kernel/linux.git/include/linux/arch_topology.h, branch v6.6.131

arm64/amu: Use capacity_ref_freq() to set AMU ratio

2025-08-28T14:28:42+00:00

commit 1f023007f5e782bda19ad9104830c404fd622c5d upstream. Use the new capacity_ref_freq() method to set the ratio that is used by AMU for computing the arch_scale_freq_capacity(). This helps to keep everything aligned using the same reference for computing CPUs capacity. The default value of the ratio (stored in per_cpu(arch_max_freq_scale)) ensures that arch_scale_freq_capacity() returns max capacity until it is set to its correct value with the cpu capacity and capacity_ref_freq(). Signed-off-by: Vincent Guittot Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar Acked-by: Sudeep Holla Acked-by: Will Deacon Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231211104855.558096-8-vincent.guittot@linaro.org Stable-dep-of: e37617c8e53a ("sched/fair: Fix frequency selection for non-invariant case") Signed-off-by: Wentao Guan Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

sched/topology: Add a new arch_scale_freq_ref() method

2025-08-28T14:28:42+00:00

commit 9942cb22ea458c34fa17b73d143ea32d4df1caca upstream. Create a new method to get a unique and fixed max frequency. Currently cpuinfo.max_freq or the highest (or last) state of performance domain are used as the max frequency when computing the frequency for a level of utilization, but: - cpuinfo_max_freq can change at runtime. boost is one example of such change. - cpuinfo.max_freq and last item of the PD can be different leading to different results between cpufreq and energy model. We need to save the reference frequency that has been used when computing the CPUs capacity and use this fixed and coherent value to convert between frequency and CPU's capacity. In fact, we already save the frequency that has been used when computing the capacity of each CPU. We extend the precision to save kHz instead of MHz currently and we modify the type to be aligned with other variables used when converting frequency to capacity and the other way. [ mingo: Minor edits. ] Signed-off-by: Vincent Guittot Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar Tested-by: Lukasz Luba Reviewed-by: Lukasz Luba Acked-by: Sudeep Holla Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231211104855.558096-2-vincent.guittot@linaro.org Stable-dep-of: e37617c8e53a ("sched/fair: Fix frequency selection for non-invariant case") Signed-off-by: Wentao Guan Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

arch_topology: Drop LLC identifier stash from the CPU topology

2022-07-04T15:22:29+00:00

Since the cacheinfo LLC information is used directly in arch_topology, there is no need to parse and store the LLC ID information only for ACPI systems in the CPU topology. Remove the redundant LLC ID from the generic CPU arch_topology information. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220704101605.1318280-13-sudeep.holla@arm.com Tested-by: Ionela Voinescu Tested-by: Conor Dooley Reviewed-by: Gavin Shan Signed-off-by: Sudeep Holla

arch_topology: obtain cpu capacity using information from CPPC

2022-03-10T19:21:58+00:00

Define topology_init_cpu_capacity_cppc() to use highest performance values from _CPC objects to obtain and set maximum capacity information for each CPU. acpi_cppc_processor_probe() is a good point at which to trigger the initialization of CPU (u-arch) capacity values, as at this point the highest performance values can be obtained from each CPU's _CPC objects. Architectures can therefore use this functionality through arch_init_invariance_cppc(). The performance scale used by CPPC is a unified scale for all CPUs in the system. Therefore, by obtaining the raw highest performance values from the _CPC objects, and normalizing them on the [0, 1024] capacity scale, used by the task scheduler, we obtain the CPU capacity of each CPU. While an ACPI Notify(0x85) could alert about a change in the highest performance value, which should in turn retrigger the CPU capacity computations, this notification is not currently handled by the ACPI processor driver. When supported, a call to arch_init_invariance_cppc() would perform the update. Signed-off-by: Ionela Voinescu Acked-by: Sudeep Holla Tested-by: Valentin Schneider Tested-by: Yicong Yang Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki

arch_topology: Remove unused topology_set_thermal_pressure() and related

2021-11-23T09:40:26+00:00

There is no need of this function (and related) since code has been converted to use the new arch_update_thermal_pressure() API. The old code can be removed. Signed-off-by: Lukasz Luba Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar

arch_topology: Introduce thermal pressure update function

2021-11-23T09:40:26+00:00

The thermal pressure is a mechanism which is used for providing information about reduced CPU performance to the scheduler. Usually code has to convert the value from frequency units into capacity units, which are understandable by the scheduler. Create a common conversion code which can be just used via a handy API. Internally, the topology_update_thermal_pressure() operates on frequency in MHz and max CPU frequency is taken from 'freq_factor' (per-cpu). Signed-off-by: Lukasz Luba Reviewed-by: Thara Gopinath Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar

topology: Represent clusters of CPUs within a die

2021-10-15T09:25:15+00:00

Both ACPI and DT provide the ability to describe additional layers of topology between that of individual cores and higher level constructs such as the level at which the last level cache is shared. In ACPI this can be represented in PPTT as a Processor Hierarchy Node Structure [1] that is the parent of the CPU cores and in turn has a parent Processor Hierarchy Nodes Structure representing a higher level of topology. For example Kunpeng 920 has 6 or 8 clusters in each NUMA node, and each cluster has 4 cpus. All clusters share L3 cache data, but each cluster has local L3 tag. On the other hand, each clusters will share some internal system bus. +-----------------------------------+ +---------+ | +------+ +------+ +--------------------------+ | | | CPU0 | | cpu1 | | +-----------+ | | | +------+ +------+ | | | | | | +----+ L3 | | | | +------+ +------+ cluster | | tag | | | | | CPU2 | | CPU3 | | | | | | | +------+ +------+ | +-----------+ | | | | | | +-----------------------------------+ | | +-----------------------------------+ | | | +------+ +------+ +--------------------------+ | | | | | | | +-----------+ | | | +------+ +------+ | | | | | | | | L3 | | | | +------+ +------+ +----+ tag | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +------+ +------+ | +-----------+ | | | | | | +-----------------------------------+ | L3 | | data | +-----------------------------------+ | | | +------+ +------+ | +-----------+ | | | | | | | | | | | | | +------+ +------+ +----+ L3 | | | | | | tag | | | | +------+ +------+ | | | | | | | | | | | +-----------+ | | | +------+ +------+ +--------------------------+ | +-----------------------------------| | | +-----------------------------------| | | | +------+ +------+ +--------------------------+ | | | | | | | +-----------+ | | | +------+ +------+ | | | | | | +----+ L3 | | | | +------+ +------+ | | tag | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +------+ +------+ | +-----------+ | | | | | | +-----------------------------------+ | | +-----------------------------------+ | | | +------+ +------+ +--------------------------+ | | | | | | | +-----------+ | | | +------+ +------+ | | | | | | | | L3 | | | | +------+ +------+ +---+ tag | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +------+ +------+ | +-----------+ | | | | | | +-----------------------------------+ | | +-----------------------------------+ | | | +------+ +------+ +--------------------------+ | | | | | | | +-----------+ | | | +------+ +------+ | | | | | | | | L3 | | | | +------+ +------+ +--+ tag | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +------+ +------+ | +-----------+ | | | | +---------+ +-----------------------------------+ That means spreading tasks among clusters will bring more bandwidth while packing tasks within one cluster will lead to smaller cache synchronization latency. So both kernel and userspace will have a chance to leverage this topology to deploy tasks accordingly to achieve either smaller cache latency within one cluster or an even distribution of load among clusters for higher throughput. This patch exposes cluster topology to both kernel and userspace. Libraried like hwloc will know cluster by cluster_cpus and related sysfs attributes. PoC of HWLOC support at [2]. Note this patch only handle the ACPI case. Special consideration is needed for SMT processors, where it is necessary to move 2 levels up the hierarchy from the leaf nodes (thus skipping the processor core level). Note that arm64 / ACPI does not provide any means of identifying a die level in the topology but that may be unrelate to the cluster level. [1] ACPI Specification 6.3 - section 5.2.29.1 processor hierarchy node structure (Type 0) [2] https://github.com/hisilicon/hwloc/tree/linux-cluster Signed-off-by: Jonathan Cameron Signed-off-by: Tian Tao Signed-off-by: Barry Song Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210924085104.44806-2-21cnbao@gmail.com

cpufreq: CPPC: Add support for frequency invariance

2021-03-22T03:25:28+00:00

The Frequency Invariance Engine (FIE) is providing a frequency scaling correction factor that helps achieve more accurate load-tracking. Normally, this scaling factor can be obtained directly with the help of the cpufreq drivers as they know the exact frequency the hardware is running at. But that isn't the case for CPPC cpufreq driver. Another way of obtaining that is using the arch specific counter support, which is already present in kernel, but that hardware is optional for platforms. This patch updates the CPPC driver to register itself with the topology core to provide its own implementation (cppc_scale_freq_tick()) of topology_scale_freq_tick() which gets called by the scheduler on every tick. Note that the arch specific counters have higher priority than CPPC counters, if available, though the CPPC driver doesn't need to have any special handling for that. On an invocation of cppc_scale_freq_tick(), we schedule an irq work (since we reach here from hard-irq context), which then schedules a normal work item and cppc_scale_freq_workfn() updates the per_cpu arch_freq_scale variable based on the counter updates since the last tick. To allow platforms to disable this CPPC counter-based frequency invariance support, this is all done under CONFIG_ACPI_CPPC_CPUFREQ_FIE, which is enabled by default. This also exports sched_setattr_nocheck() as the CPPC driver can be built as a module. Cc: linux-acpi@vger.kernel.org Reviewed-by: Ionela Voinescu Tested-by: Ionela Voinescu Tested-by: Vincent Guittot Acked-by: Rafael J. Wysocki Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar

arch_topology: Allow multiple entities to provide sched_freq_tick() callback

2021-03-10T05:25:37+00:00

This patch attempts to make it generic enough so other parts of the kernel can also provide their own implementation of scale_freq_tick() callback, which is called by the scheduler periodically to update the per-cpu arch_freq_scale variable. The implementations now need to provide 'struct scale_freq_data' for the CPUs for which they have hardware counters available, and a callback gets registered for each possible CPU in a per-cpu variable. The arch specific (or ARM AMU) counters are updated to adapt to this and they take the highest priority if they are available, i.e. they will be used instead of CPPC based counters for example. The special code to rebuild the sched domains, in case invariance status change for the system, is moved out of arm64 specific code and is added to arch_topology.c. Note that this also defines SCALE_FREQ_SOURCE_CPUFREQ but doesn't use it and it is added to show that cpufreq is also acts as source of information for FIE and will be used by default if no other counters are supported for a platform. Reviewed-by: Ionela Voinescu Tested-by: Ionela Voinescu Acked-by: Will Deacon # for arm64 Tested-by: Vincent Guittot Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar

arch_topology: Rename freq_scale as arch_freq_scale

2021-03-10T05:25:37+00:00

Rename freq_scale to a less generic name, as it will get exported soon for modules. Since x86 already names its own implementation of this as arch_freq_scale, lets stick to that. Suggested-by: Will Deacon Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar