kernel/linux.git/include/linux/slab.h, branch linux-5.8.y

docs: mm: slab.h: fix a broken cross-reference

2020-04-10T22:36:20+00:00

There is a typo at the cross-reference link, causing this warning: include/linux/slab.h:11: WARNING: undefined label: memory-allocation (if the link has no caption the label must precede a section header) Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Cc: Jonathan Corbet Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: David Rientjes Cc: Joonsoo Kim Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/0aeac24235d356ebd935d11e147dcc6edbb6465c.1586359676.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

mm: remove __krealloc

2020-02-04T03:05:24+00:00

Since 5.5-rc1 the last user of this function is gone, so remove the functionality. See commit 2ad9d7747c10 ("netfilter: conntrack: free extension area immediately") for details. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191212223442.22141-1-fw@strlen.de Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal Acked-by: Andrew Morton Acked-by: David Rientjes Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: Joonsoo Kim Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

mm, slab: remove unused kmalloc_size()

2019-12-01T14:29:17+00:00

The size of kmalloc can be obtained from kmalloc_info[], so remove kmalloc_size() that will not be used anymore. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1569241648-26908-3-git-send-email-lpf.vector@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Pengfei Li Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka Acked-by: Roman Gushchin Acked-by: David Rientjes Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: Joonsoo Kim Cc: Pekka Enberg Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

mm, sl[aou]b: guarantee natural alignment for kmalloc(power-of-two)

2019-10-07T22:47:20+00:00

In most configurations, kmalloc() happens to return naturally aligned (i.e. aligned to the block size itself) blocks for power of two sizes. That means some kmalloc() users might unknowingly rely on that alignment, until stuff breaks when the kernel is built with e.g. CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG or CONFIG_SLOB, and blocks stop being aligned. Then developers have to devise workaround such as own kmem caches with specified alignment [1], which is not always practical, as recently evidenced in [2]. The topic has been discussed at LSF/MM 2019 [3]. Adding a 'kmalloc_aligned()' variant would not help with code unknowingly relying on the implicit alignment. For slab implementations it would either require creating more kmalloc caches, or allocate a larger size and only give back part of it. That would be wasteful, especially with a generic alignment parameter (in contrast with a fixed alignment to size). Ideally we should provide to mm users what they need without difficult workarounds or own reimplementations, so let's make the kmalloc() alignment to size explicitly guaranteed for power-of-two sizes under all configurations. What this means for the three available allocators? * SLAB object layout happens to be mostly unchanged by the patch. The implicitly provided alignment could be compromised with CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB due to redzoning, however SLAB disables redzoning for caches with alignment larger than unsigned long long. Practically on at least x86 this includes kmalloc caches as they use cache line alignment, which is larger than that. Still, this patch ensures alignment on all arches and cache sizes. * SLUB layout is also unchanged unless redzoning is enabled through CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG and boot parameter for the particular kmalloc cache. With this patch, explicit alignment is guaranteed with redzoning as well. This will result in more memory being wasted, but that should be acceptable in a debugging scenario. * SLOB has no implicit alignment so this patch adds it explicitly for kmalloc(). The potential downside is increased fragmentation. While pathological allocation scenarios are certainly possible, in my testing, after booting a x86_64 kernel+userspace with virtme, around 16MB memory was consumed by slab pages both before and after the patch, with difference in the noise. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-btrfs/c3157c8e8e0e7588312b40c853f65c02fe6c957a.1566399731.git.christophe.leroy@c-s.fr/ [2] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-fsdevel/20190225040904.5557-1-ming.lei@redhat.com/ [3] https://lwn.net/Articles/787740/ [akpm@linux-foundation.org: documentation fixlet, per Matthew] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190826111627.7505-3-vbabka@suse.cz Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka Reviewed-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) Acked-by: Michal Hocko Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig Cc: David Sterba Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: David Rientjes Cc: Ming Lei Cc: Dave Chinner Cc: "Darrick J . Wong" Cc: Christoph Hellwig Cc: James Bottomley Cc: Vlastimil Babka Cc: Joonsoo Kim Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

mm, slab: move memcg_cache_params structure to mm/slab.h

2019-09-24T22:54:07+00:00

The memcg_cache_params structure is only embedded into the kmem_cache of slab and slub allocators as defined in slab_def.h and slub_def.h and used internally by mm code. There is no needed to expose it in a public header. So move it from include/linux/slab.h to mm/slab.h. It is just a refactoring patch with no code change. In fact both the slub_def.h and slab_def.h should be moved into the mm directory as well, but that will probably cause many merge conflicts. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190718180827.18758-1-longman@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Waiman Long Acked-by: David Rientjes Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: Joonsoo Kim Cc: Roman Gushchin Cc: Johannes Weiner Cc: Shakeel Butt Cc: Vladimir Davydov Cc: Michal Hocko Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

mm, memcg: add a memcg_slabinfo debugfs file

2019-07-12T18:05:44+00:00

There are concerns about memory leaks from extensive use of memory cgroups as each memory cgroup creates its own set of kmem caches. There is a possiblity that the memcg kmem caches may remain even after the memory cgroups have been offlined. Therefore, it will be useful to show the status of each of memcg kmem caches. This patch introduces a new /memcg_slabinfo file which is somewhat similar to /proc/slabinfo in format, but lists only information about kmem caches that have child memcg kmem caches. Information available in /proc/slabinfo are not repeated in memcg_slabinfo. A portion of a sample output of the file was: # rpc_inode_cache root 13 51 1 1 rpc_inode_cache 48 0 0 0 0 fat_inode_cache root 1 45 1 1 fat_inode_cache 41 2 45 1 1 xfs_inode root 770 816 24 24 xfs_inode 92 22 34 1 1 xfs_inode 88:dead 1 34 1 1 xfs_inode 89:dead 23 34 1 1 xfs_inode 85 4 34 1 1 xfs_inode 84 9 34 1 1 The css id of the memcg is also listed. If a memcg is not online, the tag ":dead" will be attached as shown above. [longman@redhat.com: memcg: add ":deact" tag for reparented kmem caches in memcg_slabinfo] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190621173005.31514-1-longman@redhat.com [longman@redhat.com: set the flag in the common code as suggested by Roman] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190627184324.5875-1-longman@redhat.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190619171621.26209-1-longman@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Waiman Long Suggested-by: Shakeel Butt Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt Acked-by: Roman Gushchin Acked-by: David Rientjes Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: Joonsoo Kim Cc: Michal Hocko Cc: Johannes Weiner Cc: Vladimir Davydov Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

mm: memcg/slab: reparent memcg kmem_caches on cgroup removal

2019-07-12T18:05:44+00:00

Let's reparent non-root kmem_caches on memcg offlining. This allows us to release the memory cgroup without waiting for the last outstanding kernel object (e.g. dentry used by another application). Since the parent cgroup is already charged, everything we need to do is to splice the list of kmem_caches to the parent's kmem_caches list, swap the memcg pointer, drop the css refcounter for each kmem_cache and adjust the parent's css refcounter. Please, note that kmem_cache->memcg_params.memcg isn't a stable pointer anymore. It's safe to read it under rcu_read_lock(), cgroup_mutex held, or any other way that protects the memory cgroup from being released. We can race with the slab allocation and deallocation paths. It's not a big problem: parent's charge and slab global stats are always correct, and we don't care anymore about the child usage and global stats. The child cgroup is already offline, so we don't use or show it anywhere. Local slab stats (NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE and NR_SLAB_UNRECLAIMABLE) aren't used anywhere except count_shadow_nodes(). But even there it won't break anything: after reparenting "nodes" will be 0 on child level (because we're already reparenting shrinker lists), and on parent level page stats always were 0, and this patch won't change anything. [guro@fb.com: properly handle kmem_caches reparented to root_mem_cgroup] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190620213427.1691847-1-guro@fb.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190611231813.3148843-11-guro@fb.com Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt Acked-by: David Rientjes Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: Johannes Weiner Cc: Michal Hocko Cc: Waiman Long Cc: David Rientjes Cc: Joonsoo Kim Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: Andrei Vagin Cc: Qian Cai Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

mm: memcg/slab: rework non-root kmem_cache lifecycle management

2019-07-12T18:05:44+00:00

Currently each charged slab page holds a reference to the cgroup to which it's charged. Kmem_caches are held by the memcg and are released all together with the memory cgroup. It means that none of kmem_caches are released unless at least one reference to the memcg exists, which is very far from optimal. Let's rework it in a way that allows releasing individual kmem_caches as soon as the cgroup is offline, the kmem_cache is empty and there are no pending allocations. To make it possible, let's introduce a new percpu refcounter for non-root kmem caches. The counter is initialized to the percpu mode, and is switched to the atomic mode during kmem_cache deactivation. The counter is bumped for every charged page and also for every running allocation. So the kmem_cache can't be released unless all allocations complete. To shutdown non-active empty kmem_caches, let's reuse the work queue, previously used for the kmem_cache deactivation. Once the reference counter reaches 0, let's schedule an asynchronous kmem_cache release. * I used the following simple approach to test the performance (stolen from another patchset by T. Harding): time find / -name fname-no-exist echo 2 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches repeat 10 times Results: orig patched real 0m1.455s real 0m1.355s user 0m0.206s user 0m0.219s sys 0m0.855s sys 0m0.807s real 0m1.487s real 0m1.699s user 0m0.221s user 0m0.256s sys 0m0.806s sys 0m0.948s real 0m1.515s real 0m1.505s user 0m0.183s user 0m0.215s sys 0m0.876s sys 0m0.858s real 0m1.291s real 0m1.380s user 0m0.193s user 0m0.198s sys 0m0.843s sys 0m0.786s real 0m1.364s real 0m1.374s user 0m0.180s user 0m0.182s sys 0m0.868s sys 0m0.806s real 0m1.352s real 0m1.312s user 0m0.201s user 0m0.212s sys 0m0.820s sys 0m0.761s real 0m1.302s real 0m1.349s user 0m0.205s user 0m0.203s sys 0m0.803s sys 0m0.792s real 0m1.334s real 0m1.301s user 0m0.194s user 0m0.201s sys 0m0.806s sys 0m0.779s real 0m1.426s real 0m1.434s user 0m0.216s user 0m0.181s sys 0m0.824s sys 0m0.864s real 0m1.350s real 0m1.295s user 0m0.200s user 0m0.190s sys 0m0.842s sys 0m0.811s So it looks like the difference is not noticeable in this test. [cai@lca.pw: fix an use-after-free in kmemcg_workfn()] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1560977573-10715-1-git-send-email-cai@lca.pw Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190611231813.3148843-9-guro@fb.com Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin Signed-off-by: Qian Cai Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: Johannes Weiner Cc: Michal Hocko Cc: Shakeel Butt Cc: Waiman Long Cc: David Rientjes Cc: Joonsoo Kim Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: Andrei Vagin Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

mm: memcg/slab: rename slab delayed deactivation functions and fields

2019-07-12T18:05:44+00:00

The delayed work/rcu deactivation infrastructure of non-root kmem_caches can be also used for asynchronous release of these objects. Let's get rid of the word "deactivation" in corresponding names to make the code look better after generalization. It's easier to make the renaming first, so that the generalized code will look consistent from scratch. Let's rename struct memcg_cache_params fields: deact_fn -> work_fn deact_rcu_head -> rcu_head deact_work -> work And RCU/delayed work callbacks in slab common code: kmemcg_deactivate_rcufn -> kmemcg_rcufn kmemcg_deactivate_workfn -> kmemcg_workfn This patch contains no functional changes, only renamings. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190611231813.3148843-3-guro@fb.com Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: Johannes Weiner Cc: Michal Hocko Cc: Waiman Long Cc: David Rientjes Cc: Joonsoo Kim Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: Andrei Vagin Cc: Qian Cai Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

mm/slab: refactor common ksize KASAN logic into slab_common.c

2019-07-12T18:05:42+00:00

This refactors common code of ksize() between the various allocators into slab_common.c: __ksize() is the allocator-specific implementation without instrumentation, whereas ksize() includes the required KASAN logic. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190626142014.141844-5-elver@google.com Signed-off-by: Marco Elver Acked-by: Christoph Lameter Reviewed-by: Andrey Ryabinin Cc: Dmitry Vyukov Cc: Alexander Potapenko Cc: Andrey Konovalov Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: David Rientjes Cc: Joonsoo Kim Cc: Mark Rutland Cc: Kees Cook Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds