kernel/linux.git/include/linux/kprobes.h, branch v4.14.223

kretprobe: Prevent triggering kretprobe from within kprobe_flush_task

2020-06-25T13:42:02+00:00

[ Upstream commit 9b38cc704e844e41d9cf74e647bff1d249512cb3 ] Ziqian reported lockup when adding retprobe on _raw_spin_lock_irqsave. My test was also able to trigger lockdep output: ============================================ WARNING: possible recursive locking detected 5.6.0-rc6+ #6 Not tainted -------------------------------------------- sched-messaging/2767 is trying to acquire lock: ffffffff9a492798 (&(kretprobe_table_locks[i].lock)){-.-.}, at: kretprobe_hash_lock+0x52/0xa0 but task is already holding lock: ffffffff9a491a18 (&(kretprobe_table_locks[i].lock)){-.-.}, at: kretprobe_trampoline+0x0/0x50 other info that might help us debug this: Possible unsafe locking scenario: CPU0 ---- lock(&(kretprobe_table_locks[i].lock)); lock(&(kretprobe_table_locks[i].lock)); *** DEADLOCK *** May be due to missing lock nesting notation 1 lock held by sched-messaging/2767: #0: ffffffff9a491a18 (&(kretprobe_table_locks[i].lock)){-.-.}, at: kretprobe_trampoline+0x0/0x50 stack backtrace: CPU: 3 PID: 2767 Comm: sched-messaging Not tainted 5.6.0-rc6+ #6 Call Trace: dump_stack+0x96/0xe0 __lock_acquire.cold.57+0x173/0x2b7 ? native_queued_spin_lock_slowpath+0x42b/0x9e0 ? lockdep_hardirqs_on+0x590/0x590 ? __lock_acquire+0xf63/0x4030 lock_acquire+0x15a/0x3d0 ? kretprobe_hash_lock+0x52/0xa0 _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x36/0x70 ? kretprobe_hash_lock+0x52/0xa0 kretprobe_hash_lock+0x52/0xa0 trampoline_handler+0xf8/0x940 ? kprobe_fault_handler+0x380/0x380 ? find_held_lock+0x3a/0x1c0 kretprobe_trampoline+0x25/0x50 ? lock_acquired+0x392/0xbc0 ? _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x50/0x70 ? __get_valid_kprobe+0x1f0/0x1f0 ? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x3b/0x40 ? finish_task_switch+0x4b9/0x6d0 ? __switch_to_asm+0x34/0x70 ? __switch_to_asm+0x40/0x70 The code within the kretprobe handler checks for probe reentrancy, so we won't trigger any _raw_spin_lock_irqsave probe in there. The problem is in outside kprobe_flush_task, where we call: kprobe_flush_task kretprobe_table_lock raw_spin_lock_irqsave _raw_spin_lock_irqsave where _raw_spin_lock_irqsave triggers the kretprobe and installs kretprobe_trampoline handler on _raw_spin_lock_irqsave return. The kretprobe_trampoline handler is then executed with already locked kretprobe_table_locks, and first thing it does is to lock kretprobe_table_locks ;-) the whole lockup path like: kprobe_flush_task kretprobe_table_lock raw_spin_lock_irqsave _raw_spin_lock_irqsave ---> probe triggered, kretprobe_trampoline installed ---> kretprobe_table_locks locked kretprobe_trampoline trampoline_handler kretprobe_hash_lock(current, &head, &flags); <--- deadlock Adding kprobe_busy_begin/end helpers that mark code with fake probe installed to prevent triggering of another kprobe within this code. Using these helpers in kprobe_flush_task, so the probe recursion protection check is hit and the probe is never set to prevent above lockup. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/158927059835.27680.7011202830041561604.stgit@devnote2 Fixes: ef53d9c5e4da ("kprobes: improve kretprobe scalability with hashed locking") Cc: Ingo Molnar Cc: "Gustavo A . R . Silva" Cc: Anders Roxell Cc: "Naveen N . Rao" Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy Cc: David Miller Cc: Ingo Molnar Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Reported-by: "Ziqian SUN (Zamir)" Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

x86/kprobes: Verify stack frame on kretprobe

2019-04-27T07:35:38+00:00

commit 3ff9c075cc767b3060bdac12da72fc94dd7da1b8 upstream. Verify the stack frame pointer on kretprobe trampoline handler, If the stack frame pointer does not match, it skips the wrong entry and tries to find correct one. This can happen if user puts the kretprobe on the function which can be used in the path of ftrace user-function call. Such functions should not be probed, so this adds a warning message that reports which function should be blacklisted. Tested-by: Andrea Righi Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu Acked-by: Steven Rostedt Cc: Linus Torvalds Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/155094059185.6137.15527904013362842072.stgit@devbox Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

kprobes: Rename [arch_]function_offset_within_entry() to [arch_]kprobe_on_func_entry()

2017-07-08T09:05:34+00:00

Rename function_offset_within_entry() to scope it to kprobe namespace by using kprobe_ prefix, and to also simplify it. Suggested-by: Ingo Molnar Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu Signed-off-by: Naveen N. Rao Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli Cc: Linus Torvalds Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Thomas Gleixner Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/3aa6c7e2e4fb6e00f3c24fa306496a66edb558ea.1499443367.git.naveen.n.rao@linux.vnet.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

tracing/kprobes: Enforce kprobes teardown after testing

2017-05-18T01:50:27+00:00

Enabling the tracer selftest triggers occasionally the warning in text_poke(), which warns when the to be modified page is not marked reserved. The reason is that the tracer selftest installs kprobes on functions marked __init for testing. These probes are removed after the tests, but that removal schedules the delayed kprobes_optimizer work, which will do the actual text poke. If the work is executed after the init text is freed, then the warning triggers. The bug can be reproduced reliably when the work delay is increased. Flush the optimizer work and wait for the optimizing/unoptimizing lists to become empty before returning from the kprobes tracer selftest. That ensures that all operations which were queued due to the probes removal have completed. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170516094802.76a468bb@gandalf.local.home Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: 6274de498 ("kprobes: Support delayed unoptimizing") Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware)

Merge tag 'powerpc-4.12-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux

2017-05-05T18:36:44+00:00

Pull powerpc updates from Michael Ellerman: "Highlights include: - Larger virtual address space on 64-bit server CPUs. By default we use a 128TB virtual address space, but a process can request access to the full 512TB by passing a hint to mmap(). - Support for the new Power9 "XIVE" interrupt controller. - TLB flushing optimisations for the radix MMU on Power9. - Support for CAPI cards on Power9, using the "Coherent Accelerator Interface Architecture 2.0". - The ability to configure the mmap randomisation limits at build and runtime. - Several small fixes and cleanups to the kprobes code, as well as support for KPROBES_ON_FTRACE. - Major improvements to handling of system reset interrupts, correctly treating them as NMIs, giving them a dedicated stack and using a new hypervisor call to trigger them, all of which should aid debugging and robustness. - Many fixes and other minor enhancements. Thanks to: Alastair D'Silva, Alexey Kardashevskiy, Alistair Popple, Andrew Donnellan, Aneesh Kumar K.V, Anshuman Khandual, Anton Blanchard, Balbir Singh, Ben Hutchings, Benjamin Herrenschmidt, Bhupesh Sharma, Chris Packham, Christian Zigotzky, Christophe Leroy, Christophe Lombard, Daniel Axtens, David Gibson, Gautham R. Shenoy, Gavin Shan, Geert Uytterhoeven, Guilherme G. Piccoli, Hamish Martin, Hari Bathini, Kees Cook, Laurent Dufour, Madhavan Srinivasan, Mahesh J Salgaonkar, Mahesh Salgaonkar, Masami Hiramatsu, Matt Brown, Matthew R. Ochs, Michael Neuling, Naveen N. Rao, Nicholas Piggin, Oliver O'Halloran, Pan Xinhui, Paul Mackerras, Rashmica Gupta, Russell Currey, Sukadev Bhattiprolu, Thadeu Lima de Souza Cascardo, Tobin C. Harding, Tyrel Datwyler, Uma Krishnan, Vaibhav Jain, Vipin K Parashar, Yang Shi" * tag 'powerpc-4.12-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux: (214 commits) powerpc/64s: Power9 has no LPCR[VRMASD] field so don't set it powerpc/powernv: Fix TCE kill on NVLink2 powerpc/mm/radix: Drop support for CPUs without lockless tlbie powerpc/book3s/mce: Move add_taint() later in virtual mode powerpc/sysfs: Move #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU out of the function body powerpc/smp: Document irq enable/disable after migrating IRQs powerpc/mpc52xx: Don't select user-visible RTAS_PROC powerpc/powernv: Document cxl dependency on special case in pnv_eeh_reset() powerpc/eeh: Clean up and document event handling functions powerpc/eeh: Avoid use after free in eeh_handle_special_event() cxl: Mask slice error interrupts after first occurrence cxl: Route eeh events to all drivers in cxl_pci_error_detected() cxl: Force context lock during EEH flow powerpc/64: Allow CONFIG_RELOCATABLE if COMPILE_TEST powerpc/xmon: Teach xmon oops about radix vectors powerpc/mm/hash: Fix off-by-one in comment about kernel contexts ids powerpc/pseries: Enable VFIO powerpc/powernv: Fix iommu table size calculation hook for small tables powerpc/powernv: Check kzalloc() return value in pnv_pci_table_alloc powerpc: Add arch/powerpc/tools directory ...

powerpc/kprobes: Fix handling of function offsets on ABIv2

2017-04-20T13:18:55+00:00

commit 239aeba76409 ("perf powerpc: Fix kprobe and kretprobe handling with kallsyms on ppc64le") changed how we use the offset field in struct kprobe on ABIv2. perf now offsets from the global entry point if an offset is specified and otherwise chooses the local entry point. Fix the same in kernel for kprobe API users. We do this by extending kprobe_lookup_name() to accept an additional parameter to indicate the offset specified with the kprobe registration. If offset is 0, we return the local function entry and return the global entry point otherwise. With: # cd /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/ # echo "p _do_fork" >> kprobe_events # echo "p _do_fork+0x10" >> kprobe_events before this patch: # cat ../kprobes/list c0000000000d0748 k _do_fork+0x8 [DISABLED] c0000000000d0758 k _do_fork+0x18 [DISABLED] c0000000000412b0 k kretprobe_trampoline+0x0 [OPTIMIZED] and after: # cat ../kprobes/list c0000000000d04c8 k _do_fork+0x8 [DISABLED] c0000000000d04d0 k _do_fork+0x10 [DISABLED] c0000000000412b0 k kretprobe_trampoline+0x0 [OPTIMIZED] Acked-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli Signed-off-by: Naveen N. Rao Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman

kprobes: Convert kprobe_lookup_name() to a function

2017-04-20T13:18:54+00:00

The macro is now pretty long and ugly on powerpc. In the light of further changes needed here, convert it to a __weak variant to be over-ridden with a nicer looking function. Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu Signed-off-by: Naveen N. Rao Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman

trace/kprobes: Fix check for kretprobe offset within function entry

2017-03-15T20:48:37+00:00

perf specifies an offset from _text and since this offset is fed directly into the arch-specific helper, kprobes tracer rejects installation of kretprobes through perf. Fix this by looking up the actual offset from a function for the specified sym+offset. Refactor and reuse existing routines to limit code duplication -- we repurpose kprobe_addr() for determining final kprobe address and we split out the function entry offset determination into a separate generic helper. Before patch: naveen@ubuntu:~/linux/tools/perf$ sudo ./perf probe -v do_open%return probe-definition(0): do_open%return symbol:do_open file:(null) line:0 offset:0 return:1 lazy:(null) 0 arguments Looking at the vmlinux_path (8 entries long) Using /boot/vmlinux for symbols Open Debuginfo file: /boot/vmlinux Try to find probe point from debuginfo. Matched function: do_open [2d0c7ff] Probe point found: do_open+0 Matched function: do_open [35d76dc] found inline addr: 0xc0000000004ba9c4 Failed to find "do_open%return", because do_open is an inlined function and has no return point. An error occurred in debuginfo analysis (-22). Trying to use symbols. Opening /sys/kernel/debug/tracing//README write=0 Opening /sys/kernel/debug/tracing//kprobe_events write=1 Writing event: r:probe/do_open _text+4469776 Failed to write event: Invalid argument Error: Failed to add events. Reason: Invalid argument (Code: -22) naveen@ubuntu:~/linux/tools/perf$ dmesg | tail [ 33.568656] Given offset is not valid for return probe. After patch: naveen@ubuntu:~/linux/tools/perf$ sudo ./perf probe -v do_open%return probe-definition(0): do_open%return symbol:do_open file:(null) line:0 offset:0 return:1 lazy:(null) 0 arguments Looking at the vmlinux_path (8 entries long) Using /boot/vmlinux for symbols Open Debuginfo file: /boot/vmlinux Try to find probe point from debuginfo. Matched function: do_open [2d0c7d6] Probe point found: do_open+0 Matched function: do_open [35d76b3] found inline addr: 0xc0000000004ba9e4 Failed to find "do_open%return", because do_open is an inlined function and has no return point. An error occurred in debuginfo analysis (-22). Trying to use symbols. Opening /sys/kernel/debug/tracing//README write=0 Opening /sys/kernel/debug/tracing//kprobe_events write=1 Writing event: r:probe/do_open _text+4469808 Writing event: r:probe/do_open_1 _text+4956344 Added new events: probe:do_open (on do_open%return) probe:do_open_1 (on do_open%return) You can now use it in all perf tools, such as: perf record -e probe:do_open_1 -aR sleep 1 naveen@ubuntu:~/linux/tools/perf$ sudo cat /sys/kernel/debug/kprobes/list c000000000041370 k kretprobe_trampoline+0x0 [OPTIMIZED] c0000000004ba0b8 r do_open+0x8 [DISABLED] c000000000443430 r do_open+0x0 [DISABLED] Signed-off-by: Naveen N. Rao Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli Cc: Michael Ellerman Cc: Steven Rostedt Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/d8cd1ef420ec22e3643ac332fdabcffc77319a42.1488961018.git.naveen.n.rao@linux.vnet.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo

kretprobes: Ensure probe location is at function entry

2017-03-03T22:07:17+00:00

kretprobes can be registered by specifying an absolute address or by specifying offset to a symbol. However, we need to ensure this falls at function entry so as to be able to determine the return address. Validate the same during kretprobe registration. By default, there should not be any offset from a function entry, as determined through a kallsyms_lookup(). Introduce arch_function_offset_within_entry() as a way for architectures to override this. Signed-off-by: Naveen N. Rao Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli Cc: Michael Ellerman Cc: Steven Rostedt Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/f1583bc4839a3862cfc2acefcc56f9c8837fa2ba.1487770934.git.naveen.n.rao@linux.vnet.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo

kprobes: move kprobe declarations to asm-generic/kprobes.h

2017-02-28T02:43:45+00:00

Often all is needed is these small helpers, instead of compiler.h or a full kprobes.h. This is important for asm helpers, in fact even some asm/kprobes.h make use of these helpers... instead just keep a generic asm file with helpers useful for asm code with the least amount of clutter as possible. Likewise we need now to also address what to do about this file for both when architectures have CONFIG_HAVE_KPROBES, and when they do not. Then for when architectures have CONFIG_HAVE_KPROBES but have disabled CONFIG_KPROBES. Right now most asm/kprobes.h do not have guards against CONFIG_KPROBES, this means most architecture code cannot include asm/kprobes.h safely. Correct this and add guards for architectures missing them. Additionally provide architectures that not have kprobes support with the default asm-generic solution. This lets us force asm/kprobes.h on the header include/linux/kprobes.h always, but most importantly we can now safely include just asm/kprobes.h on architecture code without bringing the full kitchen sink of header files. Two architectures already provided a guard against CONFIG_KPROBES on its kprobes.h: sh, arch. The rest of the architectures needed gaurds added. We avoid including any not-needed headers on asm/kprobes.h unless kprobes have been enabled. In a subsequent atomic change we can try now to remove compiler.h from include/linux/kprobes.h. During this sweep I've also identified a few architectures defining a common macro needed for both kprobes and ftrace, that of the definition of the breakput instruction up. Some refer to this as BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION. This must be kept outside of the #ifdef CONFIG_KPROBES guard. [mcgrof@kernel.org: fix arm64 build] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CAB=NE6X1WMByuARS4mZ1g9+W=LuVBnMDnh_5zyN0CLADaVh=Jw@mail.gmail.com [sfr@canb.auug.org.au: fixup for kprobes declarations moving] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170214165933.13ebd4f4@canb.auug.org.au Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170203233139.32682-1-mcgrof@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Luis R. Rodriguez Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu Cc: Arnd Bergmann Cc: Masami Hiramatsu Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy Cc: David S. Miller Cc: Ingo Molnar Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: H. Peter Anvin Cc: Andy Lutomirski Cc: Steven Rostedt Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds