kernel/linux.git/drivers/tty/serial/dz.c, branch v7.1

serial: dz: Convert to use a platform device

2026-05-22T09:52:34+00:00

Prevent a crash from happening as the first serial port is initialised: Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 160x64 tgafb: SFB+ detected, rev=0x02 fb0: Digital ZLX-E1 frame buffer device at 0x1e000000 DECstation DZ serial driver version 1.04 CPU 0 Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address 000000bc, epc == 8048b3a4, ra == 80470a78 Oops[#1]: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.19.0-dirty #35 NONE $ 0 : 00000000 1000ac00 00000004 804707ac $ 4 : 00000000 80e20850 80e20858 81000030 $ 8 : 00000000 8072c81c 00000008 fefefeff $12 : 6c616972 00000006 80c5917f 69726420 $16 : 80e20800 00000000 808f8968 80e20800 $20 : 00000000 807f5a90 808b0094 808d3bc8 $24 : 00000018 80479030 $28 : 80c2e000 80c2fd70 00000069 80470a78 Hi : 00000004 Lo : 00000000 epc : 8048b3a4 __dev_fwnode+0x0/0xc ra : 80470a78 serial_base_ctrl_add+0xa0/0x168 Status: 1000ac04 IEp Cause : 30000008 (ExcCode 02) BadVA : 000000bc PrId : 00000220 (R3000) Modules linked in: Process swapper/0 (pid: 1, threadinfo=(ptrval), task=(ptrval), tls=00000000) Stack : 00400044 00400040 8046f4cc 00000000 808a6148 808a0000 808f8968 8086983c 808e0000 8046fc84 1000ac01 00000028 80e20700 802ba3f8 80e20700 80d34a94 80c1b900 80e20700 80e20700 80e20700 80e20700 80444650 00000000 00000000 00000000 807f5a90 808b0094 80447080 00400040 808e0000 80d34a94 808a6148 80d34a94 00000004 80e20700 00000000 8076974c 80469810 80c2fe3c 1000ac01 ... Call Trace: [<8048b3a4>] __dev_fwnode+0x0/0xc [<80470a78>] serial_base_ctrl_add+0xa0/0x168 [<8046fc84>] serial_core_register_port+0x1c8/0x974 [<808c6af0>] dz_init+0x74/0xc8 [<800470e0>] do_one_initcall+0x44/0x2d4 [<808b111c>] kernel_init_freeable+0x258/0x308 [<8072e434>] kernel_init+0x20/0x114 [<80049cd0>] ret_from_kernel_thread+0x14/0x1c Code: 27bd0018 03e00008 2402ffea <8c8200bc> 03e00008 00000000 27bdffc0 afbe0038 afb30024 ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- -- where a pointer is dereferenced that has been derived from a null pointer to the port's parent device. Since no device is available with legacy probing and it's not anymore a preferable way to discover devices anyway, switch the driver to using a platform device and use it as the port's parent device. Update resource handling accordingly and only request the actual span of addresses used within the slot, which will have had its resource already requested by generic platform device code. Use platform_driver_probe() not just because the DZ device is fixed with solder on board and not straightforward to remove, but foremost because the associated TTY's major device number is the same as used by the zs driver and the first driver to claim it will prevent the other one from using it. Either one DZ device or some SCC devices will be present in a given system but never both at a time, and therefore we want the major device number to be claimed by the first driver to actually successfully bind to its device and platform_driver_probe() is a way to fulfil that. An unfortunate consequence of the switch to a platform device is we now hand the console over from the bootconsole much later in the bootstrap. The firmware console handler appears good enough though to work so late and in particular with interrupts enabled. Conversely only starting the console port so late lets the reset code fully utilise our delay handlers, so switch from udelay() to fsleep() for transmitter draining so as to avoid busy-waiting for an excessive amount of time. Fixes: 84a9582fd203 ("serial: core: Start managing serial controllers to enable runtime PM") Signed-off-by: Maciej W. Rozycki Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # needs to use .remove_new for <= 6.10 Link: https://patch.msgid.link/alpine.DEB.2.21.2605062326540.46195@angie.orcam.me.uk Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

serial: dz: Fix bootconsole handover lockup

2026-05-22T09:52:34+00:00

Calling dz_reset() in the course of setting up the serial device causes line parameters to be reset and the transmitter disabled. We've been lucky in that no message is usually produced to the kernel log between this call and the later call to uart_set_options() in the course of console setup done by dz_serial_console_init(), or the system would hang as the console output handler in the firmware tried to access a port the transmitter of which has been disabled and line parameters messed up. This will change with the next change to the driver, so fix dz_reset() such that line parameters are set for 9600n8 console operation as with the system firmware and the transmitter re-enabled after reset. This also means dz_pm() serves no purpose anymore, so drop it. Fixes: e6ee512f5a77 ("dz.c: Resource management") Signed-off-by: Maciej W. Rozycki Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v2.6.25+ Link: https://patch.msgid.link/alpine.DEB.2.21.2605062302010.46195@angie.orcam.me.uk Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

serial: dz: Fix bootconsole message clobbering at chip reset

2026-05-22T09:52:33+00:00

In the DZ interface as implemented by the DC7085 gate array the serial transmitters are double buffered, meaning that at the time a transmitter is ready to accept the next character there is one in the transmit shift register still being sent to the line. Issuing a master clear at this time causes this character to be lost, so wait an extra amount of time sufficient for the transmit shift register to drain at 9600bps, which is the baud rate setting used by the firmware console. Mind the specified 1.4us TRDY recovery time in the course and continue using iob() as the completion barrier, since the platforms involved use a write buffer that can delay and combine writes, and reorder them with respect to reads regardless of the MMIO locations accessed and we still lack a platform-independent handler for that. When called from dz_serial_console_init() this is too early for fsleep() to work and even before lpj has been calculated and therefore the delay is actually not sufficient for the transmitter to drain and is merely a placeholder now. This will be addressed in a follow-up change. Fixes: e6ee512f5a77 ("dz.c: Resource management") Signed-off-by: Maciej W. Rozycki Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v2.6.25+ Link: https://patch.msgid.link/alpine.DEB.2.21.2605062259080.46195@angie.orcam.me.uk Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

tty: tty_port: add workqueue to flip TTY buffer

2026-03-12T14:26:29+00:00

On the embedded platform, certain critical data, such as IMU data, is transmitted through UART. The tty_flip_buffer_push() interface in the TTY layer uses system_dfl_wq to handle the flipping of the TTY buffer. Although the unbound workqueue can create new threads on demand and wake up the kworker thread on an idle CPU, it may be preempted by real-time tasks or other high-prio tasks. flush_to_ldisc() needs to wake up the relevant data handle thread. When executing __wake_up_common_lock(), it calls spin_lock_irqsave(), which does not disable preemption but disables migration in RT-Linux. This prevents the kworker thread from being migrated to other cores by CPU's balancing logic, resulting in long delays. The call trace is as follows: __wake_up_common_lock __wake_up ep_poll_callback __wake_up_common __wake_up_common_lock __wake_up n_tty_receive_buf_common n_tty_receive_buf2 tty_ldisc_receive_buf tty_port_default_receive_buf flush_to_ldisc In our system, the processing interval for each frame of IMU data transmitted via UART can experience significant jitter due to this issue. Instead of the expected 10 to 15 ms frame processing interval, we see spikes up to 30 to 35 ms. Moreover, in just one or two hours, there can be 2 to 3 occurrences of such high jitter, which is quite frequent. This jitter exceeds the software's tolerable limit of 20 ms. Introduce flip_wq in tty_port which can be set by tty_port_link_wq() or as default linked to default workqueue allocated when tty_register_driver(). The default workqueue is allocated with flag WQ_SYSFS, so that cpumask and nice can be set dynamically. The execution timing of tty_port_link_wq() is not clearly restricted. The newly added function tty_port_link_driver_wq() checks whether the flip_wq of the tty_port has already been assigned when linking the default tty_driver's workqueue to the port. After the user has set a custom workqueue for a certain tty_port using tty_port_link_wq(), the system will only use this custom workqueue, even if tty_driver does not have %TTY_DRIVER_NO_WORKQUEUE flag. When tty_port register device, flip_wq link operation is done by tty_port_link_driver_wq(), but for in-memory devices the link operation cannot cover all the cases. Although tty_port_install() is dedicated for in-memory devices lik PTY to link port allocated on demand, the logic of tty_port_install() is so simple that people may not call it, vc_cons[0].d->port is one such case. We check the buf.flip_wq when flip TTY buffer, if buf.flip_wq of TTY port is NULL, use system_dfl_wq as a backup. To avoid naming conflict of the default tty_driver's workqueue, using '"%s-%s", driver->name, driver->driver_name' as the workqueue name. In cases where driver_name is not specified and therefore is NULL, the workqueue is not created. Drivers that do not define driver_name are potentially in-memory devices like vty, which generally do not require special workqueue settings. Even with the combination of name and driver_name, the workqueue names can still be duplicated, as many tty serial drivers use "ttyS" as dev_name and "serial" as driver_name. I modified the conflicting driver_name of these drivers by appending a suffix of _xx based on the corresponding .c file. If this modification is not made, it could not only lead to duplicate workqueue names but also result in duplicate entries for the /proc/tty/driver/ nodes. Introduce %TTY_DRIVER_NO_WORKQUEUE flag meaning not to create the default single tty_driver workqueue. Two reasons why need to introduce the %TTY_DRIVER_NO_WORKQUEUE flag: 1. If the WQ_SYSFS parameter is enabled, workqueue_sysfs_register() will fail when trying to create a workqueue with the same name. The pty is an example of this; if both CONFIG_LEGACY_PTYS and CONFIG_UNIX98_PTYS are enabled, the call to tty_register_driver() in unix98_pty_init() will fail. 2. Different TTY ports may be used for different tasks, which may require separate core binding control via workqueues. In this case, the workqueue created by default in the TTY driver is unnecessary. Enabling this flag prevents the creation of this redundant workqueue. After applying this patch, we can set the related UART TTY flip buffer workqueue by sysfs. We set the cpumask to CPU cores associated with the IMU tasks, and set the nice to -20. Testing has shown significant improvement in the previously described issue, with almost no stuttering occurring anymore. Tested-by: Tommaso Merciai Tested-by: Marek Szyprowski Signed-off-by: Xin Zhao Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260213085039.3274704-1-jackzxcui1989@163.com Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

tty: serial: switch from circ_buf to kfifo

2024-04-09T13:28:03+00:00

Switch from struct circ_buf to proper kfifo. kfifo provides much better API, esp. when wrap-around of the buffer needs to be taken into account. Look at pl011_dma_tx_refill() or cpm_uart_tx_pump() changes for example. Kfifo API can also fill in scatter-gather DMA structures, so it easier for that use case too. Look at lpuart_dma_tx() for example. Note that not all drivers can be converted to that (like atmel_serial), they handle DMA specially. Note that usb-serial uses kfifo for TX for ages. omap needed a bit more care as it needs to put a char into FIFO to start the DMA transfer when OMAP_DMA_TX_KICK is set. In that case, we have to do kfifo_dma_out_prepare twice: once to find out the tx_size (to find out if it is worths to do DMA at all -- size >= 4), the second time for the actual transfer. All traces of circ_buf are removed from serial_core.h (and its struct uart_state). Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby (SUSE) Cc: Al Cooper Cc: Matthias Brugger Cc: AngeloGioacchino Del Regno Cc: Kumaravel Thiagarajan Cc: Tharun Kumar P Cc: Russell King Cc: Vineet Gupta Cc: Richard Genoud Cc: Nicolas Ferre Cc: Alexandre Belloni Cc: Claudiu Beznea Cc: Alexander Shiyan Cc: Baruch Siach Cc: Maciej W. Rozycki Cc: Shawn Guo Cc: Sascha Hauer Cc: Fabio Estevam Cc: Neil Armstrong Cc: Kevin Hilman Cc: Jerome Brunet Cc: Martin Blumenstingl Cc: Taichi Sugaya Cc: Takao Orito Cc: Bjorn Andersson Cc: Konrad Dybcio Cc: Pali Rohár Cc: Michael Ellerman Cc: Nicholas Piggin Cc: Christophe Leroy Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V Cc: Naveen N. Rao Cc: Manivannan Sadhasivam Cc: Krzysztof Kozlowski Cc: Alim Akhtar Cc: Laxman Dewangan Cc: Thierry Reding Cc: Jonathan Hunter Cc: Orson Zhai Cc: Baolin Wang Cc: Chunyan Zhang Cc: Patrice Chotard Cc: Maxime Coquelin Cc: Alexandre Torgue Cc: David S. Miller Cc: Hammer Hsieh Cc: Peter Korsgaard Cc: Timur Tabi Cc: Michal Simek Cc: Sumit Semwal Cc: Christian König Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240405060826.2521-13-jirislaby@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

serial: dz: Use port lock wrappers

2023-09-18T09:18:11+00:00

When a serial port is used for kernel console output, then all modifications to the UART registers which are done from other contexts, e.g. getty, termios, are interference points for the kernel console. So far this has been ignored and the printk output is based on the principle of hope. The rework of the console infrastructure which aims to support threaded and atomic consoles, requires to mark sections which modify the UART registers as unsafe. This allows the atomic write function to make informed decisions and eventually to restore operational state. It also allows to prevent the regular UART code from modifying UART registers while printk output is in progress. All modifications of UART registers are guarded by the UART port lock, which provides an obvious synchronization point with the console infrastructure. To avoid adding this functionality to all UART drivers, wrap the spin_[un]lock*() invocations for uart_port::lock into helper functions which just contain the spin_[un]lock*() invocations for now. In a subsequent step these helpers will gain the console synchronization mechanisms. Converted with coccinelle. No functional change. Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Signed-off-by: John Ogness Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230914183831.587273-26-john.ogness@linutronix.de Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

serial: drivers: switch ch and flag to u8

2023-07-25T17:21:04+00:00

Now that the serial layer explicitly expects 'u8' for flags and characters, propagate this type to drivers' (RX) routines. Note that amba-pl011's, clps711x's and st-asc's 'ch' are left unchanged because 'ch' contains not only a character, but whole status. Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby (SUSE) Cc: Tobias Klauser Cc: Russell King Cc: Vineet Gupta Cc: Richard Genoud Cc: Nicolas Ferre Cc: Alexandre Belloni Cc: Claudiu Beznea Cc: Alexander Shiyan Cc: Baruch Siach Cc: "Maciej W. Rozycki" Cc: Taichi Sugaya Cc: Takao Orito Cc: Shawn Guo Cc: Sascha Hauer Cc: Pengutronix Kernel Team Cc: Fabio Estevam Cc: NXP Linux Team Cc: Kevin Cernekee Cc: Krzysztof Kozlowski Cc: Alim Akhtar Cc: Laxman Dewangan Cc: Thierry Reding Cc: Jonathan Hunter Cc: Palmer Dabbelt Cc: Paul Walmsley Cc: Orson Zhai Cc: Baolin Wang Cc: Chunyan Zhang Cc: Patrice Chotard Cc: Maxime Coquelin Cc: Alexandre Torgue Cc: Hammer Hsieh Acked-by: Richard GENOUD Acked-by: Tobias Klauser Acked-by: Thierry Reding Acked-by: Maciej W. Rozycki Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230712081811.29004-11-jirislaby@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

serial: dz: Use uart_xmit_advance()

2022-11-03T02:35:40+00:00

Take advantage of the new uart_xmit_advance() helper. Signed-off-by: Ilpo Järvinen Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221019091151.6692-2-ilpo.jarvinen@linux.intel.com Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

serial: Make ->set_termios() old ktermios const

2022-08-30T12:22:35+00:00

There should be no reason to adjust old ktermios which is going to get discarded anyway. Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko Signed-off-by: Ilpo Järvinen Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220816115739.10928-7-ilpo.jarvinen@linux.intel.com Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

serial: dz: Assume previous baudrate is valid

2022-08-30T12:22:34+00:00

Assume previously used termios has a valid baudrate and use it directly. Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko Acked-by: Maciej W. Rozycki Signed-off-by: Ilpo Järvinen Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220816115739.10928-4-ilpo.jarvinen@linux.intel.com Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman