd9d1c9cb</id>
<content type='text'>
[ Upstream commit 4633307e5ed6128975595df43f796a10c41d11c1 ]

Fixes: d07881d2edb0 ("apparmor: move new_null_profile to after profile lookup fns()")
Reported-by: Seth Arnold &lt;seth.arnold@canonical.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: John Johansen &lt;john.johansen@canonical.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;alexander.levin@verizon.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>apparmor: fix oops in audit_signal_cb hook</title>
<updated>2017-12-05T10:26:31+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>John Johansen</name>
<email>john.johansen@canonical.com</email>
</author>
<published>2017-11-22T15:33:38+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.radix-linux.su/kernel/linux.git/commit/?id=69af22696bc737dfe3444d2ece5db000fbff5c35'/>
<id>urn:sha1:69af22696bc737dfe3444d2ece5db000fbff5c35</id>
<content type='text'>
commit b12cbb21586277f72533769832c24cc6c1d60ab3 upstream.

The apparmor_audit_data struct ordering got messed up during a merge
conflict, resulting in the signal integer and peer pointer being in
a union instead of a struct.

For most of the 4.13 and 4.14 life cycle, this was hidden by
commit 651e28c5537a ("apparmor: add base infastructure for socket
mediation") which fixed the apparmor_audit_data struct when its data
was added. When that commit was reverted in -rc7 the signal audit bug
was exposed, and unfortunately it never showed up in any of the
testing until after 4.14 was released. Shaun Khan, Zephaniah
E. Loss-Cutler-Hull filed nearly simultaneous bug reports (with
different oopes, the smaller of which is included below).

Full credit goes to Tetsuo Handa for jumping on this as well and
noticing the audit data struct problem and reporting it.

[   76.178568] BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at
ffffffff0eee3bc0
[   76.178579] IP: audit_signal_cb+0x6c/0xe0
[   76.178581] PGD 1a640a067 P4D 1a640a067 PUD 0
[   76.178586] Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP
[   76.178589] Modules linked in: fuse rfcomm bnep usblp uvcvideo btusb
btrtl btbcm btintel bluetooth ecdh_generic ip6table_filter ip6_tables
xt_tcpudp nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_defrag_ipv4 xt_conntrack nf_conntrack
iptable_filter ip_tables x_tables intel_rapl joydev wmi_bmof serio_raw
iwldvm iwlwifi shpchp kvm_intel kvm irqbypass autofs4 algif_skcipher
nls_iso8859_1 nls_cp437 crc32_pclmul ghash_clmulni_intel
[   76.178620] CPU: 0 PID: 10675 Comm: pidgin Not tainted
4.14.0-f1-dirty #135
[   76.178623] Hardware name: Hewlett-Packard HP EliteBook Folio
9470m/18DF, BIOS 68IBD Ver. F.62 10/22/2015
[   76.178625] task: ffff9c7a94c31dc0 task.stack: ffffa09b02a4c000
[   76.178628] RIP: 0010:audit_signal_cb+0x6c/0xe0
[   76.178631] RSP: 0018:ffffa09b02a4fc08 EFLAGS: 00010292
[   76.178634] RAX: ffffa09b02a4fd60 RBX: ffff9c7aee0741f8 RCX:
0000000000000000
[   76.178636] RDX: ffffffffee012290 RSI: 0000000000000006 RDI:
ffff9c7a9493d800
[   76.178638] RBP: ffffa09b02a4fd40 R08: 000000000000004d R09:
ffffa09b02a4fc46
[   76.178641] R10: ffffa09b02a4fcb8 R11: ffff9c7ab44f5072 R12:
ffffa09b02a4fd40
[   76.178643] R13: ffffffff9e447be0 R14: ffff9c7a94c31dc0 R15:
0000000000000001
[   76.178646] FS:  00007f8b11ba2a80(0000) GS:ffff9c7afea00000(0000)
knlGS:0000000000000000
[   76.178648] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[   76.178650] CR2: ffffffff0eee3bc0 CR3: 00000003d5209002 CR4:
00000000001606f0
[   76.178652] Call Trace:
[   76.178660]  common_lsm_audit+0x1da/0x780
[   76.178665]  ? d_absolute_path+0x60/0x90
[   76.178669]  ? aa_check_perms+0xcd/0xe0
[   76.178672]  aa_check_perms+0xcd/0xe0
[   76.178675]  profile_signal_perm.part.0+0x90/0xa0
[   76.178679]  aa_may_signal+0x16e/0x1b0
[   76.178686]  apparmor_task_kill+0x51/0x120
[   76.178690]  security_task_kill+0x44/0x60
[   76.178695]  group_send_sig_info+0x25/0x60
[   76.178699]  kill_pid_info+0x36/0x60
[   76.178703]  SYSC_kill+0xdb/0x180
[   76.178707]  ? preempt_count_sub+0x92/0xd0
[   76.178712]  ? _raw_write_unlock_irq+0x13/0x30
[   76.178716]  ? task_work_run+0x6a/0x90
[   76.178720]  ? exit_to_usermode_loop+0x80/0xa0
[   76.178723]  entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x13/0x94
[   76.178727] RIP: 0033:0x7f8b0e58b767
[   76.178729] RSP: 002b:00007fff19efd4d8 EFLAGS: 00000206 ORIG_RAX:
000000000000003e
[   76.178732] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000557f3e3c2050 RCX:
00007f8b0e58b767
[   76.178735] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI:
000000000000263b
[   76.178737] RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 0000557f3e3c2270 R09:
0000000000000001
[   76.178739] R10: 000000000000022d R11: 0000000000000206 R12:
0000000000000000
[   76.178741] R13: 0000000000000001 R14: 0000557f3e3c13c0 R15:
0000000000000000
[   76.178745] Code: 48 8b 55 18 48 89 df 41 b8 20 00 08 01 5b 5d 48 8b
42 10 48 8b 52 30 48 63 48 4c 48 8b 44 c8 48 31 c9 48 8b 70 38 e9 f4 fd
00 00 &lt;48&gt; 8b 14 d5 40 27 e5 9e 48 c7 c6 7d 07 19 9f 48 89 df e8 fd 35
[   76.178794] RIP: audit_signal_cb+0x6c/0xe0 RSP: ffffa09b02a4fc08
[   76.178796] CR2: ffffffff0eee3bc0
[   76.178799] ---[ end trace 514af9529297f1a3 ]---

Fixes: cd1dbf76b23d ("apparmor: add the ability to mediate signals")
Reported-by: Zephaniah E. Loss-Cutler-Hull &lt;warp-spam_kernel@aehallh.com&gt;
Reported-by: Shuah Khan &lt;shuahkh@osg.samsung.com&gt;
Suggested-by: Tetsuo Handa &lt;penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp&gt;
Tested-by: Ivan Kozik &lt;ivan@ludios.org&gt;
Tested-by: Zephaniah E. Loss-Cutler-Hull &lt;warp-spam_kernel@aehallh.com&gt;
Tested-by: Christian Boltz &lt;apparmor@cboltz.de&gt;
Tested-by: Shuah Khan &lt;shuahkh@osg.samsung.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: John Johansen &lt;john.johansen@canonical.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;

</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>apparmor: fix off-by-one comparison on MAXMAPPED_SIG</title>
<updated>2017-11-08T18:56:22+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>John Johansen</name>
<email>john.johansen@canonical.com</email>
</author>
<published>2017-11-08T16:09:52+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.radix-linux.su/kernel/linux.git/commit/?id=f7dc4c9a855a13dbb33294c9fc94f17af03f6291'/>
<id>urn:sha1:f7dc4c9a855a13dbb33294c9fc94f17af03f6291</id>
<content type='text'>
This came in yesterday, and I have verified our regression tests
were missing this and it can cause an oops. Please apply.

There is a an off-by-one comparision on sig against MAXMAPPED_SIG
that can lead to a read outside the sig_map array if sig
is MAXMAPPED_SIG. Fix this.

Verified that the check is an out of bounds case that can cause an oops.

Revised: add comparison fix to second case
Fixes: cd1dbf76b23d ("apparmor: add the ability to mediate signals")
Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King &lt;colin.king@canonical.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: John Johansen &lt;john.johansen@canonical.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Merge tag 'spdx_identifiers-4.14-rc8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core</title>
<updated>2017-11-02T17:04:46+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Linus Torvalds</name>
<email>torvalds@linux-foundation.org</email>
</author>
<published>2017-11-02T17:04:46+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.radix-linux.su/kernel/linux.git/commit/?id=ead751507de86d90fa250431e9990a8b881f713c'/>
<id>urn:sha1:ead751507de86d90fa250431e9990a8b881f713c</id>
<content type='text'>
Pull initial SPDX identifiers from Greg KH:
 "License cleanup: add SPDX license identifiers to some files

  Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
  makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

  By default all files without license information are under the default
  license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

  Update the files which contain no license information with the
  'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally
  binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate
  text.

  This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart
  and Philippe Ombredanne.

  How this work was done:

  Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset
  of the use cases:

   - file had no licensing information it it.

   - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,

   - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

  Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
  where non-standard license headers were used, and references to
  license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

  The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied
  to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of
  the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode &amp; Windriver)
  producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.
  Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review
  of a few 1000 files.

  The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537
  files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the
  scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license
  identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any
  determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with
  the Linux Foundation.

  Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:

   - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.

   - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained
     &gt;5 lines of source

   - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if &lt;5
     lines).

  All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

  The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
  identifiers to apply.

   - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
     considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
     COPYING file license applied.

     For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

       SPDX license identifier                            # files
       ---------------------------------------------------|-------
       GPL-2.0                                              11139

     and resulted in the first patch in this series.

     If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
     Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that
     was:

       SPDX license identifier                            # files
       ---------------------------------------------------|-------
       GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

     and resulted in the second patch in this series.

   - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
     of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
     any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
     it (per prior point). Results summary:

       SPDX license identifier                            # files
       ---------------------------------------------------|------
       GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
       GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
       ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
       ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
       LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
       GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
       ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
       LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
       LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
       ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
       ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

     and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

   - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that
     became the concluded license(s).

   - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected
     a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
     licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

   - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
     resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply
     (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

   - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
     confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

   - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
     the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
     in time.

  In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
  spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
  source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases,
  confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

  Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
  FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
  disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.
  The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in
  part, so they are related.

  Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
  for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
  files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot
  checks in about 15000 files.

  In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
  copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect
  the correct identifier.

  Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
  inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial
  patch version early this week with:

   - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
     license ids and scores

   - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
     files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct

   - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch
     license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the
     applied SPDX license was correct

  This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
  worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
  different types of files to be modified.

  These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
  parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
  format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
  based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
  distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
  comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
  generate the patches.

  Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart &lt;kstewart@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
  Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne &lt;pombredanne@nexb.com&gt;
  Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
  Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;"

* tag 'spdx_identifiers-4.14-rc8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core:
  License cleanup: add SPDX license identifier to uapi header files with a license
  License cleanup: add SPDX license identifier to uapi header files with no license
  License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license</title>
<updated>2017-11-02T10:10:55+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Greg Kroah-Hartman</name>
<email>gregkh@linuxfoundation.org</email>
</author>
<published>2017-11-01T14:07:57+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.radix-linux.su/kernel/linux.git/commit/?id=b24413180f5600bcb3bb70fbed5cf186b60864bd'/>
<id>urn:sha1:b24413180f5600bcb3bb70fbed5cf186b60864bd</id>
<content type='text'>
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode &amp; Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained &gt;5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if &lt;5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart &lt;kstewart@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne &lt;pombredanne@nexb.com&gt;
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
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