kernel/linux.git/arch/arm64/kvm, branch v6.1.174

KVM: arm64: Discard PC update state on vcpu reset

2026-04-11T12:16:13+00:00

commit 1744a6ef48b9a48f017e3e1a0d05de0a6978396e upstream. Our vcpu reset suffers from a particularly interesting flaw, as it does not correctly deal with state that will have an effect on the execution flow out of reset. Take the following completely random example, never seen in the wild and that never resulted in a couple of sleepless nights: /s - vcpu-A issues a PSCI_CPU_OFF using the SMC conduit - SMC being a trapped instruction (as opposed to HVC which is always normally executed), we annotate the vcpu as needing to skip the next instruction, which is the SMC itself - vcpu-A is now safely off - vcpu-B issues a PSCI_CPU_ON for vcpu-A, providing a starting PC - vcpu-A gets reset, get the new PC, and is sent on its merry way - right at the point of entering the guest, we notice that a PC increment is pending (remember the earlier SMC?) - vcpu-A skips its first instruction... What could possibly go wrong? Well, I'm glad you asked. For pKVM as a NV guest, that first instruction is extremely significant, as it indicates whether the CPU is booting or resuming. Having skipped that instruction, nothing makes any sense anymore, and CPU hotplugging fails. This is all caused by the decoupling of PC update from the handling of an exception that triggers such update, making it non-obvious what affects what when. Fix this train wreck by discarding all the PC-affecting state on vcpu reset. Fixes: f5e30680616ab ("KVM: arm64: Move __adjust_pc out of line") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Reviewed-by: Suzuki K Poulose Reviewed-by: Joey Gouly Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260312140850.822968-1-maz@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

KVM: arm64: sys_regs: disable -Wuninitialized-const-pointer warning

2026-01-11T14:19:24+00:00

A new warning in Clang 22 [1] complains that @clidr passed to get_clidr_el1() is an uninitialized const pointer. get_clidr_el1() doesn't really care since it casts away the const-ness anyways -- it is a false positive. This patch isn't needed for anything past 6.1 as this code section was reworked in Commit 7af0c2534f4c ("KVM: arm64: Normalize cache configuration") which incidentally removed the aforementioned warning. Since there is no upstream equivalent, this patch just needs to be applied to 6.1. Disable this warning for sys_regs.o instead of backporting the patches from 6.2+ that modified this code area. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: 7c8c5e6a9101e ("arm64: KVM: system register handling") Link: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/commit/00dacf8c22f065cb52efb14cd091d441f19b319e [1] Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor Signed-off-by: Justin Stitt Reviewed-by: Tiffany Yang Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

KVM: arm64: Eagerly switch ZCR_EL{1,2}

2025-04-25T08:44:00+00:00

[ Upstream commit 59419f10045bc955d2229819c7cf7a8b0b9c5b59 ] In non-protected KVM modes, while the guest FPSIMD/SVE/SME state is live on the CPU, the host's active SVE VL may differ from the guest's maximum SVE VL: * For VHE hosts, when a VM uses NV, ZCR_EL2 contains a value constrained by the guest hypervisor, which may be less than or equal to that guest's maximum VL. Note: in this case the value of ZCR_EL1 is immaterial due to E2H. * For nVHE/hVHE hosts, ZCR_EL1 contains a value written by the guest, which may be less than or greater than the guest's maximum VL. Note: in this case hyp code traps host SVE usage and lazily restores ZCR_EL2 to the host's maximum VL, which may be greater than the guest's maximum VL. This can be the case between exiting a guest and kvm_arch_vcpu_put_fp(). If a softirq is taken during this period and the softirq handler tries to use kernel-mode NEON, then the kernel will fail to save the guest's FPSIMD/SVE state, and will pend a SIGKILL for the current thread. This happens because kvm_arch_vcpu_ctxsync_fp() binds the guest's live FPSIMD/SVE state with the guest's maximum SVE VL, and fpsimd_save_user_state() verifies that the live SVE VL is as expected before attempting to save the register state: | if (WARN_ON(sve_get_vl() != vl)) { | force_signal_inject(SIGKILL, SI_KERNEL, 0, 0); | return; | } Fix this and make this a bit easier to reason about by always eagerly switching ZCR_EL{1,2} at hyp during guest<->host transitions. With this happening, there's no need to trap host SVE usage, and the nVHE/nVHE __deactivate_cptr_traps() logic can be simplified to enable host access to all present FPSIMD/SVE/SME features. In protected nVHE/hVHE modes, the host's state is always saved/restored by hyp, and the guest's state is saved prior to exit to the host, so from the host's PoV the guest never has live FPSIMD/SVE/SME state, and the host's ZCR_EL1 is never clobbered by hyp. Fixes: 8c8010d69c132273 ("KVM: arm64: Save/restore SVE state for nVHE") Fixes: 2e3cf82063a00ea0 ("KVM: arm64: nv: Ensure correct VL is loaded before saving SVE state") Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland Reviewed-by: Mark Brown Tested-by: Mark Brown Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: Fuad Tabba Cc: Marc Zyngier Cc: Oliver Upton Cc: Will Deacon Reviewed-by: Oliver Upton Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250210195226.1215254-9-mark.rutland@arm.com Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier [ v6.6 lacks pKVM saving of host SVE state, pull in discovery of maximum host VL separately -- broonie ] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

KVM: arm64: Calculate cptr_el2 traps on activating traps

2025-04-25T08:44:00+00:00

[ Upstream commit 2fd5b4b0e7b440602455b79977bfa64dea101e6c ] Similar to VHE, calculate the value of cptr_el2 from scratch on activate traps. This removes the need to store cptr_el2 in every vcpu structure. Moreover, some traps, such as whether the guest owns the fp registers, need to be set on every vcpu run. Reported-by: James Clark Fixes: 5294afdbf45a ("KVM: arm64: Exclude FP ownership from kvm_vcpu_arch") Signed-off-by: Fuad Tabba Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20241216105057.579031-13-tabba@google.com Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier Signed-off-by: Mark Brown Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

KVM: arm64: Mark some header functions as inline

2025-04-25T08:43:59+00:00

[ Upstream commit f9dd00de1e53a47763dfad601635d18542c3836d ] The shared hyp switch header has a number of static functions which might not be used by all files that include the header, and when unused they will provoke compiler warnings, e.g. | In file included from arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/hyp-main.c:8: | ./arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h:703:13: warning: 'kvm_hyp_handle_dabt_low' defined but not used [-Wunused-function] | 703 | static bool kvm_hyp_handle_dabt_low(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *exit_code) | | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | ./arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h:682:13: warning: 'kvm_hyp_handle_cp15_32' defined but not used [-Wunused-function] | 682 | static bool kvm_hyp_handle_cp15_32(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *exit_code) | | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | ./arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h:662:13: warning: 'kvm_hyp_handle_sysreg' defined but not used [-Wunused-function] | 662 | static bool kvm_hyp_handle_sysreg(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *exit_code) | | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | ./arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h:458:13: warning: 'kvm_hyp_handle_fpsimd' defined but not used [-Wunused-function] | 458 | static bool kvm_hyp_handle_fpsimd(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *exit_code) | | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | ./arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h:329:13: warning: 'kvm_hyp_handle_mops' defined but not used [-Wunused-function] | 329 | static bool kvm_hyp_handle_mops(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *exit_code) | | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Mark these functions as 'inline' to suppress this warning. This shouldn't result in any functional change. At the same time, avoid the use of __alias() in the header and alias kvm_hyp_handle_iabt_low() and kvm_hyp_handle_watchpt_low() to kvm_hyp_handle_memory_fault() using CPP, matching the style in the rest of the kernel. For consistency, kvm_hyp_handle_memory_fault() is also marked as 'inline'. Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland Reviewed-by: Mark Brown Tested-by: Mark Brown Acked-by: Will Deacon Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: Fuad Tabba Cc: Marc Zyngier Cc: Oliver Upton Reviewed-by: Oliver Upton Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250210195226.1215254-8-mark.rutland@arm.com Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier Signed-off-by: Mark Brown Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

KVM: arm64: Refactor exit handlers

2025-04-25T08:43:59+00:00

[ Upstream commit 9b66195063c5a145843547b1d692bd189be85287 ] The hyp exit handling logic is largely shared between VHE and nVHE/hVHE, with common logic in arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h. The code in the header depends on function definitions provided by arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vhe/switch.c and arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c when they include the header. This is an unusual header dependency, and prevents the use of arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h in other files as this would result in compiler warnings regarding missing definitions, e.g. | In file included from arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/hyp-main.c:8: | ./arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h:733:31: warning: 'kvm_get_exit_handler_array' used but never defined | 733 | static const exit_handler_fn *kvm_get_exit_handler_array(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu); | | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | ./arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h:735:13: warning: 'early_exit_filter' used but never defined | 735 | static void early_exit_filter(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *exit_code); | | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Refactor the logic such that the header doesn't depend on anything from the C files. There should be no functional change as a result of this patch. Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland Reviewed-by: Mark Brown Tested-by: Mark Brown Acked-by: Will Deacon Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: Fuad Tabba Cc: Marc Zyngier Cc: Oliver Upton Reviewed-by: Oliver Upton Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250210195226.1215254-7-mark.rutland@arm.com Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier Signed-off-by: Mark Brown Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

KVM: arm64: Remove VHE host restore of CPACR_EL1.SMEN

2025-04-25T08:43:59+00:00

[ Upstream commit 407a99c4654e8ea65393f412c421a55cac539f5b ] When KVM is in VHE mode, the host kernel tries to save and restore the configuration of CPACR_EL1.SMEN (i.e. CPTR_EL2.SMEN when HCR_EL2.E2H=1) across kvm_arch_vcpu_load_fp() and kvm_arch_vcpu_put_fp(), since the configuration may be clobbered by hyp when running a vCPU. This logic has historically been broken, and is currently redundant. This logic was originally introduced in commit: 861262ab86270206 ("KVM: arm64: Handle SME host state when running guests") At the time, the VHE hyp code would reset CPTR_EL2.SMEN to 0b00 when returning to the host, trapping host access to SME state. Unfortunately, this was unsafe as the host could take a softirq before calling kvm_arch_vcpu_put_fp(), and if a softirq handler were to use kernel mode NEON the resulting attempt to save the live FPSIMD/SVE/SME state would result in a fatal trap. That issue was limited to VHE mode. For nVHE/hVHE modes, KVM always saved/restored the host kernel's CPACR_EL1 value, and configured CPTR_EL2.TSM to 0b0, ensuring that host usage of SME would not be trapped. The issue above was incidentally fixed by commit: 375110ab51dec5dc ("KVM: arm64: Fix resetting SME trap values on reset for (h)VHE") That commit changed the VHE hyp code to configure CPTR_EL2.SMEN to 0b01 when returning to the host, permitting host kernel usage of SME, avoiding the issue described above. At the time, this was not identified as a fix for commit 861262ab86270206. Now that the host eagerly saves and unbinds its own FPSIMD/SVE/SME state, there's no need to save/restore the state of the EL0 SME trap. The kernel can safely save/restore state without trapping, as described above, and will restore userspace state (including trap controls) before returning to userspace. Remove the redundant logic. Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland Reviewed-by: Mark Brown Tested-by: Mark Brown Acked-by: Will Deacon Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: Fuad Tabba Cc: Marc Zyngier Cc: Oliver Upton Reviewed-by: Oliver Upton Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250210195226.1215254-5-mark.rutland@arm.com Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier [Update for rework of flags storage -- broonie] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

KVM: arm64: Remove VHE host restore of CPACR_EL1.ZEN

2025-04-25T08:43:59+00:00

[ Upstream commit 459f059be702056d91537b99a129994aa6ccdd35 ] When KVM is in VHE mode, the host kernel tries to save and restore the configuration of CPACR_EL1.ZEN (i.e. CPTR_EL2.ZEN when HCR_EL2.E2H=1) across kvm_arch_vcpu_load_fp() and kvm_arch_vcpu_put_fp(), since the configuration may be clobbered by hyp when running a vCPU. This logic is currently redundant. The VHE hyp code unconditionally configures CPTR_EL2.ZEN to 0b01 when returning to the host, permitting host kernel usage of SVE. Now that the host eagerly saves and unbinds its own FPSIMD/SVE/SME state, there's no need to save/restore the state of the EL0 SVE trap. The kernel can safely save/restore state without trapping, as described above, and will restore userspace state (including trap controls) before returning to userspace. Remove the redundant logic. Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland Reviewed-by: Mark Brown Tested-by: Mark Brown Acked-by: Will Deacon Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: Fuad Tabba Cc: Marc Zyngier Cc: Oliver Upton Reviewed-by: Oliver Upton Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250210195226.1215254-4-mark.rutland@arm.com Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier [Rework for refactoring of where the flags are stored -- broonie] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

KVM: arm64: Remove host FPSIMD saving for non-protected KVM

2025-04-25T08:43:59+00:00

[ Upstream commit 8eca7f6d5100b6997df4f532090bc3f7e0203bef ] Now that the host eagerly saves its own FPSIMD/SVE/SME state, non-protected KVM never needs to save the host FPSIMD/SVE/SME state, and the code to do this is never used. Protected KVM still needs to save/restore the host FPSIMD/SVE state to avoid leaking guest state to the host (and to avoid revealing to the host whether the guest used FPSIMD/SVE/SME), and that code needs to be retained. Remove the unused code and data structures. To avoid the need for a stub copy of kvm_hyp_save_fpsimd_host() in the VHE hyp code, the nVHE/hVHE version is moved into the shared switch header, where it is only invoked when KVM is in protected mode. Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland Reviewed-by: Mark Brown Tested-by: Mark Brown Acked-by: Will Deacon Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: Fuad Tabba Cc: Marc Zyngier Cc: Oliver Upton Reviewed-by: Oliver Upton Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250210195226.1215254-3-mark.rutland@arm.com Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier Signed-off-by: Mark Brown Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

KVM: arm64: Unconditionally save+flush host FPSIMD/SVE/SME state

2025-04-25T08:43:59+00:00

[ Upstream commit fbc7e61195e23f744814e78524b73b59faa54ab4 ] There are several problems with the way hyp code lazily saves the host's FPSIMD/SVE state, including: * Host SVE being discarded unexpectedly due to inconsistent configuration of TIF_SVE and CPACR_ELx.ZEN. This has been seen to result in QEMU crashes where SVE is used by memmove(), as reported by Eric Auger: https://issues.redhat.com/browse/RHEL-68997 * Host SVE state is discarded *after* modification by ptrace, which was an unintentional ptrace ABI change introduced with lazy discarding of SVE state. * The host FPMR value can be discarded when running a non-protected VM, where FPMR support is not exposed to a VM, and that VM uses FPSIMD/SVE. In these cases the hyp code does not save the host's FPMR before unbinding the host's FPSIMD/SVE/SME state, leaving a stale value in memory. Avoid these by eagerly saving and "flushing" the host's FPSIMD/SVE/SME state when loading a vCPU such that KVM does not need to save any of the host's FPSIMD/SVE/SME state. For clarity, fpsimd_kvm_prepare() is removed and the necessary call to fpsimd_save_and_flush_cpu_state() is placed in kvm_arch_vcpu_load_fp(). As 'fpsimd_state' and 'fpmr_ptr' should not be used, they are set to NULL; all uses of these will be removed in subsequent patches. Historical problems go back at least as far as v5.17, e.g. erroneous assumptions about TIF_SVE being clear in commit: 8383741ab2e773a9 ("KVM: arm64: Get rid of host SVE tracking/saving") ... and so this eager save+flush probably needs to be backported to ALL stable trees. Fixes: 93ae6b01bafee8fa ("KVM: arm64: Discard any SVE state when entering KVM guests") Fixes: 8c845e2731041f0f ("arm64/sve: Leave SVE enabled on syscall if we don't context switch") Fixes: ef3be86021c3bdf3 ("KVM: arm64: Add save/restore support for FPMR") Reported-by: Eric Auger Reported-by: Wilco Dijkstra Reviewed-by: Mark Brown Tested-by: Mark Brown Tested-by: Eric Auger Acked-by: Will Deacon Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: Florian Weimer Cc: Fuad Tabba Cc: Jeremy Linton Cc: Marc Zyngier Cc: Oliver Upton Cc: Paolo Bonzini Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland Reviewed-by: Oliver Upton Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250210195226.1215254-2-mark.rutland@arm.com Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier [ Mark: Handle vcpu/host flag conflict, remove host_data_ptr() ] Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland Signed-off-by: Mark Brown Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman