kernel/linux.git/mm/vmstat.c, branch v6.1.168

vmstat: call fold_vm_zone_numa_events() before show per zone NUMA event

2024-12-14T18:54:13+00:00

commit 2ea80b039b9af0b71c00378523b71c254fb99c23 upstream. Since 5.14-rc1, NUMA events will only be folded from per-CPU statistics to per zone and global statistics when the user actually needs it. Currently, the kernel has performs the fold operation when reading /proc/vmstat, but does not perform the fold operation in /proc/zoneinfo. This can lead to inaccuracies in the following statistics in zoneinfo: - numa_hit - numa_miss - numa_foreign - numa_interleave - numa_local - numa_other Therefore, before printing per-zone vm_numa_event when reading /proc/zoneinfo, we should also perform the fold operation. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1730433998-10461-1-git-send-email-mengensun@tencent.com Fixes: f19298b9516c ("mm/vmstat: convert NUMA statistics to basic NUMA counters") Signed-off-by: MengEn Sun Reviewed-by: JinLiang Zheng Cc: Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

Merge tag 'mm-stable-2022-10-08' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm

2022-10-11T00:53:04+00:00

Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton: - Yu Zhao's Multi-Gen LRU patches are here. They've been under test in linux-next for a couple of months without, to my knowledge, any negative reports (or any positive ones, come to that). - Also the Maple Tree from Liam Howlett. An overlapping range-based tree for vmas. It it apparently slightly more efficient in its own right, but is mainly targeted at enabling work to reduce mmap_lock contention. Liam has identified a number of other tree users in the kernel which could be beneficially onverted to mapletrees. Yu Zhao has identified a hard-to-hit but "easy to fix" lockdep splat at [1]. This has yet to be addressed due to Liam's unfortunately timed vacation. He is now back and we'll get this fixed up. - Dmitry Vyukov introduces KMSAN: the Kernel Memory Sanitizer. It uses clang-generated instrumentation to detect used-unintialized bugs down to the single bit level. KMSAN keeps finding bugs. New ones, as well as the legacy ones. - Yang Shi adds a userspace mechanism (madvise) to induce a collapse of memory into THPs. - Zach O'Keefe has expanded Yang Shi's madvise(MADV_COLLAPSE) to support file/shmem-backed pages. - userfaultfd updates from Axel Rasmussen - zsmalloc cleanups from Alexey Romanov - cleanups from Miaohe Lin: vmscan, hugetlb_cgroup, hugetlb and memory-failure - Huang Ying adds enhancements to NUMA balancing memory tiering mode's page promotion, with a new way of detecting hot pages. - memcg updates from Shakeel Butt: charging optimizations and reduced memory consumption. - memcg cleanups from Kairui Song. - memcg fixes and cleanups from Johannes Weiner. - Vishal Moola provides more folio conversions - Zhang Yi removed ll_rw_block() :( - migration enhancements from Peter Xu - migration error-path bugfixes from Huang Ying - Aneesh Kumar added ability for a device driver to alter the memory tiering promotion paths. For optimizations by PMEM drivers, DRM drivers, etc. - vma merging improvements from Jakub Matěn. - NUMA hinting cleanups from David Hildenbrand. - xu xin added aditional userspace visibility into KSM merging activity. - THP & KSM code consolidation from Qi Zheng. - more folio work from Matthew Wilcox. - KASAN updates from Andrey Konovalov. - DAMON cleanups from Kaixu Xia. - DAMON work from SeongJae Park: fixes, cleanups. - hugetlb sysfs cleanups from Muchun Song. - Mike Kravetz fixes locking issues in hugetlbfs and in hugetlb core. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/CAOUHufZabH85CeUN-MEMgL8gJGzJEWUrkiM58JkTbBhh-jew0Q@mail.gmail.com [1] * tag 'mm-stable-2022-10-08' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (555 commits) hugetlb: allocate vma lock for all sharable vmas hugetlb: take hugetlb vma_lock when clearing vma_lock->vma pointer hugetlb: fix vma lock handling during split vma and range unmapping mglru: mm/vmscan.c: fix imprecise comments mm/mglru: don't sync disk for each aging cycle mm: memcontrol: drop dead CONFIG_MEMCG_SWAP config symbol mm: memcontrol: use do_memsw_account() in a few more places mm: memcontrol: deprecate swapaccounting=0 mode mm: memcontrol: don't allocate cgroup swap arrays when memcg is disabled mm/secretmem: remove reduntant return value mm/hugetlb: add available_huge_pages() func mm: remove unused inline functions from include/linux/mm_inline.h selftests/vm: add selftest for MADV_COLLAPSE of uffd-minor memory selftests/vm: add file/shmem MADV_COLLAPSE selftest for cleared pmd selftests/vm: add thp collapse shmem testing selftests/vm: add thp collapse file and tmpfs testing selftests/vm: modularize thp collapse memory operations selftests/vm: dedup THP helpers mm/khugepaged: add tracepoint to hpage_collapse_scan_file() mm/madvise: add file and shmem support to MADV_COLLAPSE ...

Merge tag 'sched-rt-2022-10-05' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

2022-10-10T17:03:24+00:00

Pull preempt RT updates from Thomas Gleixner: "Introduce preempt_[dis|enable_nested() and use it to clean up various places which have open coded PREEMPT_RT conditionals. On PREEMPT_RT enabled kernels, spinlocks and rwlocks are neither disabling preemption nor interrupts. Though there are a few places which depend on the implicit preemption/interrupt disable of those locks, e.g. seqcount write sections, per CPU statistics updates etc. PREEMPT_RT added open coded CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT conditionals to disable/enable preemption in the related code parts all over the place. That's hard to read and does not really explain why this is necessary. Linus suggested to use helper functions (preempt_disable_nested() and preempt_enable_nested()) and use those in the affected places. On !RT enabled kernels these functions are NOPs, but contain a lockdep assert to validate that preemption is actually disabled to catch call sites which do not have preemption disabled. Clean up the affected code paths in mm, dentry and lib" * tag 'sched-rt-2022-10-05' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: u64_stats: Streamline the implementation flex_proportions: Disable preemption entering the write section. mm/compaction: Get rid of RT ifdeffery mm/memcontrol: Replace the PREEMPT_RT conditionals mm/debug: Provide VM_WARN_ON_IRQS_ENABLED() mm/vmstat: Use preempt_[dis|en]able_nested() dentry: Use preempt_[dis|en]able_nested() preempt: Provide preempt_[dis|en]able_nested()

Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm

2022-10-09T16:39:55+00:00

Pull kvm updates from Paolo Bonzini: "The first batch of KVM patches, mostly covering x86. ARM: - Account stage2 page table allocations in memory stats x86: - Account EPT/NPT arm64 page table allocations in memory stats - Tracepoint cleanups/fixes for nested VM-Enter and emulated MSR accesses - Drop eVMCS controls filtering for KVM on Hyper-V, all known versions of Hyper-V now support eVMCS fields associated with features that are enumerated to the guest - Use KVM's sanitized VMCS config as the basis for the values of nested VMX capabilities MSRs - A myriad event/exception fixes and cleanups. Most notably, pending exceptions morph into VM-Exits earlier, as soon as the exception is queued, instead of waiting until the next vmentry. This fixed a longstanding issue where the exceptions would incorrecly become double-faults instead of triggering a vmexit; the common case of page-fault vmexits had a special workaround, but now it's fixed for good - A handful of fixes for memory leaks in error paths - Cleanups for VMREAD trampoline and VMX's VM-Exit assembly flow - Never write to memory from non-sleepable kvm_vcpu_check_block() - Selftests refinements and cleanups - Misc typo cleanups Generic: - remove KVM_REQ_UNHALT" * tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (94 commits) KVM: remove KVM_REQ_UNHALT KVM: mips, x86: do not rely on KVM_REQ_UNHALT KVM: x86: never write to memory from kvm_vcpu_check_block() KVM: x86: Don't snapshot pending INIT/SIPI prior to checking nested events KVM: nVMX: Make event request on VMXOFF iff INIT/SIPI is pending KVM: nVMX: Make an event request if INIT or SIPI is pending on VM-Enter KVM: SVM: Make an event request if INIT or SIPI is pending when GIF is set KVM: x86: lapic does not have to process INIT if it is blocked KVM: x86: Rename kvm_apic_has_events() to make it INIT/SIPI specific KVM: x86: Rename and expose helper to detect if INIT/SIPI are allowed KVM: nVMX: Make an event request when pending an MTF nested VM-Exit KVM: x86: make vendor code check for all nested events mailmap: Update Oliver's email address KVM: x86: Allow force_emulation_prefix to be written without a reload KVM: selftests: Add an x86-only test to verify nested exception queueing KVM: selftests: Use uapi header to get VMX and SVM exit reasons/codes KVM: x86: Rename inject_pending_events() to kvm_check_and_inject_events() KVM: VMX: Update MTF and ICEBP comments to document KVM's subtle behavior KVM: x86: Treat pending TRIPLE_FAULT requests as pending exceptions KVM: x86: Morph pending exceptions to pending VM-Exits at queue time ...

mm: remove vmacache

2022-09-27T02:46:18+00:00

By using the maple tree and the maple tree state, the vmacache is no longer beneficial and is complicating the VMA code. Remove the vmacache to reduce the work in keeping it up to date and code complexity. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220906194824.2110408-26-Liam.Howlett@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Liam R. Howlett Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka Tested-by: Yu Zhao Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: David Hildenbrand Cc: David Howells Cc: Davidlohr Bueso Cc: "Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)" Cc: SeongJae Park Cc: Sven Schnelle Cc: Will Deacon Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton

mm/demotion: build demotion targets based on explicit memory tiers

2022-09-27T02:46:12+00:00

This patch switch the demotion target building logic to use memory tiers instead of NUMA distance. All N_MEMORY NUMA nodes will be placed in the default memory tier and additional memory tiers will be added by drivers like dax kmem. This patch builds the demotion target for a NUMA node by looking at all memory tiers below the tier to which the NUMA node belongs. The closest node in the immediately following memory tier is used as a demotion target. Since we are now only building demotion target for N_MEMORY NUMA nodes the CPU hotplug calls are removed in this patch. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220818131042.113280-6-aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V Reviewed-by: "Huang, Ying" Acked-by: Wei Xu Cc: Alistair Popple Cc: Bharata B Rao Cc: Dan Williams Cc: Dave Hansen Cc: Davidlohr Bueso Cc: Hesham Almatary Cc: Jagdish Gediya Cc: Johannes Weiner Cc: Jonathan Cameron Cc: Michal Hocko Cc: Tim Chen Cc: Yang Shi Cc: SeongJae Park Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton

mm/vmstat: Use preempt_[dis|en]able_nested()

2022-09-19T12:35:08+00:00

Replace the open coded CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT conditional preempt_enable/disable() pairs with the new helper functions which hide the underlying implementation details. Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Acked-by: Michal Hocko Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220825164131.402717-4-bigeasy@linutronix.de

memory tiering: rate limit NUMA migration throughput

2022-09-12T03:25:54+00:00

In NUMA balancing memory tiering mode, if there are hot pages in slow memory node and cold pages in fast memory node, we need to promote/demote hot/cold pages between the fast and cold memory nodes. A choice is to promote/demote as fast as possible. But the CPU cycles and memory bandwidth consumed by the high promoting/demoting throughput will hurt the latency of some workload because of accessing inflating and slow memory bandwidth contention. A way to resolve this issue is to restrict the max promoting/demoting throughput. It will take longer to finish the promoting/demoting. But the workload latency will be better. This is implemented in this patch as the page promotion rate limit mechanism. The number of the candidate pages to be promoted to the fast memory node via NUMA balancing is counted, if the count exceeds the limit specified by the users, the NUMA balancing promotion will be stopped until the next second. A new sysctl knob kernel.numa_balancing_promote_rate_limit_MBps is added for the users to specify the limit. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220713083954.34196-3-ying.huang@intel.com Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" Reviewed-by: Baolin Wang Tested-by: Baolin Wang Cc: Dave Hansen Cc: Johannes Weiner Cc: Mel Gorman Cc: Michal Hocko Cc: osalvador Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Rik van Riel Cc: Shakeel Butt Cc: Wei Xu Cc: Yang Shi Cc: Zhong Jiang Cc: Zi Yan Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton

mm: add NR_SECONDARY_PAGETABLE to count secondary page table uses.

2022-08-24T20:51:42+00:00

We keep track of several kernel memory stats (total kernel memory, page tables, stack, vmalloc, etc) on multiple levels (global, per-node, per-memcg, etc). These stats give insights to users to how much memory is used by the kernel and for what purposes. Currently, memory used by KVM mmu is not accounted in any of those kernel memory stats. This patch series accounts the memory pages used by KVM for page tables in those stats in a new NR_SECONDARY_PAGETABLE stat. This stat can be later extended to account for other types of secondary pages tables (e.g. iommu page tables). KVM has a decent number of large allocations that aren't for page tables, but for most of them, the number/size of those allocations scales linearly with either the number of vCPUs or the amount of memory assigned to the VM. KVM's secondary page table allocations do not scale linearly, especially when nested virtualization is in use. From a KVM perspective, NR_SECONDARY_PAGETABLE will scale with KVM's per-VM pages_{4k,2m,1g} stats unless the guest is doing something bizarre (e.g. accessing only 4kb chunks of 2mb pages so that KVM is forced to allocate a large number of page tables even though the guest isn't accessing that much memory). However, someone would need to either understand how KVM works to make that connection, or know (or be told) to go look at KVM's stats if they're running VMs to better decipher the stats. Furthermore, having NR_PAGETABLE side-by-side with NR_SECONDARY_PAGETABLE is informative. For example, when backing a VM with THP vs. HugeTLB, NR_SECONDARY_PAGETABLE is roughly the same, but NR_PAGETABLE is an order of magnitude higher with THP. So having this stat will at the very least prove to be useful for understanding tradeoffs between VM backing types, and likely even steer folks towards potential optimizations. The original discussion with more details about the rationale: https://lore.kernel.org/all/87ilqoi77b.wl-maz@kernel.org This stat will be used by subsequent patches to count KVM mmu memory usage. Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed Acked-by: Shakeel Butt Acked-by: Marc Zyngier Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220823004639.2387269-2-yosryahmed@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson

mm: add DEVICE_ZONE to FOR_ALL_ZONES

2022-08-20T22:17:45+00:00

FOR_ALL_ZONES should be consistent with enum zone_type. Otherwise, __count_zid_vm_events have the potential to add count to wrong item when zid is ZONE_DEVICE. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220807154442.GA18167@haolee.io Signed-off-by: Hao Lee Cc: David Hildenbrand Cc: Johannes Weiner Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton